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The The MoleMole
CA StandardsCA Standards
The MoleThe Mole
1 dozen =1 gross =
1 ream =
1 mole =
12
144
500
6.02 x 1023
There are There are exactlyexactly 12 grams of 12 grams of carbon-12 in one mole of carbon-12 in one mole of carbon-12.carbon-12.
Avogadro’s NumberAvogadro’s Number6.02 x 1023 is called “Avogadro’s Number” in honor of the Italian chemist Amadeo Avogadro (1776-1855).
Amadeo Avogadro
I didn’t discover it. Its just named after
me!
I didn’t discover it. Its just named after
me!
Calculating Formula MassCalculating Formula MassCalculate the formula mass of carbon Calculate the formula mass of carbon dioxide, COdioxide, CO22..
12.01 g + 2(16.00 g) =12.01 g + 2(16.00 g) =44.01 44.01 gg
One mole of CO2 (6.02 x 1023 molecules) has a mass of 44.01 grams
Mole Mole RelationshiRelationshi
psps
Mole Mole
Atomsor
molecules
Atomsor
molecules
Liters Liters
Grams Grams
6.02 x
6.02 x 1010 2323
6.02 x
6.02 x 1010 2323
Ato
mic
Ato
mic
Mass
Mass
Ato
mic
Ato
mic
Mass
Mass
22. 4
L
22. 4
L
22. 4
L
22. 4
L22.4 L
Calculations with Moles:Calculations with Moles:Converting moles to gramsConverting moles to grams
How many grams of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium?
3.50 mol Li= g Li
1 mol Li
6.94 g Li 45.145.1
Calculations with Moles:Calculations with Moles:Converting grams to molesConverting grams to moles
How many moles of lithium are in 18.2 grams of lithium?
18.2 g Li= mol Li
6.94 g Li
1 mol Li2.622.62
Calculations with Moles:Calculations with Moles:Using Avogadro’s NumberUsing Avogadro’s Number
How many atoms of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium?
3.50 mol
= atoms1 mol
6.02 x 1023 atoms 2.07 x 102.07 x 102424
Calculations with Moles:Calculations with Moles:Using Avogadro’s NumberUsing Avogadro’s Number
How many atoms of lithium are in 18.2 g of lithium?
18.2 g Li
= atoms Li
1 mol Li 6.022 x 1023 atoms Li
1.58 x 1024
6.94 g Li 1 mol Li
(18.2)(6.022 x 1023)/6.94
Standard Molar VolumeStandard Molar Volume
Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
- Amedeo Avogadro
Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
- Amedeo Avogadro
At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure):
1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters of volume
At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure):
1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters of volume
Calculations with Moles:Calculations with Moles:Using Standard Molar VolumeUsing Standard Molar Volume
How many moles of hydrogen are in 100 L of hydrogen at STP?
100 L = mol
22.4 L
1 mol4.644.64
Calculations with Moles:Calculations with Moles:Using Standard Molar VolumeUsing Standard Molar Volume
How many liters are occupied by 3 moles of oxygen gas at STP?
3 mol = L
1 mol
22.4 L67.267.2