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THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project: ADER 11.1.1. Technological solutions and technical means of improvement with minimal inputs of permanent degraded meadows by surface measuresProject coordinator Grassland Research and Development Institute Brașov - Project director: Phd. eng. Blaj Vasile Adrian Partners in the project Grassland Research and Development Station Timişoara - Responsible for Project: Prof. phd. Dragomir Neculai Grassland Research and Development Station Vaslui - Responsible for Project : Phd. eng. Ichim Emil www. pajisti-grassland.ro

THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

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Page 1: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Sectoral plan ADER 2020,

for the years 2015-2018

Project: ADER 11.1.1. ” Technological solutions and technical means of improvement

with minimal inputs of permanent degraded meadows by surface measures”

Project coordinator

Grassland Research and Development Institute Brașov

- Project director: Phd. eng. Blaj Vasile Adrian

Partners in the project

Grassland Research and Development Station Timişoara

- Responsible for Project: Prof. phd. Dragomir Neculai

Grassland Research and Development Station Vaslui

- Responsible for Project : Phd. eng. Ichim Emil

www. pajisti-grassland.ro

Page 2: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Project title:ADER 11.1.1. "Technological solutions and technical means of improvement

with minimal inputs of permanent degraded meadows by surface measures"

Coordinator/

Partners

Contract

value

(lei)

Value after

amendments

( lei)

From which per year:

2015 2015 2017 2018

GRDI Brașov - CP 610850 610850 125850 161000 162000 162000

GRDS Timișoara - P1 91000 91000 22000 23000 23000 23000

GRDS Vaslui – P2 61000 61000 15000 16000 15000 15000

TOTAL 762850 762850 162850 200000 200000 200000

Funds allocated to the project in accordance with the original contract and additional annual acts

Page 3: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Stages/Activities Termene

I. - Synthesize of researches regarding the improvement of degraded pastures by surface methods;

Identification of areas with permanent degraded permanent pastures to be improved by surface measures.

15.02.

2016

I.1 – Synthesize of research on improvement with minimal inputs of degraded pastures by surface measures

I.2 - Identification of degraded grassland types with high extrapolation zonal conditions

II - Conceiving and locating the experimental fields; Establishment of mixtures of grasses and perennial forage legumes 15.07.

2016II.1 - Conceiving the experimental sheets and location of the experimental fields

II.2 - Establishment of mixtures of grasses and perennial legumes according to the pedoclimatic conditions and different ways of use

III - Determining and analyzing the results from experimental fields set up in 2016 01.11.

2016III.1 - Evaluation of feed production and quality in experimental fields

IV - Analysis of causes of pasture degradation and technical means for mechanizing implementation of technological solutions 15.07.

2017IV.1 - Analysis of causes of pasture degradation and pedoclimatic conditions; Identification of limiting factors

IV.2 - Improvement of technical means for performing the technological sequences

V - Tests of the technical means and further observations on the evaluation of the production and feed quality of the experimental fields 31.10.

2017V.1 -Exploitation tests of grassland leveling equipment

V.2 - Evaluation of feed production and quality in experimental plots

VI - Verification of zonal improvement technologies by surface measures of degraded pastures 15.07.

2018VI.1 – Establishing the demonstrative lots under different stationary conditions and degrees of degradation

VII - Promotion of zonal technologies through different dissemination methods (brochures, leaflets with new technological solutions and

technical means, demonstration of the usefulness of technologies)

31.10.

2018

VII.1 - Finalizing and organizing the experimental database after three vegetation cycles in order to establish technological solutions for the

improvement of the meadows by surface methods

VII.2 - Dissemination and utilization of results

Extract from

THE PLAN OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT

Page 4: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Zonal distribution of permanent grassland in Romania,

area affected by limiting factors and green mass production (Dragomir N., 2018)

RESULTS

A – Bibliographic documentation

The area of

vegetation

Altitude

(m)

Total area

Area affected by

the limitative

factors

The remaining

surface for use

Estimated

production of

green mass

million

hectares%

thousand

hectares%

million

hectares%

thousand

tons%

Lowland and low

plateaus grassland

0-200-

3500,63 13 63 10 0,57 14 2850 13

Hills and high

plateaus grassland

200-600-

8001,44 30 144 10 1,30 31 9100 42

Mountain

grassland

800-

1600-

1800

2,16 45 320 15 1,84 43 7360 34

Alpine grassland >1800 0,10 2 20 15 0,08 2 240 1

Interzonal and

zonal grasslandx 0,48 10 48 10 0,43 10 2150 10

Total (media) x 4,81 100 595 12 4,22 100 21700 100

Page 5: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Indicator plants for assessing the degradation stage of a grassland (after CREMER et. al., 2012)

Latin name

Wet

soil

s

Dry

soil

s

Aci

d s

oil

s

Alk

alin

eso

ils

Ric

h s

oil

Poor

soil

s

Soil

sw

ith

exce

ssN

Over

gra

zed

gra

ssla

nd

Under

gra

zed

gra

ssla

nd

Com

pac

t

soil

s

Gra

ssla

nd

use

dfo

r

mow

ing

Achillea millefolium xx x

Bromus mollis x xx

Capsella bursa-pastoris xx xx

Anthriscus sylvestris xx xx xx

Elymus repens xx xx xx x

Festuca pratensis x x x

Festuca rubra xx xx

Phleum pratense x x xx

Anthoxanthum odoratum xx x

Pteridium aquilinum xx x x

Arrhenatherum elatius xx

Heracleum sphondylium xx x xx

Urtica dioica xx xx

Juncus effusus xx x

Luzula campestris xx xx

Mentha aquatica xx xx

Stellaria media xx xx x x

Bellis perennis x xx xx

Poa annua x xx x

Rumex acetosella x xx xx

Taraxacum officinale x x

Plantago lanceolata x x xx

Plantago major x x xx xx

Hypochaeris radicata x xx x

Lolium perenne xx

Ranunculus acris x x x x

Ranunculus bulbosus xx xx

Ranunculus repens xx x

Polygonum aviculare x x xx xx

Rumex obtusifolius x xx xx

Alopercus pratense xx x x x

Page 6: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

The main parts of grassland leveling equipment are:

• frame assembled (1);

• left leveling blades (2);

• right leveling blade (3);

• posterior leveling blade (4);

• front disc battery (5);

• left side discs battery (6);

• right side discs battery (7);

• lifting-lowering mechanism

for the rear leveling blade (8);

• hydraulic installation (9);

• rolling wheels (10);

• towing hitch (11).

B - Technical means for conducting mechanized technological works

Page 7: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

- energy source- wheeled or crawler tractors with powers of 59-81 kW (80-110 hp)

- machine type- trailed during work;- half-wound while traveling

- dimensions:- length- width- height

7000 mm2110 mm1150 mm

- number of discs: -12 on front battery;- 4 every side battery

- disc type: - notched discs (scalloped) at the front battery;- smooth discs on side batteries

- disc diameter: 460 mm

- distance between discs: 180 mm

- working width 2,0 m

- equipment mass 1500 kg

Constructive technical characteristics of Grassland Leveling Equipment GLE- 2,0

Page 8: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Operational tests of the experimental model were made in aggregate with a

wheeled tractor, type 4x4, with 100 HP (New Holland TL100), on two plots of land with

annual and multi-annual anthills covered with grass, located near the headquarters of the

Grassland Reserch and Development Institute Brasov.

The main indices of mining for grassland leveling equipment are the following:

> Working speed- 2,0 m/s sau 7,2 km/h,

> Real working width- 1,95 m,

> Hourly fuel consumption - 10,0-12,0 l,

> Effective working capacity - 1,2-1,3 ha/h.

Page 9: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

location of experience

(at BCPM Blana Bucegi)

C.1. ” Improvement of degraded by Nardus stricta subalpine grassland by paddocking ,

phosphorus fertilization and over-sowing”

Variants of the experience

Experience is trifactorial in subdivided plots

and three rehearsals.

The three factors are:

Factor A: paddocking 1 cow /6 m2

a1 – 2 nights*

a2 – 4 nights* in the year 2008

a3 – 6 nights*

* + 4 nights in the year 2012

Factor B: herbicide

b1 – without herbicides

b2 – glifosat 5 l/ha

Factor C: fertilization

c1 – without fertilization

c2 – 100 kg/ha P2O5

-Phleum pratense TIROM 19,6%

-Festuca pratensis TRANSILVAN 27,6%

-Lolium perenne MARTA 11,8%

-Festuca rubra MUSICA 7,8%-Lolium multiflorium TIRNA 7,8%

-Poa pratensis COMPACT 3,9%

-Trifolium pratense PAVO 7,8%

-Lotus corniculatus LEO 7,8%

-Trifolium repens RIESLING 3,9%

-Phalaris arundinacea 2,0%

Common treatment overseeding 50kg/ha with a mixture of seeds consisting of:

C – Results from experimental fields and demonstration batches

Page 10: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

The influence of factor A – PADDOCKING

The influence of factor B – HERBICIDE

Impact of improvement factors on dry matter production, Blana Bucegi, 2014 -2016

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

a1a2

a3

1.77 mt

2.15 **

2.57 ***

SU t

/ha

DL 5% = 0,15; DL 1% = 0,25; DL 0,1% = 0,47 t/ha

2

2.1

2.2

2.3

b1

b2

2.08 mt

2.25 *

SU t

/ha

DL 5% = 0,14; DL 1% = 0,21; DL 0,1% = 0,35 t/ha

Interaction of Factors B x CDL 5% = 0,19; DL 1% = 0,26; DL 0,1% = 0,36 t/ha

Page 11: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Organic

fertilization

Crude protein content DifferenceSemnif.

g/100 g % g/100 g

Paddocking -

2 nights8.63 100 mt

Paddocking -

4 nights9.18 106 0.55 *

Paddocking -

6 nights8.68 101 0.05

8.2

8.4

8.6

8.8

9.0

9.2

a1

a2

a3

8.63 mt

9.18 *

8.68

pro

tein

a

g/1

00

g S

U

DL 5% = 0,44; DL 1% = 0,73; DL 0,1% = 1,37

49

49

50

50

51

51

52

52

a1

a2

a3

49.70 mt

51.52 *

51.07 *

DSU

Organic

fertilization

DMD DifferenceSemnif.

indc % t/ha

Paddocking -

2 nights49.70 100 mt

Paddocking -

4 nights51.52 104 1.82 *

Paddocking -

6 nights51.07 103 1.37 *

DL 5% = 1,24; DL 1% = 2,06; DL 0,1% = 3,86

Influence of Improvement Factors on the quality of the feed

Blana Bucegi 2014 -2016

Crude protein content Digestibility of dry matter

Page 12: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

The experience is bifactorial placed in

subdivided plots and three rehearsals.

Experimental factors are:

Factor A – herbicide

a1 – without herbicides

a2 – Glifosat 5l/ha

Factor B – liming

b1 – without liming

b2 – liing 4 t CaO/ha

Common treatment

- Paddocking 4 nights a cow/6 m2 at the

establishment of the experience (2008) and

repeated in year 2013

- Fertilization with 100 kg/ha P2O5

Overseeding with a mixture of seed of

perennial grasses and legumes, 50 kg/ha,

C.2. ” Effect of herbicide and liming as measures to improve Nardus stricta subalpine pastures”

location of experience

(at BCPM Blana Bucegi)

Page 13: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

a1a2

2.25 mt 2.71 *

SU t

/ha

Impact of improvement factors on dry matter production, Blana Bucegi 2010 - 2017

HerbicideDM production Difference

Signif.t/ha % t/ha

Without herbicide 2,25 100 mt

Glifosat 5L/ha 2,71 120 0,46 *

DL 5% = 0,35; DL 1% = 0,81; DL 0,1% = 1,83 t/ha

Influence of herbicides factor on production of dry matter,

Blana Bucegi, 2010-2013

b1b2

2,00 mt2,13 *

SU t

/ha

LimingDM production Difference

Signif.t/ha % t/ha

Without liming 2,00 100 mt

Liming 4 t CaO/ha 2,13 107 0,13 *

DL 5% = 0,11; DL 1% = 0,65; DL 0,1% = 1,21 t/ha

Influence of the liming factor on the production of dry

matter, Blana Bucegi, 2014-2017

Page 14: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Specification Technological variants indexDifference

Semnif.Differences limit

DL% Value

Crude protein

content

% CP

b1- Without liming 8,46 100Control

plot DL 5% = 0,75

DL 1% = 1,24

DL 0,1% = 2,31b2- Liming 4 t CaO/ha 10,21 121 1,75 **

Fiber content

% crude fibre

b1- Without liming 37,2 100Control

plot DL 5% = 0,56

DL 1% = 0,93

DL 0,1% = 1,74b2- Liming 4 t CaO/ha 36,2 97 - 1,0 oo

Dry-matter

digestibility

DMD

b1- Without liming 51,60 100Control

plot DL 5% = 1,84

DL 1% = 3,04

DL 0,1% = 5,69b2- Liming 4 t CaO/ha 54,26 105 2,66 *

Organic matter

digestibility

OMD

b1- Without liming 48,36 100Control

plot DL 5% = 1,88

DL 1% = 3,12

DL 0,1%= 5,83b2- Liming 4 t CaO/ha 51,18 106 3,0 *

The influence of liming on the main quality indicators at

feed samples from subalpine meadows, Blana Bucegi, 2011-2017

* = significant positive difference; **= distinctly significant positive difference; oo = distinctly significant negative difference

Page 15: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

The surface on which it is located is demonstrative

batches is 2430 m2 (54 m x 45 m) and the combination of

improvement factors is:

Factor 1 – control worthless vegetation

(mulcher processing), with graduations:

1.1 – without mulching – control plot

1.2 – with mulching + overseeding

Factor 2 – Fertilization and liming, with

graduations :

2.1 – without fertilization

2.2 – paddocking 1 cow /5 mp for 5 nights

2.3 – paddocking 1 cow /5 mp for 5 nights +

liming5 t/ha CaO

2.4 – fertilization with N100P50K50 + liming 5

t/ha CaO.

C.3. ” Improving subalpine Nardus stricta grassland

Invaded by vegetable origin mounds (marghile)”

Aspect during the execution of the mowing leveling works,

Blana Bucegi, 27.06. 2016

Aspect regarding to install valuable species after

the action of overseeding, Blana Bucegi, 14.06.2017

Page 16: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Species ICVariants of improvement

1.1 Cp. 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

Vegetation cover (%) 100 100 100 100 75 100 100 100

Total grasses (PC): 80 60 57 63 50 60 50 57

Nardus stricta 0 40 12 10 20 25 5 - 10

Festuca nigrescens 3 + 4 6 5 1 8 3 12

Festuca ovina 1 8 4 3 3 - 1 2

Agrostis rupestris 1 12 5 3 5 5 2 + 5

Agrostis capillaris 3 - 5 5 8 5 3 1 7

Phleum alpinum 2 + 7 4 9 6 2 3 7

Poa media 1 17 7 5 4 - 3 3 4

Poa pratensis 4 - 5 2 - - 8 3 1

Poa annua 3 - 5 3 3 - 5 + +

Anthoxanthum odoratum 1 + + + 2 3 + - -

Deschampsia caespitosa 0 - - - - + 1 +

Deschampsia flexuosa 0 + 3 1 4 5 + - +

Dactilis glomerata (sem.) 5 - - - - - 1 +

Fectuca pratensis (sem.) 5 - + - - 2 6 1

Phleum pratense (sem.) 5 3 15 - - 20 25 8

Lolium perenne (sem.) 5 - - - - 2 3 +

Total legumes 8 20 33 12 10 30 40 18

Trifolium repens 4 8 20 30 12 10 30 35 18

Trifolium pratense 4 - - 1 - - + 3 -

Lotus corniculatus 4 - + 2 + - + 2 +

Other families total 12 20 10 25 15 10 10 25

Potentilla ternata 0 4 2 1 2 2 2 1 3

Ligusticum mutellina 3 7 3 2 3 6 + + 4

Ranunculus montanus 0 + 3 2 2 2 1 2 1

Polygonum bistorta 1 - 5 3 9 1 2 1 12

Hieracium aurantiacum 0 + 1 + 2 + + + 1

Viola declinata 0 + 2 + 3 1 + 1 1

Taraxacum officinale 2 - 1 1 - - 1 1 -

Alchillea millefolium 2 - 1 1 - - 2 1 -

Geum montanum 0 + 1 + 2 1 - + 1

Alchemilla vulgaris 2 + + + 2 1 1 1 1

Campanula Sp. 0 1 + + 1 1 2 1

Rumex. Sp. 0 - + + - - + + -

Cerastium. Sp. 0 + + + + + + + +

The floristic composition for the meadows improved by surface means(mulching, fertilization, liming), Blana – Bucegi, 2018

Legend: PC= participation in grassy

compositiont (%)

IC= forage quality index

Comments:

Forage quality index (IC) is noted with:

values from 0 to 5 as follows:

5 = excellent; 4 = very good; 3 = good;

2 = medium ; 1 = low ; 0 = worthless

Pastoral value (VP) is calculated

according to the formula:

VP = ΣPC (%) x IC / 5

Estimating pastoral value is done on the

following way:

0-5 - degraded grassland; 15-25 - low;

25-50 - medium; 50-75 - good,

75-100 - very good

Page 17: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Aspect of the vegetation of grassland before applying

the improvement measures, Blana Bucegi, 03.06.2016

Aspect concerning vegetation og grasland after applying

the measures to improve, Blana Bucegi, 12.07.2018

Page 18: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

The demonstrative lot has an area of 2520 m2 and includes

variants for combating worthless woody vegetation by mulching

completed with fertilization mode. The placement was done in

subdivided blocks with three repetitions and the following

assignment:

Factor 1 – combating worthless vegetation (mucher

processing), with graduations:

1.1 – without mulching– control plot

1.2 – with mulching

Factor 2 - Fertilization, with graduations:

2.1 – without fertilization

2.2 – fertilization with N100P50K50

2.3 – organic fertilizing with manure 20t/ha

Aspect of vegetation before applying improvement measures,

Podul Sohodolului, Râșnov, (foto 25.04.2017)

C.4. Demonstrative lot for combating worthless woody vegetation,

Râșnov – Podul Sohodolului

Page 19: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Species ICVariants of improvement

1.1 Cp 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.2 2.3

Grasses 67 70 57 72 68 68

Legumes + 4 14 5 12 16

Trifolium repens 4 + 2 10 4 8 11

Trifolium pratense 4 + 1 2 1 3 2

Lotus corniculatus 4 - 1 1 + 1 2

Vicia sp. 3 + + 1 + - 1

Other families 20 14 17 23 20 16

Juncus tenuis 0 15 7 6 10 8 6

Achillea millefolium 2 + 1 2 1 3 2

Ranunculus repens 0 1 3 2 1 1 +

Daucus carota 2 + 1 1 1 1 1

Galium cruciata 0 2 + 1 1 1 1

Prunella vulgatris 0 + + 1 1 1 +

Leontodon autumnale 1 1 1 1 3 1 3

Cirsium vulgare 0 + - + + + -

Carduus acanthoides 0 - + - - + +

Mentha piperita 0 + + + 2 + +

Hypericum

maculatum

0 1 + ++ + -

Taraxacum officinale 2 - - 1 + 1 2

Bellis perennis 1 + + + + + +

Plantago lanceolata 2 + 1 1 2 1 1

Juncus buffonius 0 + + 1 + 1 +

Rumex acetosella 0 + + + 1 1 +

Shrubs 13 12 12 - - -

Crataegus monogyna 13 10 11 - - -

Rosa canina + 2 1 - - -

PASTORAL

VALUE28 43 46 39 47 56

% in relation to CP 100 154 164 139 168 200

Botanical composition of the meadows from demonstrative lot for combating

worthless woody vegetation, Râșnov –Podul Sohodolului, 2018

Without

fertilization

Organic

fertilization

(2017)

Without

mulching

Mulching

(2017)

Details of the influence of technologies for combating worthless woody vegetation

by surface measures, Podul Sohodolului – Râșnov, 2018

Page 20: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

C.5. ” Use of subalpine improved grassland with dairy cows, Blana – Bucegi”

In a modern conception the results of grassland improvement methods are expressed more frequently by

productions from animals maintained in these areas. In this regard, at Research Base for Mountain Grassland

Blana – Bucegi are conducted researches through which to express in milk production the efficiency of

improvement methods for degraded Nardus stricta grassland.

Variants of the experience:

1. Plot (grup) Ac: Natural pasture (nardet) fertilized with chemical fertilizers as

follows:

- 200 kg /ha N + 100 kg /ha P2O5 +100 kg/ha K2O in the year 2000

- 150 kg /ha N + 75 kg /ha P2O5 +75 kg/ha K2O in the year 2001

- 100 kg /ha N + 50 kg /ha P2O5 +50 kg/ha K2O in the year 2002

- 150 kg /ha N + 100 kg /ha P2O5 +100 kg/ha K2O in the year 2010

- 100 kg /ha N in the year 2011

- 50 kg /ha N in the year 2012

- 150 kg /ha N + 100 kg /ha P2O5 +100 kg/ha K2O in the year 2014

- 100 kg /ha N in the year 2015

- 50 kg /ha N in the year 2016

2. Plot (grup) B: Natural pasture (nardet) chemically fertilized during the period

1996-1998 with 150 kg /ha N + 75 kg /ha P2O5 +75 kg/ha K2O, then paddocked with

cows in years 2004, 2010 and 2016.

3. Plot (grup) C: Natural pasture (nardet), limed at 2/3 from Ah în 1995, chemically

fertilized during the period 1996-1998 with 150 kg /ha N + 75 kg /ha P2O5 +75 kg/ha

K2O, then paddocked in years 2003, 2009 și 2015

Before or immediately after paddocking with cows superphosphate were applied, at

a dose of 100 kg/ha P2O5.

4. Plot (grup) T: natural pasture (nardet) used rationally for 30 years located inside

of the experimental field from Research Base for Mountain Grassland Blana

Bucegi.

Page 21: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

Effect of grassland improvement treatments on dry matter production,

at experience with cows milk, Blana Bucegi 2016 - 2018

Variant Average yield of DM Difference

t/ha

Semnif.

t/ha %

Ac 3,60 170 1,48 **

B 3,52 166 1,40 *

C 3,07 145 0,95 *

T 2,12 100 mt

DL 5% = 0,82 t/ha DL 1% = 1,11 DL 0,1% = 1,47

Production of cow's milk, average on day and grazing season,

Blana – Bucegi, 2016-2018

SpecificationYears of production

Mean2016 2017 2018

Grazing season length (days) 107 92 92 97

Av

era

ge

mil

kp

rod

(l)

Group Ac(4 UVM/ha)

daily 9,80 11,15 11,10 10,68

per season 4194 4102 4084 4127

Group B(4 UVM/ha)

dailytârlire

11,19 10,00 10,60

per season 4118 3680 3899

Group C(4 UVM/ha)

daily 11,39 12,22 11,26 11,62

per season 4875 4496 4145 4505

Group T(1,5 UVM/ha)

daily 8,60 10,55 10,56 9,90

per season 1381 1456 1457 1431

Total daily 10,28 11,28 11,58 11,05

per season 3483 3501 3597 3527

Influence of subalpine grassland improvement factors on fat and protein content in cow's milk, Blana Bucegi. 2016 -2018

VariantFat content Difference

Semnif.g/100 g % g/100 g

T 3,45 100 Control

C 3,67 106 0,22 **

B 3,47 101 0,02

Ac 3,68 107 0,23 **

DL 5% = 0,20; DL 1% = 0,26; DL 0,1% = 0,33

VariantCrude protein content Difference

Semnif.g/100 g % g/100 g

T 3,31 100 Control

C 3,39 102 0,08 **

B 3,39 102 0,08 **

Ac 3,37 102 0,06 *

DL 5% = 0,05; DL 1% = 0,06; DL 0,1% = 0,08

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D - Brochures and flyers published

Within the project a number of 3 brochures containing the main technological measures for the improvement of

degraded meadows through minimum measures were published and published.

Two of these publications were also registered with an ISBN, respectively:

IMPROVING BY SURFACE MEASURES WITH MINIMUM INPUTS OF DEGRADED GRASSLAND,

Authors - Blaj Vasile Adrian, Dragomir Neculai, Mocanu Vasile, Marușca Teodor, Ene Tudor Adrian, Ichim Emil,

Editura Capolavoro, 2018, (273 copies);

• LOWLAND GRASSLAND (The causes of the degradation of vegetation and technological measures to

improve), Authors - Dragomir Neculai, Vasile Adrian Blaj, Teodor Marușca, Vasile Mocanu, Marinel Horablaga,

Dorin Rechițean, Marcela Dragoș, Monica Tod, Tudor Ene - Editura Artpress, 2018 (150 copies).

• The third brochure is entitled ” Technological solutions and technical means of improvement with minimal

inputs of permanent degraded meadows by surface measures from the hill"and it was multiplied by a

specialized unit from the city of Vaslui.

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Presentation and promotion flyer for

grassland leveling equipment

Page 24: THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ......THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Sectoral plan ADER 2020, for the years 2015-2018 Project:ADER 11.1.1. ”Technological

SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATIONS IN COUNTRY

CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVE BY PADDOCKING WITH CATTLE OF SUBALPINE GRASSLAND FROM BUCEGI MOUNTAIN

Sesiunea Științifică de Toamnă (22-24 septembrie, 2016) a Academiei Oamenilor de Știință din România, Durău-Neamț

V. A. Blaj (comunicare), T. Marușca, Andreea C. Andreoiu, Marcela M. Dragos, P. M. Zevedei,

LONGEVITY OF RESEEDED GRASS SPECIES USED FOR RESTORING THE DEGRADED SUBALPINE MEADOWS

Sesiunea Științifică de Toamnă (22-24 septembrie 2016) a Academiei Oamenilor de Știință din România, Durău-Neamț

T. Marușca, V. A. Blaj (comunicare), V. Mocanu

CONTRIBUȚII PRIVIND STABILIREA UNOR INDICI DE PRODUCTIVITATE PENTRU LAPTELE DE VACĂ PRODUS PE PĂȘUNILE

MONTANE DIN CARPAȚI

Conferința Națională Științifică a Academiei Oamenilor de Știință din România, Cercetarea științifică în serviciul dezvoltării durabile, 20-22 septembrie,

2018, Târgoviște,

T. Marușca (comunicare), V. A. Blaj, V. Mocanu

SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION ABROAD

THE LONG-TERM EFFECT ON COW’S MILK QUALITY OF METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE SUBALPINE GRASSLANDS

19th Symposium of the European Grassland Federation, ” Grassland resources for extensive farming systems in marginal lands: major drivers and future

scenarios” Alghero, Italy 7-10 May 2017

Blaj, V. A. (comunicare), Marusca, T., Andreoiu, A. C., Mocanu, V.

LONG TERM INFLUENCE OF BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF ALPINE PASTURES ON COW MILK PRODUCTION

27th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, EGF, Cork, Ireland,17-21 iunie,2018

T. Marușca, V. A. Blaj (comunicare), V. Mocanu, Andreea Andreoiu, P.M. Zevedei

TEMPORARY GRASSLAND – AN OPTIMAL ALTERNATIVE IN CROP ROTATION

27th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, EGF, Cork, Ireland,17-21 iunie,2018

V. Mocanu (comunicare), T.A. Ene, T. Marușca, V. A. Blaj, Andreea Andreoiu, Victoria Mocanu

E – Scientific communications and published works

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WORKS PUBLISHED IN COUNTRY

CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVE BY PADDOCKING WITH CATTLE OF SUBALPINE GRASSLAND FROM BUCEGI MOUNTAIN

Editura Academiei Oamenilor de Știință din România, București, 2016, (Volume 5, Number 2), PRINT ISSN 2069 – 1149, ONLINE ISSN 2344 – 2085

V. A. Blaj, T. Marușca, Andreea C. Andreoiu, Marcela M. Dragos, P. M. Zevedei

LONGEVITY OF RESEEDED GRASS SPECIES USED FOR RESTORING THE DEGRADED SUBALPINE MEADOWS

Editura academiei oamenilor de știință din România, București, 2016, (Volume 5, Number 2), PRINT ISSN 2069 – 1149, ONLINE ISSN 2344 – 2085

T. Marușca, V. A. Blaj, V. Mocanu

WORKS PUBLISHED ABROAD

AN EFFICIENT SYSTEM OF ORGANIC FARMING ON MOUNTAIN GRASSLANDS FROM CARPATHIAN

Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, vol. 19, 3, (42-52), TROYAN, BULGARIA, 2016, ISSN 1311-0489

T. Marușca, V. A. Blaj, V. Mocanu, T.A. Ene, Andreea Andreoiu, Marcela Dragoș, P. M. Zevedei

THE LONG-TERM EFFECT ON COW’S MILK QUALITY OF METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE SUBALPINE GRASSLANDS

Proceedings of the 19 th Symposium of the European Grassland Federation, Volume 22 Grassland Science in Europe, Pag. 109-111, 7-10 May, Alghero,

Sardinia, Italy, 2017, ISBN 978-88-901771-9-4,

V.A. Blaj, T. Marușca, Andreea Andreoiu, V. Mocanu

LONG TERM INFLUENCE OF BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF ALPINE PASTURES ON COW MILK PRODUCTION

Proceedings of the 27th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, EGF, Volume 23, Pp. 283-285, Cork, Ireland, 17-21 iunie, Book of

abstracts, Vol. 12 issue 1, 2018, ISBN 978-1-84170-643-6

T. Marușca, V. A. Blaj, V. Mocanu, Andreea Andreoiu, P.M. Zevedei

TEMPORARY GRASSLAND – AN OPTIMAL ALTERNATIVE IN CROP ROTATION

Proceedings of the 27th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, EGF, Volume 23, Pp. 996-998, Cork, Ireland,17-21 iunie, Book of

abstracts Vol. 12 issue 1, 2018, ISBN 978-1-84170-643-6

V. Mocanu, T.A. Ene, T. Marușca, V. A. Blaj, Andreea Andreoiu, Victoria Mocanu