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The Middle East Cradle of Culture and Center of Conflict. Statues and Monuments of local, national or global significance . The Ka’aba is a sacred black stone located in the Main Mosque in Mecca. The Western Wall: Remains of the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Middle EastCradle of Culture
andCenter of Conflict
Statues and Monuments of
local, national or global significance.
The Ka’aba is a sacred black stone located in the Main Mosque in
Mecca.
The Western Wall: Remains of the Temple of
Solomon in Jerusalem.
Dome of the Rock: Holy Islamic site where
Mohamed ascended into heaven.
Inside the Dome of the Rock Mosque.
Church of the Holy Sepulcher
Site of the crucifixion and burial of Jesus.
Pyramids in Egypt: tombs/monuments for
the pharaohs.
Examples of Religious themed diverse art.
Stained Glass: King David-Jerusalem.
Arabic Calligraphy decorating
a mother of pearl plaque.
A Byzantine mosaic-Istanbul Turkey.
A Turkish prayer rug, used by Muslims to
kneel and face Mecca when they pray 5 times
a day.“There is no God, but
Allah and Mohammed is His prophet.”
Prayer Rug
Baghdadlocated near Tigris
river.
Outdoor Market in Baghdad
Baghdad Mosque Note: minarets.
A Suq in Baghdad
Cairo on the Nile
Istanbul on the Bosporus Straits.
The Byzantine cathedral of Hagia Sophia is located
in Istanbul.
Inside Hagia Sophia.
Hagia Sophia at Night.
The Central Mosque in Mecca.
Zagros Mtns. Overlook Tehran.
The Golan Heights in Syria.
These heights were occupied by Israel in 1967.
Birthplace of the Three Monotheistic
ReligionsBelief in One God.
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
Three religions with so much in common and so much in conflict. Whether or not they can find a common ground on which to
build a lasting peace will determine the
future of the Middle East.
Southwest Asia (North Africa & The Middle
East)
North Africa & the middle East
Leading countries according to GDP
KuwaitUnited Arab Emirates
(U.A.E.)QatarIsrael
Leading countries according to Land size
AlgeriaSaudi ArabiaLibya
Leading countries according to population
IranTurkeyEgypt
Physical CharacteristicsArea is the crossroads of Europe, Africa, and Asia
It has a primarily desert or semi-arid climate
Sahara, Sahel, and steppes are the primary vegetation region
Crossroads of ContinentsAfrica Europe Asia
Sahara--world’s largest desert, it stretches over most of North Africa and is growing
Sahel--area separating the Sahara from the tropical rainforest of Africa.
Horned Viper
Houbara
Fennec Fox
Jeroba
Desert Hedgehog
Monitor
Sand Cat
Scarab Beetle
The Sahel is an area of temperate grassland (steppe) moving into sparse desert scrub-like vegetation
Three main mountain ranges:1. Atlas Mountains in northern Algeria and Morocco
2. Taurus Mountains in southern Turkey
3. Zagros Mountains in western Iran
Atlas Mountains in MoroccoAtlas Mountains of Morocco
Even though this is a dry area, water plays a very large role
There are several large bodies of water which play a major role in world politics
Examples :Persian Gulf/Arabian Gulf
Strait of HormuzArabian SeaRed Sea
Other important bodies of water
Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Bosporus Strait, Dardanelles Strait, Nile River (longest in the world), Tigris and Euphrates (home to the world’s first civilization) and the Jordan River
The area is also subject to seasonal flooding, alluvial soils, delta regions, oases, and wadis
Seasonal flooding--several of the rivers flood regularly (Nile) which deposit rich alluvial soil for farming
The desert regions are home to many Oases (a place where fresh water makes it possible for life to exist in a dry area) and wadi (a gully or usually dry river bed cut by running water after a downpour)
Economic Characteristics:The area has a heavy reliance on Primary economic activities such as oil drilling, agriculture and herding/grazing
The area is the home of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
Many countries in the area still belong today
Major producers of the world’s oil
Provide large oil revenues
Positive effects--jobs, revenue, position of power
Negative effects--reliance on one industry, pollution, unequal distribution of wealth
Water is the region’s MOST PRECIOUS resource
Aswan High Dam has had positive and negative effects on the region.
Suez Canal enhanced shipping routes in the region
Suez Canal *The 101-mile waterway
connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.
* The Suez Canal is used to transport goods to and from all three continents.
Positive effects of the Aswan High damControls flooding, recreation areas, power
Negative effects of the Aswan high Damland losing fertility, lost homes when dam built,
There is a great variation in the standard of living in the region.
It ranges from the relatively high to the poverty stricken.
There is also a wide range of per capita income and differing levels of development
Trade has been important to the region from the earliest time.
Today regional conflicts and political unrest have affected trade and tourism
The area today has contemporary trade routes (sea lanes)
Cultural Characteristics:The area has experienced rapid urbanization
Most modernization has centered around urban areas and more traditional life has continued in the rural areas
Large percentage of the population is under the age of 15 due to conflict, disease and the hardships associated with the region.
The population is generally unevenly distributed due to the environment and resources
All but three of the countries are Arab nations and they use the Arabic language.
Turkey, Iran and Israel are the non-Arab countries
North Africa and Southwest Asia are the birthplace to three major monotheistic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
All three claim similar holy places and the dominant group has changed over the years.
Since 1949, the region has been in conflict over the area known as Palestine. This area is present day Israel.
Sinai Peninsul
alocated between
Egypt and the Arabian Peninsul
a
Much of the region has a nomadic lifestyle
NOMADIC-to wander from place to place behind a food source or for other reasons
The art of the region reflects the diversity of the religions;
stained glass, geometric tiles, calligraphy, mosaics, and prayer rugs
Cities as centers of trade and culture:
Baghdad, IraqCairo, EgyptIstanbul, TurkeyJerusalem, IsraelMecca, Saudi ArabiaTehran, Iran
Cultural LandscapeMosques, minaretsChurch of the Holy Sepulcher
Hagia Sophiabazaars, sugsWestern Wall (of Jerusalem)
Dome of the RockKa’abaPyramidsOil rigswalled cities
Sahara desert
Oasis
Stained Glass/Mosaics
Prayer Rugs
Oil Rigs
Ka’aba
Dome of the Rock
Hagia Sophia
Church of the Holy Sepulcher
Pyramids
Western Wall
Western Wall