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From World Development Indicators
The Little Green Data Book
Agriculture
Forests and biodiversity
Oceans
Energy and emissions
Water and sanitation
Environment and health
National accounting aggregates
12
2012 THE LITTLE GREENDATA BOOK
Copyright ©2012 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK
1818 H Street, N.W.Washington, D.C. 20433
U.S.A.
All rights reservedManufactured in the United States of America
First printing June 2012
ISBN: 978-0-8213-8993-5eISBN: 978-0-8213-9517-2
DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8993-5SKU: 18993
The Little Green Data Book 2012 is a product of theDevelopment Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency
and the Environment Department of the World Bank.
Design by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, D.C.Cover design by Peter Grundy Art & Design, London, U.K.
iiiThe Little Green Data Book 2012
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v
Focus: Oceans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Data notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Regional tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
East Asia and Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Europe and Central Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
South Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Income group tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Low income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Middle income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Lower middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Upper middle income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Low and middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
High income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Euro area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Contents
iv 2012 The Little Green Data Book
The Little Green Data Book 2012 is based on World Development Indicators
2012 and its accompanying CD-ROM. Defining, gathering, and disseminating
international statistics is a collective effort of many people and organizations.
The indicators presented in World Development Indicators are the fruit of
decades of work at many levels, from the field workers who administer
censuses and household surveys to the committees and working parties
of the national and international statistical agencies that develop the
nomenclature, classifications, and standards fundamental to the international
statistical system. Nongovernmental organizations have also made important
contributions. We are indebted to the World Development Indicators partners,
as detailed in World Development Indicators 2012.
The Little Green Data Book 2012 is the result of close collaboration between
the staff of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice
Presidency and the Environment Department of the Sustainable Development
Vice Presidency. Liu Cui, Mahyar Eshragh-Tabary, Peter Kristensen, Glenn-
Marie Lange, Elisabeth Mealey, Esther Naikal, Urvashi Narain, William Prince,
Jomo Tariku, and John Virdin contributed to its preparation. Azita Amjadi and
Alison Kwong coordinated the production of the book. Staff from External
Affairs oversaw publication and distribution of the book.
Acknowledgments
vThe Little Green Data Book 2012
ForewordWelcome to The Little Green Data Book 2012, which comes to you in the year
of the Rio+20 Conference, marking the 20th anniversary of the 1992 United
Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro. World
leaders and thousands of other participants from governments, the private
sector, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders, will come together
in June in Rio de Janeiro to discuss progress and challenges in balancing
the social, economic, and environmental pillars of sustainable development.
While substantial progress has been made on the economic and social
pillars, environmental goals are far from being met, partly due to the lack
of measurement of natural capital and the goods and services it provides.
Recognizing this need, for nearly 15 years the World Bank has constructed
global comprehensive wealth accounts, including natural capital accounts
for agricultural land, forests, protected areas, and subsoil assets. Measures
of natural resource depletion have been included in The Little Green Data
Book through the Adjusted Net Savings indicators, and last year’s edition
introduced a new indicator, adjusted Net National Income, which provides
a broader measure of national income that accounts for the depletion of
energy, mineral and forest resources. These measures, along with efforts of
the World Bank–facilitated partnership—Wealth Accounting and Valuation of
Ecosystem Services (WAVES)—aim to help countries incorporate their natural
resources into their national accounts to make better economic decisions.
This year’s edition of The Little Green Data Book includes a focus story on
oceans and its ecosystem services, as well as estimates of global marine
fisheries wealth accounts—a first step in capturing the value of this important
resource stock. A new set of ocean-related indicators are also introduced,
highlighting the role of oceans in economic development and providing
policy makers the information to make better decisions for the sustainable
management of oceans. These and other related data are freely available
online at data.worldbank.org as part of the World Bank’s Open Data Initiative.
For more than a decade, The Little Green Data Book has served as a knowledge
resource that aids policy makers in using environmental data more effectively
to support priority-setting and improve development outcomes. It is the
result of close collaboration between the Development Data Group of the
Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department
of the Sustainable Development Vice Presidency of the World Bank. We
welcome your suggestions on how to improve future editions and make
them even more useful.
Shaida Badiee Mary Barton-Dock
Director Director
Development Data Group Environment
vi 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Focus: OceansThe oceans cover some 71 percent of the Earth’s surface, and are both an
engine for global economic growth and a key source of our food security. An
estimated 61 percent of the world’s total Gross National Income (GNI) comes
from the areas within 100 kilometers of the coastline, and the oceans as a
whole provide 16 percent of animal protein for the entire population (UNEP,
2006; FAO, 2010). The economy supported by the oceans is broad, and
includes transport and shipping, oil, gas and minerals extraction, tourism
and fisheries, among others. Ocean fisheries and aquaculture alone support
some 250 million livelihoods around the world and produce seafood with
a first sale value of more than US$190 billion. Data on current fisheries
production and on growth in capture fisheries and aquaculture production
have been included this year in the country tables.
Within this ocean economy, many of the goods and services depend
specifically on a healthy ‘living ocean’, i.e., healthy ocean ecosystems. The
wealth of seafood, nature-based tourism, coastal protection, carbon storage
and a vast array of other goods and services (‘ecosystem services’) can only
be provided by a healthy living ocean. However, ocean ecosystem services
are currently contributing far less to global economic growth than they could
be, largely as a result of human actions changing the underlying natural
systems. With the exponential increases in population growth and economic
activity that occurred over the last half century, the environmental status
of the living ocean is changing at a rate and scale not seen since the rise
of modern civilization.
• Overfishing: 85 percent of the world’s ocean fisheries are fully exploited,
over-exploited or depleted, causing annual global efficiency losses
of $50 billion. With better management, global fisheries can be a
substantial source of economic return and wealth for countries,
particularly Small Island Developing States (see Box 1);
• Pollution: excess nitrogen runoff from fertilizers has resulted in large
‘dead zones’ in the ocean, covering some 250,000 km2—an area
the size of Great Britain;
• Habitat loss or conversion: an estimated 35 percent of global mangrove
area has been lost or converted, approximately 20 percent of the
planet’s coral reefs have been destroyed in the last few decades,
with more than a further 20 percent being degraded, and 30 percent
of sea grass beds have been destroyed.
Data on marine protected areas and area under mangroves and coral reefs
have been included in the country tables this year, identifying the countries
where these coastal habitats are still a prominent source of ecosystem
services.
Climate change is also affecting the ocean in ways that we are only beginning
to understand. Addressing the key drivers of the declining health of oceans—
overfishing, pollution and habitat loss—is therefore all the more important
to give the oceans the best chance to adapt to the changes caused by a
warming climate.
viiThe Little Green Data Book 2012
Enhancing the health of the oceans represents a significant opportunity—
to create a portfolio of sustainable ecosystem services that contribute to
economic growth. Countries around the world have started to recognize the
opportunity of sustainable socio-economic returns from the oceans, but
actions have not yet been implemented at a scale sufficient to truly impact
the provision of ocean ecosystem services to the global economy. Public
and private finance together with a coordinated global effort is needed for
the oceans. The World Bank has initiated the Global Partnership for Oceans
<www.globalpartnershipforoceans.org> whose aim is to sustainably enhance
the economic, social, and ecological performance of the ocean’s ecosystems
and living resources. One of the many efforts under this partnership will
be to further improve access to data on ocean resources to support policy
making for sustainable management of oceans.
Focus: OceansBox 1. Fisheries Wealth
The World Bank’s global comprehensive wealth accounts have included
natural capital accounts for agricultural land, forests, protected areas,
and subsoil assets. Wealth accounts for global marine fisheries—what
they are now and what they could be under better management—have
been estimated for the first time this year.
Results reveal the critical condition of today’s marine fisheries, where
global marine fisheries as a whole are not providing positive economic
returns. Rebuilding fisheries by defining clear access rights, removing
harmful subsidies, and cooperatively managing shared fish stocks can
result in potentially enormous economic gains: global fisheries wealth is
estimated to increase from $120 billion to $900 billion, with the potential
for the greatest gains in Asia (graph below). In addition, marine fisheries
are particularly important for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and
many coastal communities both in the developing and developed worlds,
where SIDS across all regions benefit with substantially higher levels of
fisheries wealth when fisheries are rebuilt and sustainably managed.
Sumaila, et al., Marine Fisheries as a Source of Sustainable Wealth of
Nations. Working paper presented at 2012 AAAS Annual Meeting, February
2012.
0South, CentralAmerica andCaribbean
Africa Asia Europe NorthAmerica
Oceania World
100
Fish
erie
s W
ealt
h (U
S$
Bill
ion)
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000Current Fisheries Wealth
Potential Fisheries Wealth
Rebuilding the World’s Fisheries
The data in this book are for the most recent year available as noted in
the Glossary.
• Growth rates are calculated as annual averages and represented as
percentages.
• Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income
economies only.
• Figures in italics indicate data for years or periods other than those
specified in the Glossary.
Symbols used:
.. indicates that data are not available or that aggregates cannot
be calculated because of missing data.
0 or 0.0 indicates zero or small enough that the number would round
to zero at the displayed number of decimal places.
$ indicates current U.S. dollars.
Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for
smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The term country
(used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence
or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which
the authorities report separate social or economic statistics.
The selection of indicators in these pages includes some of those being
used to monitor progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. For
more information about the eight goals—halving poverty and increasing
well-being by 2015—please see the other books in the World Development
Indicators 2012 family of products.
Data notes
viii 2012 The Little Green Data Book
1The Little Green Data Book 2012
Regional tablesThe country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical
regions and may differ from common geographic usage.
East Asia and Pacific
American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic
Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall
Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Palau,
Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand,
Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vietnam.
Europe and Central Asia
Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,
Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania,
Russian Federation, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,
Uzbekistan.
Latin America and the Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico,
Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St.
Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Uruguay, República Bolivariana
de Venezuela.
Middle East and North Africa
Algeria, Djibouti, Arab Republic of Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq,
Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, West
Bank and Gaza, Republic of Yemen.
South Asia
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka.
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia,
Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
9,0697,689
50.72.2
38992123
31.10.2
12.33,1053,4016,213
10,987
167,4830.28.0
10.0284,300150,405
1,78810.0
2,80366.616.14.8
6,2587.370888196624779
43....
58
22.513.04.22.10.50.00.40.3
10.4
2 2012 The Little Green Data Book
WorldPopulation (millions) 6,894.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129,711 GDP ($ billions) 63,243.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,6963,264
45.93.3
49585135
29.6-0.115.0
96,1363.59.31.4
137,69056,537
1,43611.8
2,09580.316.24.3
4,5069.973908497665776
56....
24
48.410.72.23.81.30.01.01.1
32.6
3The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 1,961.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15,854 GDP ($ billions) 7,630.5
East Asia & Pacific
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7,2725,72764.10.3
283,204
126
38.60.07.5
5,573–3.1–0.910.4
..
..
2,8311.9
3,85965.418.0
7.8
12,8855.063969199848087
23....
23
23.912.2
3.68.60.80.00.80.44.8
4 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 405.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22,748 GDP ($ billions) 3,059.0
Europe & Central Asia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7,7336,894
79.32.0
363,663
131
47.00.5
20.2
13,464–1.611.213.1
15,28039,997
1,24517.0
1,89237.855.5
2.8
23,3231.668948198795984
30....
23
20.912.1
4.73.81.60.00.30.47.4
5The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 582.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20,116 GDP ($ billions) 4,980.8
Latin America & Caribbean
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,8743,09158.0
2.5
232,627
132
2.4–0.13.9
3,6142.9
13.42.0
5,700217
1,3990.9
1,49793.4
4.93.8
69570.0
86898194888094
66....
34
19.210.74.3
12.40.40.10.70.9
–1.6
6 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 331.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,641 GDP ($ billions) 1,207.0
Middle East & North Africa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,1761,11130.1
2.7
55521123
17.1–0.15.9
13,5672.98.41.7
15,44010,343
51426.8517
81.613.61.2
1,23633.4
91908895382860
68101167
32.79.22.92.31.10.60.80.7
20.9
7The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 1,633.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4,771 GDP ($ billions) 2,090.3
South Asia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,17694637.44.0
45322130
28.00.6
11.7
6,1901.8
16.35.8
18,55027,815
68957.3511
65.218.2
0.8
4,6352.284614983312342
46..
15121
18.010.9
3.69.41.90.50.50.5
–2.1
8 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 853.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,588 GDP ($ billions) 1,097.9
Sub-Saharan Africa
9The Little Green Data Book 2012
For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion
for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Each
economy in The Little Green Data Book is classified as low income, middle
income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes
referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it
is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing
similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or
final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily
reflect development status. Note: Classifications are fixed during the World
Bank’s fiscal year (ending on June 30), thus countries remain in the categories
in which they are classified irrespective of any revisions to their per capita
income data.
Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $1,005 or less
in 2010.
Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than
$1,005 but less than $12,276. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-
income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,975.
High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,276 or more.
Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary
Union of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia,
and Spain.
Income group tables
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
528472
28.33.7
38288133
27.60.6
10.7
10,7253.94.8
..15,12025,817
36565.922932.045.70.3
5,3814.390655786373247
56..
15108
25.17.73.01.31.21.20.30.4
15.9
10 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 796.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15,046 GDP ($ billions) 418.5
Low income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,7233,23048.3
2.5
38786130
32.80.2
12.3
127,8200.99.47.5
177,540109,093
1,25413.2
1,67572.820.6
3.4
5,9447.079908496594575
49....
51
33.811.23.35.11.30.10.70.7
18.0
11The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 4,970.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 80,672 GDP ($ billions) 19,632.1
Middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,6191,454
39.42.9
47677128
27.90.59.4
38,8882.79.94.4
144,15060,615
66526.964473.716.9
1.5
3,22712.6
88878393473466
589
1169
29.29.83.36.01.20.30.70.7
13.8
12 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2,518.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22,787 GDP ($ billions) 4,312.3
Lower middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,8845,052
57.42.3
34871131
34.60.1
13.4
88,9320.19.28.5
33,39048,478
1,8488.3
2,71472.621.65.3
8,7185.066938698736282
43....
20
35.111.63.34.81.30.00.70.7
19.1
13The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 2,452.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 57,885 GDP ($ billions) 15,317.0
Upper middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,2862,85145.5
2.6
38728130
31.90.2
12.0
138,5441.29.17.2
192,660134,910
1,16215.0
1,52571.821.03.0
5,8676.779868095564372
50....
63
33.711.13.35.01.30.10.70.7
18.0
14 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5,767.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 95,718 GDP ($ billions) 20,071.9
Low and middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial area (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
38,74532,477
77.61.0
3724,483
106
28.7–0.112.9
28,570–1.72.0
16.581,79015,495
4,8564.2
9,06461.611.611.9
8,3059.441
10098
10010099
100
23....6
17.613.9
4.60.70.20.00.20.17.1
15The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 1,127.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33,992 GDP ($ billions) 43,240.0
High income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial area (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
38,56531,527
73.60.6
4625,752
98
37.3–0.517.0
4,074–1.20.5
15.1....
3,5366.7
6,59248.610.28.0
2,95216.4
32100100100100100100
19....4
19.413.8
4.70.10.00.00.20.19.8
16 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 331.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,552 GDP ($ billions) 12,149.1
Euro area
17The Little Green Data Book 2012
China
Unless otherwise noted, data for China do not include data for Hong Kong
SAR, China; Macao SAR, China; or Taiwan, China.
Cyprus
GNI and GDP data and all data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to the
area controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus.
Georgia
GNI, GDP and population data and all data calculated using GNI, GDP and
population exclude Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia
Data for each country are shown separately where available. However, some
indicators for Serbia prior to 2006 include data for Montenegro; these data
are noted in the tables. Moreover, data for most indicators for Serbia from
1999 onward exclude data for Kosovo, which in 1999 became a territory
under international administration pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution
1244 (1999). Kosovo became a member of the World Bank on June 29,
2009, and its data are shown where available.
Moldova
GNI, GDP and population data and all data calculated using GNI, GDP and
population exclude Transnistria.
Morocco
GNI and GDP data and all data calculated using GNI and GDP include Former
Spanish Sahara.
Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antilles ceased to exist on 10 October 2010. Curaçao and St.
Maarten became countries within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Bonaire,
Saba and St. Eustatius became special municipalities of the Netherlands.
Country tables
18 2012 The Little Green Data Book
South Sudan and Sudan
Data are shown separately for South Sudan where available. However, data
reported for Sudan include South Sudan unless otherwise noted.
Tanzania
GNI and GDP data and all data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to mainland
Tanzania only.
For more information, see World Development Indicators 2012 or data
.worldbank.org.
Country tables
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
410 1,176 528390 1,111 47224.8 30.1 28.34.5 2.7 3.7
58 55 38.. 521 288
114 123 133
2.1 17.1 27.60.0 –0.1 0.60.4 5.9 10.7111452
3.4
1.0 13,567 10,725–0.5 2.9 3.9
.. 8.4 4.8
.. 1.7 ..
.. 15,440 15,120
.. 10,343 25,817
.. 514 365
.. 26.8 65.9
.. 517 229
.. 81.6 32.0
.. 13.6 45.70.0 1.2 0.3
1,645 1,236 5,38135.6 33.4 4.3
99 91 9050 90 6542 88 5778 95 8637 38 3730 28 3260 60 47
32 68 56.. 10 .... 11 15
149 67 108
.. 32.7 25.18.9 9.2 7.7
.. 2.9 3.00.0 2.3 1.30.0 1.1 1.22.6 0.6 1.20.1 0.8 0.30.8 0.7 0.4
.. 20.9 15.9
19The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 34.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 652 GDP ($ billions) 17.2
Afghanistan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,960 7,272 5,8843,165 5,727 5,05248.0 64.1 57.4
1.3 0.3 2.3
44 28 341,645 3,204 871
110 126 131
28.3 38.6 34.60.1 0.0 0.19.8 7.5 13.4
35
390
0.2
8.6 5,573 88,932–2.4 –3.1 0.1–3.4 –0.9 9.21.6 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
538 2,831 1,84812.4 1.9 8.3
1,747 3,859 2,7140.6 65.4 72.6
99.4 18.0 21.61.3 7.8 5.3
8,425 12,885 8,7184.4 5.0 5.058 63 6695 96 9394 91 8696 99 9894 84 7393 80 6295 87 82
37 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
18 23 20
13.6 23.9 35.110.6 12.2 11.62.8 3.6 3.32.2 8.6 4.80.3 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.8 0.70.2 0.4 0.72.7 4.8 19.1
20 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 27 GDP ($ billions) 11.8
Albania
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,390 3,874 5,8843,097 3,091 5,05266.5 58.0 57.4
2.9 2.5 2.3
17 23 342,254 2,627 871
117 132 131
0.6 2.4 34.60.6 –0.1 0.16.3 3.9 13.4149
36122.9
95.4 3,614 88,9320.2 2.9 0.17.6 13.4 9.2
0.29 2.0 8.5.. 5,700 33,390.. 217 48,478
1,138 1,399 1,8480.1 0.9 8.3971 1,497 2,714
99.2 93.4 72.60.8 4.9 21.63.2 3.8 5.3
322 695 8,71852.7 70.0 5.0
64 86 6683 89 9379 81 8685 94 9895 88 7388 80 6298 94 82
75 66 43.. .. .... .. ..
36 34 20
53.6 19.2 35.111.3 10.7 11.64.5 4.3 3.3
17.8 12.4 4.80.2 0.4 1.30.1 0.1 0.00.6 0.7 0.70.3 0.9 0.7
29.8 –1.6 19.1
21The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 35.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,382 GDP ($ billions) 162.0
Algeria
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 3,696 5,884
.. 3,264 5,05293.0 45.9 57.4
2.6 3.3 2.3
25 49 34.. 585 871
99 135 131
90.0 29.6 34.60.0 -0.1 0.10.3 15.0 13.4
1891
0.3
5.3 96,136 88,93227.3 3.5 0.1
.. 9.3 9.217.0 1.4 8.5220 137,690 33,3900.52 56,537 48,478
.. 1,436 1,848
.. 11.8 8.3
.. 2,095 2,714
.. 80.3 72.6
.. 16.2 21.6
.. 4.3 5.3
.. 4,506 8,718
.. 9.9 5.0
.. 73 66
.. 90 93
.. 84 86
.. 97 98
.. 66 73
.. 57 62
.. 76 82
.. 56 43
.. .. ..
.. .. ..
.. 24 20
.. 48.4 35.1
.. 10.7 11.6
.. 2.2 3.3
.. 3.8 4.8
.. 1.3 1.3
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 19.1
22 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 68 Land area (sq. km) 200 GDP ($ millions) ..
American Samoa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
41,750 38,745.. 32,477
88.0 77.62.0 1.0
38 37.. 24,483.. 106
34.0 28.70.0 –0.16.1 12.9
2100
0.0
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.66.5 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
15 23.. .... ..4 6
.. 17.614.0 13.9
3.1 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.00.1 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
23The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 85 Land area (sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) 3.7
Andorra
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,940 1,176 1,6192,092 946 1,45458.5 37.4 39.4
5.3 4.0 2.9
47 45 47340 322 677144 130 128
46.9 28.0 27.90.2 0.6 0.5
12.4 11.7 9.415233934
8.3
260 6,190 38,8883.4 1.8 2.7
.. 16.3 9.90.07 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,150312 27,815 60,615
641 689 66560.1 57.3 26.9202 511 64423.9 65.2 73.776.1 18.2 16.91.4 0.8 1.5
7,976 4,635 3,2270.4 2.2 12.633 84 8851 61 8738 49 8360 83 9358 31 4719 23 3485 42 66
56 46 58.. .. 9.. 15 11
161 121 69
17.9 18.0 29.212.1 10.9 9.82.3 3.6 3.3
35.1 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 0.30.3 0.5 0.71.8 0.5 0.7
–29.2 –2.1 13.8
24 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 19.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,247 GDP ($ billions) 84.4
Angola
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
13,280 7,733 5,884.. 6,894 5,052
30.3 79.3 57.41.0 2.0 2.3
30 36 341,698 3,663 871
106 131 131
22.7 47.0 34.60.0 0.5 0.17.0 20.2 13.4
21
174
0.7
2.3 13,464 88,9324.9 –1.6 0.1
.. 11.2 9.20.70 13.1 8.5240 15,280 33,3908.4 39,997 48,478
1,699 1,245 1,848.. 17.0 8.3.. 1,892 2,714.. 37.8 72.6.. 55.5 21.6
5.1 2.8 5.3
592 23,323 8,7183.3 1.6 5.020 68 66
.. 94 93
.. 81 8695 98 98
.. 79 73
.. 59 6298 84 82
12 30 43.. .. .... .. ..8 23 20
–1.7 20.9 35.112.7 12.1 11.62.2 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.3
.. 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.7
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 7.4 19.1
25The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 88 Land area (sq. km) 440 GDP ($ billions) 1.2
Antigua and Barbuda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
8,620 7,733 5,8847,364 6,894 5,05292.4 79.3 57.4
1.4 2.0 2.3
51 36 3412,957 3,663 871
95 131 131
10.7 47.0 34.60.8 0.5 0.15.5 20.2 13.438493735
17.7
814 13,464 88,9321.9 –1.6 0.1
11.5 11.2 9.21.1 13.1 8.5
.. 15,280 33,390
.. 39,997 48,478
1,853 1,245 1,8483.1 17.0 8.3
2,759 1,892 2,71464.1 37.8 72.627.8 55.5 21.64.8 2.8 5.3
6,889 23,323 8,7184.0 1.6 5.066 68 6696 94 9380 81 8698 98 9890 79 7377 59 6291 84 82
60 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
14 23 20
23.1 20.9 35.112.1 12.1 11.66.0 4.7 3.34.5 3.8 4.80.4 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.4 0.3 0.71.6 0.4 0.7
10.1 7.4 19.1
26 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 40.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,737 GDP ($ billions) 368.7
Argentina
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,200 7,272 1,6192,796 5,727 1,45463.7 64.1 39.4–1.0 0.3 2.9
62 28 474,723 3,204 677
131 126 128
9.2 38.6 27.91.4 0.0 0.58.0 7.5 9.4
912
31
0.2
5.6 5,573 38,888–7.1 –3.1 2.7–0.1 –0.9 9.9
.. 10.4 4.4
.. .. 144,150
.. .. 60,615
843 2,831 6650.0 1.9 26.9
1,550 3,859 64420.3 65.4 73.735.6 18.0 16.9
1.8 7.8 1.5
2,223 12,885 3,22736.4 5.0 12.6
66 63 8898 96 8797 91 8399 99 9390 84 4780 80 3495 87 66
61 23 588 .. 9
17 .. 1120 23 69
18.1 23.9 29.29.9 12.2 9.82.2 3.6 3.30.0 8.6 6.01.0 0.8 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.4 0.8 0.72.2 0.4 0.76.8 4.8 13.8
27The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 9.4
Armenia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47746.9 77.6
2.4 1.0
11 37.. 24,483.. 106
2.2 28.7.. –0.1
0.1 12.921
151
0.3
0.15 28,570–4.9 –1.7
.. 2.00.0 16.5
<50 81,7900.71 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.621.7 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41100 100100 98100 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.95.3 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
28 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 108 Land area (sq. km) 180 GDP ($ millions) ..
Aruba
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
46,200 38,74538,708 32,477
89.1 77.61.5 1.0
53 3735,208 24,483
103 106
19.4 28.70.2 –0.1
10.6 12.95552
10327
87.7
241 28,570–1.0 –1.79.0 2.0
28.3 16.548,960 81,790
9,910 15,495
5,971 4,8564.4 4.2
11,113 9,06492.7 61.6
4.7 11.618.6 11.9
22,413 8,3054.6 9.474 41
100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
14 23.. .... ..5 6
25.1 17.614.6 13.94.5 4.62.2 0.74.3 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.20.0 0.18.2 7.1
29The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 22.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 7,682 GDP ($ billions) 1,131.6
Australia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
47,030 38,74538,551 32,477
67.6 77.60.6 1.0
38 3725,771 24,483
101 106
47.2 28.7–0.1 –0.122.9 12.9
37
119
0.3
2.5 28,570–2.1 –1.7–1.8 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
3,784 4,85617.6 4.2
7,944 9,06428.2 61.661.4 11.6
8.1 11.9
6,575 8,3054.7 9.4
3 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
27 23.. .... ..4 6
24.9 17.614.1 13.95.3 4.60.1 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.20.2 0.1
15.6 7.1
30 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 8.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 82 GDP ($ billions) 379.1
Austria
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,330 7,272 5,8842,858 5,727 5,052
52.2 64.1 57.41.0 0.3 2.3
58 28 341,241 3,204 871
115 126 131
11.3 38.6 34.60.0 0.0 0.17.1 7.5 13.4
714100
0.8
2.1 5,573 88,932–16.6 –3.1 0.1–1.0 –0.9 9.2
.. 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
1,338 2,831 1,8480.0 1.9 8.3
1,620 3,859 2,71487.8 65.4 72.612.2 18.0 21.6
5.4 7.8 5.3
907 12,885 8,71835.2 5.0 5.0
76 63 6680 96 9371 91 8688 99 9882 84 7378 80 6286 87 82
29 23 433 .. ..
11 .. ..46 23 20
49.5 23.9 35.112.0 12.2 11.6
3.4 3.6 3.334.5 8.6 4.8
0.0 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.9 0.8 0.70.4 0.4 0.75.1 4.8 19.1
31The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 9.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 83 GDP ($ billions) 51.8
Azerbaijan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
20,610 38,74517,805 32,477
84.1 77.61.7 1.0
1 3715,764 24,483
108 106
51.4 28.70.0 –0.1
13.7 12.976
284
3.6
11.6 28,5702.2 –1.7
.. 2.00.41 16.5
3,150 81,790875 15,495
2,156 4,856.. 4.2.. 9,064.. 61.6.. 11.6
6.5 11.9
59 8,305.. 9.4.. 41.. 100.. 98
98 100100 100100 99100 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..16 6
25.0 17.613.2 13.9
3.8 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
32 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 343 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) 7.5
Bahamas, The
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
18,730 38,74512,619 32,477
88.6 77.64.7 1.0
9 37.. 24,483
117 106
1.3 28.7–8.4 –0.11.3 12.9
3380
0.0
13.5 28,5702.6 –1.7
.. 2.00.65 16.5570 81,7900.65 15,495
8,096 4,8560.0 4.2
9,214 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.621.4 11.9
3 8,305219.8 9.4
45 41.. 100.. 98
100 100.. 100.. 99
100 100
45 23.. .... ..
10 6
45.4 17.66.7 13.93.0 4.6
30.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.8 0.20.3 0.1
10.6 7.1
33The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (sq. km) 760 GDP ($ billions) 20.6
Bahrain
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
700 1,176 528665 1,111 47228.1 30.1 28.33.5 2.7 3.7
70 55 38507 521 288121 123 133
11.1 17.1 27.60.2 –0.1 0.61.8 5.9 10.7343018151.4
3,035 13,567 10,7255.0 2.9 3.9
10.1 8.4 4.80.81 1.7 ..<50 15,440 15,120
4,951 10,343 25,817
201 514 36529.8 26.8 65.9252 517 229
95.9 81.6 32.04.1 13.6 45.70.3 1.2 0.3
714 1,236 5,3812.9 33.4 4.388 91 9081 90 6580 88 5785 95 8656 38 3755 28 3257 60 47
121 68 565 10 ..
10 11 1548 67 108
35.2 32.7 25.17.5 9.2 7.71.8 2.9 3.01.8 2.3 1.30.0 1.1 1.20.4 0.6 1.20.4 0.8 0.30.6 0.7 0.4
26.2 20.9 15.9
34 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 148.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 130 GDP ($ billions) 100.4
Bangladesh
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
12,660 38,745.. 32,477
40.8 77.61.4 1.0
44 3715,621 24,483
99 106
18.6 28.70.0 –0.10.1 12.9
32
192
0.4
3.3 28,5700.4 –1.7
.. 2.00.07 16.5
<100 81,7900.04 15,495
1,476 4,856.. 4.2.. 9,064.. 61.6.. 11.6
5.0 11.9
293 8,30576.1 9.4
33 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
34 23.. .... ..
20 6
17.2 17.612.6 13.9
7.4 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.00.3 0.20.0 0.1
.. 7.1
35The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 274 Land area (sq. km) 430 GDP ($ billions) 4.1
Barbados
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,950 7,272 5,8844,926 5,727 5,052
74.3 64.1 57.40.2 0.3 2.3
44 28 345,700 3,204 871
120 126 131
42.6 38.6 34.6–0.5 0.0 0.17.2 7.5 13.4
4420
0.0
17.2 5,573 88,932–5.8 –3.1 0.1–0.1 –0.9 9.2
.. 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
2,815 2,831 1,8486.0 1.9 8.3
3,299 3,859 2,71499.3 65.4 72.6
0.1 18.0 21.66.5 7.8 5.3
3,913 12,885 8,7187.5 5.0 5.019 63 66
100 96 9399 91 86
100 99 9893 84 7397 80 6291 87 82
7 23 43.. .. .... .. ..6 23 20
25.7 23.9 35.111.4 12.2 11.64.4 3.6 3.31.0 8.6 4.80.0 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.01.0 0.8 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
16.6 4.8 19.1
36 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 9.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 203 GDP ($ billions) 54.7
Belarus
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
45,840 38,74537,837 32,477
97.4 77.60.5 1.0
45 37.. 24,483
97 106
22.4 28.70.0 –0.1
13.8 12.932
110
0.0
23.0 28,570–3.0 –1.7–1.1 2.00.04 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
5,300 4,8564.9 4.2
7,903 9,06439.8 61.6
0.4 11.69.8 11.9
1,111 8,30534.0 9.4
1 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
21 23.. .... ..4 6
22.5 17.613.7 13.9
6.1 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.1 0.1
14.6 7.1
37The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 10.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 469.4
Belgium
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,810 7,733 1,6193,341 6,894 1,454
52.7 79.3 39.43.5 2.0 2.9
7 36 474,506 3,663 677
88 131 128
61.1 47.0 27.90.6 0.5 0.5
27.9 20.2 9.484
30271.7
119 13,464 38,88822.3 –1.6 2.721.3 11.2 9.911.9 13.1 4.4
1,330 15,280 144,150958 39,997 60,615
571 1,245 665.. 17.0 26.9.. 1,892 644.. 37.8 73.7.. 55.5 16.9
1.3 2.8 1.5
48,019 23,323 3,2270.8 1.6 12.620 68 8898 94 8799 81 8398 98 9390 79 4787 59 3493 84 66
13 30 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
17 23 69
16.3 20.9 29.211.5 12.1 9.86.9 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.6 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.3 0.3 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
10.0 7.4 13.8
38 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 345 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.4
Belize
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
780 1,176 528684 946 47242.0 37.4 28.3
4.1 4.0 3.7
30 45 38684 322 288122 130 133
41.2 28.0 27.61.2 0.6 0.6
23.8 11.7 10.7116
2713
0.2
40.3 6,190 10,7250.2 1.8 3.9
.. 16.3 4.80.0 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,12065.7 27,815 25,817
404 689 36557.4 57.3 65.9
91 511 229100.0 65.2 32.0
0.0 18.2 45.70.5 0.8 0.3
1,197 4,635 5,3810.5 2.2 4.345 84 9075 61 6568 49 5784 83 8613 31 37
5 23 3225 42 47
48 46 5610 .. ..9 15 15
115 121 108
12.8 18.0 25.18.4 10.9 7.74.3 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.20.3 0.5 1.20.5 0.5 0.30.5 0.5 0.47.4 –2.1 15.9
39The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 8.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 111 GDP ($ billions) 6.6
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Benin
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,477100.0 77.6
0.3 1.0
0 3733,608 24,483
108 106
20.0 28.70.0 –0.15.6 12.9
41
153
1.2
0.38 28,570–1.0 –1.7
.. 2.05.0 16.5370 81,7900.18 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.66.1 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.91.9 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
40 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 65 Land area (sq. km) 50 GDP ($ billions) 5.7
Bermuda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,870 1,176 1,6191,682 1,111 1,45436.8 30.1 39.4
5.4 2.7 2.9
13 55 47465 521 677
92 123 128
84.6 17.1 27.9–0.3 –0.1 0.528.3 5.9 9.4
2718
32
1.1
0.21 13,567 38,888–3.1 2.9 2.72.0 8.4 9.9
.. 1.7 4.4
.. 15,440 144,150
.. 10,343 60,615
354 514 665.. 26.8 26.9.. 517 644.. 81.6 73.7.. 13.6 16.9
1.0 1.2 1.5
109,295 1,236 3,2270.4 33.4 12.694 91 8896 90 8794 88 83
100 95 9344 38 4729 28 3473 60 66
21 68 58.. 10 9.. 11 11
56 67 69
.. 32.7 29.210.4 9.2 9.83.2 2.9 3.30.0 2.3 6.00.0 1.1 1.23.6 0.6 0.30.4 0.8 0.70.1 0.7 0.7
.. 20.9 13.8
41The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
South Asia
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 726 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 38 GDP ($ billions) 1.5
Bhutan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,810 7,733 1,6191,467 6,894 1,45466.5 79.3 39.4
2.9 2.0 2.9
34 36 47716 3,663 677113 131 128
52.8 47.0 27.90.5 0.5 0.5
18.5 20.2 9.42034
072
12.5
7.8 13,464 38,8880.0 –1.6 2.72.6 11.2 9.9
.. 13.1 4.4
.. 15,280 144,150
.. 39,997 60,615
638 1,245 66517.7 17.0 26.9558 1,892 64461.4 37.8 73.737.5 55.5 16.91.3 2.8 1.5
31,054 23,323 3,2270.3 1.6 12.657 68 8888 94 8771 81 8396 98 9327 79 4710 59 3435 84 66
60 30 5820 .. 926 .. 1154 23 69
26.1 20.9 29.210.2 12.1 9.85.2 4.7 3.39.4 3.8 6.02.9 1.6 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.5 0.3 0.71.1 0.4 0.77.3 7.4 13.8
42 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 9.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,083 GDP ($ billions) 19.6
Bolivia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,770 7,272 5,884.. 5,727 5,052
48.6 64.1 57.40.4 0.3 2.3
42 28 3415,028 3,204 871
110 126 131
42.8 38.6 34.60.1 0.0 0.10.6 7.5 13.4
45
310
0.4
9.6 5,573 88,932.. –3.1 0.1.. –0.9 9.2
0.71 10.4 8.5.. .. 33,390.. .. 48,478
1,580 2,831 1,8483.1 1.9 8.3
2,867 3,859 2,71460.2 65.4 72.639.8 18.0 21.68.3 7.8 5.3
9,422 12,885 8,7180.9 5.0 5.0
.. 63 6699 96 9398 91 86
100 99 9895 84 7392 80 6299 87 82
19 23 43.. .. .... .. ..8 23 20
14.5 23.9 35.110.5 12.2 11.6
.. 3.6 3.31.4 8.6 4.81.4 0.8 1.3
.. 0.0 0.01.3 0.8 0.70.1 0.4 0.7
.. 4.8 19.1
43The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 GDP ($ billions) 16.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,790 1,176 5,8846,256 946 5,052
61.1 37.4 57.43.8 4.0 2.3
46 45 34447 322 871116 130 131
20.0 28.0 34.60.9 0.6 0.1
30.9 11.7 13.47
1020
1.4
0.06 6,190 88,932–14.3 1.8 0.1
.. 16.3 9.2
.. 5.8 8.5
.. 18,550 33,390
.. 27,815 48,478
1,034 689 1,84823.6 57.3 8.3
1,503 511 2,714100.0 65.2 72.6
0.0 18.2 21.62.5 0.8 5.3
1,211 4,635 8,7181.6 2.2 5.041 84 6696 61 9392 49 8699 83 9862 31 7341 23 6275 42 82
66 46 43.. .. .... 15 ..
48 121 20
26.8 18.0 35.111.6 10.9 11.6
7.6 3.6 3.30.2 9.4 4.83.2 1.9 1.30.0 0.5 0.00.2 0.5 0.70.3 0.5 0.7
18.6 –2.1 19.1
44 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 567 GDP ($ billions) 14.9
Botswana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
9,390 7,733 5,8848,873 6,894 5,05286.5 79.3 57.4
2.0 2.0 2.3
31 36 344,118 3,663 871
116 131 131
61.4 47.0 34.60.5 0.5 0.1
26.3 20.2 13.481
12284
389100.0
1,265 13,464 88,9321.2 –1.6 0.1
17.1 11.2 9.216.5 13.1 8.5
1,200 15,280 33,39012,999 39,997 48,478
1,243 1,245 1,84831.6 17.0 8.3
2,206 1,892 2,7148.1 37.8 72.6
83.8 55.5 21.62.1 2.8 5.3
28,037 23,323 8,7180.7 1.6 5.055 68 6698 94 9385 81 86
100 98 9879 79 7344 59 6285 84 82
19 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
19 23 20
16.8 20.9 35.112.2 12.1 11.6
5.2 4.7 3.31.6 3.8 4.81.7 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.70.2 0.4 0.76.1 7.4 19.1
45The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 194.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,459 GDP ($ billions) 2,087.9
Brazil
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
31,800 38,74515,642 32,477
75.7 77.63.0 1.0
2 3777,147 24,483
133 106
72.1 28.70.4 –0.1
44.0 12.93424
7980.1
2.8 28,570–0.2 –1.724.8 2.0
1.4 16.5210 81,790173 15,495
7,971 4,8560.0 4.2
8,662 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.627.5 11.9
21,693 8,3051.1 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
48 23.. .... ..7 6
61.6 17.613.2 13.9
2.0 4.629.9 0.7
0.0 0.20.0 0.00.5 0.20.1 0.12.2 7.1
46 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 399 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.3 GDP ($ millions) 10.7
Brunei Darussalam
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,280 7,272 5,8845,110 5,727 5,052
71.7 64.1 57.4–0.3 0.3 2.3
46 28 3410,923 3,204 871
103 126 131
36.2 38.6 34.6–0.8 0.0 0.19.2 7.5 13.4
71119
50.8
18.7 5,573 88,932–7.3 –3.1 0.10.0 –0.9 9.23.2 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
2,305 2,831 1,8484.3 1.9 8.3
4,401 3,859 2,71455.2 65.4 72.6
8.2 18.0 21.66.6 7.8 5.3
2,769 12,885 8,71828.7 5.0 5.0
16 63 66100 96 93100 91 86100 99 98100 84 73100 80 62100 87 82
45 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
13 23 20
24.6 23.9 35.114.3 12.2 11.6
4.1 3.6 3.30.7 8.6 4.81.3 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.8 0.8 0.71.2 0.4 0.7
10.4 4.8 19.1
47The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 7.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 109 GDP ($ billions) 47.7
Bulgaria
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
550 1,176 528470 946 47220.4 37.4 28.3
4.8 4.0 3.7
44 45 38176 322 288105 130 133
20.6 28.0 27.61.0 0.6 0.6
14.2 11.7 10.79743
0.3
14.9 6,190 10,7253.7 1.8 3.9
22.9 16.3 4.8.. 5.8 .... 18,550 15,120.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
782 4,635 5,3817.9 2.2 4.370 84 9079 61 6573 49 5795 83 8617 31 37
6 23 3250 42 47
63 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
176 121 108
6.8 18.0 25.17.9 10.9 7.74.3 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.32.8 1.9 1.21.5 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.8 0.5 0.40.5 –2.1 15.9
48 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 16.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 274 GDP ($ billions) 8.8
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Burkina Faso
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
170 1,176 528153 946 47211.0 37.4 28.3
4.8 4.0 3.7
84 45 3872 322 28865 130 133
6.7 28.0 27.62.6 0.6 0.64.8 11.7 10.7111117
20.3
17.8 6,190 10,7250.1 1.8 3.92.6 16.3 4.8
.. 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120
.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.0 0.8 0.3
1,231 4,635 5,3812.3 2.2 4.377 84 9072 61 6571 49 5783 83 8646 31 3746 23 3249 42 47
28 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
142 121 108
4.1 18.0 25.16.6 10.9 7.78.7 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.9 1.9 1.2
11.8 0.5 1.20.1 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.4
–28.6 –2.1 15.9
49The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 8.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 26 GDP ($ billions) 1.6
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Burundi
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
750 3,696 528686 3,264 47222.8 45.9 28.3
4.9 3.3 3.7
31 49 38434 585 288137 135 133
57.2 29.6 27.61.2 –0.1 0.6
25.8 15.0 10.7372442293.5
550 96,136 10,7258.0 3.5 3.9
11.8 9.3 4.80.44 1.4 ..<50 137,690 15,120728 56,537 25,817
371 1,436 36570.7 11.8 65.9131 2,095 229
95.6 80.3 32.03.9 16.2 45.70.3 4.3 0.3
8,628 4,506 5,3810.5 9.9 4.394 73 9064 90 6558 84 5787 97 8631 66 3720 57 3273 76 47
37 56 5615 .. ..20 .. 1551 24 108
13.2 48.4 25.18.9 10.7 7.71.6 2.2 3.00.0 3.8 1.30.0 1.3 1.20.1 0.0 1.20.3 1.0 0.30.4 1.1 0.45.1 32.6 15.9
50 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 14.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 177 GDP ($ billions) 11.2
Cambodia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,180 1,176 1,619968 946 1,45458.4 37.4 39.4
4.2 4.0 2.9
20 45 47743 322 677114 130 128
42.1 28.0 27.91.0 0.6 0.59.2 11.7 9.43820
11237812.5
141 6,190 38,8883.5 1.8 2.7
10.9 16.3 9.90.39 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,1501,962 27,815 60,615
361 689 66564.1 57.3 26.9271 511 64429.9 65.2 73.770.0 18.2 16.9
0.3 0.8 1.5
14,237 4,635 3,2270.3 2.2 12.676 84 8877 61 8752 49 8395 83 9349 31 4736 23 3458 42 66
58 46 58.. .. 9.. 15 11
136 121 69
20.4 18.0 29.29.1 10.9 9.83.1 3.6 3.34.6 9.4 6.00.1 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.70.7 0.5 0.75.2 –2.1 13.8
51The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 19.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 473 GDP ($ billions) 22.4
Cameroon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
43,250 38,74537,869 32,477
80.6 77.61.3 1.0
7 3744,619 24,483
107 106
34.1 28.70.0 –0.17.5 12.9121535
121.5
1,089 28,570–2.8 –1.77.0 2.01.2 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
7,534 4,8564.5 4.2
15,471 9,06422.8 61.660.3 11.616.3 11.9
84,495 8,3051.6 9.412 41
100 10099 98
100 100100 100
99 99100 100
16 23.. .... ..6 6
18.8 17.614.3 13.9
4.5 4.61.8 0.70.6 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.20.1 0.16.3 7.1
52 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 34.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,094 GDP ($ billions) 1,577.0
Canada
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,270 1,176 1,6192,835 946 1,454
61.1 37.4 39.43.4 4.0 2.9
22 45 472,294 322 677
119 130 128
21.1 28.0 27.9–1.9 0.6 0.52.5 11.7 9.4
34
243
2.4
19.5 6,190 38,8885.6 1.8 2.7
.. 16.3 9.90.0 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,150
.. 27,815 60,615
213 689 665.. 57.3 26.9.. 511 644.. 65.2 73.7.. 18.2 16.9
0.6 0.8 1.5
610 4,635 3,2276.8 2.2 12.691 84 8888 61 8785 49 8390 83 9361 31 4743 23 3473 42 66
.. 46 58
.. .. 9
.. 15 1136 121 69
29.5 18.0 29.210.9 10.9 9.8
4.9 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.20.1 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.7
.. 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 13.8
53The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 496 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4.0 GDP ($ billions) 1.6
Cape Verde
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,477100.0 77.6
3.8 1.0
8 37.. 24,483
95 106
54.2 28.70.0 –0.18.7 12.9
11
182
0.6
0.13 28,570–9.1 –1.7
.. 2.01.2 16.5
230 81,79078.3 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.610.1 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 4196 100
.. 9896 10096 100
.. 9996 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
54 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 56 Land area (sq. km) 240 GDP ($ millions) ..
Cayman Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
470 1,176 528421 946 472
38.9 37.4 28.32.3 4.0 3.7
8 45 38418 322 288111 130 133
36.3 28.0 27.60.1 0.6 0.6
17.7 11.7 10.7893
171.5
35.2 6,190 10,7255.1 1.8 3.92.4 16.3 4.8
.. 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120
.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
32,653 4,635 5,3810.0 2.2 4.3
1 84 9067 61 6551 49 5792 83 8634 31 3728 23 3243 42 47
33 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
159 121 108
.. 18.0 25.17.7 10.9 7.71.1 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.20.1 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
55The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 623 GDP ($ billions) 2.0
Central African Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
620 1,176 528370 946 47227.6 37.4 28.34.5 4.0 3.7
39 45 38.. 322 288
112 130 133
9.2 28.0 27.60.6 0.6 0.69.4 11.7 10.713
912
2.2
40.0 6,190 10,725–2.8 1.8 3.9
.. 16.3 4.8
.. 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120
.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.0 0.8 0.3
1,371 4,635 5,3810.9 2.2 4.352 84 9051 61 6544 49 5770 83 8613 31 37
6 23 3230 42 47
82 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
173 121 108
.. 18.0 25.19.3 10.9 7.72.3 3.6 3.0
29.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.20.0 0.5 0.31.4 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
56 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 11.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,259 GDP ($ billions) 7.6
Chad
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
67,960 38,745.. 32,477
31.4 77.60.5 1.0
42 37.. 24,483.. 106
4.2 28.7.. –0.1
9.3 12.9........
0.0
4.5 28,5700.6 –1.7
15.2 2.00.02 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.615.6 13.9
.. 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
57The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 153 Land area (sq. km) 190 GDP ($ billions) 11.5
Channel Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
10,120 7,733 5,8848,577 6,894 5,052
89.0 79.3 57.41.6 2.0 2.3
21 36 346,267 3,663 871
101 131 131
21.8 47.0 34.6–0.3 0.5 0.116.6 20.2 13.4
20342034
15.3
3,393 13,464 88,932–3.2 –1.6 0.112.3 11.2 9.2
3.7 13.1 8.5.. 15,280 33,390.. 39,997 48,478
1,698 1,245 1,84817.5 17.0 8.3
3,283 1,892 2,71451.0 37.8 72.641.7 55.5 21.64.4 2.8 5.3
52,136 23,323 8,7181.2 1.6 5.070 68 6696 94 9375 81 8699 98 9896 79 7383 59 6298 84 82
53 30 43.. .. .... .. ..9 23 20
24.9 20.9 35.113.2 12.1 11.6
4.6 4.7 3.30.1 3.8 4.8
12.3 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.3 0.70.6 0.4 0.73.0 7.4 19.1
58 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 17.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 744 GDP ($ billions) 212.7
Chile
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,270 3,696 5,8843,746 3,264 5,05244.9 45.9 57.4
3.3 3.3 2.3
56 49 34545 585 871115 135 131
22.2 29.6 34.6–1.4 –0.1 0.116.6 15.0 13.4
7586
113374
66.6
63,245 96,136 88,9324.3 3.5 0.19.4 9.3 9.21.3 1.4 8.5
1,510 137,690 33,390208 56,537 48,478
1,695 1,436 1,8489.0 11.8 8.3
2,631 2,095 2,71480.6 80.3 72.616.7 16.2 21.65.3 4.3 5.3
2,113 4,506 8,71819.5 9.9 5.0
65 73 6691 90 9385 84 8698 97 9864 66 7356 57 6274 76 82
60 56 43.. .. .... .. ..
18 24 20
52.7 48.4 35.110.8 10.7 11.61.8 2.2 3.33.7 3.8 4.81.4 1.3 1.30.0 0.0 0.01.1 1.0 0.71.2 1.1 0.7
36.3 32.6 19.1
59The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 1,338.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,327 GDP ($ billions) 5,926.6
China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,510 7,733 5,8844,800 6,894 5,052
75.1 79.3 57.42.1 2.0 2.3
38 36 342,874 3,663 871
112 131 131
54.5 47.0 34.60.2 0.5 0.1
20.9 20.2 13.4529454
21551.5
159 13,464 88,932–2.0 –1.6 0.110.7 11.2 9.215.5 13.1 8.5940 15,280 33,390
4,079 39,997 48,478
697 1,245 1,84814.0 17.0 8.3
1,047 1,892 2,71427.2 37.8 72.671.7 55.5 21.61.5 2.8 5.3
46,261 23,323 8,7180.6 1.6 5.039 68 6692 94 9372 81 8699 98 9877 79 7363 59 6282 84 82
20 30 436 .. ..
13 .. ..22 23 20
19.8 20.9 35.111.8 12.1 11.63.9 4.7 3.37.2 3.8 4.80.5 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.70.1 0.4 0.73.8 7.4 19.1
60 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 46.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,110 GDP ($ billions) 288.2
Colombia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
750 1,176 528664 946 47228.2 37.4 28.3
2.6 4.0 3.7
83 45 38551 322 28894 130 133
1.6 28.0 27.66.7 0.6 0.60.0 11.7 10.7
5964
2.3
52.3 6,190 10,7257.5 1.8 3.9
.. 16.3 4.83.2 5.8 ..
430 18,550 15,1201.2 27,815 25,817
60 689 365.. 57.3 65.9.. 511 229.. 65.2 32.0.. 18.2 45.7
0.2 0.8 0.3
1,677 4,635 5,3810.8 2.2 4.347 84 9095 61 6597 49 5791 83 8636 31 3730 23 3250 42 47
32 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
86 121 108
.. 18.0 25.18.4 10.9 7.74.2 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.21.1 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.0 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
61The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (thousands) 735 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.9 GDP ($ millions) 541.1
Comoros
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
180 1,176 528147 946 47235.2 37.4 28.3
4.2 4.0 3.7
10 45 38173 322 288
99 130 133
68.0 28.0 27.60.2 0.6 0.6
10.0 11.7 10.730358380
19.9
239 6,190 10,7251.9 1.8 3.97.5 16.3 4.84.4 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120193 27,815 25,817
357 689 36593.7 57.3 65.9104 511 2290.4 65.2 32.0
99.6 18.2 45.70.0 0.8 0.3
14,018 4,635 5,3810.0 2.2 4.318 84 9045 61 6527 49 5779 83 8624 31 3724 23 3224 42 47
38 46 56.. .. ..
16 15 15170 121 108
.. 18.0 25.17.0 10.9 7.70.9 3.6 3.02.7 9.4 1.3
11.0 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.7 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
62 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 66.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,267 GDP ($ billions) 13.1
Congo, Dem. Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,150 1,176 1,619559 946 1,45462.1 37.4 39.43.3 4.0 2.9
31 45 47.. 322 677
116 130 128
65.6 28.0 27.90.1 0.6 0.59.4 11.7 9.4112
4637
3.6
65.2 6,190 38,8881.5 1.8 2.7
–6.9 16.3 9.932.8 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,15016.7 27,815 60,615
356 689 66551.1 57.3 26.9146 511 644
36.0 65.2 73.764.0 18.2 16.9
0.5 0.8 1.5
56,324 4,635 3,2270.0 2.2 12.6
9 84 8871 61 8732 49 8395 83 9318 31 4715 23 3420 42 66
60 46 588 .. 9
14 15 1193 121 69
22.0 18.0 29.214.1 10.9 9.82.5 3.6 3.3
59.6 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.70.9 0.5 0.7
–49.8 –2.1 13.8
63The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 342 GDP ($ billions) 11.9
Congo, Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,810 7,733 5,8846,590 6,894 5,052
64.3 79.3 57.43.3 2.0 2.3
35 36 345,596 3,663 871
113 131 131
51.0 47.0 34.6–0.1 0.5 0.120.9 20.2 13.4
91950
1129.7
48.6 13,464 88,9320.8 –1.6 0.1
21.2 11.2 9.212.2 13.1 8.5970 15,280 33,390418 39,997 48,478
1,067 1,245 1,84815.8 17.0 8.3
1,813 1,892 2,7144.9 37.8 72.6
77.8 55.5 21.61.8 2.8 5.3
24,484 23,323 8,7182.4 1.6 5.053 68 6697 94 9391 81 86
100 98 9895 79 7396 59 6295 84 82
29 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
10 23 20
15.7 20.9 35.111.9 12.1 11.66.2 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.30.1 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.70.1 0.4 0.79.7 7.4 19.1
64 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 GDP ($ billions) 35.8
Costa Rica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,160 1,176 1,619954 946 1,45450.1 37.4 39.43.4 4.0 2.9
64 45 471,056 322 677
108 130 128
32.7 28.0 27.9–0.1 0.6 0.522.6 11.7 9.4
231545
1063.4
73.5 6,190 38,888–1.4 1.8 2.715.2 16.3 9.90.07 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,15099.6 27,815 60,615
535 689 66575.2 57.3 26.9203 511 64462.0 65.2 73.735.9 18.2 16.9
0.4 0.8 1.5
3,971 4,635 3,2271.7 2.2 12.643 84 8880 61 8768 49 8391 83 9324 31 4711 23 3436 42 66
29 46 58.. .. 9.. 15 11
123 121 69
15.4 18.0 29.29.4 10.9 9.84.3 3.6 3.33.4 9.4 6.00.5 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 0.30.3 0.5 0.70.3 0.5 0.75.3 –2.1 13.8
65The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 19.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 318 GDP ($ billions) 22.8
Côte d’Ivoire
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
13,890 38,74511,493 32,477
57.8 77.6–0.1 1.0
23 3716,423 24,483
114 106
34.3 28.7–0.2 –0.113.0 12.9
71060
50.6
66.8 28,570.. –1.7.. 2.0
3.4 16.5.. 81,790.. 15,495
1,965 4,8564.2 4.2
3,712 9,06446.3 61.653.0 11.6
5.3 11.9
8,512 8,3050.6 9.4
2 4199 10097 98
100 10099 10098 9999 100
25 23.. .... ..6 6
22.6 17.612.8 13.9
4.3 4.60.7 0.70.0 0.20.2 0.00.3 0.20.3 0.1
12.7 7.1
66 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 56 GDP ($ billions) 60.9
Croatia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,520 7,733 5,8844,685 6,894 5,052
75.7 79.3 57.40.5 2.0 2.3
63 36 343,618 3,663 871
98 131 131
27.0 47.0 34.6–1.7 0.5 0.16.4 20.2 13.4141734
15512.5
55.4 13,464 88,932–9.6 –1.6 0.17.0 11.2 9.24.4 13.1 8.5
3,020 15,280 33,3904,944 39,997 48,478
1,022 1,245 1,84815.8 17.0 8.3
1,348 1,892 2,71496.2 37.8 72.6
0.9 55.5 21.62.8 2.8 5.3
3,385 23,323 8,71819.8 1.6 5.0
75 68 6694 94 9389 81 8696 98 9891 79 7381 59 6294 84 82
15 30 43.. .. .... .. ..6 23 20
.. 20.9 35.111.3 12.1 11.613.4 4.7 3.3
2.3 3.8 4.80.9 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.4 0.3 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
.. 7.4 19.1
67The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 11.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 106 GDP ($ billions) 62.7
Cuba
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,477
.. 77.6
.. 1.0
.. 37
.. 24,483
.. 106
.. 28.7
.. –0.1
.. 12.9
..
..
..
..
..
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
Curaçao
68 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 143 Land area (sq. km) 444 GDP ($ millions) ..
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
29,430 38,74517,722 32,477
70.3 77.62.1 1.0
14 377,927 24,483
87 106
18.7 28.7–0.4 –0.110.5 12.9
54
19160.5
5.5 28,570–2.9 –1.719.1 2.00.56 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
2,298 4,8561.8 4.2
4,620 9,06499.2 61.6
0.0 11.67.9 11.9
715 8,30519.3 9.4
86 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
28 23.. .... ..4 6
9.5 17.613.3 13.9
6.9 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.20.3 0.12.5 7.1
69The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9.2 GDP ($ billions) 23.1
Cyprus
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
17,890 38,74514,638 32,477
73.5 77.60.0 1.0
55 376,415 24,483
98 106
34.4 28.7–0.1 –0.115.1 12.9
2528
0.1
24.4 28,570–0.4 –1.7–0.4 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
4,004 4,8565.6 4.2
6,114 9,06461.0 61.63.0 11.6
11.2 11.9
1,254 8,30513.3 9.4
2 41100 100100 98100 100
98 10097 9999 100
17 23.. .... ..4 6
22.5 17.613.6 13.93.8 4.60.5 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.5 0.20.0 0.1
11.6 7.1
70 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 10.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 77 GDP ($ billions) 192.0
Czech Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
59,400 38,74548,547 32,477
87.2 77.60.5 1.0
62 3753,407 24,483
107 106
12.8 28.7-1.0 -0.14.9 12.9
22
151
0.2
868 28,570-2.8 -1.7-0.3 2.03.2 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
3,369 4,85616.2 4.2
6,246 9,06470.4 61.6
0.1 11.68.4 11.9
1,086 8,30510.8 9.4
36 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
16 23.. .... ..4 6
22.4 17.614.0 13.9
7.3 4.61.7 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.20.0 0.1
13.9 7.1
71The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 5.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 GDP ($ billions) 312.0
Denmark
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,270 3,874 1,6191,172 3,091 1,45488.1 58.0 39.4
3.0 2.5 2.9
73 23 4780 2,627 67798 132 128
0.3 2.4 27.90.0 -0.1 0.50.0 3.9 9.4
88
162
0.5
1.1 3,614 38,8885.5 2.9 2.7
.. 13.4 9.90.24 2.0 4.4450 5,700 144,15010.0 217 60,615
170 1,399 665.. 0.9 26.9.. 1,497 644.. 93.4 73.7.. 4.9 16.9
0.6 3.8 1.5
344 695 3,2276.3 70.0 12.616 86 8888 89 8754 81 8399 94 9350 88 4710 80 3463 94 66
49 66 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
91 34 69
33.7 19.2 29.28.5 10.7 9.8
.. 4.3 3.30.0 12.4 6.00.0 0.4 1.20.3 0.1 0.30.4 0.7 0.71.8 0.9 0.7
.. -1.6 13.8
72 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 889 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.0
Djibouti
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,740 7,733 5,8845,894 6,894 5,052
74.6 79.3 57.40.3 2.0 2.3
32 36 345,927 3,663 871
110 131 131
60.0 47.0 34.60.5 0.5 0.1
21.7 20.2 13.433
189
0.9
0.74 13,464 88,9322.1 –1.6 0.1
.. 11.2 9.20.13 13.1 8.5
<100 15,280 33,3900.10 39,997 48,478
628 1,245 1,848.. 17.0 8.3.. 1,892 2,714.. 37.8 72.6.. 55.5 21.6
1.9 2.8 5.3
.. 23,323 8,718
.. 1.6 5.0
.. 68 6695 94 9392 81 8696 98 9881 79 7384 59 6280 84 82
21 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
12 23 20
1.2 20.9 35.111.7 12.1 11.63.1 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.7
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 7.4 19.1
73The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 68 Land area (sq. km) 750 GDP ($ millions) 466.4
Dominica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,030 7,733 5,8844,451 6,894 5,05270.5 79.3 57.4
2.8 2.0 2.3
51 36 345,083 3,663 871
116 131 131
40.8 47.0 34.60.0 0.5 0.1
22.2 20.2 13.46
142127
6.0
15.5 13,464 88,932–1.5 –1.6 0.16.5 11.2 9.2
30.4 13.1 8.5610 15,280 33,390212 39,997 48,478
826 1,245 1,84821.8 17.0 8.3
1,358 1,892 2,71490.0 37.8 72.6
9.8 55.5 21.62.2 2.8 5.3
2,144 23,323 8,71816.6 1.6 5.0
64 68 6686 94 9384 81 8687 98 9883 79 7375 59 6287 84 82
16 30 437 .. ..
15 .. ..27 23 20
7.5 20.9 35.111.4 12.1 11.61.9 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.2 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.4 0.3 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
–2.6 7.4 19.1
74 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 9.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 51.8
Dominican Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,850 7,733 5,8842,998 6,894 5,052
66.9 79.3 57.42.7 2.0 2.3
30 36 342,040 3,663 871
115 131 131
39.7 47.0 34.61.7 0.5 0.1
25.1 20.2 13.4437350
1,71429.3
664 13,464 88,9321.5 –1.6 0.16.5 11.2 9.2
75.4 13.1 8.5<50 15,280 33,390
1,583 39,997 48,478
796 1,245 1,8485.4 17.0 8.3
1,115 1,892 2,71444.4 37.8 72.653.5 55.5 21.6
1.9 2.8 5.3
30,291 23,323 8,7183.6 1.6 5.092 68 6694 94 9389 81 8696 98 9892 79 7384 59 6296 84 82
20 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
20 23 20
23.1 20.9 35.110.9 12.1 11.6
1.4 4.7 3.312.9 3.8 4.8
0.0 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.4 0.3 0.70.1 0.4 0.70.2 7.4 19.1
75The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 14.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 248 GDP ($ billions) 58.0
Ecuador
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,420 3,874 1,6192,184 3,091 1,45442.8 58.0 39.4
1.7 2.5 2.9
4 23 473,265 2,627 677
118 132 128
0.1 2.4 27.9–2.3 –0.1 0.55.9 3.9 9.4179
392
2.9
1,305 3,614 38,8882.2 2.9 2.7
14.4 13.4 9.99.3 2.0 4.4
3,800 5,700 144,1505.1 217 60,615
903 1,399 6652.1 0.9 26.9
1,549 1,497 64489.9 93.4 73.7
9.3 4.9 16.92.7 3.8 1.5
23 695 3,227119.0 70.0 12.6
86 86 8899 89 8799 81 83
100 94 9395 88 4793 80 3497 94 66
88 66 588 .. 99 .. 11
22 34 69
18.2 19.2 29.210.3 10.7 9.8
4.4 4.3 3.36.8 12.4 6.00.2 0.4 1.20.1 0.1 0.30.8 0.7 0.70.7 0.9 0.73.6 –1.6 13.8
76 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 81.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 995 GDP ($ billions) 218.9
Egypt, Arab Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,380 7,733 1,6192,991 6,894 1,454
61.3 79.3 39.41.8 2.0 2.9
75 36 472,752 3,663 677
109 131 128
13.9 47.0 27.91.4 0.5 0.50.8 20.2 9.4
55
1424
0.9
40.5 13,464 38,8887.5 -1.6 2.7
10.3 11.2 9.93.1 13.1 4.4
.. 15,280 144,150252 39,997 60,615
828 1,245 66533.8 17.0 26.9845 1,892 64443.7 37.8 73.726.0 55.5 16.9
1.0 2.8 1.5
2,881 23,323 3,2275.5 1.6 12.655 68 8888 94 8776 81 8394 98 9387 79 4783 59 3489 84 66
28 30 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
16 23 69
11.2 20.9 29.210.6 12.1 9.83.0 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.6 1.20.4 0.0 0.30.2 0.3 0.70.2 0.4 0.72.7 7.4 13.8
77The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 21 GDP ($ billions) 21.2
El Salvador
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
14,550 38,7454,347 32,477
39.7 77.63.8 1.0
11 37993 24,483116 106
58.0 28.70.7 –0.1
19.2 12.919
529681.5
7.4 28,5703.5 –1.7
.. 2.02.6 16.5
.. 81,790253 15,495
2,732 4,856.. 4.2.. 9,064.. 61.6.. 11.6
7.3 11.9
38,173 8,3050.1 9.4
6 4151 10042 9866 10089 10087 9992 100
7 23.. .... ..
121 6
.. 17.618.8 13.9
1.2 4.649.4 0.7
0.0 0.20.0 0.00.5 0.20.0 0.1
.. 7.1
78 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 700 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 14.0
Country data
High-income group
Equatorial Guinea
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
79The Little Green Data Book 2012The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 5.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 101 GDP ($ billions) 2.1
Eritrea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
340 1,176 528369 946 47221.6 37.4 28.3
4.1 4.0 3.7
75 45 3866 322 28899 130 133
15.2 28.0 27.60.3 0.6 0.65.0 11.7 10.7101218
40.8
3.3 6,190 10,725.. 1.8 3.9.. 16.3 4.8
0.0 5.8 ..3,260 18,550 15,120
102 27,815 25,817
142 689 36577.4 57.3 65.9
51 511 22999.3 65.2 32.0
0.0 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
549 4,635 5,3819.2 2.2 4.395 84 9060 61 6557 49 5774 83 8613 31 37
4 23 3252 42 47
64 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
61 121 108
.. 18.0 25.17.6 10.9 7.71.7 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.4 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
14,460 38,74511,747 32,477
69.5 77.6–0.9 1.0
22 373,156 24,483
115 106
52.3 28.7–0.3 –0.120.4 12.9
1350
0.1
96.0 28,570–6.2 –1.7–2.4 2.026.5 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
3,543 4,85614.7 4.2
5,950 9,06493.1 61.6
0.4 11.613.6 11.9
9,483 8,30514.0 9.4
0 4198 10097 9899 10095 10094 9996 100
9 23.. .... ..5 6
25.3 17.613.0 13.9
5.5 4.61.3 0.70.0 0.20.3 0.00.7 0.20.0 0.1
15.6 7.1
80 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 GDP ($ billions) 19.2
Estonia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
390 1,176 528316 946 47217.6 37.4 28.34.4 4.0 3.7
35 45 38226 322 288122 130 133
12.3 28.0 27.61.0 0.6 0.6
18.4 11.7 10.733241424
8.4
18.1 6,190 10,7256.7 1.8 3.9
–1.8 16.3 4.8.. 5.8 .... 18,550 15,120.. 27,815 25,817
402 689 36592.0 57.3 65.9
46 511 22912.4 65.2 32.087.3 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
1,503 4,635 5,3814.6 2.2 4.394 84 9044 61 6534 49 5797 83 8621 31 3719 23 3229 42 47
51 46 5613 .. ..18 15 15
106 121 108
16.7 18.0 25.17.4 10.9 7.72.9 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.2 1.9 1.24.0 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.47.5 –2.1 15.9
81The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 83.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,000 GDP ($ billions) 29.7
Ethiopia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47742.5 77.6
1.8 1.0
2 37.. 24,483
102 106
0.1 28.7.. –0.1.. 12.95080
0.3
441 28,5701.8 –1.76.7 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.614.6 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
9 23.. .... .... 6
.. 17.614.1 13.9
.. 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.00.2 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
82 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 49 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.2
Faeroe Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,630 3,696 1,6193,201 3,264 1,45453.4 45.9 39.4
2.1 3.3 2.9
23 49 471,733 585 677
84 135 128
55.5 29.6 27.9–0.3 –0.1 0.51.3 15.0 9.4
6141361
3.9
42.1 96,136 38,8881.2 3.5 2.7
–10.0 9.3 9.90.06 1.4 4.4
10,020 137,690 144,150425 56,537 60,615
627 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
1.5 4.3 1.5
33,497 4,506 3,2270.3 9.9 12.661 73 8898 90 8795 84 83
100 97 9383 66 4771 57 3494 76 66
19 56 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
17 24 69
6.3 48.4 29.210.9 10.7 9.86.0 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.4 1.0 0.70.1 1.1 0.70.6 32.6 13.8
83The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 860 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 3.2
Fiji
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
47,570 38,74537,864 32,477
63.9 77.60.6 1.0
8 3747,514 24,483
101 106
72.9 28.7–0.1 –0.19.0 12.9
1461
0.2
171 28,5700.6 –1.7
–2.2 2.05.0 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
6,213 4,85620.9 4.2
15,242 9,06430.3 61.617.6 11.610.6 11.9
20,042 8,3051.5 9.4
3 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
15 23.. .... ..3 6
20.3 17.616.0 13.9
5.7 4.60.0 0.70.1 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.19.7 7.1
84 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 304 GDP ($ billions) 238.0
Finland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
42,370 38,74534,718 32,477
77.8 77.60.8 1.0
53 3757,973 24,483
98 106
29.1 28.7–0.5 –0.116.5 12.9
96
44275.3
651 28,570–1.9 –1.7–0.7 2.021.3 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
3,970 4,8565.9 4.2
7,488 9,06410.4 61.610.6 11.6
5.9 11.9
3,099 8,30515.0 9.4
12 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
12 23.. .... ..4 6
17.2 17.613.6 13.9
5.1 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.20.0 0.18.5 7.1
85The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 64.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 548 GDP ($ billions) 2,560.0
France
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47751.6 77.6
1.2 1.0
12 37.. 24,483
111 106
42.3 28.7–5.3 –0.10.4 12.9
13222474.6
13.1 28,5705.8 –1.7
–4.0 2.00.06 16.5
6,000 81,790.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.63.4 11.9
38,264 8,305.. 9.4.. 41
100 100100 98100 100
98 10097 9999 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
86 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 271 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3.7 GDP ($ millions) ..
French Polynesia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7,740 1,176 5,8844,086 946 5,052
86.0 37.4 57.43.5 4.0 2.3
20 45 341,972 322 871
115 130 131
85.4 28.0 34.60.0 0.6 0.1
15.1 11.7 13.4144
611203.0
32.2 6,190 88,9322.4 1.8 0.1
24.5 16.3 9.27.3 5.8 8.5
.. 18,550 33,3901,598 27,815 48,478
1,214 689 1,84861.8 57.3 8.3922 511 2,71446.4 65.2 72.653.2 18.2 21.6
1.7 0.8 5.3
110,997 4,635 8,7180.1 2.2 5.038 84 6687 61 9341 49 8695 83 9833 31 7330 23 6233 42 82
5 46 43.. .. .... 15 ..
74 121 20
49.7 18.0 35.113.3 10.9 11.6
3.1 3.6 3.333.0 9.4 4.8
0.0 1.9 1.30.0 0.5 0.00.1 0.5 0.70.0 0.5 0.71.6 –2.1 19.1
87The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 258 GDP ($ billions) 13.0
Gabon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
450 1,176 528390 946 47258.1 37.4 28.3
5.0 4.0 3.7
67 45 38282 322 288119 130 133
48.0 28.0 27.6–0.4 0.6 0.61.5 11.7 10.7108
234
0.1
46.4 6,190 10,7253.9 1.8 3.9
–4.3 16.3 4.80.06 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120581 27,815 25,817
84 689 365.. 57.3 65.9.. 511 229.. 65.2 32.0.. 18.2 45.7
0.3 0.8 0.3
1,784 4,635 5,3810.9 2.2 4.328 84 9089 61 6585 49 5792 83 8668 31 3765 23 3270 42 47
61 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
98 121 108
13.7 18.0 25.18.4 10.9 7.73.1 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.20.8 0.5 1.20.4 0.5 0.30.5 0.5 0.46.7 –2.1 15.9
88 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ millions) 806.5
Gambia, The
Country data
Sub-SaharanAfricagroup
Low-income group
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,690 7,272 1,6192,313 5,727 1,45452.9 64.1 39.4–0.6 0.3 2.9
36 28 471,817 3,204 677
72 126 128
39.5 38.6 27.90.1 0.0 0.53.7 7.5 9.4101090
0.6
31.1 5,573 38,888–6.0 –3.1 2.7–1.3 –0.9 9.90.45 10.4 4.4
.. .. 144,150
.. .. 60,615
723 2,831 66512.0 1.9 26.9
1,585 3,859 64413.4 65.4 73.786.6 18.0 16.9
1.2 7.8 1.5
13,179 12,885 3,2272.6 5.0 12.665 63 8898 96 8796 91 83
100 99 9395 84 4793 80 3496 87 66
54 23 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
22 23 69
10.0 23.9 29.29.7 12.2 9.82.8 3.6 3.30.2 8.6 6.00.4 0.8 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.4 0.8 0.71.5 0.4 0.70.7 4.8 13.8
89The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 11.7
Georgia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
43,070 38,74535,258 32,477
73.8 77.60.2 1.0
48 3732,866 24,483
105 106
31.8 28.7–0.2 –0.142.4 12.9
65
23130.6
263 28,570–1.9 –1.7–2.3 2.040.3 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
3,889 4,8567.8 4.2
6,779 9,06458.9 61.6
3.2 11.69.6 11.9
1,306 8,30521.0 9.4
0 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
16 23.. .... ..4 6
22.7 17.613.6 13.9
4.4 4.60.1 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.1
13.2 7.1
90 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 81.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 349 GDP ($ billions) 3,280.5
Germany
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,230 1,176 1,6191,044 946 1,454
51.5 37.4 39.44.2 4.0 2.9
68 45 47.. 322 677
119 130 128
21.7 28.0 27.92.0 0.6 0.5
14.7 11.7 9.4161344
1171.9
361 6,190 38,888–0.6 1.8 2.718.2 16.3 9.90.01 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,150137 27,815 60,615
388 689 66569.8 57.3 26.9265 511 644
23.2 65.2 73.776.8 18.2 16.9
0.4 0.8 1.5
1,272 4,635 3,2271.8 2.2 12.666 84 8886 61 8780 49 8391 83 9314 31 478 23 34
19 42 66
21 46 586 .. 9
20 15 1174 121 69
20.8 18.0 29.29.3 10.9 9.84.7 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.06.5 1.9 1.21.5 0.5 0.30.3 0.5 0.70.0 0.5 0.78.6 –2.1 13.8
91The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-SaharanAfricagroup
Lowermiddle-incomegroup
Population (millions) 24.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 228 GDP ($ billions) 31.3
Ghana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,477100.0 77.6
0.4 1.0
.. 37
.. 24,483
.. 106
0.0 28.7.. –0.1
4.7 12.952
140
0.0
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.00.0 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
5,597 4,8560.0 4.2
5,947 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.614.4 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
92 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 29 Land area (sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Gibraltar
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
26,950 38,74522,274 32,477
61.4 77.60.8 1.0
64 37.. 24,483
86 106
30.3 28.7–0.8 –0.116.2 12.9
101075522.8
196 28,570–2.3 –1.713.2 2.0
2.6 16.5.. 81,790.. 15,495
2,609 4,8563.4 4.2
5,540 9,06486.6 61.6
8.8 11.68.7 11.9
5,141 8,30512.7 9.4
89 41100 10099 98
100 10098 10097 9999 100
31 23.. .... ..4 6
4.8 17.613.6 13.93.2 4.60.2 0.70.1 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.5 0.1
–6.7 7.1
93The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
GreecePopulation (millions) 11.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129 GDP ($ billions) 301.1
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
26,020 38,745.. 32,477
84.0 77.60.3 1.0
1 37.. 24,483
101 106
0.0 28.7.. –0.1
40.5 12.96070
1.1
209 28,5701.9 –1.7
.. 2.036.3 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.610.2 11.9
10,662,187 8,305.. 9.4.. 41
100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.614.4 13.9
.. 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.00.4 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
94 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 57 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) 1.3
Country data
High-income group
Greenland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,960 7,733 5,884.. 6,894 5,052
31.0 79.3 57.40.2 2.0 2.3
35 36 342,932 3,663 871
97 131 131
50.0 47.0 34.60.0 0.5 0.11.7 20.2 13.4
31
183
0.6
2.5 13,464 88,9321.3 –1.6 0.1
.. 11.2 9.20.02 13.1 8.5150 15,280 33,3901.4 39,997 48,478
784 1,245 1,848.. 17.0 8.3.. 1,892 2,714.. 37.8 72.6.. 55.5 21.6
2.4 2.8 5.3
.. 23,323 8,718
.. 1.6 5.0
.. 68 66
.. 94 93
.. 81 8697 98 9897 79 7397 59 6296 84 82
19 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
11 23 20
–5.6 20.9 35.112.3 12.1 11.6
3.8 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.3
.. 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.7
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 7.4 19.1
95The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 104 Land area (sq. km) 340 GDP ($ millions) 773.3
Grenada
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47793.2 77.6
1.6 1.0
35 37.. 24,483
111 106
48.1 28.70.0 –0.1
26.4 12.92
1483
0.2
0.42 28,570–2.4 –1.7–2.5 2.00.77 16.5220 81,7900.97 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41100 100100 98100 10099 10098 9999 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
96 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 179 Land area (sq. km) 540 GDP ($ millions) ..
Guam
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,740 7,733 1,6192,438 6,894 1,454
49.5 79.3 39.43.3 2.0 2.9
41 36 472,803 3,663 677
122 131 128
34.1 47.0 27.91.3 0.5 0.5
30.6 20.2 9.416102572
8.0
44.7 13,464 38,8885.9 –1.6 2.7
17.5 11.2 9.912.5 13.1 4.4
.. 15,280 144,150177 39,997 60,615
701 1,245 66552.1 17.0 26.9548 1,892 64442.7 37.8 73.723.3 55.5 16.9
0.9 2.8 1.5
7,781 23,323 3,2272.6 1.6 12.655 68 8892 94 8787 81 8398 98 9378 79 4770 59 3487 84 66
68 30 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
32 23 69
13.3 20.9 29.210.5 12.1 9.82.9 4.7 3.30.5 3.8 6.00.6 1.6 1.20.7 0.0 0.30.3 0.3 0.70.2 0.4 0.73.4 7.4 13.8
97The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 14.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 107 GDP ($ billions) 41.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Guatemala
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
400 1,176 528329 946 47235.4 37.4 28.3
3.9 4.0 3.7
58 45 38242 322 288107 130 133
26.6 28.0 27.60.5 0.6 0.66.8 11.7 10.7221365222.3
110 6,190 10,7254.7 1.8 3.9
16.2 16.3 4.80.0 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,1202,033 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
23,153 4,635 5,3810.7 2.2 4.384 84 9074 61 6565 49 5790 83 8618 31 3711 23 3232 42 47
54 46 568 .. ..
16 15 15130 121 108
10.5 18.0 25.18.2 10.9 7.72.3 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.3
12.0 1.9 1.22.3 0.5 1.20.3 0.5 0.30.6 0.5 0.4
–10.6 –2.1 15.9
98 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 10.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 246 GDP ($ billions) 4.5
Guinea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
590 1,176 528530 946 47230.0 37.4 28.3
2.3 4.0 3.7
58 45 38.. 322 288
98 130 133
71.9 28.0 27.60.5 0.6 0.6
16.1 11.7 10.712
532
40.6
6.8 6,190 10,7251.2 1.8 3.9
.. 16.3 4.845.8 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,1202,982 27,815 25,817
67 689 365.. 57.3 65.9.. 511 229.. 65.2 32.0.. 18.2 45.7
0.2 0.8 0.3
10,781 4,635 5,3810.6 2.2 4.382 84 9064 61 6553 49 5791 83 8620 31 37
9 23 3244 42 47
45 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
150 121 108
.. 18.0 25.18.0 10.9 7.72.3 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.20.5 0.5 1.20.3 0.5 0.30.8 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
99The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 1.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 878.5
Guinea-Bissau
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,870 7,733 1,6192,486 6,894 1,454
28.5 79.3 39.40.0 2.0 2.9
9 36 473,265 3,663 677
100 131 128
77.2 47.0 27.90.0 0.5 0.55.0 20.2 9.4103
2821
3.0
45.7 13,464 38,8881.0 –1.6 2.7
12.1 11.2 9.90.0 13.1 4.4
.. 15,280 144,150396 39,997 60,615
667 1,245 665.. 17.0 26.9.. 1,892 644.. 37.8 73.7.. 55.5 16.9
2.0 2.8 1.5
320,048 23,323 3,2270.7 1.6 12.698 68 8894 94 8793 81 8398 98 9384 79 4782 59 3488 84 66
22 30 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
30 23 69
15.1 20.9 29.210.2 12.1 9.8
3.4 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 6.06.0 1.6 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.6 0.3 0.70.1 0.4 0.71.7 7.4 13.8
100 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 755 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 GDP ($ billions) 2.2
Guyana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
670 7,733 528600 6,894 47249.6 79.3 28.34.5 2.0 3.7
67 36 38.. 3,663 288
106 131 133
3.7 47.0 27.60.7 0.5 0.60.3 20.2 10.7
5132026
5.2
8.5 13,464 10,7252.4 –1.6 3.9
.. 11.2 4.80.0 13.1 ..
450 15,280 15,120136 39,997 25,817
263 1,245 36571.2 17.0 65.9
36 1,892 22971.3 37.8 32.028.7 55.5 45.70.3 2.8 0.3
1,319 23,323 5,3818.6 1.6 4.378 68 9069 94 6551 81 5785 98 8617 79 3710 59 3224 84 47
33 30 5628 .. ..24 .. 15
165 23 108
23.2 20.9 25.18.2 12.1 7.71.5 4.7 3.00.0 3.8 1.30.0 1.6 1.20.6 0.0 1.20.3 0.3 0.30.5 0.4 0.4
15.1 7.4 15.9
101The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 10.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 6.7
Haiti
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,870 7,733 1,6191,741 6,894 1,45448.8 79.3 39.4
3.2 2.0 2.9
29 36 472,041 3,663 677
103 131 128
46.4 47.0 27.92.2 0.5 0.5
18.2 20.2 9.479
271077.2
38.6 13,464 38,888–1.9 –1.6 2.711.0 11.2 9.91.9 13.1 4.4810 15,280 144,150628 39,997 60,615
592 1,245 66544.3 17.0 26.9678 1,892 644
54.9 37.8 73.742.5 55.5 16.91.2 2.8 1.5
12,877 23,323 3,2271.2 1.6 12.658 68 8887 94 8779 81 8395 98 9377 79 4769 59 3485 84 66
34 30 5817 .. 916 .. 1124 23 69
16.9 20.9 29.210.1 12.1 9.83.5 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.5 1.6 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.4 0.3 0.70.2 0.4 0.79.2 7.4 13.8
102 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 7.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 112 GDP ($ billions) 15.4
Honduras
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
32,780 38,74528,134 32,477
100.0 77.61.1 1.0
.. 37
.. 24,483
.. 106
.. 28.7
.. –0.141.8 12.9
22013
6..
172 28,570–1.4 –1.7–4.2 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
2,133 4,8560.4 4.2
5,925 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.65.5 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
29.3 17.613.2 13.9
3.1 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
103The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 7.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.0 GDP ($ billions) 224.5
Hong Kong SAR, China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
12,860 38,74510,602 32,477
68.3 77.60.0 1.0
64 378,522 24,483
94 106
22.4 28.7–0.6 –0.15.1 12.9
2898
0.2
20.5 28,570–4.7 –1.7–1.1 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
2,480 4,8567.1 4.2
3,773 9,06448.7 61.6
0.6 11.65.4 11.9
599 8,3055.4 9.4
6 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
15 23.. .... ..6 6
21.5 17.612.9 13.95.2 4.60.5 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.20.0 0.1
12.9 7.1
104 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 10.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 91 GDP ($ billions) 128.6
Hungary
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
32,640 38,74525,909 32,477
92.3 77.61.2 1.0
23 3756,880 24,483
104 106
0.3 28.7–6.2 –0.119.7 12.9
50
120
0.7
1,066 28,570–1.7 –1.72.9 2.03.9 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
16,405 4,8560.0 4.2
51,259 9,0640.0 61.6
72.9 11.67.0 11.9
533,754 8,3050.1 9.442 41
100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
16 23.. .... ..2 6
2.0 17.617.4 13.9
8.9 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.1
–6.7 7.1
105The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 318 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 100 GDP ($ billions) 12.6
Iceland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,270 1,176 1,6191,207 1,111 1,454
30.1 30.1 39.42.5 2.7 2.9
61 55 47489 521 677114 123 128
23.0 17.1 27.9–0.3 –0.1 0.55.0 5.9 9.49478
212291
39.9
9,348 13,567 38,8882.7 2.9 2.77.9 8.4 9.91.7 1.7 4.4
5,790 15,440 144,1504,326 10,343 60,615
560 514 66524.5 26.8 26.9571 517 644
83.8 81.6 73.711.9 13.6 16.91.5 1.2 1.5
1,197 1,236 3,22739.8 33.4 12.6
90 91 8892 90 8790 88 8397 95 9334 38 4723 28 3458 60 66
57 68 589 10 99 11 11
63 67 69
34.0 32.7 29.29.3 9.2 9.83.1 2.9 3.32.5 2.3 6.01.3 1.1 1.20.5 0.6 0.30.9 0.8 0.70.7 0.7 0.7
21.8 20.9 13.8
106 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
South Asia
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 1,224.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,973 GDP ($ billions) 1,727.1
India
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,500 3,696 1,6192,372 3,264 1,454
53.7 45.9 39.44.1 3.3 2.9
30 49 47730 585 677120 135 128
52.1 29.6 27.91.1 –0.1 0.5
14.1 15.0 9.418411914038581.0
11,600 96,136 38,8883.9 3.5 2.7
12.4 9.3 9.92.0 1.4 4.4
51,020 137,690 144,15031,894 56,537 60,615
851 1,436 66526.0 11.8 26.9590 2,095 64486.7 80.3 73.7
7.3 16.2 16.91.7 4.3 1.5
8,504 4,506 3,2275.6 9.9 12.682 73 8882 90 8774 84 8392 97 9354 66 4739 57 3473 76 66
68 56 58.. .. 9
14 .. 1135 24 69
32.9 48.4 29.210.5 10.7 9.84.3 2.2 3.35.3 3.8 6.01.3 1.3 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.5 1.0 0.70.8 1.1 0.7
18.8 32.6 13.8
107The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 239.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,812 GDP ($ billions) 706.6
Indonesia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,520 3,874 5,8843,110 3,091 5,05269.5 58.0 57.4
2.5 2.5 2.3
30 23 343,104 2,627 871
104 132 131
6.8 2.4 34.60.0 –0.1 0.17.1 3.9 13.4162029
17.3
664 3,614 88,9323.1 2.9 0.1
11.0 13.4 9.21.7 2.0 8.5
700 5,700 33,390192 217 48,478
2,951 1,399 1,8480.2 0.9 8.3
2,238 1,497 2,71496.3 93.4 72.6
3.6 4.9 21.67.4 3.8 5.3
1,757 695 8,71867.7 70.0 5.0
92 86 6696 89 9392 81 8697 94 98
100 88 73100 80 62100 94 82
55 66 43.. .. .... .. ..
26 34 20
.. 19.2 35.110.9 10.7 11.6
4.1 4.3 3.319.2 12.4 4.8
0.6 0.4 1.30.0 0.1 0.01.2 0.7 0.70.8 0.9 0.7
.. –1.6 19.1
108 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 74.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,629 GDP ($ billions) 331.0
Iran, Islamic Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,340 3,874 1,6191,061 3,091 1,45466.4 58.0 39.4
2.6 2.5 2.9
20 23 47.. 2,627 677
92 132 128
1.9 2.4 27.9–0.1 –0.1 0.50.1 3.9 9.41316110
1.6
46.0 3,614 38,8880.6 2.9 2.7
13.6 13.4 9.90.0 2.0 4.4
.. 5,700 144,150
.. 217 60,615
1,035 1,399 6650.1 0.9 26.9
1,069 1,497 64493.0 93.4 73.7
7.0 4.9 16.93.4 3.8 1.5
1,132 695 3,22787.3 70.0 12.6
79 86 8879 89 8756 81 8391 94 9373 88 4767 80 3476 94 66
110 66 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
39 34 69
.. 19.2 29.210.6 10.7 9.8
.. 4.3 3.345.7 12.4 6.00.0 0.4 1.20.0 0.1 0.31.1 0.7 0.74.0 0.9 0.7
.. –1.6 13.8
109The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 32.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 434 GDP ($ billions) 82.2
Iraq
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
41,820 38,74531,739 32,477
61.9 77.61.6 1.0
61 3713,931 24,483
91 106
10.7 28.7–2.3 –0.11.8 12.9
51
201
0.6
365 28,5702.0 –1.72.8 2.0
0.18 16.5.. 81,790.. 15,495
3,216 4,8562.2 4.2
6,034 9,06476.1 61.6
3.2 11.69.9 11.9
10,989 8,305.. 9.4.. 41
100 100100 98100 100
99 10098 99
100 100
12 23.. .... ..4 6
14.8 17.616.9 13.9
5.9 4.60.0 0.70.1 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.13.5 7.1
110 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 4.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 206.6
Ireland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
48,910 38,745.. 32,477
50.6 77.60.7 1.0
74 37.. 24,483.. 106
5.3 28.70.0 –0.1
.. 12.90020
0.0
4.8 28,5700.8 –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.613.6 13.9
.. 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
111The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 83 Land area (sq. km) 570 GDP ($ billions) 4.1
Isle of Man
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
27,180 38,74523,730 32,477
91.7 77.62.5 1.0
24 37.. 24,483
104 106
7.1 28.7–0.8 –0.117.8 12.9
151336
00.8
22.2 28,570–6.0 –1.71.5 2.0
0.45 16.5<10 81,790
.. 15,495
2,878 4,8560.1 4.2
6,608 9,06499.3 61.6
0.0 11.65.2 11.9
100 8,305101.9 9.4
58 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
23 23.. .... ..5 6
18.9 17.613.8 13.9
5.7 4.60.1 0.70.1 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.1 0.1
10.3 7.1
Population (millions) 7.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22 GDP ($ billions) 217.3
112 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Israel
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
35,700 38,74529,246 32,477
68.4 77.60.4 1.0
47 3731,254 24,483
97 106
31.1 28.7–0.9 –0.115.1 12.9
77
4761
3.8
388 28,570–2.3 –1.70.0 2.0
17.4 16.5.. 81,790.. 15,495
2,735 4,8564.3 4.2
5,271 9,06475.1 61.617.0 11.67.4 11.9
3,032 8,30523.7 9.4
44 41100 100100 98100 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
21 23.. .... ..4 6
17.1 17.613.7 13.94.4 4.60.1 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.1 0.17.5 7.1
113The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 60.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 294 GDP ($ billions) 2,061.0
Country data
High-income group
Italy
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,800 7,733 5,8844,409 6,894 5,052
53.7 79.3 57.41.0 2.0 2.3
41 36 342,758 3,663 871
106 131 131
31.1 47.0 34.60.1 0.5 0.1
18.9 20.2 13.45
1021
2064.4
19.5 13,464 88,9320.6 –1.6 0.10.9 11.2 9.24.2 13.1 8.5
1,240 15,280 33,39097.5 39,997 48,478
1,208 1,245 1,84815.9 17.0 8.3
1,902 1,892 2,71496.4 37.8 72.6
2.0 55.5 21.64.5 2.8 5.3
3,489 23,323 8,7186.2 1.6 5.034 68 6693 94 9388 81 8698 98 9880 79 7382 59 6278 84 82
29 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
24 23 20
12.9 20.9 35.111.6 12.1 11.65.8 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.6 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.6 0.3 0.70.2 0.4 0.75.6 7.4 19.1
114 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 14.3
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Jamaica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
41,850 38,74537,986 32,477
66.8 77.60.4 1.0
13 3748,794 24,483
98 106
68.5 28.70.0 –0.1
16.5 12.9283964
636.0
5,195 28,570–4.2 –1.7–0.9 2.05.5 16.5
2,900 81,7907.4 15,495
3,700 4,8561.4 4.2
7,819 9,06461.4 61.6
7.2 11.69.5 11.9
3,371 8,30520.9 9.4
63 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
25 23.. .... ..3 6
23.2 17.613.6 13.9
3.2 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.3 0.1
12.3 7.1
115The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 127.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 365 GDP ($ billions) 5,458.8
Country data
High-income group
Japan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,340 3,874 5,8844,060 3,091 5,052
78.5 58.0 57.43.6 2.5 2.3
12 23 343,401 2,627 871
110 132 131
1.1 2.4 34.60.0 –0.1 0.11.9 3.9 13.4131013
10.4
1.0 3,614 88,9321.6 2.9 0.1
11.6 13.4 9.230.0 2.0 8.5<50 5,700 33,390
.. 217 48,478
1,260 1,399 1,8480.1 0.9 8.3
2,112 1,497 2,71499.5 93.4 72.6
0.4 4.9 21.63.7 3.8 5.3
115 695 8,71899.4 70.0 5.0
65 86 6697 89 9392 81 8698 94 9898 88 7398 80 6298 94 82
29 66 431 .. ..
16 .. ..22 34 20
9.1 19.2 35.110.8 10.7 11.6
5.6 4.3 3.30.1 12.4 4.80.9 0.4 1.30.0 0.1 0.00.7 0.7 0.70.2 0.9 0.72.0 –1.6 19.1
116 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 89 GDP ($ billions) 27.6
Jordan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7,580 7,272 5,8845,108 5,727 5,05258.5 64.1 57.4
0.2 0.3 2.3
77 28 341,782 3,204 871
126 126 131
1.2 38.6 34.60.2 0.0 0.12.5 7.5 13.416201416
5.1
43.2 5,573 88,932–2.9 –3.1 0.1
–17.1 –0.9 9.2.. 10.4 8.5.. .. 33,390.. .. 48,478
4,091 2,831 1,8480.2 1.9 8.3
4,448 3,859 2,71491.3 65.4 72.6
8.7 18.0 21.615.1 7.8 5.3
4,686 12,885 8,71828.9 5.0 5.0
87 63 6695 96 9390 91 8699 99 9897 84 7398 80 6297 87 82
17 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
33 23 20
31.6 23.9 35.113.3 12.2 11.6
4.4 3.6 3.321.6 8.6 4.81.8 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.01.4 0.8 0.70.2 0.4 0.7
–2.3 4.8 19.1
117The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 16.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,700 GDP ($ billions) 149.1
Kazakhstan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
790 1,176 528706 946 472
22.2 37.4 28.33.7 4.0 3.7
48 45 38337 322 288110 130 133
6.1 28.0 27.60.3 0.6 0.6
11.8 11.7 10.7283168
1268.8
155 6,190 10,725–1.7 1.8 3.912.1 16.3 4.810.5 5.8 ..630 18,550 15,120610 27,815 25,817
474 689 36576.0 57.3 65.9147 511 229
44.1 65.2 32.031.6 18.2 45.70.3 0.8 0.3
525 4,635 5,3818.9 2.2 4.379 84 9059 61 6552 49 5782 83 8632 31 3732 23 3232 42 47
30 46 568 .. ..
17 15 1585 121 108
15.6 18.0 25.17.3 10.9 7.75.9 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.1 1.9 1.21.1 0.5 1.20.3 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.4
13.1 –2.1 15.9
118 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 40.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 569 GDP ($ billions) 31.4
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Kenya
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,000 3,696 1,619.. 3,264 1,454
44.0 45.9 39.42.8 3.3 2.9
42 49 471,463 585 677
104 135 128
14.8 29.6 27.90.0 –0.1 0.5
23.2 15.0 9.416
100
1.1
49.4 96,136 38,8882.6 3.5 2.7
–0.4 9.3 9.922.6 1.4 4.4
2,940 137,690 144,1502.6 56,537 60,615
116 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
0.3 4.3 1.5
.. 4,506 3,227
.. 9.9 12.6
.. 73 8863 90 8753 84 8377 97 9334 66 4722 57 3449 76 66
.. 56 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 1149 24 69
.. 48.4 29.26.5 10.7 9.8
.. 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.2
.. 0.0 0.30.1 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
119The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 100 Land area (sq. km) 810 GDP ($ millions) 151.2
Kiribati
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 3,696 528
.. 3,264 47263.4 45.9 28.3
1.4 3.3 3.7
24 49 38.. 585 288
100 135 133
47.1 29.6 27.61.8 –0.1 0.65.9 15.0 10.7
92413
50.7
713 96,136 10,725–4.1 3.5 3.9–2.8 9.3 4.80.11 1.4 ..
.. 137,690 15,120
.. 56,537 25,817
795 1,436 3655.4 11.8 65.9
733 2,095 22940.9 80.3 32.059.1 16.2 45.73.2 4.3 0.3
2,764 4,506 5,38111.2 9.9 4.3
76 73 9098 90 6597 84 5799 97 8680 66 3771 57 3286 76 47
56 56 56.. .. .... .. 15
33 24 108
.. 48.4 25.1
.. 10.7 7.7
.. 2.2 3.0
.. 3.8 1.3
.. 1.3 1.2
.. 0.0 1.2
.. 1.0 0.30.8 1.1 0.4
.. 32.6 15.9
120 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 24.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120 GDP ($ billions) ..
Korea, Dem. Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
19,890 38,74518,077 32,477
81.9 77.61.2 1.0
19 3719,807 24,483
108 106
64.1 28.70.1 –0.12.4 12.9
92919
31.7
3,110 28,570–1.7 –1.72.8 2.03.9 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
4,701 4,8561.3 4.2
8,980 9,06466.2 61.6
0.6 11.610.5 11.9
1,330 8,30536.5 9.4
62 4198 10088 98
100 100100 100100 99100 100
33 23.. .... ..5 6
31.6 17.612.9 13.94.3 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.20.5 0.1
22.1 7.1
121The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 48.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 97 GDP ($ billions) 1,014.5
Korea, Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,290 7,272 1,619.. 5,727 1,454.. 64.1 39.4.. 0.3 2.9
52 28 47.. 3,204 677.. 126 128
.. 38.6 27.9
.. 0.0 0.5
.. 7.5 9.4
..
..
..
..
..
.. 5,573 38,888
.. –3.1 2.7
.. –0.9 9.9
.. 10.4 4.4
.. .. 144,150
.. .. 60,615
.. 2,831 665
.. 1.9 26.9
.. 3,859 644
.. 65.4 73.7
.. 18.0 16.9
.. 7.8 1.5
.. 12,885 3,227
.. 5.0 12.6
.. 63 88
.. 96 87
.. 91 83
.. 99 93
.. 84 47
.. 80 34
.. 87 66
.. 23 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 11
.. 23 69
.. 23.9 29.210.0 12.2 9.8
.. 3.6 3.30.0 8.6 6.00.9 0.8 1.2
.. 0.0 0.3
.. 0.8 0.7
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 4.8 13.8
122 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 5.6
Kosovo
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
47,790 38,74529,967 32,477
98.4 77.61.4 1.0
8 37.. 24,483
110 106
0.3 28.7–3.5 –0.11.6 12.9
68
110
0.1
4.4 28,570–0.5 –1.7
.. 2.00.01 16.5110 81,790
0.05 15,495
11,402 4,8560.0 4.2
17,610 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.630.1 11.9
0 8,3052,465.0 9.4
54 4199 10099 9899 100
100 100100 99100 100
95 23.. .... ..
11 6
54.9 17.67.2 13.93.2 4.6
25.1 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.5 0.20.5 0.1
14.9 7.1
123The Little Green Data Book 2012
KuwaitPopulation (millions) 2.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 109.5
Country data
High-income group
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
830 7,272 528658 5,727 47236.6 64.1 28.3
0.9 0.3 3.7
55 28 38996 3,204 288101 126 133
5.0 38.6 27.6–0.7 0.0 0.66.9 7.5 10.7
612
3141.1
0.35 5,573 10,725–11.7 –3.1 3.9–5.5 –0.9 4.8
.. 10.4 ..
.. .. 15,120
.. .. 25,817
559 2,831 3650.1 1.9 65.9
1,386 3,859 22910.7 65.4 32.089.3 18.0 45.7
1.2 7.8 0.3
9,093 12,885 5,38143.7 5.0 4.3
94 63 9090 96 6585 91 5799 99 8693 84 3793 80 3294 87 47
35 23 56.. .. .... .. 15
38 23 108
21.3 23.9 25.19.2 12.2 7.76.0 3.6 3.00.7 8.6 1.36.2 0.8 1.20.0 0.0 1.21.1 0.8 0.30.5 0.4 0.49.5 4.8 15.9
124 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 192 GDP ($ billions) 4.6
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Low-income group
Kyrgyz Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,050 3,696 1,619926 3,264 1,454
33.2 45.9 39.45.8 3.3 2.9
10 49 47532 585 677125 135 128
68.2 29.6 27.90.5 –0.1 0.5
16.6 15.0 9.445234617
5.0
113 96,136 38,8882.7 3.5 2.7
11.1 9.3 9.9.. 1.4 4.4.. 137,690 144,150.. 56,537 60,615
.. 1,436 665
.. 11.8 26.9
.. 2,095 644
.. 80.3 73.7
.. 16.2 16.90.3 4.3 1.5
31,151 4,506 3,2271.3 9.9 12.693 73 8867 90 8762 84 8377 97 9363 66 4750 57 3489 76 66
45 56 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
54 24 69
20.5 48.4 29.29.4 10.7 9.81.1 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.08.3 1.3 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.2 1.0 0.70.8 1.1 0.72.9 32.6 13.8
125The Little Green Data Book 2012
Lao PDR
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lowermiddle-incomegroup
Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 231 GDP ($ billions) 7.3
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
11,640 7,272 5,8848,761 5,727 5,05268.2 64.1 57.4–0.9 0.3 2.3
29 28 343,837 3,204 871
118 126 131
53.9 38.6 34.6–0.3 0.0 0.118.0 7.5 13.4
1460
0.0
165 5,573 88,932–5.0 –3.1 0.1–6.8 –0.9 9.26.7 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
1,871 2,831 1,84830.0 1.9 8.3
2,875 3,859 2,71436.1 65.4 72.662.1 18.0 21.63.3 7.8 5.3
7,424 12,885 8,7181.2 5.0 5.012 63 6699 96 9396 91 86
100 99 9878 84 7371 80 6282 87 82
12 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
10 23 20
23.7 23.9 35.118.0 12.2 11.6
5.6 3.6 3.30.0 8.6 4.80.0 0.8 1.30.5 0.0 0.00.2 0.8 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
10.5 4.8 19.1
126 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Uppermiddle-income group
Population (millions) 2.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 62 GDP ($ billions) 24.0
Latvia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
8,880 3,874 5,8848,148 3,091 5,052
87.2 58.0 57.42.0 2.5 2.3
67 23 3441,013 2,627 871
104 132 131
13.4 2.4 34.6–0.2 –0.1 0.10.5 3.9 13.4108
221
0.2
4.6 3,614 88,9325.1 2.9 0.1
12.2 13.4 9.20.11 2.0 8.5
.. 5,700 33,390
.. 217 48,478
1,580 1,399 1,8481.8 0.9 8.3
3,130 1,497 2,71495.5 93.4 72.6
4.5 4.9 21.64.1 3.8 5.3
1,144 695 8,71828.1 70.0 5.0
60 86 66100 89 93100 81 86100 94 98
98 88 7387 80 62
100 94 82
28 66 43.. .. .... .. ..
22 34 20
12.0 19.2 35.111.8 10.7 11.61.6 4.3 3.30.0 12.4 4.80.0 0.4 1.30.0 0.1 0.00.4 0.7 0.70.2 0.9 0.71.2 –1.6 19.1
127The Little Green Data Book 2012
Lebanon
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) 39.0
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,040 1,176 1,6191,078 946 1,45426.9 37.4 39.4
4.7 4.0 2.9
77 45 47202 322 677100 130 128
1.4 28.0 27.9–0.5 0.6 0.50.5 11.7 9.4
2714
0.3
0.35 6,190 38,8887.8 1.8 2.7
14.5 16.3 9.9.. 5.8 4.4.. 18,550 144,150.. 27,815 60,615
9 689 665.. 57.3 26.9.. 511 644.. 65.2 73.7.. 18.2 16.9.. 0.8 1.5
2,433 4,635 3,2271.7 2.2 12.620 84 8878 61 8773 49 8391 83 9326 31 4724 23 3432 42 66
43 46 58.. .. 9.. 15 11
85 121 69
27.4 18.0 29.27.3 10.9 9.89.8 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.21.0 0.5 0.3
.. 0.5 0.70.1 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 13.8
128 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 2.1
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Lesotho
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
200 1,176 528172 946 472
61.5 37.4 28.34.7 4.0 3.7
27 45 38.. 322 288
121 130 133
44.9 28.0 27.60.6 0.6 0.61.8 11.7 10.718115347
2.6
8.0 6,190 10,7251.1 1.8 3.9
.. 16.3 4.80.0 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120109 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.2 0.8 0.3
52,139 4,635 5,3810.1 2.2 4.334 84 9073 61 6560 49 5788 83 8618 31 37
7 23 3229 42 47
31 46 569 .. ..
20 15 15103 121 108
–2.7 18.0 25.18.4 10.9 7.73.1 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.31.7 1.9 1.24.7 0.5 1.20.8 0.5 0.30.4 0.5 0.4
–14.0 –2.1 15.9
129The Little Green Data Book 2012
Liberia
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 4.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 96 GDP ($ millions) 986.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
12,320 3,874 5,8845,843 3,091 5,052
77.9 58.0 57.42.1 2.5 2.3
9 23 34.. 2,627 871
104 132 131
0.1 2.4 34.60.0 –0.1 0.10.1 3.9 13.412
3242
1.6
50.2 3,614 88,9323.6 2.9 0.16.4 13.4 9.2
0.05 2.0 8.5.. 5,700 33,390.. 217 48,478
3,258 1,399 1,8480.8 0.9 8.3
4,170 1,497 2,714100.0 93.4 72.6
0.0 4.9 21.69.5 3.8 5.3
96 695 8,718718.0 70.0 5.0
83 86 66.. 89 93.. 81 86.. 94 98
97 88 7396 80 6297 94 82
81 66 43.. .. .... .. ..
17 34 20
66.8 19.2 35.112.0 10.7 11.6
.. 4.3 3.329.0 12.4 4.8
0.0 0.4 1.30.0 0.1 0.00.7 0.7 0.71.8 0.9 0.7
.. –1.6 19.1
130 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,760 GDP ($ billions) 62.4
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Libya
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
137,070 38,745.. 32,477
14.2 77.60.2 1.0
38 37.. 24,483
98 106
43.8 28.70.0 –0.1
42.4 12.90000
0.0
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
15 23.. .... ..2 6
.. 17.615.5 13.9
2.4 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
131The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 36 Land area (sq. km) 160 GDP ($ billions) 4.8
Country data
High-income group
Liechtenstein
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
11,510 7,272 5,8849,465 5,727 5,052
67.2 64.1 57.4–0.6 0.3 2.3
43 28 345,996 3,204 871
110 126 131
34.5 38.6 34.6–0.5 0.0 0.114.5 7.5 13.4
3460
0.0
153 5,573 88,932–3.9 –3.1 0.1–1.9 –0.9 9.210.7 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
2,512 2,831 1,8489.8 1.9 8.3
3,431 3,859 2,71419.4 65.4 72.62.9 18.0 21.64.5 7.8 5.3
4,659 12,885 8,7189.6 5.0 5.0
3 63 6692 96 9381 91 8698 99 9886 84 7369 80 6295 87 82
15 23 43.. .. .... .. ..7 23 20
18.8 23.9 35.112.3 12.2 11.6
4.7 3.6 3.30.1 8.6 4.80.0 0.8 1.30.5 0.0 0.00.3 0.8 0.70.1 0.4 0.7
10.4 4.8 19.1
132 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 63 GDP ($ billions) 36.3
Lithuania
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
76,980 38,74558,874 32,477
82.2 77.61.5 1.0
51 3725,881 24,483
105 106
33.6 28.7–0.1 –0.120.0 12.9
0110
0.0
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
7,934 4,8563.3 4.2
14,424 9,06490.2 61.6
3.4 11.621.5 11.9
2,009 8,3051.9 9.4
0 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
13 23.. .... ..3 6
27.1 17.621.3 13.93.5 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.19.1 7.1
133The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 507 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.6 GDP ($ billions) 53.3
Luxembourg
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
34,880 38,745.. 32,477
100.0 77.62.1 1.0
.. 37
.. 24,483
.. 106
.. 28.7
.. –0.1
.. 12.90450..
1.5 28,570–2.7 –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.62.6 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
54.2 17.62.4 13.92.8 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.00.1 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
134 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 544 Land area (sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 28.0
Macao SAR, China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,570 7,272 5,8843,624 5,727 5,052
67.9 64.1 57.41.2 0.3 2.3
40 28 345,946 3,204 871
114 126 131
39.6 38.6 34.6–0.5 0.0 0.14.9 7.5 13.4
59
130
0.2
1.8 5,573 88,932.. –3.1 0.1.. –0.9 9.2.. 10.4 8.5.. .. 33,390.. .. 48,478
1,352 2,831 1,8487.0 1.9 8.3
3,442 3,859 2,71481.4 65.4 72.618.6 18.0 21.65.8 7.8 5.3
2,625 12,885 8,71816.1 5.0 5.0
12 63 66100 96 9399 91 86
100 99 9888 84 7382 80 6292 87 82
18 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
12 23 20
24.8 23.9 35.111.1 12.2 11.64.9 3.6 3.31.0 8.6 4.84.8 0.8 1.30.1 0.0 0.01.0 0.8 0.70.1 0.4 0.7
11.6 4.8 19.1
135The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 2.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 9.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Macedonia, FYR
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
430 1,176 528380 946 47230.2 37.4 28.3
4.3 4.0 3.7
70 45 38187 322 288112 130 133
21.6 28.0 27.60.4 0.6 0.63.1 11.7 10.7653585
27329.2
140 6,190 10,7251.1 1.8 3.9
20.1 16.3 4.80.12 5.8 ..
2,230 18,550 15,1202,991 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
16,746 4,635 5,3814.4 2.2 4.397 84 9046 61 6534 49 5774 83 8615 31 3712 23 3221 42 47
30 46 563 .. ..8 15 15
62 121 108
8.1 18.0 25.17.7 10.9 7.72.7 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.8 1.9 1.20.2 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.43.2 –2.1 15.9
136 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 20.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 582 GDP ($ billions) 8.7
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Madagascar
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
330 1,176 528303 946 47219.8 37.4 28.3
5.0 4.0 3.7
59 45 38169 322 288127 130 133
34.3 28.0 27.60.9 0.6 0.6
15.0 11.7 10.77
1510112
3.5
101 6,190 10,7251.4 1.8 3.9
14.9 16.3 4.8.. 5.8 .... 18,550 15,120.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
1,118 4,635 5,3815.6 2.2 4.384 84 9083 61 6580 49 5795 83 8651 31 3751 23 3249 42 47
33 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
92 121 108
13.0 18.0 25.17.5 10.9 7.74.4 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.21.8 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.47.5 –2.1 15.9
137The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 14.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 94 GDP ($ billions) 5.1
Malawi
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7,760 3,696 5,8846,545 3,264 5,052
72.2 45.9 57.44.1 3.3 2.3
24 49 346,680 585 871
114 135 131
62.3 29.6 34.60.4 –0.1 0.1
18.1 15.0 13.4704564
67413.9
2,014 96,136 88,9322.1 3.5 0.1
12.7 9.3 9.22.0 1.4 8.5
3,600 137,690 33,3907,097 56,537 48,478
2,391 1,436 1,8484.5 11.8 8.3
3,614 2,095 2,71493.7 80.3 72.66.3 16.2 21.67.6 4.3 5.3
20,752 4,506 8,7182.3 9.9 5.034 73 66
100 90 9399 84 86
100 97 9896 66 7395 57 6296 76 82
19 56 43.. .. .... .. ..6 24 20
34.1 48.4 35.112.1 10.7 11.6
4.1 2.2 3.36.9 3.8 4.80.1 1.3 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.7 1.0 0.70.0 1.1 0.7
18.5 32.6 19.1
138 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 28.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 329 GDP ($ billions) 237.8
Malaysia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,750 1,176 5,8845,071 1,111 5,05240.5 30.1 57.4
4.1 2.7 2.3
27 55 342,450 521 871
96 123 131
3.3 17.1 34.60.0 –0.1 0.1
.. 5.9 13.420
180
1.4
95.0 13,567 88,9320.8 2.9 0.1
.. 8.4 9.2
.. 1.7 8.58,920 15,440 33,390
.. 10,343 48,478
985 514 1,848.. 26.8 8.3.. 517 2,714.. 81.6 72.6.. 13.6 21.6
3.0 1.2 5.3
96 1,236 8,71815.7 33.4 5.0
0 91 6698 90 9397 88 86
100 95 9897 38 7397 28 6298 60 82
30 68 437 10 ..5 11 ..
15 67 20
12.0 32.7 35.111.8 9.2 11.65.0 2.9 3.30.0 2.3 4.80.0 1.1 1.30.0 0.6 0.00.4 0.8 0.70.2 0.7 0.75.4 20.9 19.1
139The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
South Asia
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 316 Land area (sq. km) 300 GDP ($ billions) 1.9
Maldives
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
600 1,176 528474 946 472
33.3 37.4 28.34.6 4.0 3.7
34 45 38462 322 288146 130 133
10.2 28.0 27.60.6 0.6 0.62.4 11.7 10.712
937
1.5
102 6,190 10,7251.8 1.8 3.9
28.9 16.3 4.8.. 5.8 .... 18,550 15,120.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.0 0.8 0.3
4,024 4,635 5,3816.5 2.2 4.390 84 9064 61 6551 49 5787 83 8622 31 3714 23 3235 42 47
106 46 566 .. ..
13 15 15178 121 108
18.6 18.0 25.18.4 10.9 7.73.9 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.39.8 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.20.1 0.5 0.31.7 0.5 0.47.4 –2.1 15.9
140 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 15.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,220 GDP ($ billions) 9.3
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Mali
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
19,130 38,745.. 32,477
94.7 77.61.0 1.0
28 3735,113 24,483
95 106
0.9 28.7.. –0.1
17.3 12.932
174
0.0
4.8 28,5704.3 –1.7
41.1 2.00.40 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
1,931 4,8560.0 4.2
4,416 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.66.2 11.9
122 8,30571.3 9.4
35 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..6 6
13.1 17.613.8 13.9
5.6 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.00.3 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
141The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 416 Land area (sq. km) 320 GDP ($ billions) 8.3
Malta
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,640 3,696 1,619.. 3,264 1,454
71.8 45.9 39.41.2 3.3 2.9
72 49 47.. 585 677
133 135 128
72.2 29.6 27.90.0 –0.1 0.53.1 15.0 9.4
24
110
1.3
59.7 96,136 38,88830.8 3.5 2.7
.. 9.3 9.90.61 1.4 4.4
6,110 137,690 144,150.. 56,537 60,615
610 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
1.9 4.3 1.5
.. 4,506 3,227
.. 9.9 12.6
.. 73 8894 90 8799 84 8392 97 9375 66 4753 57 3483 76 66
.. 56 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 1126 24 69
.. 48.4 29.28.5 10.7 9.86.5 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.2
.. 0.0 0.30.4 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
142 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 54 Land area (sq. km) 180 GDP ($ millions) 162.9
Marshall Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,030 1,176 1,619605 946 1,45441.4 37.4 39.43.0 4.0 2.9
38 45 47404 322 677107 130 128
0.2 28.0 27.92.7 0.6 0.50.5 11.7 9.4151132
01.3
276 6,190 38,8887.4 1.8 2.7
.. 16.3 9.932.1 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,1501.4 27,815 60,615
.. 689 665
.. 57.3 26.9
.. 511 644
.. 65.2 73.7
.. 18.2 16.90.6 0.8 1.5
118 4,635 3,22714.0 2.2 12.6
94 84 8850 61 8748 49 8352 83 9326 31 47
9 23 3451 42 66
68 46 58.. .. 9.. 15 11
111 121 69
.. 18.0 29.28.8 10.9 9.83.7 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.0
33.9 1.9 1.20.4 0.5 0.30.4 0.5 0.70.6 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 13.8
143The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 3.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,031 GDP ($ billions) 3.6
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lowermiddle-income group
Mauritania
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7,750 1,176 5,8846,772 946 5,052
42.6 37.4 57.40.8 4.0 2.3
48 45 346,401 322 871
98 130 131
17.2 28.0 34.60.5 0.6 0.14.5 11.7 13.4
61113883.3
8.4 6,190 88,932–2.9 1.8 0.110.4 16.3 9.20.28 5.8 8.5870 18,550 33,3901.2 27,815 48,478
947 689 1,848.. 57.3 8.3.. 511 2,714.. 65.2 72.6.. 18.2 21.6
3.1 0.8 5.3
2,158 4,635 8,71826.4 2.2 5.0
68 84 6699 61 9399 49 86
100 83 9889 31 7388 23 6291 42 82
14 46 43.. .. .... 15 ..
15 121 20
16.1 18.0 35.111.5 10.9 11.6
3.1 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 4.80.0 1.9 1.30.0 0.5 0.00.3 0.5 0.70.0 0.5 0.77.6 –2.1 19.1
144 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) 9.7
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Mauritius
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 1,176 5,884
.. 946 5,052
.. 37.4 57.4
.. 4.0 2.3
54 45 34.. 322 871.. 130 131
37.8 28.0 34.61.2 0.6 0.12.5 11.7 13.4
1430
0.3
21.0 6,190 88,93213.7 1.8 0.1
.. 16.3 9.20.87 5.8 8.5570 18,550 33,3907.1 27,815 48,478
.. 689 1,848
.. 57.3 8.3
.. 511 2,714
.. 65.2 72.6
.. 18.2 21.6
.. 0.8 5.3
.. 4,635 8,718
.. 2.2 5.0
.. 84 66
.. 61 93
.. 49 86
.. 83 98
.. 31 73
.. 23 62
.. 42 82
.. 46 43
.. .. ..
.. 15 ..
.. 121 20
.. 18.0 35.1
.. 10.9 11.6
.. 3.6 3.3
.. 9.4 4.8
.. 1.9 1.3
.. 0.5 0.0
.. 0.5 0.7
.. 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 19.1
145The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 204 Land area (sq. km) 370 GDP ($ millions) ..
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Mayotte
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
8,890 7,733 5,8847,405 6,894 5,052
77.8 79.3 57.41.9 2.0 2.3
53 36 343,302 3,663 871
101 131 131
33.3 47.0 34.60.4 0.5 0.1
11.1 20.2 13.4100
56152191
68.7
1,650 13,464 88,9320.6 –1.6 0.19.0 11.2 9.2
16.7 13.1 8.51,780 15,280 33,3906,557 39,997 48,478
1,559 1,245 1,8484.8 17.0 8.3
1,943 1,892 2,71481.9 37.8 72.610.2 55.5 21.64.3 2.8 5.3
3,651 23,323 8,71817.5 1.6 5.0
77 68 6696 94 9391 81 8697 98 9885 79 7379 59 6287 84 82
33 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
17 23 20
24.6 20.9 35.112.0 12.1 11.64.8 4.7 3.35.4 3.8 4.80.3 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.3 0.70.4 0.4 0.7
11.0 7.4 19.1
146 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 113.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,944 GDP ($ billions) 1,034.8
Mexico
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,740 3,696 1,619.. 3,264 1,454
22.7 45.9 39.40.1 3.3 2.9
31 49 47.. 585 677
86 135 128
91.4 29.6 27.90.0 –0.1 0.54.0 15.0 9.4
710163
2.6
30.9 96,136 38,88814.3 3.5 2.7
.. 9.3 9.90.06 1.4 4.4
4,340 137,690 144,15087.0 56,537 60,615
.. 1,436 665
.. 11.8 26.9
.. 2,095 644
.. 80.3 73.7
.. 16.2 16.90.6 4.3 1.5
.. 4,506 3,227
.. 9.9 12.6
.. 73 8894 90 8794 84 8395 97 9325 66 4715 57 3461 76 66
.. 56 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 1142 24 69
.. 48.4 29.29.7 10.7 9.8
.. 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.2
.. 0.0 0.30.1 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
147The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 111 Land area (sq. km) 700 GDP ($ millions) 297.5
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,810 7,272 1,6191,606 5,727 1,454
41.2 64.1 39.4–0.8 0.3 2.9
75 28 471,610 3,204 677
91 126 128
11.7 38.6 27.9–1.0 0.0 0.51.4 7.5 9.4
4882
0.0
10.0 5,573 38,888–1.8 –3.1 2.70.8 –0.9 9.9
.. 10.4 4.4
.. .. 144,150
.. .. 60,615
687 2,831 6653.3 1.9 26.9
1,018 3,859 64496.4 65.4 73.7
1.5 18.0 16.91.3 7.8 1.5
280 12,885 3,22716.4 5.0 12.6
40 63 8896 96 8793 91 8399 99 9385 84 4782 80 3489 87 66
33 23 587 .. 97 .. 11
19 23 69
14.7 23.9 29.28.7 12.2 9.87.7 3.6 3.30.1 8.6 6.00.0 0.8 1.20.1 0.0 0.30.6 0.8 0.70.9 0.4 0.7
11.9 4.8 13.8
148 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33 GDP ($ billions) 5.8
Moldova
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
183,150 38,745.. 32,477
100.0 77.60.7 1.0
.. 37
.. 24,483
.. 106
0.0 28.7.. –0.1
23.7 12.920
110
0.0
0.00 28,570–3.4 –1.7
.. 2.0100.0 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41100 100
.. 98100 100100 100
.. 99100 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..4 6
.. 17.615.8 13.9
1.2 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
149The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 35 Land area (sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) 6.1
Monaco
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,870 3,696 1,6191,162 3,264 1,454
57.5 45.9 39.41.2 3.3 2.9
75 49 471,524 585 677
146 135 128
7.0 29.6 27.90.7 –0.1 0.5
13.4 15.0 9.41120
10
4.2
0.09 96,136 38,888–1.6 3.5 2.7
.. 9.3 9.9
.. 1.4 4.4
.. 137,690 144,150
.. 56,537 60,615
1,194 1,436 6653.2 11.8 26.9
1,411 2,095 644100.0 80.3 73.7
0.0 16.2 16.94.1 4.3 1.5
12,833 4,506 3,2271.4 9.9 12.644 73 8882 90 8753 84 83
100 97 9351 66 4729 57 3464 76 66
101 56 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
32 24 69
29.8 48.4 29.210.9 10.7 9.8
5.1 2.2 3.317.5 3.8 6.014.8 1.3 1.20.0 0.0 0.31.6 1.0 0.72.8 1.1 0.7
–12.6 32.6 13.8
150 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,554 GDP ($ billions) 6.2
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Mongolia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,740 7,272 5,884.. 5,727 5,052
59.5 64.1 57.41.3 0.3 2.3
38 28 342,684 3,204 871
99 126 131
40.4 38.6 34.60.0 0.0 0.1
13.3 7.5 13.46
1025
10.0
1.9 5,573 88,932.. –3.1 0.1.. –0.9 9.2
0.85 10.4 8.5.. .. 33,390.. .. 48,478
1,384 2,831 1,848.. 1.9 8.3.. 3,859 2,714.. 65.4 72.6.. 18.0 21.6
3.1 7.8 5.3
.. 12,885 8,718
.. 5.0 5.0
.. 63 6698 96 9396 91 8699 99 9890 84 7387 80 6292 87 82
.. 23 43
.. .. ..
.. .. ..8 23 20
.. 23.9 35.111.4 12.2 11.6
.. 3.6 3.30.0 8.6 4.80.1 0.8 1.3
.. 0.0 0.00.4 0.8 0.7
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 4.8 19.1
151The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 632 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 13 GDP ($ billions) 4.1
Montenegro
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,850 3,874 1,6192,437 3,091 1,454
56.7 58.0 39.42.1 2.5 2.9
67 23 473,315 2,627 677
117 132 128
11.5 2.4 27.9–0.1 –0.1 0.51.5 3.9 9.418104728
3.5
1,138 3,614 38,8883.5 2.9 2.76.7 13.4 9.91.3 2.0 4.4
.. 5,700 144,150
.. 217 60,615
477 1,399 6653.2 0.9 26.9
756 1,497 64486.0 93.4 73.712.1 4.9 16.91.5 3.8 1.5
917 695 3,22743.4 70.0 12.6
87 86 8883 89 8761 81 8398 94 9370 88 4752 80 3483 94 66
23 66 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
36 34 69
31.5 19.2 29.210.5 10.7 9.85.2 4.3 3.30.0 12.4 6.01.6 0.4 1.20.0 0.1 0.30.4 0.7 0.70.1 0.9 0.7
24.1 –1.6 13.8
152 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 32.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 446 GDP ($ billions) 90.8
Morocco
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
440 1,176 528358 946 47238.4 37.4 28.3
5.7 4.0 3.7
63 45 38234 322 288
98 130 133
49.6 28.0 27.60.5 0.6 0.6
15.8 11.7 10.7122455407.2
152 6,190 10,7257.4 1.8 3.9
26.2 16.3 4.83.3 5.8 ..
1,860 18,550 15,1202,909 27,815 25,817
427 689 36581.8 57.3 65.9453 511 2290.1 65.2 32.0
99.9 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
4,388 4,635 5,3810.3 2.2 4.374 84 9047 61 6529 49 5777 83 8618 31 37
5 23 3238 42 47
24 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
135 121 108
11.0 18.0 25.17.7 10.9 7.74.0 3.6 3.03.2 9.4 1.30.1 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.43.7 –2.1 15.9
153The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 23.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 786 GDP ($ billions) 9.6
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Mozambique
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 3,696 528
.. 3,264 47233.9 45.9 28.3
2.5 3.3 3.7
19 49 38.. 585 288
126 135 133
48.6 29.6 27.61.0 –0.1 0.66.3 15.0 10.745433937
10.0
3,914 96,136 10,7257.4 3.5 3.9
27.0 9.3 4.80.31 1.4 ..
1,870 137,690 15,1205,029 56,537 25,817
316 1,436 36569.9 11.8 65.9104 2,095 229
28.5 80.3 32.071.5 16.2 45.70.3 4.3 0.3
21,071 4,506 5,3812.8 9.9 4.389 73 9083 90 6578 84 5793 97 8676 66 3773 57 3283 76 47
41 56 56.. .. .... .. 15
66 24 108
.. 48.4 25.1
.. 10.7 7.70.8 2.2 3.0
.. 3.8 1.3
.. 1.3 1.2
.. 0.0 1.2
.. 1.0 0.30.5 1.1 0.4
.. 32.6 15.9
154 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 48.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 654 GDP ($ millions) ..
Myanmar
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,510 1,176 5,8844,665 946 5,052
38.0 37.4 57.44.0 4.0 2.3
47 45 34881 322 871
90 130 131
8.9 28.0 34.60.9 0.6 0.1
14.9 11.7 13.412252725
5.2
371 6,190 88,9321.7 1.8 0.1
19.2 16.3 9.28.2 5.8 8.5
.. 18,550 33,390
.. 27,815 48,478
764 689 1,84812.0 57.3 8.3
1,576 511 2,71418.0 65.2 72.682.0 18.2 21.6
1.8 0.8 5.3
2,747 4,635 8,7181.7 2.2 5.071 84 6693 61 9390 49 8699 83 9832 31 7317 23 6257 42 82
45 46 434 .. ..
12 15 ..40 121 20
34.2 18.0 35.111.1 10.9 11.68.0 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 4.80.7 1.9 1.30.0 0.5 0.00.2 0.5 0.70.1 0.5 0.7
30.1 –2.1 19.1
155The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 2.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 823 GDP ($ billions) 12.2
Namibia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
490 1,176 528474 1,111 472
18.2 30.1 28.35.8 2.7 3.7
30 55 38238 521 288110 123 133
25.4 17.1 27.61.4 –0.1 0.6
17.0 5.9 10.7313172
2.1
49.7 13,567 10,7257.3 2.9 3.95.7 8.4 4.8
.. 1.7 ..
.. 15,440 15,120
.. 10,343 25,817
338 514 36585.8 26.8 65.9
91 517 2290.4 81.6 32.0
99.6 13.6 45.70.1 1.2 0.3
6,734 1,236 5,3814.7 33.4 4.398 91 9089 90 6588 88 5793 95 8631 38 3727 28 3248 60 47
30 68 568 10 ..
12 11 1550 67 108
33.9 32.7 25.17.8 9.2 7.74.2 2.9 3.00.0 2.3 1.30.0 1.1 1.22.5 0.6 1.20.2 0.8 0.30.1 0.7 0.4
27.6 20.9 15.9
156 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 30.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 143 GDP ($ billions) 15.7
Nepal
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
49,030 38,74539,531 32,477
82.9 77.61.5 1.0
57 3747,805 24,483
108 106
10.8 28.7–0.3 –0.112.4 12.9
42
130
0.2
456 28,570–0.2 –1.7–2.0 2.022.1 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
4,729 4,8564.4 4.2
6,896 9,06485.3 61.6
0.1 11.610.6 11.9
665 8,30511.7 9.4
1 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
30 23.. .... ..4 6
23.6 17.614.2 13.9
4.7 4.60.8 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.4 0.1
12.8 7.1
157The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 16.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 34 GDP ($ billions) 779.4
Netherlands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47765.5 77.6
2.4 1.0
14 37.. 24,483
98 106
45.9 28.70.0 –0.1
60.2 12.99
1526
2308.5
5.0 28,570–1.1 –1.73.4 2.0
17.7 16.55,980 81,790
227 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.612.9 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
53 23.. .... .... 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
158 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 247 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ millions) ..
Country data
High-income group
New Caledonia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
28,770 38,74523,937 32,477
86.8 77.61.3 1.0
44 3726,556 24,483
98 106
31.4 28.7–0.3 –0.126.2 12.9
9702319
20.2
547 28,5701.2 –1.77.0 2.0
10.8 16.5.. 81,790
261 15,495
4,032 4,8566.3 4.2
9,346 9,06428.2 61.655.7 11.6
7.8 11.9
75,768 8,3051.5 9.474 41
100 100100 98100 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
12 23.. .... ..6 6
17.1 17.614.0 13.9
7.2 4.60.7 0.70.3 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.18.5 7.1
159The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 263 GDP ($ billions) 126.7
Country data
High-income group
New Zealand
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,110 7,733 1,619965 6,894 1,45457.3 79.3 39.42.2 2.0 2.9
43 36 472,779 3,663 677
115 131 128
25.9 47.0 27.91.8 0.5 0.5
36.7 20.2 9.46
1230403.3
54.4 13,464 38,88813.3 –1.6 2.731.2 11.2 9.937.2 13.1 4.4710 15,280 144,150671 39,997 60,615
540 1,245 66545.9 17.0 26.9460 1,892 64469.1 37.8 73.78.6 55.5 16.90.8 2.8 1.5
33,221 23,323 3,2270.7 1.6 12.684 68 8885 94 8768 81 8398 98 9352 79 4737 59 3463 84 66
24 30 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
27 23 69
13.4 20.9 29.29.3 12.1 9.83.0 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.9 1.6 1.20.7 0.0 0.30.6 0.3 0.70.1 0.4 0.74.9 7.4 13.8
160 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 5.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120 GDP ($ billions) 6.6
Nicaragua
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
370 1,176 528334 946 47216.7 37.4 28.33.9 4.0 3.7
35 45 38.. 322 288
132 130 133
1.0 28.0 27.62.4 0.6 0.67.1 11.7 10.712
742
0.9
30.0 6,190 10,72511.6 1.8 3.93.4 16.3 4.8
.. 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120
.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
234 4,635 5,3817.0 2.2 4.388 84 9049 61 6539 49 57
100 83 869 31 374 23 32
34 42 47
92 46 5614 .. ..21 15 15
143 121 108
18.5 18.0 25.13.2 10.9 7.73.5 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.9 1.9 1.21.5 0.5 1.20.1 0.5 0.31.4 0.5 0.4
15.3 –2.1 15.9
161The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 15.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,267 GDP ($ billions) 5.5
Niger
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,180 1,176 1,619760 946 1,454
49.8 37.4 39.44.1 4.0 2.9
82 45 47.. 322 677
92 130 128
9.9 28.0 27.93.2 0.6 0.5
12.8 11.7 9.4261459
1716.0
818 6,190 38,8883.5 1.8 2.7
18.0 16.3 9.90.16 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,1507,356 27,815 60,615
701 689 66584.9 57.3 26.9121 511 64477.1 65.2 73.722.9 18.2 16.9
0.6 0.8 1.5
1,431 4,635 3,2273.6 2.2 12.653 84 8858 61 8743 49 8374 83 9331 31 4727 23 3435 42 66
42 46 583 .. 9
10 15 11143 121 69
.. 18.0 29.29.9 10.9 9.80.9 3.6 3.3
21.7 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.20.3 0.5 0.30.5 0.5 0.70.7 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 13.8
162 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 158.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 911 GDP ($ billions) 193.7
Nigeria
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47791.3 77.6
1.7 1.0
7 37.. 24,483.. 106
65.2 28.70.6 –0.1
12.8 12.95
15114
2.2
0.27 28,5701.7 –1.7
.. 2.028.7 16.5<50 81,7900.07 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 4198 10097 9898 10094 10096 9994 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
163The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 61 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Northern Mariana Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
87,350 38,74565,757 32,477
77.6 77.61.1 1.0
3 3746,480 24,483
103 106
32.9 28.7–0.5 –0.114.6 12.9
72
192
1.3
3,683 28,5702.6 –1.7
10.0 2.02.4 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
5,849 4,8565.1 4.2
23,550 9,0643.3 61.6
95.7 11.610.5 11.9
79,110 8,3050.8 9.429 41
100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
15 23.. .... ..3 6
35.2 17.614.5 13.96.0 4.6
10.2 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.20.0 0.1
16.4 7.1
164 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 4.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 305 GDP ($ billions) 417.5
Norway
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
18,260 38,7459,431 32,477
71.7 77.62.4 1.0
6 37.. 24,483
97 106
0.0 28.70.0 –0.1
10.7 12.99
1126
63.7
164 28,5701.6 –1.7
.. 2.01.3 16.5
530 81,79010.9 15,495
5,554 4,8560.0 4.2
5,724 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.617.3 11.9
516 8,30586.6 9.4
88 4189 10078 9893 10099 10095 99
100 100
82 23.. .... ..9 6
39.7 17.613.5 13.9
4.2 4.628.5 0.7
0.0 0.20.0 0.00.8 0.20.0 0.1
–8.5 7.1
165The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 2.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 46.9
Oman
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,050 1,176 1,619939 1,111 1,45437.0 30.1 39.43.1 2.7 2.9
34 55 47947 521 677115 123 128
2.2 17.1 27.92.0 –0.1 0.5
10.1 5.9 9.4232734
24.9
593 13,567 38,888–0.2 2.9 2.714.1 8.4 9.91.8 1.7 4.4
.. 15,440 144,150977 10,343 60,615
502 514 66534.5 26.8 26.9449 517 64467.5 81.6 73.729.4 13.6 16.9
1.0 1.2 1.5
323 1,236 3,22779.5 33.4 12.6
94 91 8892 90 8789 88 8396 95 9348 38 4734 28 3472 60 66
101 68 5814 10 922 11 1187 67 69
21.0 32.7 29.28.5 9.2 9.81.6 2.9 3.32.1 2.3 6.00.1 1.1 1.20.7 0.6 0.30.7 0.8 0.71.1 0.7 0.79.4 20.9 13.8
166 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
South Asia
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 173.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 771 GDP ($ billions) 176.9
Pakistan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,560 3,696 5,884.. 3,264 5,052
82.7 45.9 57.42.4 3.3 2.3
11 49 34.. 585 871.. 135 131
87.0 29.6 34.6–0.3 –0.1 0.12.0 15.0 13.4
44
143
1.2
1.0 96,136 88,932–0.4 3.5 0.19.4 9.3 9.25.3 1.4 8.5
1,150 137,690 33,39048.5 56,537 48,478
.. 1,436 1,848
.. 11.8 8.3
.. 2,095 2,714
.. 80.3 72.6
.. 16.2 21.610.5 4.3 5.3
.. 4,506 8,718
.. 9.9 5.0
.. 73 6685 90 9396 84 8683 97 98
100 66 73100 57 62100 76 82
.. 56 43
.. .. ..
.. .. ..19 24 20
.. 48.4 35.114.8 10.7 11.6
.. 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.3 1.3
.. 0.0 0.01.1 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 19.1
167The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 20 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) 171.3
Palau
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,970 7,733 5,8846,243 6,894 5,052
74.8 79.3 57.43.5 2.0 2.3
30 36 344,109 3,663 871
102 131 131
43.7 47.0 34.60.8 0.5 0.1
18.7 20.2 13.4151741
19210.9
170 13,464 88,9321.2 –1.6 0.13.0 11.2 9.24.0 13.1 8.5
720 15,280 33,3901,744 39,997 48,478
896 1,245 1,84810.7 17.0 8.3
1,735 1,892 2,71443.6 37.8 72.656.1 55.5 21.6
2.0 2.8 5.3
42,578 23,323 8,7180.3 1.6 5.051 68 6693 94 9383 81 8697 98 9868 79 7351 59 6275 84 82
33 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
20 23 20
19.5 20.9 35.112.3 12.1 11.6
3.5 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.70.2 0.4 0.7
10.3 7.4 19.1
168 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 74 GDP ($ billions) 26.7
Panama
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,300 3,696 1,619924 3,264 1,454
12.5 45.9 39.41.6 3.3 2.9
3 49 47683 585 677108 135 128
63.4 29.6 27.90.5 –0.1 0.53.1 15.0 9.4393742
14225.4
226 96,136 38,88811.3 3.5 2.731.2 9.3 9.90.32 1.4 4.4
13,840 137,690 144,1504,265 56,537 60,615
.. 1,436 665
.. 11.8 26.9
.. 2,095 644
.. 80.3 73.7
.. 16.2 16.90.3 4.3 1.5
119,492 4,506 3,2270.0 9.9 12.6
0 73 8840 90 8733 84 8387 97 9345 66 4741 57 3471 76 66
16 56 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
61 24 69
20.8 48.4 29.29.4 10.7 9.8
.. 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.0
22.2 1.3 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.4 1.0 0.70.0 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
169The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 6.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 453 GDP ($ billions) 9.5
Papua New Guinea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,720 7,733 1,6192,493 6,894 1,454
61.5 79.3 39.43.3 2.0 2.9
53 36 472,710 3,663 677
110 131 128
44.3 47.0 27.90.9 0.5 0.55.4 20.2 9.4
82709
2.8
4.7 13,464 38,888–9.5 –1.6 2.721.4 11.2 9.9
.. 13.1 4.4
.. 15,280 144,150
.. 39,997 60,615
749 1,245 66553.7 17.0 26.9
1,056 1,892 6440.0 37.8 73.7
100.0 55.5 16.90.7 2.8 1.5
14,822 23,323 3,2270.1 1.6 12.671 68 8886 94 8766 81 8399 98 9371 79 4740 59 3490 84 66
65 30 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
25 23 69
23.0 20.9 29.210.4 12.1 9.8
3.7 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.6 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.2 0.3 0.71.1 0.4 0.7
15.1 7.4 13.8
170 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 6.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 397 GDP ($ billions) 18.3
Paraguay
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,700 7,733 5,8844,049 6,894 5,052
71.6 79.3 57.41.7 2.0 2.3
17 36 341,607 3,663 871
123 131 131
53.1 47.0 34.60.2 0.5 0.1
13.6 20.2 13.4549820
26833.4
4,350 13,464 88,932–2.4 –1.6 0.115.2 11.2 9.2
2.8 13.1 8.5.. 15,280 33,390
53.1 39,997 48,478
550 1,245 1,84815.4 17.0 8.3
1,136 1,892 2,71441.0 37.8 72.657.6 55.5 21.61.4 2.8 5.3
56,179 23,323 8,7181.0 1.6 5.085 68 6685 94 9365 81 8691 98 9871 79 7337 59 6281 84 82
43 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
19 23 20
24.4 20.9 35.111.8 12.1 11.6
2.1 4.7 3.31.3 3.8 4.86.8 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.70.4 0.4 0.75.9 7.4 19.1
171The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 29.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,280 GDP ($ billions) 157.1
Peru
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,060 3,696 1,6191,889 3,264 1,454
66.4 45.9 39.43.6 3.3 2.9
40 49 471,119 585 677
112 135 128
25.7 29.6 27.9–0.8 –0.1 0.510.9 15.0 9.4
387471
21032.3
5,158 96,136 38,8881.8 3.5 2.76.9 9.3 9.92.5 1.4 4.4
25,060 137,690 144,1502,565 56,537 60,615
424 1,436 66517.9 11.8 26.9593 2,095 64467.4 80.3 73.715.8 16.2 16.9
0.9 4.3 1.5
5,223 4,506 3,22717.0 9.9 12.6
82 73 8892 90 8792 84 8393 97 9374 66 4769 57 3479 76 66
17 56 585 .. 99 .. 11
29 24 69
27.2 48.4 29.29.8 10.7 9.82.4 2.2 3.30.4 3.8 6.01.5 1.3 1.20.1 0.0 0.30.3 1.0 0.70.1 1.1 0.7
17.3 32.6 13.8
172 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 93.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 298 GDP ($ billions) 199.6
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Philippines
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
12,440 38,74510,180 32,477
61.2 77.60.0 1.0
53 372,994 24,483
104 106
30.7 28.7–0.3 –0.122.4 12.9
5678
0.5
220 28,570–4.2 –1.70.8 2.04.1 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
2,464 4,8567.1 4.2
3,591 9,06494.1 61.6
1.6 11.68.3 11.9
1,405 8,30519.4 9.4
10 41.. 100.. 98
100 10090 10080 9996 100
34 23.. .... ..6 6
17.5 17.612.7 13.94.9 4.61.0 0.70.4 0.20.1 0.00.6 0.20.4 0.17.4 7.1
173The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 38.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 304 GDP ($ billions) 469.4
Poland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
21,870 38,74516,929 32,477
60.7 77.61.5 1.0
40 377,019 24,483
98 106
37.8 28.7–0.2 –0.18.3 12.9118
53685.5
226 28,570–1.9 –1.7–2.2 2.03.1 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
2,266 4,85613.6 4.2
4,815 9,06462.4 61.616.7 11.65.3 11.9
3,574 8,30512.3 9.4
73 4199 100
100 9899 100
100 100100 99100 100
20 23.. .... ..4 6
10.8 17.618.4 13.9
4.9 4.60.0 0.70.1 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.1
–3.1 7.1
174 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 10.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 91 GDP ($ billions) 228.6
Portugal
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
15,500 38,745.. 32,477
98.8 77.62.2 1.0
21 37.. 24,483
103 106
62.2 28.7–3.3 –0.110.1 12.9
38
1951
4.0
1.9 28,570–0.1 –1.7–9.0 2.01.6 16.5
480 81,79073.9 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
1,790 8,30514.0 9.4
7 41.. 100.. 98.. 100.. 100.. 99.. 100
14 23.. .... .... 6
.. 17.620.0 13.9
.. 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
175The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 4.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8.9 GDP ($ billions) 96.3
Country data
High-income group
Puerto Rico
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47795.8 77.6
6.8 1.0
6 37.. 24,483
168 106
0.0 28.7.. –0.1
2.5 12.934
110
0.1
13.8 28,5704.5 –1.7
.. 2.00.25 16.5700 81,79012.3 15,495
14,911 4,8560.0 4.2
14,421 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.649.1 11.9
35 8,305455.2 9.4
59 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
31 23.. .... ..8 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.91.8 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.20.1 0.1
.. 7.1
176 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 1.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12 GDP ($ billions) 98.3
Qatar
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7,850 7,272 5,8846,427 5,727 5,05254.6 64.1 57.4–0.3 0.3 2.3
59 28 349,700 3,204 871
93 126 131
28.6 38.6 34.6–0.2 0.0 0.1
7.1 7.5 13.47
1119
40.7
11.7 5,573 88,932–16.2 –3.1 0.1–6.6 –0.9 9.233.3 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
1,602 2,831 1,84811.4 1.9 8.3
2,267 3,859 2,71452.7 65.4 72.626.9 18.0 21.6
4.4 7.8 5.3
1,969 12,885 8,7183.2 5.0 5.017 63 6689 96 9376 91 8699 99 9873 84 7354 80 6288 87 82
14 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
14 23 20
26.7 23.9 35.111.7 12.2 11.63.4 3.6 3.31.6 8.6 4.80.0 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.5 0.8 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
16.2 4.8 19.1
177The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 21.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 230 GDP ($ billions) 161.6
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Romania
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
9,900 7,272 5,8847,406 5,727 5,05272.8 64.1 57.4–0.3 0.3 2.3
13 28 342,731 3,204 871
106 126 131
49.4 38.6 34.60.0 0.0 0.19.1 7.5 13.4324935
834.1
4,191 5,573 88,932–2.9 –3.1 0.1–3.7 –0.9 9.210.8 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
4,561 2,831 1,8481.0 1.9 8.3
6,136 3,859 2,71465.5 65.4 72.617.6 18.0 21.612.0 7.8 5.3
30,405 12,885 8,7181.5 5.0 5.020 63 6697 96 9392 91 8699 99 9870 84 7359 80 6274 87 82
16 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
12 23 20
28.6 23.9 35.112.4 12.2 11.63.5 3.6 3.3
13.2 8.6 4.81.1 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.9 0.8 0.70.1 0.4 0.74.5 4.8 19.1
178 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 141.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 16,377 GDP ($ billions) 1,479.8
Russian Federation
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
520 1,176 528467 946 472
18.9 37.4 28.38.3 4.0 3.7
81 45 38.. 322 288
121 130 133
17.6 28.0 27.6–1.6 0.6 0.610.0 11.7 10.7
2012
94
0.9
9.7 6,190 10,7257.0 1.8 3.96.9 16.3 4.8
.. 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120
.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
921 4,635 5,3811.6 2.2 4.368 84 9065 61 6563 49 5776 83 8655 31 3756 23 3252 42 47
23 46 5615 .. ..14 15 1591 121 108
15.1 18.0 25.18.0 10.9 7.74.2 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.1 1.9 1.23.0 0.5 1.20.1 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.47.7 –2.1 15.9
179The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 10.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 5.6
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Rwanda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,980 3,696 1,6192,700 3,264 1,45423.4 45.9 39.4
1.1 3.3 2.9
24 49 471,748 585 677
104 135 128
60.4 29.6 27.9–1.4 –0.1 0.53.4 15.0 9.4
26
122
1.6
13.0 96,136 38,88811.4 3.5 2.7
.. 9.3 9.90.55 1.4 4.4490 137,690 144,1503.7 56,537 60,615
320 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
0.9 4.3 1.5
.. 4,506 3,227
.. 9.9 12.6
.. 73 8896 90 8796 84 8396 97 9398 66 4798 57 3498 76 66
.. 56 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 1120 24 69
.. 48.4 29.210.6 10.7 9.84.4 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.20.3 0.0 0.30.2 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
180 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 184 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.8 GDP ($ millions) 573.5
Samoa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
50,400 38,745.. 32,477
94.3 77.61.5 1.0
17 37.. 24,483.. 106
0.0 28.7.. –0.1.. 12.90000
0.0
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
8 23.. .... ..2 6
.. 17.616.3 13.9
.. 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
181The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 32 Land area (sq. km) 60 GDP ($ billions) 1.9
San Marino
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,200 1,176 1,6191,092 946 1,45462.2 37.4 39.4
3.5 4.0 2.9
58 45 47.. 322 677
116 130 128
28.1 28.0 27.90.0 0.6 0.5
.. 11.7 9.45
1212342.7
4.7 6,190 38,8881.0 1.8 2.7
.. 16.3 9.9
.. 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,1501.4 27,815 60,615
280 689 665.. 57.3 26.9.. 511 644.. 65.2 73.7.. 18.2 16.9
0.8 0.8 1.5
13,414 4,635 3,2270.3 2.2 12.6
.. 84 8889 61 8788 49 8389 83 9326 31 4719 23 3430 42 66
27 46 58.. .. 9.. 15 11
80 121 69
.. 18.0 29.28.9 10.9 9.8
.. 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.20.8 0.5 0.30.6 0.5 0.70.2 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 13.8
182 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 165 Land area (sq. km) 960 GDP ($ millions) 196.8
São Tomé and Príncipe
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
16,190 38,7458,357 32,477
83.6 77.63.1 1.0
81 3720,233 24,483
102 106
0.5 28.70.0 –0.1
31.3 12.99
1523
33.2
91.5 28,5702.4 –1.7
13.8 2.03.4 16.5
6,660 81,790204 15,495
5,888 4,8560.0 4.2
7,427 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.616.6 11.9
90 8,305943.3 9.4
88 41.. 100.. 98
97 100.. 100.. 99
100 100
103 23.. .... ..
18 6
32.5 17.612.1 13.9
7.2 4.629.1 0.7
0.0 0.20.0 0.00.8 0.21.2 0.1
–3.6 7.1
183The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 27.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,150 GDP ($ billions) 434.7
Saudi Arabia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,090 1,176 1,619937 946 1,454
42.9 37.4 39.43.2 4.0 2.9
49 45 47256 322 677136 130 128
44.0 28.0 27.90.5 0.6 0.5
24.1 11.7 9.4161045
91.0
410 6,190 38,8881.4 1.8 2.7
13.0 16.3 9.912.4 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,1501,279 27,815 60,615
243 689 66541.1 57.3 26.9196 511 644
88.1 65.2 73.78.4 18.2 16.90.4 0.8 1.5
2,131 4,635 3,2275.7 2.2 12.693 84 8872 61 8756 49 8393 83 9352 31 4739 23 3470 42 66
80 46 5813 .. 922 15 1175 121 69
19.7 18.0 29.28.9 10.9 9.85.2 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.00.8 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 0.30.3 0.5 0.70.7 0.5 0.7
13.7 –2.1 13.8
184 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 12.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 193 GDP ($ billions) 13.0
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lowermiddle-income group
Senegal
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,630 7,272 5,884.. 5,727 5,052
52.4 64.1 57.40.0 0.3 2.3
58 28 342,057 3,204 871
99 126 131
31.0 38.6 34.6–0.8 0.0 0.16.0 7.5 13.4
69
112
0.2
13.0 5,573 88,932.. –3.1 0.1.. –0.9 9.2.. 10.4 8.5.. .. 33,390.. .. 48,478
1,974 2,831 1,8482.0 1.9 8.3
4,224 3,859 2,71472.6 65.4 72.627.4 18.0 21.66.8 7.8 5.3
.. 12,885 8,718
.. 5.0 5.02 63 66
99 96 9398 91 8699 99 9892 84 7388 80 6296 87 82
.. 23 43
.. .. ..
.. .. ..7 23 20
15.9 23.9 35.111.3 12.2 11.65.0 3.6 3.31.9 8.6 4.80.0 0.8 1.3
.. 0.0 0.01.0 0.8 0.7
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 4.8 19.1
185The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 7.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 87 GDP ($ billions) 38.4
Serbia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
9,710 1,176 5,8848,529 946 5,052
55.3 37.4 57.41.6 4.0 2.3
7 45 34701 322 87182 130 131
89.1 28.0 34.60.0 0.6 0.1
42.0 11.7 13.45
1017553.5
87.4 6,190 88,93214.9 1.8 0.116.2 16.3 9.20.51 5.8 8.5
1,690 18,550 33,39032.3 27,815 48,478
2,411 689 1,848.. 57.3 8.3.. 511 2,714.. 65.2 72.6.. 18.2 21.6
7.8 0.8 5.3
.. 4,635 8,718
.. 2.2 5.07 84 66.. 61 93.. 49 86
100 83 98.. 31 73.. 23 62
98 42 82
.. 46 43
.. .. ..
.. 15 ..14 121 20
11.9 18.0 35.113.2 10.9 11.6
4.6 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 4.80.0 1.9 1.30.0 0.5 0.00.7 0.5 0.7
.. 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 19.1
186 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 87 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) 936.6
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Seychelles
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
340 1,176 528294 946 472
38.4 37.4 28.32.7 4.0 3.7
48 45 38.. 322 288
104 130 133
38.1 28.0 27.60.7 0.6 0.64.9 11.7 10.7171047481.3
200 6,190 10,7256.5 1.8 3.93.5 16.3 4.80.0 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,1201,049 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.2 0.8 0.3
27,878 4,635 5,3810.3 2.2 4.371 84 9055 61 6535 49 5787 83 8613 31 37
6 23 3223 42 47
37 46 567 .. ..
13 15 15174 121 108
13.0 18.0 25.17.2 10.9 7.73.4 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.6 1.9 1.21.5 0.5 1.20.6 0.5 0.31.1 0.5 0.45.4 –2.1 15.9
187The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 5.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 72 GDP ($ billions) 1.9
Sierra Leone
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
40,070 38,74533,902 32,477
100.0 77.62.6 1.0
0 3729,145 24,483
98 106
2.9 28.70.0 –0.15.4 12.9111525570.1
5.2 28,570–9.0 –1.73.2 2.01.4 16.5
<100 81,7904.6 15,495
3,704 4,8560.2 4.2
7,949 9,06499.8 61.6
0.0 11.66.7 11.9
120 8,305.. 9.4.. 41
100 100.. 98
100 100100 100
.. 99100 100
23 23.. .... ..3 6
47.7 17.614.4 13.93.0 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.4 0.1
35.7 7.1
188 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.1 Land area (sq. km) 700 GDP ($ billions) 208.8
Country data
High-income group
Singapore
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,477
.. 77.6
.. 1.0
.. 37
.. 24,483
.. 106
.. 28.7
.. –0.1
.. 12.9
..
..
..
..
..
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
189The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 38 Land area (sq. km) 34 GDP ($ millions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
16,840 38,74513,769 32,477
56.8 77.60.1 1.0
40 379,924 24,483
92 106
40.2 28.70.0 –0.1
23.2 12.93655
0.1
2.3 28,570.. –1.7.. 2.0.. 16.5.. 81,790.. 15,495
3,086 4,8565.2 4.2
4,925 9,06426.5 61.616.9 11.66.9 11.9
2,325 8,3051.4 9.4
3 41100 100100 98100 100100 10099 99
100 100
12 23.. .... ..8 6
20.4 17.612.7 13.93.5 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.3 0.00.4 0.20.0 0.1
10.4 7.1
190 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 87.3
Slovak Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
23,900 38,74519,507 32,477
48.0 77.6–0.1 1.0
23 3776,633 24,483
93 106
62.2 28.7–0.3 –0.113.2 12.9
42
297
0.2
1.7 28,570.. –1.7.. 2.0
0.68 16.5.. 81,790.. 15,495
3,417 4,8567.2 4.2
6,103 9,06435.1 61.628.7 11.68.5 11.9
9,153 8,3053.0 9.4
0 4199 10099 98
100 100100 100100 99100 100
26 23.. .... ..3 6
22.4 17.613.3 13.9
4.9 4.60.1 0.70.0 0.20.2 0.00.3 0.20.1 0.1
13.3 7.1
191The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20 GDP ($ billions) 46.9
Country data
High-income group
Slovenia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,030 3,696 1,619755 3,264 1,45418.6 45.9 39.44.3 3.3 2.9
3 49 471,777 585 677
110 135 128
79.1 29.6 27.90.2 –0.1 0.50.1 15.0 9.420201616
4.4
43.2 96,136 38,888–0.7 3.5 2.744.6 9.3 9.90.12 1.4 4.4
5,750 137,690 144,150603 56,537 60,615
129 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
0.4 4.3 1.5
85,285 4,506 3,227.. 9.9 12.6.. 73 88
70 90 8765 84 8394 97 9332 66 4718 57 3498 76 66
31 56 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
27 24 69
10.2 48.4 29.211.1 10.7 9.83.8 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.2
15.6 0.0 0.30.3 1.0 0.70.1 1.1 0.7
–6.6 32.6 13.8
192 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 538 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 678.6
Solomon Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 1,176 528
.. 946 47237.4 37.4 28.32.9 4.0 3.7
70 45 38.. 322 288
100 130 133
10.8 28.0 27.61.0 0.6 0.60.6 11.7 10.715122721
6.1
30.0 6,190 10,7251.4 1.8 3.9
.. 16.3 4.80.0 5.8 ..710 18,550 15,120
48.0 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
658 4,635 5,38122.4 2.2 4.3
99 84 9029 61 65
7 49 5766 83 8623 31 37
6 23 3252 42 47
28 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
180 121 108
.. 18.0 25.1
.. 10.9 7.7
.. 3.6 3.0
.. 9.4 1.3
.. 1.9 1.2
.. 0.5 1.2
.. 0.5 0.30.5 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
193The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 9.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 627 GDP ($ millions) ..
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Somalia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,090 1,176 5,8845,738 946 5,052
61.7 37.4 57.42.6 4.0 2.3
82 45 343,662 322 871
109 130 131
4.7 28.0 34.61.8 0.6 0.16.9 11.7 13.424408765
20.7
629 6,190 88,9320.8 1.8 0.11.8 16.3 9.26.5 5.8 8.5
.. 18,550 33,39030.5 27,815 48,478
2,921 689 1,8489.8 57.3 8.3
4,532 511 2,71494.1 65.2 72.6
0.6 18.2 21.68.9 0.8 5.3
908 4,635 8,71825.0 2.2 5.0
63 84 6691 61 9379 49 8699 83 9879 31 7367 23 6286 42 82
26 46 43.. .. .... 15 ..
57 121 20
16.8 18.0 35.113.5 10.9 11.6
5.4 3.6 3.33.3 9.4 4.82.6 1.9 1.30.2 0.5 0.00.9 0.5 0.70.2 0.5 0.71.6 –2.1 19.1
194 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 50.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,214 GDP ($ billions) 363.7
South Africa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 1,176 1,619
.. 946 1,454
.. 37.4 39.4
.. 4.0 2.9
.. 45 47
.. 322 677
.. 130 128
.. 28.0 27.9
.. 0.6 0.5
.. 11.7 9.4
..
..
..
..
..
.. 6,190 38,888
.. 1.8 2.7
.. 16.3 9.9
.. 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,150
.. 27,815 60,615
.. 689 665
.. 57.3 26.9
.. 511 644
.. 65.2 73.7
.. 18.2 16.9
.. 0.8 1.5
.. 4,635 3,227
.. 2.2 12.6
.. 84 88
.. 61 87
.. 49 83
.. 83 93
.. 31 47
.. 23 34
.. 42 66
.. 46 58
.. .. 9
.. 15 11
.. 121 69
.. 18.0 29.2
.. 10.9 9.8
.. 3.6 3.3
.. 9.4 6.0
.. 1.9 1.2
.. 0.5 0.3
.. 0.5 0.7
.. 0.5 0.7
.. –2.1 13.8
195The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) .. Land area (sq. km) .. GDP ($ millions) ..
South Sudan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
31,750 38,74526,023 32,477
77.4 77.61.0 1.0
55 3722,035 24,483
104 106
36.4 28.7–1.4 –0.18.6 12.9169
712056.8
1,221 28,570–0.7 –1.71.1 2.03.5 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
2,756 4,8564.9 4.2
6,006 9,06456.2 61.6
9.0 11.67.2 11.9
2,422 8,30529.0 9.4
61 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
25 23.. .... ..5 6
19.1 17.613.6 13.94.2 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.2 0.19.2 7.1
196 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 46.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 499 GDP ($ billions) 1,407.4
Spain
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,240 1,176 1,6192,101 1,111 1,45415.1 30.1 39.40.3 2.7 2.9
42 55 47966 521 677112 123 128
29.7 17.1 27.91.2 –0.1 0.5
21.5 5.9 9.4291544
2827.9
444 13,567 38,8884.4 2.9 2.7
10.8 8.4 9.91.1 1.7 4.4
680 15,440 144,15088.8 10,343 60,615
449 514 66551.1 26.8 26.9408 517 64460.3 81.6 73.739.5 13.6 16.9
0.6 1.2 1.5
2,555 1,236 3,22724.5 33.4 12.6
87 91 8891 90 8790 88 8399 95 9392 38 4793 28 3488 60 66
71 68 58.. 10 9.. 11 11
17 67 69
25.1 32.7 29.210.1 9.2 9.8
1.7 2.9 3.30.0 2.3 6.00.0 1.1 1.20.3 0.6 0.30.2 0.8 0.70.3 0.7 0.7
15.9 20.9 13.8
197The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
South Asia
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 20.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 63 GDP ($ billions) 49.6
Sri Lanka
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
11,830 7,733 5,884.. 6,894 5,052
32.4 79.3 57.40.8 2.0 2.3
19 36 341,317 3,663 871
78 131 131
42.3 47.0 34.60.0 0.5 0.13.6 20.2 13.4
21
182
0.1
21.1 13,464 88,93219.3 –1.6 0.1
.. 11.2 9.20.53 13.1 8.5180 15,280 33,390
0.68 39,997 48,478
1,645 1,245 1,848.. 17.0 8.3.. 1,892 2,714.. 37.8 72.6.. 55.5 21.6
4.9 2.8 5.3
464 23,323 8,718.. 1.6 5.0.. 68 66
99 94 9399 81 8699 98 9896 79 7396 59 6296 84 82
15 30 43.. .. .... .. ..8 23 20
7.7 20.9 35.112.9 12.1 11.6
3.5 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.3
.. 0.0 0.00.3 0.3 0.7
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 7.4 19.1
198 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 52 Land area (sq. km) 260 GDP ($ millions) 651.7
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
St. Kitts and Nevis
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,560 7,733 5,884.. 6,894 5,052
28.0 79.3 57.41.1 2.0 2.3
18 36 341,351 3,663 871
103 131 131
77.0 47.0 34.6–0.3 0.5 0.114.3 20.2 13.4
25
195
1.4
1.9 13,464 88,9323.5 –1.6 0.13.5 11.2 9.2
0.06 13.1 8.5160 15,280 33,3901.9 39,997 48,478
760 1,245 1,848.. 17.0 8.3.. 1,892 2,714.. 37.8 72.6.. 55.5 21.6
2.3 2.8 5.3
.. 23,323 8,718
.. 1.6 5.0
.. 68 6696 94 9395 81 8698 98 9865 79 7363 59 6271 84 82
30 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
16 23 20
19.3 20.9 35.111.8 12.1 11.64.5 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.3
.. 0.0 0.00.3 0.3 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
.. 7.4 19.1
199The Little Green Data Book 2012
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 174 Land area (sq. km) 610 GDP ($ billions) 1.2
St. Lucia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,477
.. 77.6
.. 1.0
.. 37
.. 24,483
.. 106
.. 28.7
.. –0.1
.. 12.91042..
.. 28,570
.. –1.7
.. 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
200 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 30 Land area (sq. km) 54 GDP ($ millions) ..
Country data
High-income group
St. Martin (French part)
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6,320 7,733 5,8845,610 6,894 5,052
47.8 79.3 57.40.9 2.0 2.3
26 36 342,689 3,663 871
103 131 131
69.2 47.0 34.6–0.4 0.5 0.110.9 20.2 13.4
22
194
1.0
65.6 13,464 88,93210.5 –1.6 0.1
.. 11.2 9.20.61 13.1 8.5140 15,280 33,390
0.90 39,997 48,478
642 1,245 1,848.. 17.0 8.3.. 1,892 2,714.. 37.8 72.6.. 55.5 21.6
1.8 2.8 5.3
.. 23,323 8,718
.. 1.6 5.0
.. 68 66
.. 94 93
.. 81 86
.. 98 98
.. 79 7396 59 62
.. 84 82
23 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
21 23 20
–6.6 20.9 35.111.5 12.1 11.64.5 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.0 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.70.1 0.4 0.7
–13.9 7.4 19.1
201The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 109 Land area (sq. km) 390 GDP ($ millions) 704.8
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
St. Vincent & Grenadines
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,270 1,176 1,619987 946 1,454
45.2 37.4 39.45.1 4.0 2.9
58 45 47929 322 677103 130 128
29.4 28.0 27.90.4 0.6 0.54.2 11.7 9.415151916
5.1
73.9 6,190 38,8884.2 1.8 2.7
11.9 16.3 9.90.05 5.8 4.4
2,720 18,550 144,1509.8 27,815 60,615
372 689 66568.0 57.3 26.9114 511 644
52.2 65.2 73.747.8 18.2 16.90.3 0.8 1.5
706 4,635 3,22757.6 2.2 12.6
97 84 8858 61 8752 49 8367 83 9326 31 4714 23 3444 42 66
137 46 58.. .. 9.. 15 11
103 121 69
19.7 18.0 29.210.3 10.9 9.80.9 3.6 3.3
12.9 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.70.9 0.5 0.7
–3.6 –2.1 13.8
202 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 43.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,376 GDP ($ billions) 62.0
Sudan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5,920 7,733 5,8845,213 6,894 5,05275.6 79.3 57.4
1.8 2.0 2.3
1 36 343,394 3,663 871
118 131 131
94.6 47.0 34.60.0 0.5 0.1
11.6 20.2 13.480
26262.7
34.5 13,464 88,9328.7 –1.6 0.1
.. 11.2 9.222.9 13.1 8.5
.. 15,280 33,390510 39,997 48,478
1,400 1,245 1,848.. 17.0 8.3.. 1,892 2,714.. 37.8 72.6.. 55.5 21.6
4.7 2.8 5.3
169,276 23,323 8,7180.5 1.6 5.093 68 6692 94 9381 81 8697 98 9883 79 7366 59 6290 84 82
22 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
31 23 20
9.2 20.9 35.111.3 12.1 11.6
.. 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.85.5 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.6 0.3 0.70.2 0.4 0.7
.. 7.4 19.1
203The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 525 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 156 GDP ($ billions) 3.3
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Suriname
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,950 1,176 1,6193,033 946 1,454
25.5 37.4 39.42.1 4.0 2.9
71 45 471,217 322 677
101 130 128
32.7 28.0 27.9–0.9 0.6 0.53.0 11.7 9.4
51143
0.1
0.28 6,190 38,8880.4 1.8 2.78.0 16.3 9.9
.. 5.8 4.4
.. 18,550 144,150
.. 27,815 60,615
415 689 665.. 57.3 26.9.. 511 644.. 65.2 73.7.. 18.2 16.9
1.1 0.8 1.5
2,530 4,635 3,22723.1 2.2 12.6
97 84 8871 61 8765 49 8391 83 9357 31 4755 23 3464 42 66
38 46 588 .. 9
13 15 1178 121 69
2.7 18.0 29.210.6 10.9 9.86.9 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.00.0 1.9 1.20.1 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.70.1 0.5 0.7
–1.4 –2.1 13.8
204 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 17 GDP ($ billions) 3.6
Swaziland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
50,100 38,74543,007 32,477
84.7 77.60.6 1.0
8 3751,585 24,483
101 106
68.7 28.7–0.2 –0.110.9 12.9
12
124
0.3
223 28,570–0.8 –1.70.8 2.05.3 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
4,883 4,85622.9 4.2
14,142 9,0642.3 61.6
48.2 11.65.3 11.9
18,390 8,3051.5 9.4
4 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
10 23.. .... ..3 6
24.5 17.613.2 13.9
6.2 4.60.0 0.70.4 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.20.0 0.1
17.0 7.1
205The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 9.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) 458.6
Country data
High-income group
Sweden
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
71,520 38,74562,855 32,477
73.6 77.60.8 1.0
38 3727,066 24,483
103 106
31.0 28.7–0.4 –0.124.9 12.9
2192
0.2
2.9 28,570–3.2 –1.70.8 2.0
.. 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
3,480 4,8568.2 4.2
8,021 9,0641.2 61.6
53.6 11.65.3 11.9
5,217 8,3054.9 9.4
2 41100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
22 23.. .... ..5 6
33.4 17.613.5 13.95.3 4.60.0 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.20.1 0.1
25.0 7.1
206 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 7.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40 GDP ($ billions) 527.9
Switzerland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,750 3,874 1,6192,173 3,091 1,45454.9 58.0 39.4
3.1 2.5 2.9
76 23 47.. 2,627 677
96 132 128
2.7 2.4 27.9–1.4 –0.1 0.50.6 3.9 9.4161434
20.9
15.2 3,614 38,8884.0 2.9 2.75.9 13.4 9.9
0.63 2.0 4.4.. 5,700 144,150.. 217 60,615
1,123 1,399 6650.0 0.9 26.9
1,563 1,497 64495.7 93.4 73.74.3 4.9 16.93.6 3.8 1.5
356 695 3,22799.8 70.0 12.6
88 86 8890 89 8786 81 8393 94 9395 88 4793 80 3496 94 66
71 66 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
16 34 69
17.4 19.2 29.210.6 10.7 9.82.6 4.3 3.3
11.7 12.4 6.00.1 0.4 1.20.0 0.1 0.31.0 0.7 0.71.3 0.9 0.7
–4.8 –1.6 13.8
207The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 20.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 184 GDP ($ billions) 59.1
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Syrian Arab Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
800 7,272 528734 5,727 47226.5 64.1 28.3
0.4 0.3 3.7
34 28 38577 3,204 288118 126 133
2.9 38.6 27.60.0 0.0 0.64.1 7.5 10.7
812
5130.7
0.68 5,573 10,725–2.8 –3.1 3.9–9.3 –0.9 4.8
.. 10.4 ..
.. .. 15,120
.. .. 25,817
342 2,831 3650.0 1.9 65.9
1,985 3,859 2292.0 65.4 32.0
98.0 18.0 45.70.5 7.8 0.3
9,774 12,885 5,38174.8 5.0 4.3
92 63 9064 96 6554 91 5792 99 8694 84 3794 80 3295 87 47
30 23 56.. .. .... .. 15
63 23 108
2.6 23.9 25.18.6 12.2 7.73.2 3.6 3.00.4 8.6 1.30.4 0.8 1.20.0 0.0 1.20.5 0.8 0.30.2 0.4 0.4
–4.3 4.8 15.9
208 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 6.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 140 GDP ($ billions) 5.6
Tajikistan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
530 1,176 528456 946 47226.4 37.4 28.3
4.5 4.0 3.7
40 45 38292 322 288106 130 133
37.7 28.0 27.61.1 0.6 0.6
27.5 11.7 10.73542
17429014.8
350 6,190 10,725–0.9 1.8 3.98.7 16.3 4.8
10.0 5.8 ..3,580 18,550 15,1201,287 27,815 25,817
451 689 36587.7 57.3 65.9
86 511 22939.8 65.2 32.060.2 18.2 45.7
0.2 0.8 0.3
1,930 4,635 5,3815.4 2.2 4.389 84 9053 61 6544 49 5779 83 8610 31 377 23 32
20 42 47
20 46 564 .. ..
15 15 1592 121 108
21.1 18.0 25.17.9 10.9 7.72.4 3.6 3.00.3 9.4 1.32.9 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.4
12.1 –2.1 15.9
209The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 44.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 886 GDP ($ billions) 23.1
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Tanzania
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,150 3,696 5,8843,805 3,264 5,052
34.0 45.9 57.41.7 3.3 2.3
39 49 34706 585 871112 135 131
37.1 29.6 34.60.1 –0.1 0.1
20.1 15.0 13.4574697868.0
3,113 96,136 88,932–1.6 3.5 0.17.7 9.3 9.24.4 1.4 8.5
2,130 137,690 33,3902,484 56,537 48,478
1,504 1,436 1,84819.9 11.8 8.3
2,045 2,095 2,71491.1 80.3 72.64.8 16.2 21.64.2 4.3 5.3
3,268 4,506 8,71813.1 9.9 5.0
90 73 6696 90 9395 84 8697 97 9896 66 7396 57 6295 76 82
53 56 43.. .. .... .. ..
13 24 20
32.3 48.4 35.111.4 10.7 11.64.1 2.2 3.32.2 3.8 4.80.1 1.3 1.30.1 0.0 0.00.8 1.0 0.70.3 1.1 0.7
21.5 32.6 19.1
210 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 69.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 511 GDP ($ billions) 318.5
Thailand
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,220 3,696 1,619.. 3,264 1,454
28.1 45.9 39.43.6 3.3 2.9
25 49 47.. 585 677
129 135 128
49.9 29.6 27.91.3 –0.1 0.56.1 15.0 9.4
4750
0.6
4.7 96,136 38,888.. 3.5 2.7.. 9.3 9.9
6.7 1.4 4.4.. 137,690 144,150
18.0 56,537 60,615
58 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
0.2 4.3 1.5
7,469 4,506 3,22714.3 9.9 12.6
91 73 8869 90 8760 84 8391 97 9347 66 4737 57 3473 76 66
.. 56 582 .. 9
16 .. 1181 24 69
.. 48.4 29.22.1 10.7 9.83.3 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.2
.. 0.0 0.30.1 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
211The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15 GDP ($ millions) 701.0
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Timor-Leste
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
490 1,176 528412 946 472
43.4 37.4 28.34.3 4.0 3.7
62 45 38437 322 288114 130 133
5.3 28.0 27.64.3 0.6 0.6
11.3 11.7 10.7115
249
0.3
27.6 6,190 10,7252.8 1.8 3.97.9 16.3 4.80.0 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,12010.9 27,815 25,817
445 689 36583.1 57.3 65.9111 511 229
24.6 65.2 32.073.8 18.2 45.7
0.2 0.8 0.3
1,949 4,635 5,3811.2 2.2 4.345 84 9061 61 6540 49 5789 83 8613 31 37
3 23 3226 42 47
28 46 56.. .. .... 15 15
103 121 108
–3.5 18.0 25.18.8 10.9 7.74.4 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.31.3 1.9 1.22.1 0.5 1.20.4 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.4
–11.5 –2.1 15.9
212 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 54 GDP ($ billions) 3.2
Togo
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,290 3,696 1,6193,037 3,264 1,45425.3 45.9 39.4
1.0 3.3 2.9
43 49 473,396 585 677
107 135 128
12.5 29.6 27.90.0 –0.1 0.5
14.5 15.0 9.424
112
1.0
2.2 96,136 38,8881.4 3.5 2.7
.. 9.3 9.99.4 1.4 4.4
1,500 137,690 144,1503.4 56,537 60,615
567 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
1.7 4.3 1.5
.. 4,506 3,227
.. 9.9 12.6
.. 73 88100 90 87100 84 83100 97 93
96 66 4796 57 3498 76 66
.. 56 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 1116 24 69
7.7 48.4 29.210.3 10.7 9.8
3.0 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.4 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
213The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 104 Land area (sq. km) 720 GDP ($ millions) 348.3
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Tonga
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
15,380 38,7457,838 32,47713.9 77.6
3.0 1.0
11 371,024 24,483
107 106
44.1 28.70.3 –0.1
31.2 12.922
241
2.2
13.9 28,5700.6 –1.7
10.2 2.02.8 16.5
<100 81,79065.7 15,495
15,158 4,8560.1 4.2
5,662 9,06499.8 61.6
0.0 11.637.4 11.9
2,874 8,3056.0 9.4
9 4194 10093 9898 10092 10092 9992 100
98 23.. .... ..
27 6
36.4 17.613.4 13.9
4.0 4.632.0 0.7
0.0 0.20.0 0.01.5 0.20.3 0.1
–26.0 7.1
214 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.1 GDP ($ billions) 20.6
Trinidad and Tobago
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,160 3,874 5,8843,329 3,091 5,052
67.3 58.0 57.42.0 2.5 2.3
63 23 343,050 2,627 871
101 132 131
6.5 2.4 34.6–2.3 –0.1 0.11.3 3.9 13.413
635
60.5
103 3,614 88,9320.5 2.9 0.18.7 13.4 9.21.2 2.0 8.5
.. 5,700 33,390
.. 217 48,478
881 1,399 1,84814.1 0.9 8.3
1,311 1,497 2,71498.9 93.4 72.6
0.5 4.9 21.62.4 3.8 5.3
402 695 8,71861.7 70.0 5.0
76 86 6694 89 9384 81 8699 94 9885 88 7364 80 6296 94 82
23 66 43.. .. .... .. ..
16 34 20
21.4 19.2 35.111.3 10.7 11.66.0 4.3 3.34.1 12.4 4.80.9 0.4 1.30.1 0.1 0.00.5 0.7 0.70.1 0.9 0.7
10.3 –1.6 19.1
215The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 10.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 155 GDP ($ billions) 44.3
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Tunisia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
9,890 7,272 5,8848,753 5,727 5,052
69.6 64.1 57.42.3 0.3 2.3
51 28 343,770 3,204 871
108 126 131
14.7 38.6 34.6–0.8 0.0 0.11.9 7.5 13.4171470
56.2
654 5,573 88,9321.2 –3.1 0.1
18.3 –0.9 9.22.4 10.4 8.5
.. .. 33,390
.. .. 48,478
1,359 2,831 1,8484.8 1.9 8.3
2,298 3,859 2,71480.4 65.4 72.618.5 18.0 21.6
4.0 7.8 5.3
3,160 12,885 8,71818.8 5.0 5.0
74 63 66100 96 9399 91 86
100 99 9890 84 7375 80 6297 87 82
37 23 43.. .. .... .. ..
18 23 20
13.7 23.9 35.112.1 12.2 11.62.6 3.6 3.30.2 8.6 4.80.1 0.8 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.8 0.70.9 0.4 0.72.7 4.8 19.1
216 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 72.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 770 GDP ($ billions) 734.4
Turkey
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,790 7,272 1,619.. 5,727 1,454
49.5 64.1 39.42.1 0.3 2.9
69 28 472,156 3,204 677
113 126 128
8.8 38.6 27.90.0 0.0 0.53.0 7.5 9.4
916113
1.8
15.0 5,573 38,888–5.1 –3.1 2.7
–21.9 –0.9 9.9.. 10.4 4.4.. .. 144,150.. .. 60,615
3,933 2,831 6650.0 1.9 26.9
2,446 3,859 644100.0 65.4 73.7
0.0 18.0 16.99.7 7.8 1.5
273 12,885 3,227100.8 5.0 12.6
97 63 8884 96 8772 91 8397 99 9398 84 4797 80 3499 87 66
41 23 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
56 23 69
.. 23.9 29.211.8 12.2 9.8
.. 3.6 3.335.1 8.6 6.00.0 0.8 1.2
.. 0.0 0.32.5 0.8 0.70.8 0.4 0.7
.. 4.8 13.8
217The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 5.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) 20.0
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Turkmenistan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47793.3 77.6
7.1 1.0
1 37.. 24,483.. 106
35.8 28.70.0 –0.1
42.9 12.922
172..
5.4 28,5701.9 –1.7
.. 2.00.95 16.5730 81,790236 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.64.4 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41100 100100 98100 100
.. 100
.. 9998 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
218 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 38 Land area (sq. km) 950 GDP ($ millions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Turks and Caicos Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4,760 3,696 1,619.. 3,264 1,454
50.4 45.9 39.41.5 3.3 2.9
33 49 472,590 585 677
102 135 128
33.3 29.6 27.90.0 –0.1 0.50.4 15.0 9.4
21
100
0.3
11.3 96,136 38,88816.7 3.5 2.7
.. 9.3 9.90.19 1.4 4.4710 137,690 144,150
0.40 56,537 60,615
.. 1,436 665
.. 11.8 26.9
.. 2,095 644
.. 80.3 73.7
.. 16.2 16.9
.. 4.3 1.5
.. 4,506 3,227
.. 9.9 12.6
.. 73 8898 90 8797 84 8398 97 9385 66 4781 57 3488 76 66
.. 56 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 1133 24 69
.. 48.4 29.26.4 10.7 9.8
.. 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.2
.. 0.0 0.3
.. 1.0 0.7
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 32.6 13.8
219The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 10 Land area (sq. km) 30 GDP ($ millions) 31.4
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Tuvalu
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
500 1,176 528438 946 47213.3 37.4 28.3
4.1 4.0 3.7
70 45 38200 322 288105 130 133
15.0 28.0 27.62.3 0.6 0.6
10.3 11.7 10.7222161362.8
509 6,190 10,7252.7 1.8 3.9
45.6 16.3 4.8.. 5.8 .... 18,550 15,120.. 27,815 25,817
.. 689 365
.. 57.3 65.9
.. 511 229
.. 65.2 32.0
.. 18.2 45.70.1 0.8 0.3
1,205 4,635 5,3810.5 2.2 4.336 84 9072 61 6568 49 5795 83 8634 31 3734 23 3234 42 47
11 46 5623 .. ..26 15 1599 121 108
19.1 18.0 25.18.0 10.9 7.73.0 3.6 3.00.0 9.4 1.30.0 1.9 1.24.5 0.5 1.20.2 0.5 0.30.0 0.5 0.49.4 –2.1 15.9
220 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 33.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 200 GDP ($ billions) 17.0
Uganda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3,000 7,272 1,6192,544 5,727 1,454
68.1 64.1 39.4–0.5 0.3 2.9
71 28 472,500 3,204 677
106 126 128
16.8 38.6 27.9–0.2 0.0 0.53.5 7.5 9.411112116
0.5
209 5,573 38,888–7.4 –3.1 2.7–6.1 –0.9 9.94.9 10.4 4.4
.. .. 144,150
.. .. 60,615
2,507 2,831 6650.8 1.9 26.9
3,200 3,859 64445.2 65.4 73.7
6.8 18.0 16.97.0 7.8 1.5
1,153 12,885 3,22727.6 5.0 12.6
51 63 8898 96 8798 91 8398 99 9394 84 4789 80 3496 87 66
17 23 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
13 23 69
17.5 23.9 29.210.4 12.2 9.85.9 3.6 3.33.7 8.6 6.00.0 0.8 1.20.0 0.0 0.31.7 0.8 0.70.1 0.4 0.77.4 4.8 13.8
221The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 45.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 579 GDP ($ billions) 137.9
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Ukraine
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
41,930 38,745.. 32,477
78.0 77.67.0 1.0
7 37.. 24,483
113 106
3.8 28.7–1.3 –0.15.6 12.9
79
130
0.2
79.6 28,570–0.9 –1.7
.. 2.02.6 16.5
1,190 81,79068.2 15,495
8,588 4,8560.0 4.2
11,464 9,064100.0 61.6
0.0 11.625.0 11.9
22 8,3052,032.0 9.4
83 41100 100100 98100 100
98 10095 9998 100
62 23.. .... ..7 6
.. 17.613.6 13.9
.. 4.610.9 0.7
0.0 0.2.. 0.0
0.4 0.20.8 0.1
.. 7.1
222 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 7.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 84 GDP ($ billions) 297.6
United Arab Emirates
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
38,200 38,74531,040 32,477
90.1 77.60.5 1.0
72 3725,681 24,483
101 106
11.9 28.7–0.5 –0.126.4 12.9
52
4311
3.5
814 28,570–1.1 –1.77.2 2.05.7 16.5
.. 81,790
.. 15,495
3,183 4,8562.7 4.2
5,692 9,06474.2 61.61.4 11.68.5 11.9
2,346 8,3058.8 9.410 41
100 100100 98100 100100 100100 99100 100
13 23.. .... ..5 6
11.9 17.613.6 13.9
5.1 4.61.3 0.70.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.20.0 0.11.8 7.1
223The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 62.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 242 GDP ($ billions) 2,261.7
Country data
High-income group
United Kingdom
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
47,340 38,74540,256 32,477
82.3 77.61.5 1.0
44 3751,120 24,483
109 106
33.2 28.7–0.1 –0.112.4 12.9
3776
183219
94.2
4,865 28,570–1.2 –1.72.3 2.0
28.6 16.51,250 81,7903,030 15,495
7,051 4,8563.9 4.2
12,914 9,06469.5 61.6
6.6 11.618.0 11.9
9,186 8,30515.6 9.4
40 4199 10094 98
100 100100 10099 99
100 100
18 23.. .... ..8 6
10.9 17.614.0 13.94.8 4.60.8 0.70.1 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.20.1 0.10.4 7.1
224 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 309.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,147 GDP ($ billions) 14,586.7
United States
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
10,230 7,733 5,8849,746 6,894 5,05292.5 79.3 57.4
0.6 2.0 2.3
85 36 348,682 3,663 871
109 131 131
10.0 47.0 34.6–3.2 0.5 0.10.3 20.2 13.4112436
01.2
74.2 13,464 88,932–1.0 –1.6 0.118.2 11.2 9.20.33 13.1 8.5
.. 15,280 33,390
.. 39,997 48,478
1,224 1,245 1,84826.0 17.0 8.3
2,671 1,892 2,71431.3 37.8 72.659.4 55.5 21.6
2.5 2.8 5.3
17,639 23,323 8,7182.6 1.6 5.087 68 66
100 94 93100 81 86100 98 98100 79 7399 59 62
100 84 82
142 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
11 23 20
17.3 20.9 35.112.6 12.1 11.62.3 4.7 3.30.0 3.8 4.80.1 1.6 1.30.5 0.0 0.00.2 0.3 0.71.8 0.4 0.74.4 7.4 19.1
225The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 3.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 175 GDP ($ billions) 39.1
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Uruguay
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,280 7,272 1,619990 5,727 1,45436.9 64.1 39.4
1.2 0.3 2.9
63 28 472,782 3,204 677
123 126 128
7.7 38.6 27.9–0.4 0.0 0.52.3 7.5 9.410157
151.1
10.7 5,573 38,888–0.8 –3.1 2.7–5.8 –0.9 9.9
.. 10.4 4.4
.. .. 144,150
.. .. 60,615
1,758 2,831 6650.0 1.9 26.9
1,636 3,859 64481.3 65.4 73.718.7 18.0 16.94.6 7.8 1.5
588 12,885 3,227118.3 5.0 12.6
91 63 8887 96 8781 91 8398 99 93
100 84 47100 80 34100 87 66
37 23 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
52 23 69
.. 23.9 29.29.2 12.2 9.89.4 3.6 3.3
13.7 8.6 6.05.5 0.8 1.20.0 0.0 0.32.9 0.8 0.70.4 0.4 0.7
.. 4.8 13.8
226 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lowermiddle-income group
Population (millions) 28.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 425 GDP ($ billions) 39.0
Uzbekistan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2,640 3,696 1,6192,529 3,264 1,454
25.6 45.9 39.44.0 3.3 2.9
15 49 471,959 585 677
101 135 128
36.1 29.6 27.90.0 –0.1 0.54.3 15.0 9.4
88
158
2.1
97.9 96,136 38,8884.3 3.5 2.7
.. 9.3 9.90.05 1.4 4.4
4,110 137,690 144,15020.5 56,537 60,615
157 1,436 665.. 11.8 26.9.. 2,095 644.. 80.3 73.7.. 16.2 16.9
0.4 4.3 1.5
.. 4,506 3,227
.. 9.9 12.6
.. 73 8890 90 8787 84 8398 97 9357 66 4754 57 3464 76 66
14 56 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
14 24 69
19.6 48.4 29.210.5 10.7 9.85.2 2.2 3.30.0 3.8 6.00.0 1.3 1.20.0 0.0 0.30.1 1.0 0.70.0 1.1 0.7
15.1 32.6 13.8
227The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (thousands) 240 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12 GDP ($ millions) 698.8
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Vanuatu
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
11,590 7,733 5,88410,142 6,894 5,052
94.0 79.3 57.42.4 2.0 2.3
24 36 347,667 3,663 871
106 131 131
52.5 47.0 34.60.6 0.5 0.1
53.8 20.2 13.432273768
25.3
293 13,464 88,932–1.0 –1.6 0.118.3 11.2 9.215.3 13.1 8.5480 15,280 33,390
3,569 39,997 48,478
2,357 1,245 1,8480.8 17.0 8.3
3,152 1,892 2,71427.2 37.8 72.672.8 55.5 21.6
6.1 2.8 5.3
25,451 23,323 8,7180.7 1.6 5.044 68 6692 94 9375 81 8694 98 9891 79 7357 59 6294 84 82
9 30 43.. .. .... .. ..
18 23 20
31.7 20.9 35.112.4 12.1 11.6
3.6 4.7 3.312.0 3.8 4.8
0.4 1.6 1.30.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.3 0.70.0 0.4 0.7
10.1 7.4 19.1
228 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 28.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 882 GDP ($ billions) 391.8
Venezuela, RB
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,160 3,696 1,619952 3,264 1,454
28.8 45.9 39.43.1 3.3 2.9
33 49 47367 585 677114 135 128
44.5 29.6 27.9–2.0 –0.1 0.56.2 15.0 9.4544368
11912.1
5,128 96,136 38,8885.8 3.5 2.7
15.1 9.3 9.91.7 1.4 4.4
1,270 137,690 144,1501,056 56,537 60,615
745 1,436 66539.3 11.8 26.9918 2,095 644
64.0 80.3 73.736.0 16.2 16.9
1.5 4.3 1.5
4,178 4,506 3,2279.3 9.9 12.695 73 8895 90 8793 84 8399 97 9376 66 4768 57 3494 76 66
50 56 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
23 24 69
33.2 48.4 29.29.4 10.7 9.82.8 2.2 3.39.0 3.8 6.00.2 1.3 1.20.2 0.0 0.31.0 1.0 0.70.5 1.1 0.7
15.8 32.6 13.8
229The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 86.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 106.4
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lowermiddle-income group
Vietnam
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
.. 38,745
.. 32,47795.3 77.6
0.7 1.0
11 37.. 24,483
108 106
57.1 28.70.9 –0.1
15.2 12.921
1412
0.2
0.86 28,5701.1 –1.7
.. 2.00.64 16.5200 81,7902.6 15,495
.. 4,856
.. 4.2
.. 9,064
.. 61.6
.. 11.6
.. 11.9
.. 8,305
.. 9.4
.. 41
.. 100
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. 99
.. 100
.. 23
.. ..
.. ..
.. 6
.. 17.6
.. 13.9
.. 4.6
.. 0.7
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.2
.. 0.1
.. 7.1
230 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 110 Land area (sq. km) 350 GDP ($ millions) ..
Virgin Islands (U.S.)
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,250 3,874 1,619.. 3,091 1,454
72.1 58.0 39.44.0 2.5 2.9
61 23 47.. 2,627 677
101 132 128
1.5 2.4 27.90.0 –0.1 0.50.6 3.9 9.4
3900..
.. 3,614 38,888
.. 2.9 2.7
.. 13.4 9.9
.. 2.0 4.4
.. 5,700 144,150
.. 217 60,615
.. 1,399 665
.. 0.9 26.9
.. 1,497 644
.. 93.4 73.7
.. 4.9 16.90.5 3.8 1.5
201 695 3,22749.9 70.0 12.6
45 86 8885 89 8781 81 8386 94 9392 88 4792 80 3492 94 66
.. 66 58
.. .. 9
.. .. 1122 34 69
9.7 19.2 29.28.1 10.7 9.8
.. 4.3 3.30.0 12.4 6.00.0 0.4 1.2
.. 0.1 0.30.4 0.7 0.7
.. 0.9 0.7
.. –1.6 13.8
231The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 4.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 6.0 GDP ($ billions) 4.0
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
West Bank and Gaza
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,170 3,874 1,619928 3,091 1,45431.8 58.0 39.45.6 2.5 2.9
44 23 47749 2,627 677126 132 128
1.0 2.4 27.90.0 –0.1 0.50.5 3.9 9.4
91523
1583.2
191 3,614 38,8884.6 2.9 2.7
.. 13.4 9.91.8 2.0 4.4
700 5,700 144,1509.3 217 60,615
324 1,399 6651.3 0.9 26.9219 1,497 644
100.0 93.4 73.70.0 4.9 16.91.0 3.8 1.5
90 695 3,227168.6 70.0 12.6
91 86 8855 89 8747 81 8372 94 9353 88 4734 80 3493 94 66
43 66 58.. .. 9.. .. 11
77 34 69
9.6 19.2 29.29.7 10.7 9.84.2 4.3 3.3
14.5 12.4 6.00.0 0.4 1.20.0 0.1 0.30.6 0.7 0.70.4 0.9 0.7
–11.5 –1.6 13.8
232 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lowermiddle-income group
Population (millions) 24.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 528 GDP ($ billions) 31.3
Yemen, Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
1,070 1,176 1,619784 946 1,45435.7 37.4 39.42.0 4.0 2.9
31 45 47214 322 677115 130 128
66.5 28.0 27.90.3 0.6 0.5
36.0 11.7 9.49
1420
93.8
86.7 6,190 38,8880.8 1.8 2.7
10.3 16.3 9.9.. 5.8 4.4.. 18,550 144,150.. 27,815 60,615
617 689 66580.9 57.3 26.9635 511 6440.3 65.2 73.7
99.7 18.2 16.90.2 0.8 1.5
6,303 4,635 3,2271.7 2.2 12.676 84 8861 61 8746 49 8387 83 9348 31 4743 23 3457 42 66
30 46 585 .. 9
16 15 11111 121 69
25.4 18.0 29.210.3 10.9 9.81.3 3.6 3.30.0 9.4 6.0
18.9 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 0.30.1 0.5 0.70.3 0.5 0.7
–2.8 –2.1 13.8
233The Little Green Data Book 2012
Population (millions) 12.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 743 GDP ($ billions) 16.2
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lowermiddle-income group
Zambia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Adjusted net national income per capita ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010) AgricultureAgricultural land (% land area)Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $)Food production index (2004–2006=100) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% land area)Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Nationally protected terrestrial areas (% of land area)Threatened species, mammalsThreatened species, birdsThreatened species, fishThreatened species, higher plantsGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.5) OceansTotal fisheries production (thousand metric tons)
Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2010)
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)Coral reef area (sq. km)Mangroves area (sq. km) Energy and emissionsEnergy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources)
Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)Access to improved water source (% of total population)
Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthParticulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m)Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradationGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
460 1,176 528493 946 472
38.3 37.4 28.32.3 4.0 3.7
42 45 38160 322 28892 130 133
40.4 28.0 27.61.7 0.6 0.6
28.0 11.7 10.79
143
141.9
13.2 6,190 10,725–4.4 1.8 3.915.3 16.3 4.8
.. 5.8 ..
.. 18,550 15,120
.. 27,815 25,817
763 689 36565.6 57.3 65.9
1,026 511 22946.7 65.2 32.053.3 18.2 45.7
0.7 0.8 0.3
983 4,635 5,38121.0 2.2 4.3
79 84 9080 61 6569 49 5798 83 8640 31 3732 23 3252 42 47
37 46 5611 .. ..12 15 1580 121 108
.. 18.0 25.18.6 10.9 7.72.5 3.6 3.01.9 9.4 1.30.8 1.9 1.20.0 0.5 1.21.0 0.5 0.30.2 0.5 0.4
.. –2.1 15.9
234 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 12.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 387 GDP ($ billions) 7.5
Zimbabwe
235The Little Green Data Book 2012
Access to improved sanitation is the percentage of population with adequate
access to excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that
can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta.
Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toi-
lets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly
constructed and properly maintained. (World Health Organization; data are
for 2010)
Access to improved water source is the percentage of the population with
reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source,
such as piped water into a dwelling, plot, or yard; public tap or standpipe;
tube-well or borehole; protected dug well or spring; or rainwater collection.
Unimproved sources include an unprotected dug well or spring, cart with
small tank or drum, bottled water, and tanker trucks. Reasonable access to
an adequate amount means the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day
from a source within 1 kilometer of the dwelling. (World Health Organization;
data are for 2010)
Acute respiratory infection prevalence is the percentage of children under
age five with acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the survey.
(United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available
during 2005–10)
Adjusted net national income equals gross national income minus consump-
tion of fixed capital, energy depletion, mineral depletion, and net forest
depletion. (World Bank; data are for 2010)
Adjusted net savings equal gross savings minus consumption of fixed capital,
plus education expenditures, minus energy depletion, mineral depletion,
net forest depletion, and particulate emissions and carbon dioxide damage.
(World Bank; data are for 2010)
Agricultural land is arable land, land under permanent crops, and permanent
pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations as land under temporary crops (double-
cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for
pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fal-
low. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land
under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for
long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa,
coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit
trees, nut trees, and vines but excludes land under trees grown for wood
or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage,
including natural and cultivated crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization;
data are for 2009)
Agricultural productivity is the ratio of agricultural value added, measured
in 2000 U.S. dollars, to the number of workers in agriculture. Agricultural
productivity is measured by value added per unit of input. Agricultural value
added includes that from forestry and fishing. Thus interpretations of land
productivity should be made with caution. (See World Bank 2012 for details;
data are for 2010)
Glossary
236 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Aquaculture growth is the exponential change in aquaculture fisheries pro-
duction for the period indicated. Aquaculture is understood to mean the farm-
ing of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic
plants. Aquaculture production specifically refers to output from aquaculture
activities, which are designated for final harvest for consumption. (Food and
Agriculture Organization; data are for 1990–2010)
Capture fisheries growth is the exponential change in capture fisheries
production for the period indicated. Capture fisheries production contains
the volume of fish catches landed by a country for all commercial, industrial,
recreational and subsistence purpose. (Food and Agriculture Organization;
data are for 1990–2010)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) damage is estimated at $20 per ton of carbon (the unit
damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
(World Bank estimates; data are for 2010)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita are carbon dioxide emissions
divided by midyear population. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center,
World Bank, and United Nations; data are for 2008)
Consumption of fixed capital is the replacement value of capital used up in
the process of production. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2010
from the most recent year available)
Coral reef area is a country’s area of coral reefs, which are shallow marine
habitats defined both by a physical structure (corals) and by the organisms
found on them. (See The World Atlas of Coral Reefs (2001), UNEP-World
Conservation Monitoring Centre)
Deforestation is the permanent conversion of natural forest area to other
uses, including shifting cultivation, permanent agriculture, ranching, settle-
ments, and infrastructure development. Deforested areas do not include
areas logged but intended for regeneration or areas degraded by fuel-wood
gathering, acid precipitation, or forest fires. Negative numbers indicate an
increase in forest areas. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for
1990–2010)
Diarrhea prevalence is the percentage of children under age five who had
diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund;
data are for the most recent year available during 2005–10)
Education expenditure is public current operating expenditures in education,
including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings
and equipment. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2010 from the
most recent year available)
Electric power consumption per capita is the production of power plants
and combined heat and power plants, minus transmission, distribution, and
transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants plus imports
Glossary
Glossary
237The Little Green Data Book 2012
minus exports divided by midyear population. (International Energy Agency;
data are for 2009)
Electricity generated by hydropower is use of hydropower as a percentage
of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency;
data are for 2009)
Electricity generated using fossil fuel is use of coal, oil, and gas as a per-
centage of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy
Agency; data are for 2009)
Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources
to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers crude oil,
natural gas, and coal. (See World Bank 2011 for details; data are for 2010)
Energy from biomass products and waste is energy from solid biomass,
liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste as a percent-
age of total energy use. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2009)
Energy use per capita refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to
indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and
fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
(International Energy Agency; data are for 2009)
Fisheries production, total, contains the volume of aquatic species caught
by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence pur-
poses. The harvest from mariculture, aquaculture and other kinds of fish farm-
ing is also included. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2010)
Food production index indicates the relative level of net food production
compared with the base period 2004–06. It covers food crops that are
considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded
because, although edible, they have no nutritive value. (See the Food and
Agriculture Organization’s Production Yearbook for details; data are for 2009)
Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether produc-
tive or not. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2010)
Freshwater withdrawal, agriculture, is withdrawals for irrigation and live-
stock production as a percentage of total freshwater withdrawal. (Food and
Agriculture Organization; data are for various years; for details see World
Development Indicators 2012, Primary data documentation)
Freshwater withdrawal, total, is total water withdrawal, excluding evapora-
tion losses from storage basins and including water from desalination plants
in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed
100 percent of internal renewable resources because river flows from other
countries are not included, because extraction from nonrenewable aquifers
or desalination plants is considerable, or because there is significant water
reuse. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for various years; for
details see World Development Indicators 2012, Primary data documentation)
238 2012 The Little Green Data Book
GDP is gross domestic product and measures the total output of goods and
services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country,
regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. GDP at purchaser
values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and
nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsi-
dies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without deduc-
tions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation
of natural resources. (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation
and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2010)
GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiver-
sity potential for each country developed by the Global Environment Facility,
based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and
the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index shown in the tables
has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to
100 (maximum biodiversity potential) (World Bank; estimates are for 2008)
GNI per capita is gross national income (GNI) divided by midyear population.
GNI is gross domestic product plus net receipts of primary income (employee
compensation and property income) from abroad. GNI per capita is in cur-
rent U.S. dollars, converted using the World Bank Atlas method (see World
Development Indicators 2012, Statistical methods). (World Bank, Organization
for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are
for 2010)
Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total con-
sumption, plus net transfers. (World Bank and Organization for Economic
Co-operation and Development; data are for 2010)
Internal freshwater resources per capita are internal renewable resources,
which include flows of rivers and groundwater from rainfall in the country
but excludes river flows from other countries, divided by midyear population.
(Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for various years; for details see
World Development Indicators 2012, Primary data documentation.)
Land area is a country’s total land area, excluding area under inland water
bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones.
In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and
lakes. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2010)
Mangroves area is a country’s total area of mangroves, which are plants
of a variety of different species, including trees, shrubs, palms and ferns,
that grow in the tropics and subtropics in saline inter-tidal coastal habitats,
such as estuaries and shorelines. (See The World Atlas of Mangroves (2010),
International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems, The Nature Conservancy,
Food and Agriculture Organization, UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring
Centre)
Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain—and
overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural
features—that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect
Glossary
Glossary
239The Little Green Data Book 2012
part or all of the enclosed environment. (United Nations Environmental
Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the
World Resources Institute; data are for 2010)
Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources
to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers bauxite,
copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, gold, silver, and zinc. (See World
Bank 2011 for details; data are for 2010)
Nationally protected terrestrial areas are totally or partially protected areas
of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated as national parks, natural
monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries; protected landscapes
and seascapes; and scientific reserves. It includes World Conservation
Union–protected area categories I–VI. (United Nations Environmental
Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the
World Resources Institute; data are for 2010)
Net forest depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the excess
of round-wood harvest over natural growth. If growth exceeds harvest, this
figure is zero. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank estimates
of natural growth; data are for 2010)
Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to
reduce the risk of illness and death attributable to particulate emissions.
(World Bank estimates; data are for 2010)
Particulate matter is fine suspended particulates of less than 10 microns
in diameter that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract
and causing damage. The indicator is the population-weighted average of all
cities in the country with a population greater than 100,000. (World Bank
estimates; data are for 2010)
Population includes all residents who are present regardless of legal status
or citizenship except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of
asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country
of origin. (Eurostat, United Nations Population Division, and World Bank; data
are midyear estimates for 2010)
Threatened species, birds, are the number of species of birds classified
by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger,
or insufficiently known. Birds are listed for countries included within their
breeding or wintering ranges. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and
IUCN; data are for 2011)
Threatened species, fish, are the number of species of fish—cold-blooded
aquatic vertebrates of the superclass Pisces—classified by the IUCN as
endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently
known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2011)
Threatened species, higher plants, are the number of native vascular plant
species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indetermi-
nate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring
Centre and IUCN; data are for 2011)
Glossary
240 2012 The Little Green Data Book
Threatened species, mammals, are the number of species of mammals—
excluding whales and porpoises—classified by the IUCN as endangered,
vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World
Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2011)
Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before
reaching age five if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. (United
Nations and United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for 2010)
Urban population is the share of the midyear population living in areas
defined as urban in each country (United Nations; data are for 2010)
Urban population growth is the exponential change in urban population for
the period indicated. (United Nations; data are for 1990–2010)
241The Little Green Data Book 2012
FAO. 2010a. "From Drain to Gain in Capture Fisheries Rents: A Synthesis
Study." FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 538. FAO, Rome.
______. 2010b. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Rome: FAO.
Spalding, M., E. Green, and C. Ravilious. 2001. World Atlas of Coral Reefs.
Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Spalding, M., M. Kainuma, and L. Lorna. 2010. World Atlas of Mangroves.
London: Earthscan.
Sumaila, U. R., et al. 2012. “Marine Fisheries as a Source of Sustainable
Wealth of Nations.” Working paper presented at 2012 AAAS Annual
Meeting, February 2012.
UNEP. 2006. Marine and Coastal Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing: A
Synthesis Report Based on the Findings of the Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP.
World Bank. 2011. The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable
Development in the New Millennium. Washington, DC: World Bank.
______ 2012. World Development Indicators 2012. Washington, DC: World
Bank.
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