The Lifeline of the NileThe Lifeline of the Nile

•When and how When and how often the Nile River often the Nile River

flooded.flooded.

•The route of the The route of the Nile.Nile.

•How the Egyptians How the Egyptians adapted to the adapted to the

flooding.flooding.

• How the Nile was a How the Nile was a “giver and taker of “giver and taker of

life”.life”.

The Nile River ValleyThe Nile River Valley

The Nile River ValleyThe Nile River Valley

• The Nile River Valley civilization began in The Nile River Valley civilization began in EgyptEgypt, on the continent of Africa., on the continent of Africa.

• Egypt gets very little rain and is Egypt gets very little rain and is surrounded by hot, sandy deserts.surrounded by hot, sandy deserts.

• The Nile River Valley was an ideal place for The Nile River Valley was an ideal place for a civilization because the Nile River a civilization because the Nile River brought life to the people who lived near it.brought life to the people who lived near it.

• The Nile River Valley is Surrounded on Four The Nile River Valley is Surrounded on Four Sides by Natural Barriers Sides by Natural Barriers

• 1. Red Sea to the East 1. Red Sea to the East 2. Desert to the West 2. Desert to the West 3. Mediterranean to the North 3. Mediterranean to the North 4. Mountains to the South4. Mountains to the South

The Nile River ValleyThe Nile River Valley

•The Nile River flows through a Delta, a triangular shaped area of fertile soil at the mouth of a river.

• The Nile river carried silt, a mixture of rich soil and small rock.

• The Nile River flowed from south to north which is why Lower Egypt is in the north and Upper Egypt is in the south.

•The Nile River is the longest river in the world extending more than 4,000 miles in length.

““Giver of Life”Giver of Life”

• The Nile River Valley has "Gifts of the Nile"The Nile River Valley has "Gifts of the Nile" • 1. Predictable flooding1. Predictable flooding

2. Mild flooding therefore able to use river 2. Mild flooding therefore able to use river for for irrigationirrigation 3. Prevailing winds made trade possible 3. Prevailing winds made trade possible both north and south on the riverboth north and south on the river 4. Rich deposits of clay, granite, sandstone 4. Rich deposits of clay, granite, sandstone and limestone used for buildingand limestone used for building 5. Silt deposits rich for farming5. Silt deposits rich for farming

6. 6. Provided valuable crops such as wheat, Provided valuable crops such as wheat, barley and barley and papyruspapyrus which was used to make which was used to make paper.paper.

PapyrusPapyrus

““Taker of Life”Taker of Life”

• Sometimes heavy rains caused too much Sometimes heavy rains caused too much water to overflow. This would destroy water to overflow. This would destroy crops, homes and people’s lives would be crops, homes and people’s lives would be lost.lost.

• Sometimes the Nile did not flood enough Sometimes the Nile did not flood enough and crops could not grow.and crops could not grow.

• Like the Mesopotamians, the Egyptians Like the Mesopotamians, the Egyptians built irrigation canals to transport water to built irrigation canals to transport water to their crops.their crops.

Advancements in Advancements in TechnologyTechnology• The Egyptians were skilled boaters.The Egyptians were skilled boaters.• The Egyptians observed that over time, sunrise and The Egyptians observed that over time, sunrise and

sunset changed.sunset changed.• They also observed that the moon’s appearance They also observed that the moon’s appearance

changed a little each night.changed a little each night.• The Egyptians used these observations to predict The Egyptians used these observations to predict

when the Nile River would flood.when the Nile River would flood.• A calendar system was created to help the A calendar system was created to help the

Egyptians prepare for the flooding.Egyptians prepare for the flooding.• They were able to determine that the Nile would They were able to determine that the Nile would

flood once every year between May and flood once every year between May and September.September.

Time to ReviewTime to Review

• How was the Nile River important to the How was the Nile River important to the development of this civilization?development of this civilization?

• How was the Nile River a “giver and taker How was the Nile River a “giver and taker of life”?of life”?

• When and how often did the Nile River When and how often did the Nile River flood?flood?

• What direction did the Nile River flow?What direction did the Nile River flow?

• What were some advancements in What were some advancements in Egyptian technology?Egyptian technology?