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The Joy of GRID: Geomorphology and Hydrology in GIS. Finn Krogstad UW Forest Engineering http://students.washington.edu. x. x 0 ,z 0. x 1 ,z 1. x 2 ,z 2. x 4 ,z 4. x 3 ,z 3. z. Consider Sediment Routing. Times Change. Spatial problems used to require lots of programming. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Joy of GRID:Geomorphology and Hydrology in GIS
Finn Krogstad
UW Forest Engineering
http://students.washington.edu
Consider Sediment Routing
x0,z0
zx
z
x
dt
dVi 1
dt
dVidt
dz
x4,z4x3,z3
x2,z2x1,z1
Times Change
• Spatial problems used to require lots of programming.
• With modern spreadsheets, we could assign it as an undergraduate homework problem.
• GRID offers the same spreadsheet simplicity and functionality,but handles spatial issues for you.
OUTLINE
A. GRID BASICS1. GIS Data2. Thinking in GRID3. Programming
B. HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES1. Local2. Watershed
C. ANALYSIS1. Classification 2. Regression
GRID BASICS - GIS Data
GRID BASICS - GIS Data
• Points
GRID BASICS - GIS Data
• Points
• Arcs
• Polygons
GRID BASICS - GIS Data
• Points
• Arcs
• Polygons
• Attribute Tables
GRID BASICS - GIS Data
• Points
• Arcs
• Polygons
• Attribute Tables
• Data Sources
GRID BASICS - Thinking in GRID
• GRID-ing the World
continuous
discrete
GRID BASICS - Thinking in GRID
• GRID-ing the World
• Grid Algebra
GRID BASICS - Thinking in GRID
• GRID-ing the World
• Grid Algebra
• Spatial Spreadsheet
- not mysterious
- intuitiveness
- flexible
GRID BASICS - Programming
• Command Line– just like you type it
• Flow Control– if, do, while
• User Interface– for GIS novices, e.g. SEDMODL
Hydrologic Processes• Local
– Slope, Aspect, Curvature
Z = Ax2y2 + Bx2y + Cxy2 + Dx2 + Ey2 + Fxy + Gx + Hy + I
Hydrologic Processes• Local
– Slope, Aspect, Curvature– Hillshade
• Display Topography
• Radiant Energy
• Other things
Hydrologic Processes• Local
– Slope, Aspect, Curvature– Hillshade
• Watershed
Hydrologic Processes• Local
• Watershed– Flow direction
• Lowest Neighbor
• Gradient
Hydrologic Processes• Local
• Watershed– Flow direction– Flow accumulation
• Upslope Area
• Streams
• Watersheds
• Variable Inputs
• Cumulative Impact
Hydrologic Processes• Local
• Watershed– Flow direction– Flow accumulation– Flow length
• distance to stream
• transport ‘friction’
• delivery to streams
Multivariate Analysis
Multivariate Analysis
• ClusteringClustering
‘True’ color Bands 1,4,7
Scatter Plots
• ClusteringClustering
image Scatter-plots
Cluster Training
• ClusteringClustering
Image Stand cover
Cluster Training
• ClusteringClustering
Image Stream cover
Cluster Training
• ClusteringClustering
Image Water bodies
Image Classification
Image Classification
Classification vs. End Member
Classification - We can classify a cell according to which class gives a higher likelihood.
End Member - The fraction of each end member can be approximated by saving the normalized likelihoods.
Multivariate Analysis
• Clustering
• Regression• Linear
Ey = a0+ a1x1 + a2x2 + a3x3 + ....
E(precip) = a0+ a1longitude + a2elevation
Multivariate Analysis
• Clustering
• Regression• Linear
Ey = a0+ a1x1 + a2x2 + a3x3 + .…
• Logistic
Ey=1/(1+(exp(-(a0+alxl+a2x2+a3x3+...)))
L-0.0018M-0.0026H-0.0037
LandslideProbability
E(LS)=1/(1+(exp(-(a0+alSMORPH)))
Conclusions• GRID should be used like Excel
• Get yourself a wonk
• Keep up on data sources
• Use models to predict results
• Use observations to improve models
InstructorsFinn Krogstad
Peter Schiess
ScheduleLecture:
Tuesday, 9:30-11:20, in BLD 261
Lab:
Thursday, 9:30-11:20, in BLD 261
move?
ReadingsCell-based Modeling with Grid
Assigned readings to follow
GradingFE423:
50% labs, 50% exam
FE523:
33% labs, 33% exam, 33% project
Final Exam10:30-12:20 p.m. Wednesday, Mar. 15, 2000
open books, open notes, pencil-and-paper solution/discussion of several problems.
LabsPost lab reports on their web site
Grading will be based on communication
Finished and posted one week after assigned.
Late work will be accepted with half the points deduced for each week it is late.
Revise and resubmit each lab.
FE523 ProjectA course related project of your choosing.
1/20 Proposal
2/24 Progress Report
3/15 Final Report