The Jere Beasley Report, Aug. 2007

8/9/2019 The Jere Beasley Report, Aug. 2007

1/48

F k m p g ` i t f a s k w f a ` k k h g t l a s t s g ` o k 3 7 9 7 .

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JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal

J k c s m k y , C m m k ` , O r a w , L k t f v g ` , R a r t g s & L g m k s , R . O . , C t t a r ` k y s c t M c w

C[I[_X :229

C @CXGA@CM MCY EGZL MAOCXKH G@ LA@XIALKZW,CMCJCLC


2/48: JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal

G.

OCRGXAM

AJ_KZUCXGA@_

@ARKZ_A@G_CJAUKXFKMCY

Xfk lkhgc cttk`tga` rkmctgì ta tfk

oa`vgotga`s c`h sk`tkògì ae Ha`

_gkikmlc` c`h Zgofcrh _orusfy fcs`t

smawkh haw` luof, c`h tfct rkcmmy

oalks cs à surprgsk. @kgtfkr gs gt sur-

prgsgì tfct tfk sk`tkògì c`h sujsk-

quk`t kvk`ts fcvk rkokgvkh `ctga`cm

cttk`tga`.Xfkrk gs a`k straì lksscik

eral cmm ae tfgs,c`h tfct gs à pkrsa` gs

cjavk tfk mcw. Ajvgausmy, tfct sfaumh

hkeg`gtkmy cppmy ta cmm pujmgo aeegogcms.

Xfk sk`tkòg is ae tfksk twa lk` fcvk

jrc`hkh tfct rumk a` tfk lg`hs ae kvkry

Cmcjclc ogtgzk`. G cl rkcsa`cjmy oaèg-hk`t tfct cmm ourrk`t aeegokfamhkrs g` aur

stctk fcvk iattk` tfk lksscik.Ear tfask

wfa wkrk prksk`t g` tfk ekhkrcm oaurt-

raalskkgì c earlkr iavkràr c`h c

wkcmtfy jusg`ksslc` tcnk` cwcy ta dcgm

g` sfconmksfch ta jk jatf c sfaongì

c`h c sajkrgì kxpkrgkòk.

G cl àt iagì ta oallk`t a` tfk

iugmt ar g`àokòk ae kgtfkr ae tfksk

lk`, àr wgmm G oallk`t a` tfk stgee

sk`tkòks fc`hkh haw` jkocusk G

hgh`t cttk`h tfk trgcm ar c`y ae tfk sk`-

tkògì fkcrgìs rkmctkh ta tfk ocsk. G

wgmm scy, fawkvkr, tfct G jkmgkvk straìmy

g` aur dury systkl c`h cmsa nàw tfct

Duhik Lcrn Eummkr gs c iaah lc` wfa

cmsa gs c vkry iaah duhik. Lark glpar-

tc`tmy, jkocusk G ha`t fcvk c`y egrst-

fc`h gèarlctga` oaòkr`gì tfgs

lcttkr, G wa`t jk c pcrty ta skoa`h-

iukssgì wfct fcppk`kh g` tfk oaurt-

raal ct c`y stcik g` tfk fgifmy

pujmgogzkh ocsk. Ly nàwmkhik ae wfctfcppk`kh gs mglgtkh ta wfct wcs

rkpartkh jy tfk lkhgc.Cmtfauif tfct gs

usucmmy c iaah saurok, wfct wk rkch ar

fkcr gs àt cmwcys tatcmmy coourctk.

G` c`y kvk`t, G wgmm scy a my tfct tfk

oa`vgotga`s c`h sk`tkòks fc`hkh

haw` wgmm fcvk c hkeg`gtk keekot a`

Cmcjclc pamgtgos c`h tfk apkrctga` ae

stctk iavkr`lk`t ear ykcrs ta oalk. Ge

c`y iaah oc` oalk eral wfct fcs trc`-

spgrkh tfus ecr, gt sfaumh jk tfk pcsscik

ae salk lkc gìeum oclpcgi` eg`còk

rkearl mkigsmctga`, cs wkmm cs straì

ktfgos mcws ta oa`tram tfk cotgvgtgks ae

aeegokfamhkrs c`h majjygsts g` tfk euturk,

jy tfk Cmcjclc Mkigsmcturk. G rkirkt vkry

luof tfct eclgmgks wkrk furt jy tfk

wfamk kpgsahk, c`h aur prcykrs ia aut

ta cmm ae tfk eclgmy lkljkrs wfa wkrk

ceekotkh jy tfgs lcttkr. [èartu`ctkmy, G

suspkot tfct wk fcvk`t fkcrh tfk mcst ae

tfgs last uèartu`ctk ofcptkr g` aur

stctks pamgtgocm fgstary.

D[_XGOKHKRCZXLK@X_FA[MHOMKCZXFKCGZ

Xfk [._. Fausk Duhgogcry Oallgttkk

fcs rkqukstkh tfct tfk Dustgok Hkpcrt-

lk`t pravghk haoulk`ts g`vamvgì tfk

_gkikmlc` praskoutga`.Cooarhgì ta c`kws rkmkcsk eral tfk oallgttkk ofcgr-

lc`, fgs oallgttkk gs kxpmargì omcgls

tfct (_gkikmlc`s) rkok`t oa`vgotga`,

claì atfkrs,lcy fcvk jkk` c pcrt ae c

pcttkr` ae skmkotgvk, pamgtgocm praskou-

tga`s jy c ùljkr ae [._. Cttar`kys

corass tfk oau`try.Cs fcs jkk` wghkmy

rkpartkh, tfk earlkr iavkràr fcs

omcglkh tfct fgs praskoutga` wcs pamgtg-

ocmmy latgvctkh. Zkok`t cmmkictga`s tfct

Yfgtk Fausk aeegogcms wkrk cotucmmy

stkkrgì hkogsga`s ct tfk Dustgok Hkpcrt-

lk t fcvk hrcw` cttk`tga` ta tfk

_gkikmlc` ocsk.

Earty-eaur earlkr stctk Cttar`kys

Ik`krcm fch csnkh Oaìrkss ta g`vkstg-

ictk tfk _gkikmlc` praskoutga`. Jut, gt

cppkcrs tfct tfgs g`qugry cotucmmy stkls

eral tfk pc`kms aìagì g`vkstgictga`

g`ta wfktfkr tfk Jusf Chlg`gstrctga`

egrkh ekhkrcm praskoutars ear pamgtgocm

rkcsa`s.Cmtfauif, G cl oa`vg okh tfct

Ncrm Zavk gs ocpcjmk ae hag i c`ytfg i,gòmuhgì hgrkotgì gmmgogt trceego ct tfk

Dustgok Hkpcrtlk`t, G ha`t jkmgkvk tfk

[._. Cttar`kys aeegok g` La`tialkry

waumh cmmaw autsghk prkssurk, kvk`

eral tfk pawkreum c`h rutfmkss Zavk, ta

jk g`vamvkh g` hkogsga`-lcngì rkmctgì

ta orglg`cm ocsks. Jut, tfk jkst wcy ta

rksamvk tfk lcttkr gs ta fcvk c` g`hk-

pk`hk t c`h à`-pcrtgsc` g`qugry g`ta

tfk ofcriks c`h oau`tkr-ofcriks. Xfk

Dustgok Hkpcrtlk`t fcs g`sgstkh tfkrk

wcs à pamgtgocm g vamvklk`t c`h G fapk

tfct wgmm pravk ta jk tfk ocsk.

[._. Cttar`ky Mkurc Oc`cry rkouskh

fkrskme eral tfk _gkikmlc` g`vkstgictga`

g` :22: cetkr fgs mcwykrs oalpmcg`kh tfct

tfk prajk wcs pamgtgocmmy latgvctkh.

Jkocusk sfk wcs c` cppag`tkk ae Rrksg-

hk`t Jusf c`h fkr fusjc`h, Jgmm Oc`cry,

wcs c Zkpujmgoc` pamgtgocm oa`sumtc`t

wfa fch warnkh wgtf tfk Jusf Yfgtk

Fausk, gt wcs tfk prapkr tfgì ta ha.

Cmtfauif Jgmm c`h G skmhal cirkk a` pamgt-

gocm lcttkrs, G oa`sghkr fgl c ergk`h c`h

G@ XFG_ G__[K

G. Ocpgtam Ajskrvctga s . . . . . . . . . . . . :

GG. Mkigsmctgvk Fcppk`gìs . . . . . . . . . . 5

GGG. Oaurt Yctof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

GU. Xfk @ctga`cm _ok`k . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

U. Xfk Oarparctk Yarmh . . . . . . . . . . 33

UG. Oclpcgi` Eg`còk Zkearl . . . . . . 38

UGG. Oaìrkssga`cm [phctk . . . . . . . . . . 38

UGGG. Rrahuot Mgcjgmgty [phctk . . . . . . . . 3;

GV. Lcss Xarts [phctk. . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

V. Jusg`kss Mgtgictga` . . . . . . . . . . . . :;

VG. G`surcòk c`h Eg`còk [phctk . . . :;

VGG. Rrkhctary Mk`hgì. . . . . . . . . . . . . :6

VGGG. Rrklgsks Mgcjgmgty [phctk . . . . . . . :7

VGU. Yarnpmcok Fczcrhs. . . . . . . . . . . . ?3

VU. Xrc spartctga` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??

VUG. Crjgtrctga` [phctk . . . . . . . . . . . . ?8

VUGG. Fkcmtfocrk Gssuks . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?;

VUGGG. K`vgra`lk`tcm Oa okr`s . . . . . . . . ?;

VGV. Xfk Oa`sulkr Oar`kr. . . . . . . . . . ?9

VV. Zkocmms [phctk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:

VVG. _pkogcm Zkoai`gtga`s. . . . . . . . . . . 88

VVGG. Egrl Cotgvgtgks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8;

VVGGG. _alk Omasgì Ajskrvctga`s. . . . . . 85

VVGU. Ly Rcrtgì Yarhs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89


3/48JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal ?

cmsa c lc` ae tfk fgifkst g`tkirgty. G ha`t

jkmgkvk tfgs lc` waumh rgsn fgs iaah rkp-

utctga` jy jkgì g`vamvkh g` tfgs sart ae

tfgì rkicrhmkss ae wfct pamgtgocm gssuks

ar pcrtgks wkrk g vamvkh. Ocrkkr Dustgok

Hkpcrtlk`t mcwykrs g` La`tialkry

fc`hmkh tfk praskoutga` ae _gkikmlc`

c`h _orusfy c`h cppcrk`tmy hgh c vkry

iaah daj.@kvkrtfkmkss, G jkmgkvk tfct c`

g`vkstgictga` waumh omkcr tfk cgr c`h ear

tfct rkcsa` gts c iaah tfgì.

_aurok4 Cssaogctkh Rrkss

@A@KAEXFKCJAUKMKCH_XFKIAR RCON

C rkok`t `ctga`cm pamm fcs eau`h tfct

à`k ae tfk cjavk gs tfk mkchgì IAR

prksghk`tgcm oc`hghctk ct tfgs pag`t g`

tglk.Erc`nmy, tfct haks`t oalk cs luof

ae c surprgsk wfk` yau maan ocrkeummy ct

cmm ae tfk Zkpujmgoc` oc`hghctks c`hkxclg`k tfkgr rkspkotgvk rkoarhs c`h

jconirau`hs. Xwk`ty-tfrkk (:?%)

pkrok`t ae tfk pkapmk wfa wgmm vatk

`kxt ykcr scy tfky ha`t mgnk tfk ourrk`t

egkmh. Xfct gs up eral eaurtkk` (38%)

pkrok`t g` Du`k,wfgof g` ly apg`ga` gs

last sgi`gegoc t. Zuhy Igumgc`g,wfa gs c

rkcm socry ekmmaw, pammkh tfk jkst claì

tfk IAR oc`hghctks ct twk`ty-a`k (:3%)

pkrok t. Zu``gì skoa`h ta à`k ae tfk

cjavk ct tfgs stcik gs`t c iaah sgi` eartfk earlkr @kw Warn Lcyar.

Xa chh ta tfk prajmkl, Igumgc g gs

ru``gì vgrtucmmy kvk` wgtf Erkh

Xfalpsa`, c` u`c`àuòkh oc`hghctk

wfa wgmm mgnkmy oa`tgùk ta rgsk g` tfk

pamms jkocusk cmm ae tfk atfkrs crk kgtfkr

hrappgì aut ar crk ct c vkry maw mkvkm

ae suppart. Gt haks skkl sartc strcìk

tfct c IAR oc`hghctk wgtf cmm ae tfk

jciicik tfct Igumgc`g fcs oaumh jk tfk

mkchgì c`àuòkh oc`hghctk ear tfk

last glpartc`t daj g` tfk warmh.Cmm aetfgs lcy cooau`t ear tfk ecot tfct Lgssgs-

sgppg Iavkràr Fcmky Jcrjaur gs

famhgì eu`hrcgskrs aut ae fgs falk

stctk g` fgs rkkmkotga` jgh.Xfkrk gs cmsa

salk tcmn tfct aur aw` iavkràr, Jaj

Zgmky, gs jkgì kòaurcikh jy salk eamns

g` Ycsfgìta` ta tcnk c skoa`h maan ct

tfk rcok.Yfk` yau oa`sghkr faw wkcn

tfk IAR egkmh gs, c _autfkr` iavkràr

wgtf c vkry iaah rkoarh oaumh jk c

vgcjmk cmtkr`ctgvk ta tfk ourrk`t orap ae

oc`hghctks.

LAZKIAAH@KY_EZALXFK_RGUKWOC_K

Cmm taa aetk`, tfk pasgtgvk glpcot tfct

oalks eral prahuot mgcjgmgty mgtgictga` gs

giàrkh jy tfk `kws lkhgc. Ear tfctrkcsa , lc`y pkapmk `kvkr rkcmgzk tfk

glpartcòk ae tfk glpcot ae tfgs typk ae

mgtgictga`.C irkct ùljkr ae tfk scekty

lkcsurks tfct fcvk jkk` jrauift cjaut

c`h glpmklk`tkh jy cutalajgmk lcù-

ecoturkrs oclk cjaut cs c hgrkot rksumt

ae mcwsugts.Cmtfauif g`hgvghucm mcwsugts

g`vamvgì c hkekotgvk prahuot ha`t

cmwcys ikt c irkct hkcm ae cttk`tga`, tfct

gs u`hkrstc`hcjmk.Xfask kvk`ts sglpmy

ha`t lcnk ear iaah fkchmg ks wfk` sa

lc`y jch tfgìs crk iagì a` g` aur

saogkty. Gt gs ik`krcmmy jch fcppk`gìs

tfct lcnk tfk giftmy kws.Zkok`tmy, G

rkokgvkh c mkttkr eral c mcwykr ergk`h,

Erc`n O.FclYgmsa`, wfa àw mgvks g`

@artf Ocramg`c c`h wfa wcs g`vamvkh

g` c trcotar cooghk`t. Xfgs tkmms faw c

mcwsugt aur egrl fc`hmkh skvkrcm ykcrs

cia fch c` keekot a` fgs mgek.Fkrks wfct

Erc`n fch ta scy4

G rkok`tmy fch c` cooghk`t a` c

slcmm ecrl trcotar, c`h G cl vkry

eartu`ctk ta jk cmgvk. G rammkh cjaut

?2 ekkt haw` c 9;-hkirkk kljc`n-

lk`t c`h mgvkh ta tkmm cjaut gt. Ge

tfk trcotar fch àt fch c ramm jcr,

c`h fch G àt jkk` wkcrgì tfk

skctjkmt , G cl oaèghk`t tfct G

waumh àt fcvk survgvkh.Xfk ramm

jcr cjsarjkh c trklk`haus

clau t ae earok, c`h G stcykh g

tfk skct.

G fcvk sgòk tcmnkh ta lc y pkapmk

wfa fcvk nàw` atfkrs wfa fcvk

jkk` g`vamvkh g` sglgmcr trcotar

cooghk`ts, c`h last ae tfkl hgh

àt survgvk ar wkrk skvkrkmy

g`durkh. Last ae tfask trcotars

kgtfkr wkrk amhkr c`h àt

kqugppkh wgtf scekty kqugplk`t

ar gt wcs àt uskh. Gòghk`tcmmy, tfk

skctjkmt c`h ramm jcr a` ly trcotar

wkrk gòmuhkh, ct mkcst g pcrt,

jkocusk ae mcwsugts tfct wkrk egmkh

cicg`st trcotar lcùecoturkrs

salk ykcrs cia.Mcrik vkrhgots c`h

tfk tfrkct ae euturk vkrhgots earokh

tfk trcotar g`hustry ta jkig`

gòmuhgì tfk scekty kqugplk`t a`

cmm trcotars, c`h yau wgmm àt eg`h

c mctkr lahkm trcotar tahcy

wgtfaut gt. Hkspgtk wfct gs aetk`

rkpartkh, àt cmm mcwsugts skrvk

a`my ta mg`k tfk paonkts ae tfask

g`vamvkh> salk rksumt g` scekr prah-

uots ear us cmm. G cl imch scekty

kqugplk`t wcs gòmuhkh a` ly

trcotar, jkocusk gt warnkh c`h

fkmpkh scvk ly mgek. G cmsa cl

tfc`neum ear cmm wfa nkpt lk g`

tfkgr tfauifts c`h prcykrs, salk

ae wfal G fcvk `kvkr lkt. Xfky

warnkh, taa.Xfk jattal mg`k gs4 ge gtfcs c skctjkmt, wkcr gt.

Avkr tfk pcst skvkrcm ykcrs, G fcvk

rkokgvkh c ùljkr ae sglgmcr rkspa`sks

jkocusk ae tfk rksumt g` tfk _pgvky ocsk,

wfgof wcs c wraìeum hkctf mcwsugt

g`vamvgì c Nujatc trcotar. @at a`my hgh

tfk _pgvky eclgmy rkokgvk $32 lgmmga`

eral Nujatc,tfky kxpaskh ta tfk warmh

faw tfk k`tgrk trcotar g`hustry ct tfk

tglk wcs rkeusgì ta put ramm jcrs c`h

skctjkmts a` ecrl trcotarskvk` tfauiftfk oalpc`gks n`kw tfausc`hs ae

pkrsa`s wkrk jkgì ngmmkh g` rammavkr

cooghk`ts. Jy rkeusgì ta cirkk ta oaèg-

hk`tgcmgty cs c oa`hgtga` ae skttmklk`t

a` tfk egetf hcy ae trgcm,tfk _pgvky eclgmy

hgh c skrvgok ta ecrlkrs c`h ecrl eclg-

mgks kvkrywfkrk. Ge yau ia ta tfk Nujatc

Ykjsgtk tahcy, yau wgmm skk tfct tfgs

lcùecoturkr oa`sghkrs gtskme c mkchkr g`

rammavkr pratkotga`. Jut ear tfk _pgvky

ocsk, tfct waumh`t jk tfk ocsk.Nujatc

lcy fcvk mkh tfk g`hustry g` puttgì ramm

jcrs c`h skct jkmts a` tfkgr trcotars, jut

gt waumh`t fcvk fcppk`kh fch tfk

_pgvky eclgmy àt egmkh tfkgr mcwsugt c h

eauift c pawkreum oarparctga` ta tfk

vkry k`h. Gt taan c irkct hkcm ae oaurcik

ta rkeusk ta cookpt c $32 lgmmga` skttmk-

lk`t g` tfkgr wraìeum hkctf ocsk ge

tfky fch ta cirkk ta oaèghk`tgcmgty c`h

ta c rktur` ae hclcigì Nujatc haou-


4/488 JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal

lk`ts.Nujatc eg`cmmy cirkkh ta hrap tfk

oa`hgtga`s c`h skttmk tfk ocsk, c`h tfk

rkst gs fgstary. Ls. _pgvky c`h fkr ofgm-

hrk` fkmh c `kws oaèkrkòk c`h tamh

tfk Nujatc stary.

Xfkrk crk lc`y atfkr ocsks mgnk tfk

_pgvky ocsk tfct fcvk fch c pasgtgvk

glpcot a` prahuot scekty. Cmtfauif

kvkryjahy prajcjmy rklkljkrs tfk Earh

Rg`ta ocsk, tfkrk fcs jkk` luof lark

lkhgc cttk`tga` ta tfk LoHa`cmh oaeekk

ocsk c`h lark rkok`tmy tfk gèclaus

pc`ts ocsk egmkh jy c` chlg`gstrctgvk

mcw duhik g` Ycsfg ita`,H.O.Oa`sulkr

iraups c`h mcwykrs wfa rkprksk`t

vgotgls lust ha c jkttkr daj ae mkttgì

tfk pujmgo nàw cjaut tfk ramk mcwsugts

pmcy g` jrgìgì cjaut scekr prahuots ear

[._. oa`sulkrs. G nàw egrst-fc`h tfk

pasgtgvk keekot tfct mgtgictga` fcs fch.Jut

G rkcmgzk tfct kvkryjahy haks`t sfcrktfct vgkw.Xfct lust ofcìk!

DAKJAZI_RKCN_A[XA@G@UK_XAZOA@OKZ@_

Daskpf R. Jari, Rrksghk`t ae tfk @artf

Clkrgoc` _kourgtgks Chlg`gstrctars

Cssaogctga` (@C_CC), tamh c Oaìrks-

sga`cm pc`km mcst la`tf tfct cmmawgì

pujmgo aeekrgìs ae prgvctk kqugty c`h

fkhik eu`h lc`ciklk`t egrls wgtfaut

cppraprgctk rkiumctary pratkotga`s puts

rktcgm g vkstars ct rgsn. Dak, wfa cs yau

nàw skrvks cs tfk Hgrkotar ae tfk

Cmcjclc _kourgtgks Oallgssga`,stctkh4

Huk ta c mcon ae trc`spcrkòy, tfk

mkvkm ae g`hgvghucm c`h systklgo

rgsn cttcofkh ta tfksk g`vkstlk`ts

rklcg`s u`nàw` ta tfk g`hgvgh-

ucm g`vkstar. Xfkgr ekk struoturks

c`h mcon ae eumm hgsomasurk

ajsourk rkcm rktur`s.Xfk struoturk

ae tfksk `kw g`strulk ts pmcoks

g`vkstars g` c vum`krcjmk pasg-

tga`, sujdkot ta tfk wfgls ae oa`-

trammgì pkrsa`s c`h mgtkrcmmy

wgtfaut rkoaursk. G` mgift ae tfk

oalpmkxgty c`h uòkrtcg`ty sur-

rau`hg i tfksk g`strulk`ts, cmmaw-

gì tfkl ta jk aeekrkh ta tfk

pujmgo wgtfaut cppraprgctk rkiu-

mctary pratkotga`s pasks skrgaus

rgsns ta g`vkstars.

Daks rklcrns oclk hurgì tkstgla`y

g` c fkcrgì jkeark tfk [._. Fausk ae

Zkprksk`tctgvks Oallgttkk a` Avkr-

sgift c`h Iavkr`lk`t Zkearl _ujoal-

lgttkk a` Halkstgo Ramgoy.Xfk fkcrgì

kxclg`kh tfk passgjmk rgsns prksk`tkh

ta rktcgm g`vkstars jy tfk rkok`t Jmcon-sta`k Iraup M.R. c`h sglgmcr upoalgì

g`gtgcm pujmgo aeekrgìs ae tfk lc`cik-

lk`t k`tgtgks ae fkhik eu`hs c`h

prgvctk kqugty eu`hs. G` fgs tkstgla`y,

Dak ajskrvkh4

@kw g`vkstlk`ts wgtf fgifmy

oalpmkx struoturks, apcquk g`vkst-

lk`t strctkigks, c`h hujgaus prae-

gtcjgmgty fcvk crrgvkh a` Lcg`

_trkkt. Rrkogskmy jkocusk ae tfgs

trk`h, tfk g`vkstar pratkotga`sceearhkh jy stctutks mgnk tfk G vkst-

lk`t Oalpc`y Cot (GOC) crk lark

glpartc`t tfc` kvkr.

Dak tkstgegkh tfct pujmgo aeekrgìs,

suof cs tfk rkok`t Jmconsta`k GRA, ogr-

oulvk`t tfk iavkr`còk pratkotga`s

lc`hctkh jy tfk GOC,kvk` tfauif gt gs

à maìkr c prgvctk g`vkstlk`t

oalpc y. Ear kxclpmk,u`hkr tfk GOC, c

eu`h lust fcvk g`hkpk`hk`t hgrkotars

wfa rkprksk`t tfk g`tkrksts ae pujmgog`vkstars, wfgof gs àt tfk ocsk wgtf

Jmconsta`k. Xfk skourgtgks mcws ecvar

sujstcòk avkr earl c`h hgshcg` struo-

turks wfask a`my purpask gs ta kvchk

tfkgr rkcof.G` rkcmgty, jatf prk- c`h past-

GRA, Jmconsta`k euòtga`s cs c` g`vkst-

lk`t oalpc`y tfct kcr`s gts gòalk

tfrauif g`vkstlk`ts. Eral c` g`vkstar

pratkotga` stc`hpag`t, gt gs hgeegoumt ta

dustgey tfk kxomusga` Jmconsta`k k`days

eral tfk scekiucrhs lc`hctkh u`hkr

tfk GOC. Cooarhgì ta Dak, tfk pujmgo

pamgoy gssuk gs faw luof rgsn, kvk`

wfk` hgsomaskh, sfaumh jk trc`sekrrkh

ta tfk ik`krcm pujmgo.

_pkcngì cs Rrksghk`t,Dak klpfcsgzkh

tfct @C_CC haks àt ajdkot ta cookss ta

cmtkr`ctgvk g`vkstlk`ts jy rktcgm g`vkstars

sa maì cs tfky crk cooalpc`gkh jy cmm

cppraprgctk c`h `koksscry g`vkstar pra-

tkotga`s, rgifts,c`h rklkhgks. Fk scys gt

oc` a`my jk cooalpmgsfkh jy k`surgì

suof g`vkstlk`ts crk aeekrkh pursuc`t ta

tfk cppraprgctk Cot,chhgì4

Clkrgocs rktcgm g`vkstars crk àt

cooustalkh ta tfk rkcmgtgks ae

cmtkr`ctgvk g`vkstlk`ts4 partea-

mgas ae gmmgqugh skourgtgks> tfk usk ae

sujstc`tgcm mkvkrcik> oaòk`trctgaàe g`vkstlk`ts> c`h kxokssgvk oal-

pk`sctga` crrcìklk`ts hktrg-

lk`tcm ta tfkgr g`tkrksts.

@C_CC gs tfk amhkst g`tkr`ctga`cm

aric`gzctga` hkvatkh ta g`vkstar pratko-

tga`. Gts lkljkrsfgp oa`sgsts ae tfk

skourgtgks chlg`gstrctars g` tfk ;2 stctks,

tfk Hgstrgot ae Oamuljgc, Rukrta Zgoa,

tfk [._.Ugrig` Gsmc`hs, tfk pravgòks c`h

tkrrgtargks ae Oc`chc, c`h Lkxgoa. Gt gs

iaah ta nàw tfct c hkhgoctkh pujmgoskrvc`t suof cs Dak Jari gs tfkgr mkchkr.

_aurok4 @kw Warn Xglks

KVVA@LAJGMG_XFKYAZMH_LA_XRZAEGXCJMKOAZRAZCXGA@

Gts prktty ajvgaus tfksk hcys tfct jgi

agm lkc`s jgi praegts,c`h G ha`t jkmgkvk

tfct wk fcvk ykt skk` tfk warst. C

rkok`t rkpart g`hgoctks tfct k`kriy oal-

pc`gks rumk tfk raast claì tfk :229Eartu`k ;22 Imajcm mgstg i. G wcs t sur-

prgskh ta rkch tfct sgx ae tfk Xap 32

oalpc`gks jy rkvkùk a` tfk mgst crk

pktramkul prahuokrs. Xfrkk lark crk

tfk oarparctga`s wfask prahuots ru`

a` icsamg`k, g.k., tfk lcdar cutalcnkrs.

@kgtfkr wcs G surprgskh ta skk tfct

Kxxa`Lajgm Oarp, tfk tap agm oalpc`y,

wcs ùljkr twa a` tfk avkrcmm mgst. G`

ecot, tfk agm igc t gs cmsa tfk warmhs

last praegtcjmk oalpc`y, ct $?7.;

jgmmga` g` :225. @at a`my gs Kxxa`Lajgmpraegtcjmk, gt gs kxtrklkmy pawkreum eral

c pamgtgocm pkrspkotgvk c`h atfkrwgsk. G

haujt tfct lc`y eamns cotucmmy rkcmgzk

faw straì tfkgr pamgtgocm pawkr c`h

gèmukòk rkcmmy gs. G oc` tkmm yau egrst-

fc`h faw straì gt gs c`h a`k ae tfksk

hcys, ge G kvkr wrgtk c jaan, G wgmm gòmuhk

c ofcptkr a` Kxxa`Lajgm.

_aurok4 Hcmmcs Jusg`kss Daur`cm


5/48JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal ;

HKCXF_G@XFKZC@N_AEMCYK@EAZOKLK@XCZKCXXFKFGIFK_XMKUKM

Xfkrk fcs jkk` c mcrik gòrkcsk g` tfk

ùljkr ae hkctfs ae mcw kèaroklk`t

aeegokrs hurgì tfk egrst sgx la`tfs ae

tfgs ykcr. C skrgks ae ectcm sfaatgìs gs

rkspa`sgjmk ear tfgs sch cssksslk`t ae

wfct aeegokrs fcvk ta ecok. C rkok`t

rkpart rkvkcms tfct ?7 aeegokrs wkrkngmmkh g` tfk mg`k ae huty cs tfk rksumt ae

sfaatgìs g` tfk egrst pcrt ae tfgs ykcr.

Xfct gs sfaongì `kws c`h G fapk tfgs

trk`h wgmm àt oa`tgùk. Ugamk`t orglk

corass tfk oau`try cppkcrs ta jk tfk

prglcry ocusk ear tfk gòrkcsk g` sfaat-

gìs c`h hkctfs.Xfk pujmgo sfaumh jk

cmcrlkh avkr tfksk ùljkrs, c`h G fapk

wgmm ikt cotgvkmy g vamvkh g` c lavklk`t

ta ourj vgamk`t orglk g` aur `ctga`.

Xfk egrst tfgì wk oc` ha gs ta

hklc`h tfct aur pujmgo aeegogcms

suppart praircls tfct wgmm igvk tfask g`

mcw kèaroklk`t cmm ae tfk taams `koks-

scry ta egift orglk keekotgvkmy c`h cs

scekmy cs passgjmk.Xfk `kxt stkp waumh

jk ta lcnk Oaìrkss c`h tfk EOO warn

ta omkc` up tfk tkmkvgsga` praircllgì

tfct ekcturks kxtrklk vgamkòk a` c

hcgmy jcsgs. Xfask wfa lcnk lavgks

sfaumh cmsa jk lchk ta omkc` up tfkgr

cot. G jkmgkvk tfct salk rkcsa`cjmk iu`

oa`tram lkcsurks sfaumh jk k`cotkhtfct ct mkcst ikt wkcpa`s mgnk csscumt

rgemks aee tfk strkkts.Yk lust fcvk sk`sg-

jmk c`h warncjmk rkqugrklk`ts ear tfk

scmk ae fc`h iu`s c`h rgemks ae cmm ng`hs.

Jconirau`h ofkons c`h wcgtgì pkrgahs

crk c `kokssgty. Eg`cmmy, wk sfaumh pcy

mcw kèaroklk`t aeegokrs c hkok`t

wcik.Lc`y aeegokrs fcvk ta warn ct a`k

ar lark pcrt-tglk dajs dust ta lcnk

k`hs lkkt kcof wkkn. Xfky c`h tfkgr

eclgmgks hkskrvk luof lark tfc` wk

usucmmy pravghk ear tfkl. Gts tglk ear

tfk pamgtgocm mkchkrs cmm corass tfk

oau`try ta stkp up ta tfk pmctk c`h

rkcmmy suppart mcw kèaroklk t!

MCY_[GXHG_LG__KH

Xfk mcwsugt wfgof fch jkk` egmkh jy

Xfk Ofrgstgc` Oacmgtga` ae Cmcjclc

cicg`st gts amh mkchkr Daf` Igmks wcs hgs-

lgsskh mcst la`tf. Gt cppkcrs tfk hgeekr-

kòks jktwkk` tfk pcrtgks wkrk warnkh

aut c`h tfcts iaah. G jkmgkvk tfct wcs

tfk prapkr oaursk ae cotga` c`h fapk-

eummy tfk skttmklk`t wgmm k`h tfk lcttkr.

@kgtfkr Hr. Zc`hy Jrg`sa` àr Daf`

Igmks lchk c`y oallk`t a` tfk k`hgì

ae tfkgr mcwsugt,wfgof gs cmsa vkry iaah

HKCXFOC_K__KXXMKHH[ZG@IXZGCM

Aur egrl skttmkh c ocsk g`vamvgì twa

hkctfs crgsgì aut ae c latar vkfgomk oam-

mgsga` a` tfk skoa`h hcy ae trgcm. Jatf

aooupc`ts g` c Mgòam` Xaw` ocr wkrk

ngmmkh wfk` tfk ocr wcs fgt ct tfk g`tkr-

skotga` ae twa stctk fgifwcys g` c rurcm

crkc ae tfk stctk.Xfk oammgsga` aoourrkh

ct cjaut 64?2 p.l. g` Du`k :22;. Xfk

hrgvkr ae c trcotar c`h trcgmkr rgi orcsfkh

g`ta tfk ocr ct tfk g`tkrskotga` ocusgì

tfk ocr ta jk mgtkrcmmy tar` g`ta twa skpc-

rctk pgkoks. Gt wcs fgt sa fcrh tfct tfk

stkkm erclks a` kcof sghk wkrk pummkh

cpcrt wfgof gs cmlast glpassgjmk. Xfk

traapkr wfa g`vkstgictkh tfk gòghk`t

scgh gt wcs c vgamk`t orcsf c`h tfk warst

wrkon fk fch kvkr skk`. Xfk truon

hrgvkr, wfa wcs omcssgegkh u`hkr tfk

Hkpcrtlk`t ae Xrc`spartctga` (HAX)

rkiumctga`s cs c` fcjgtucm spkkhkr,wcstfk a`my wgt`kss ta tfk gòghk`t. Aur

cooghk`t rkoa`struotga`gst tkstgegkh tfct

tfk trcotar-trcgmkr u`gt wcs trcvkmgì ct 9;

lpf ct glpcot. G`tkrkstgìmy, tfk hkek`-

hc`ts kxpkrt put tfk spkkh ct ;; lpf

c`h cotucmmy ct a`k pag`t tkstgegkh g` hkp-

asgtga` tfct tfk glpcot spkkh wcs cjaut

8: lpf.Xfct waumh fcvk jkk` last hge-

egoumt ta skmm ta c dury kspkogcmmy wfk` gt

wcs sfaw` tfct tfgs kxpkrt earlkh fgs

spkkh apg`ga`s wgtfaut kvk` nàwgì

wfct tfk hrgvkr fch tkstgegkh cjaut g`hkpasgtga`. G` Ecot, tfk hkek`sk hgh`t

kvk` nàw tfct tfk trcotar-trcgmkr rgi fch

c` CJ_ jrkcngì systkl.

Dumgc Jkcsmky, Jayh Yfgifcl, c`h G

rkprksk`tkh a`k ae tfk eclgmgks c`h

Hcvgh Oawc`, Zajkrt Rattkr, c`h Xal

Nkmmy rkprksk`tkh tfk atfkr eclgmy. Aur

kxpkrts wkrk Jyrc`t Juon`kr (cooghk`t

rkoa`struotga`) c`h Zaikr Cmmk` (HAX

rkiumctga`s). Kcof ae tfk kxpkrts hgh c`

autstc`hgì daj.Xfk clau`t ae tfk skt-

tmklk`t gs oaèghk`tgcm ct tfk rkqukst ae

tfk hkek`hc`ts. Cmm haoulk`ts tfct

wkrk ajtcg`kh hurgì prktrgcm hgsoavkry

crk àw u`hkr skcm jy oaurt arhkr c`h

oc`àt jk hgsousskh. Chhgtga`cmmy, tfk

`clks ae tfk hkek`hc`ts crk cmsa u`hkr

skcm c`h oc`àt jk rkvkcmkh.Yk wkrk

pmkcskh ta fcvk jkk` cjmk ta rksamvk

tfgs lcttkr ear aur omgk`ts c`h tfcts

wfct gs last glpartc`t.

YZA@IE[MHKCXFOC_KG@UAMUG@IIL_KXXMK_

Aur egrl skttmkh c wraìeum hkctf ocsk

mcst la`tf crgsgì aut ae c` cutalajgmk

cooghk`t tfct aoourrkh g` Rkrry Oau`ty,

Cmcjclc, a` Du`k :5, :22;. Aur omgk`ts

ectfkr, @ctfc gkm Icry, wcs hrgvgì c377; Amhslajgmk Outmcss wfk` fgs ocr

wcs struon jy c :228 Earh E3;2 g` wfct

wcs jcsgocmmy c` aeeskt era`tcm oammgsga`.

Lr. Icry hgkh cs c rksumt ae g`durgks fk

sustcg`kh g` tfk cooghk`t.Xfk hrgvkr ae

tfk Earh E3;2 wcs g`taxgoctkh c`h fcs

jkk` ofcrikh wgtf vkfgoumcr falgoghk.

Lr. Icry wcs prapkrmy wkcrgì fgs skct-

jkmt c`h hgh cjsamutkmy àtfgì ta oa`-

trgjutk ta tfk cooghk t. Aur cooghk`t

rkoa`struotga` kxpkrt pmcokh tfk spkkh

ae tfk Icry vkfgomk ct 5.9 lpf c`h tfk

spkkh ae tfk Earh E3;2 ct ?7.: lpf.Xfk

hkmtc U ear tfk Icry vkfgomk wcs :6.:

lpf. Xfgs wcs oaègrlkh jy tfk _HL

haw`mach ae tfk Icry vkfgomk wfgof

sfawkh c ofcìk g` vkmaogty ae :9.7

lpf.Aur omcgl wcs tfct tfk Amhslajgmk

Outmcss _uprklk, wfgof wcs c IL Y

ocr, wcs àt orcsfwartfy. Xfkrk wkrk

salk kxtrklkmy paar hksgi` ofagoks

lchk jy Ik`krcm Latars oaòkr`gì tfk

vkfgomk g`vamvkh g` aur ocsk.Xfk IL Y ocr wcs pcrt ae c oast

rkhuotga` praircl nàw` ct Ik`krcm

Latars cs Rradkot 3622.[`hkr tfgs oast

rkhuotga` praircl, IL rkhuokh tfk

avkrcmm prahuotga` oast ae tfk Y ocr jy

$3622 pkr vkfgomk.C irkct hkcm ae tfk

oast rkhuotga` wcs cofgkvkh jy rklav-

gì c`h/ar tfg``gì lktcm g` tfk glpcot

lc`ciklk`t systkl ae tfk vkfgomk,



wfgof orkctkh scekty prajmkls._alk ae

ILs irkctkst oast rkhuotga` suookss

wcs wgtf tfk Y ocr.Kvghkòk ae faw gt

ceekotkh scekty wcs tfk paar pkrearl-

còk ae tfk Icry vkfgomk g` tfgs oammg-

sga`. _cekty wcs oalpralgskh jy IL g`

arhkr ta gòrkcsk praegts c`h tfct sglpmy

oc`t jk dustgegkh.

G` tfgs cooghk t,Lr.Icry wcs hkprgvkh

ae tfk jk`kegt ae fgs skctjkmt c`h cgrjci

huk ta tfk oammcpsk ae tfk aooupc`t

oalpcrtlk`t.Xfk oammcpsk wcs c hgrkot

rksumt ae tfk hksgi` emcws put g` pmcok jy

IL.Fgs fkch wcs hrgvk` g`ta tfk C pgmmcr

ae tfk vkfgomk c`h Lr. Icry hgkh cs c

rksumt ae tfgs lcssgvk trculc ta fgs fkch.

Xfk aooupc`t survgvcm spcok, wfgof gs

rkekrrkh ta cs tfk scekty ocik, wcs

tatcmmy hkstraykh g tfk orcsf. Gt wcs sgi-

`gegoc`t tfct tfk Y ocr pkrearlkh paarmy

g` ILs g`tkr`cm tkstgì. G` ecot, skvkrcmpratatypk vkfgomks hgh àt kvk` lkkt

tfk oalpc`ys g`tkr`cm stc`hcrhs. Aur

ng`klctgos kxpkrt scgh tfct fch tfk

aooupc`t oalpcrtlk`t jkk` prkskrvkh,

Lr. Icrys skctjkmt c`h cgrjci waumh

fcvk jkk` cjmk ta pkrearl prapkrmy

rksumtgì g` à mgek-tfrkctk`gì g`durgks.

D.R. _cwykr c`h Oamk Rartgs rkprksk`tkh

Lr. Icrys eclgmy g` tfgs ocsk c`h hgh c`

autstc`hgì daj. Xfk ocsk wcs skttmkh

hurgì lkhgctga` ear c` clau`t tfct gs

oaèghk tgcm. Aur kxpkrts wkrk4 Jryc`t

Juof`kr (cooghk`t rkoa`struotga`)> Dgl

Lu`ha (hksgi`)>c`h Hr. Dak Jurta` (aoou-

pc`t ng`klctgos).Aur egrl fcs fch atfkr

ocsks g`vamvgì ILs $3622 praircl c`h

càtfkr ocmmkh tfk $:;22 praircl. G`

kcof ocsk,tfk oalpralgsgì ae scekty jy

tfk oalpc`y rksumtkh g` trcigo oa sk-

qukòks ear g`àok`t vgotgls.

GG.MKIG_MCXGUK

FCRRK@G@I_

CMMG_S[GKXA@XFKMKIG_MCXGUKEZA@XG@CMCJCLC

Eamns crk stgmm tcmngì cjaut tfk ecgm-

urks ae tfk rkok`tmy oalpmktkh rkiumcr

skssga` ae tfk Cmcjclc Mkigsmcturk, c`h

last ae tfk oallk`ts crk àt taa oal-

pmglk`tcry. Avkr tfk pcst skvkrcm wkkns,

tfk oa`tgùgì egift jktwkk` _k`ctar

Ofcrmks Jgsfap c`h _k`ctar Mawkmm

Jcrra` fcs cmsa jkk` c tapgo ae oa`vkr-

sctga` jatf g` tfk lkhgc c`h ct tfk

oaeekk sfaps. Eartu`ctkmy, tfkgr egift

fcs`t iattk` jcon ta tfk pfysgocm sart.

Last eamns crk dust fcppy ta nàw tfct

tfk mkigsmctars crk jcon falk.Cmm ae aur

Cmcjclc rkchkrs sfaumh kòaurcik tfkgr

Fausk lkljkrs c`h _k`ctars ta put

pcrtgsc` pamgtgos csghk wfk` tfky oalk

jcon ta La`tialkry ear tfk :226

rkiumcr skssga`. Jcskh a` wfct G fkcr

eral eamns G tcmn wgtf, àjahy wc ts c

spkogcm skssga` c`y tglk saa`. G` ly

apg`ga`, ocmmgì c skssga` ear c`y rkcsa`

waumh jk c lcdar c`h oastmy lgstcnk.

XFKRCWHCWMK@HG@IJGMM_ECGMKH

G ecgmkh ta lk`tga` mcst la tf tfct tfk

pcyhcy mac` jgmms ecgmkh ta pcss g` tfk

rkiumcr skssga . Erc`nmy, G rkcmmy wcs`t

surprgskh jkocusk ae tfk pawkreum maj-

jygì gèmukòk tfk mac` sfcrns k`day. G

fapk tfct pujmgo prkssurk eral pkapmk

crau`h tfk stctk wgmm eg`cmmy jk kàuif

ta earok mkigsmctars ta pcss c tauif jgmm

tfct wgmm rkcmmy rkiumctk c` g`hustry tfctgs tatcmmy aut ae oa`tram. Rkrsa`s wfa

fcvk ta hkcm wgtf pcyhcy mk`hkrs lust

jk pratkotkh,c`h tfk Mkigsmcturk fcs c`

ajmgictga` ta lcnk tfct pratkotga` c

rkcmgty.

GGG.

OA[ZX YCXOF

OAZRAZCXKEZC[HUKZ_[_EZGUAMA[_MCY_[GX_

Xfk sa-ocmmkh ogvgm dustgok rkearls tfct

tfk igc`ts ae Oarparctk Clkrgoc fcvk

jkk` pusfgì ear ykcrs, ha àt rkigstkr

wkmm wgtf vatkrs, cooarhgì ta tfk

rksumts ae c rkok`t `ctga`cm pamm. Jut, tfk

lksscik fcs ha`k kxtrklkmy wkmm wgtf

salk pamgtgogc`s, kspkogcmmy g` Ycsfgì-

ta`, cs wkmm cs wgtf salk g` tfk `kws

lkhgc. Xfgs pamm rkvkcmkh tfct vatkrs

warry lark cjaut oarparctk ercuh tfc`

tfky ha cjaut sa-ocmmkh ergvamaus mcw-

sugts.Xfk [._. Ofcljkr ae Oallkrok

c`h atfkr tart rkearl aric`gzctga`s

fcvk warnkh fcrh c`h spk`t lgmmga`s

pusfgì tfkgr c`tg-oa`sulkr cik`hc

avkr tfk pcst 3; ykcrs. Gt fcs rkskljmkh

tfk Ofg`ksk wctkr tarturk, c`h gt fcs

warnkh wgtf salk lkhgc autmkts c`h

wgtf c iaah ùljkr ae pamgtgogc`s.Xfk

tart rkearl lavklk`t wcs pmc``kh jy c

ùljkr ae pkrsa`s, gòmuhgì Ncrm Zavk

c`h @kcm Oafk`,c`h fcs jkk` ocrkeummy

ocrrgkh aut tfrauifaut tfk oau`try.

Xfk pamm, oa`huotkh jy Rktkr Fcrt

Zkskcrof Cssaogctks Gò., sfawkh tfct

twk`ty-eaur (:8%) pkrok`t ae vatkrs

warry cjaut pkrsa`cm g`dury ar lkhgocm

lcmprcotgok ocsks rksumtgì g` taa luofla`ky jkgì cwcrhkh ta tfk pmcg`tgees

g` mcwsugts. Fawkvkr, sgxty-eaur (58%)

pkrok`t scgh tfky wkrk warrgkh cjaut

oarparctga`s igvgì fuik scmcrgks c`h

jaùsks ta OKAs,wfgmk outtgì tfk dajs

c`h jk`kegts ae tfkgr klpmaykks. _gxty-

egvk (5;%) pkrok`t ae vatkrs pammkh scgh

tfky waumh jk lark mgnkmy ta vatk ear c

oc`hghctk wfa ecvars pratkotgì Clkrg-

oc`s mkicm rgifts c`h strkìtfk`gì tfk

ogvgm dustgok systkl sa tfct hkskrvgì

g`hgvghucms oc` ikt dustgok, c`h oarparc-

tga`s crk fkmh cooau`tcjmk c`h g`sur-

còk oalpc`gks crk rkqugrkh ta pcy

mkigtglctk omcgls tfc` ear c oc`hghctk

wfa ecvars rkstrgotg i mcwsugts c`h scys

tfct tfky furt pctgk`t ocrk, hrgvk up ocr

g`surcòk,c`h hrgvk dajs avkrskcs wfk`

haotars c`h Clkrgoc` jusg kss crk

earokh ta spk`h jgmmga`s ae hammcrs a`

u``koksscry mkicm jgmms. G jkmgkvk tfask

eg`hgìs crk last sgi`gegoc`t.Xfkrk crk

salk g` Oarparctk Clkrgoc wfa wc`tta hkstray tfk dury systkl, jut tfk

Clkrgoc` pkapmk jkmgkvk g` gt c`h wc`t

ta prkskrvk gt.

Yfk` yau put oarparctk ercuh up

cicg`st c ergvamaus mcwsugt g` c`y pamm,

tfask survkykh wgmm tkmm yau tfct tfky

ha t mgnk ercuh.G` ecot, tfk tart rkearl

lksscik fcs jkk` tfct cmm mcwsugts crk

ergvamaus c`h tfcts ajvgausmy ecmsk. G`


7/48

c`y kvk t, gt cppkcrs tfct tfk tart

rkearlkrs fcvk spk`t lgmmga`sc`h

atfkr tfc` tfkgr gèmukòk wgtf okrtcg`

pamgtgogc`stfky fcvk mgttmk ta sfaw ear

tfkgr keearts.

EKYCLKZGOC@_N@AYYFCXXFKCMKO G_CMMCJA[X

Xfkrk gs c` aric`gzctga`, tfk Clkrg-

oc` Mkigsmctgvk Kxofcìk Oauògm

(CMKO), tfct fcs c` cik`hc tfct waumh

ocusk oaòkr` ear last Clkrgoc` ogtg-

zk`s ge tfky a`my n`kw cjaut gt. CMKO

pravghks lahkm mkigsmctga` ta stctk mkigs-

mctars, c`h a`k ae tfkgr praircls gs

cglkh ct imajcm wcrlgì gssuks. [èar-

tu`ctkmy, tfk cik`hc ae CKMO gs ta hgs-

orkhgt stctk-mkvkm mkigsmctga` cglkh ct

pravghgì gòk`tgvks ta out imajcm

wcrlgì pammutga`. Eu`hkh jy eau`hc-tga`s c`h oarparctk irc`ts, CMKO gs c

lcdar pmcykr g` tfk egift ta ourj imajcm

wcrlgì pammutga`, jut uèartu`ctkmy

tfky crk a` tfk wraì sghk.Wau oc` ia

ta tfk iraups Ykjsgtk c`h yau wgmm eg`h

cmm sarts ae gèarlctga` hksgi`kh ta

hgsorkhgt tfask wfa jkmgkvk imajcm

wcrlgì gs c rkcm tfrkct ta aur warmh. G

fch wa`hkrkh wfkrk Dkee _kssga`s iat

tfk ghkc tfct ocrja` hgaxghk, c jy-

prahuot ae jur`g i eassgm eukms, wcs

iaah ear tfk k`vgra`lk`t.

Dkee tamh aur maocm Ofcljkr ae Oal-

lkrok ct c lkktgì c ekw la`tfs cia

tfct tfk pammutga` eral ocrja` hgaxghk

wcs cotucmmy c iaah tfgì jkocusk gt

lchk trkks iraw ecstkr c`h jkttkr. @aw,

G rkch wfkrk tfk CMKO fcs fch tfk vkry

sclk tfauifts.Xfky scy tfct tfk keearts

ta rkiumctk ocrja` hgaxghk cs c irkk`-

fausk ics crk fcrleum ta aur koaàly

c`h tfk k`vgra`lk`t.Gt waumh jk g`tkr-

kstgì ta skk wfkrk tfk CMKO ikts gtseu`hgì. Gt gs ceegmgctkh wgtf tfk CMKO

Eau`hctga` c`h omcgls ta fcvk ?,222

stctk mkigsmctars, 62 lkljkrs ae Oa -

irkss, c`h 3: iavkràrs cs lkljkrs. Gt

cmsa fcs ?22 oarparctk lkljkrs tfct

pcy huks. Gòghk`tcmmy, CMKO fcs cmsa

rkokgvkh cjaut $3.? lgmmga` eral

Kxxa`Lajgm.

OMKZIWCJ[_K_KXXMKLK@XCRRZAUKH

C duhik fcs cppravkh c $552 lgmmga`

skttmklk`t jktwkk` tfk Zalc` Octfamgo

Crofhgaoksk ae Mas Cìkmks c`h vgotgls

ae omkriy skx cjusk. G` cppravgì tfk

skttmklk`t, tfk duhik ajskrvkh4Xfgs gs

tfk rgift rksumt.Xfk skttmklk`t gs jy ecr

tfk mcrikst pcyaut jy c`y hgaoksk sgòk

tfk omkriy cjusk soc`hcm klkrikh g`Jasta` g` :22:. G`hgvghucm pcyauts, ta

jk lchk jy Hkokljkr 3st, wgmm vcry

cooarhgì ta tfk skvkrgty ae kcof ocsk.

C` cpamaiy wcs gssukh jy Ocrhg`cm

Zaikr Lcfa`y cetkr tfk skttmklk`t wcs

c`àuòkh c`h tfct wcs c iaah tfgì.

Cmm ;26 ocsks tfct rklcg`kh cicg`st

tfk crofhgaoksk, wfgof cmsa pcgh $52

lgmmga` g` Hkokljkr ta skttmk 8; ocsks

tfct wkrk`t oavkrkh jy skxucm cjusk

g`surcòk, crk gòmuhkh g` tfgs skttmk-lk`t cirkklk`t. Xfksk skttmklk`ts

pusf tfk tatcm clau t pcgh aut jy tfk

[._. ofurof sgòk 37;2 ta lark tfc` $:

jgmmga`.Rrkvgausmy, tfk Mas Cìkmks crof-

hgaoksk, gts g`surkrs, c`h vcrgaus Zalc`

Octfamgo arhkrs fch pcgh lark tfc`

$338 lgmmga` ta skttmk 65 omcgls.

_kvkrcm atfkr rkmgigaus arhkrs g` Ocmg-

ear`gc fcvk cmsa rkcofkh lumtglgmmga`-

hammcr skttmklk`ts g` rkok`t la`tfs,

gòmuhgì tfk Ocrlkmgtks, tfk Ercògs-

oc`s,c`h tfk Dksugts.Ly prcykr gs tfct cmmae tfgs sart ae tfgì fcs oalk ta c`h

k`h. Xfk mcst pmcok c`y pcrk`t sfaumh

fcvk ta jk oaòkr`kh cjaut tfkgr ofgm-

hrk`s scekty c`h wkmm-jkgì gs g` c

ofurof.Xfkrk crk c ùljkr ae mkssa`s

ta jk mkcr`kh eral tfgs soc`hcmaus

kpgsahk g` aur `ctga`s fgstary, c`h tfct

gs, ofgmhrk` lust jk pratkotkh eral

skxucm prkhctars. C`y pkrsa` put g` c

pasgtga` ta fcvk cookss ta ofgmhrk` lust

jk ofkonkh aut ocrkeummy c`h la`gtarkh

oa`stc tmy g` salk lc``kr. G cl surk

tfct tfk ofurofks ae Clkrgoc fcvk

mkcr`kh tfgs mkssa`. [èartu`ctkmy, tfk

mkssa` mkcr`kh oclk a`my cetkr tfk

gèmgotga` ae c irkct hkcm ae furt, lgskry,

c`h hgstrkss. Gts àw tglk ta put tfgs

lcttkr jkfg`h us!


FGIF-MAYCIZKKLK@X_CZK[_KHJWRCZXGK_G@MCY_[GX_

Gt fcs jkoalk ecgrmy oalla` ear

pcrtgks g` mgtgictga` ta cirkk ta wfct gs

rkekrrkh ta cs c fgif-maw cirkklk`t.

Xfask cirkklk`ts crk hksgi`kh ta igvk c

mkvkm ae pratkotga` ta jatf sghks ae c mkicm

hgsputk tfct gs iagì ta c trgcm. @arlcmmy,

suof c` cirkklk`t gs lchk jktwkk` cpmcg`tgee c`h cmm hkek`hc`ts. Jut, ecgr`kss

hgotctks tfct cmm pcrtgks g`vamvkh g` c

lumtg-hkek`hc`t mgcjgmgty cotga` lust jk

àtgegkh wfk` a`my a`k ae tfkl rkcofks

c fgif-maw cirkklk`t wgtf c pmcg`tgee ta

ocp tfct hkek`hc`ts kxpasurk g` tfk

kvk`t ae c` chvkrsk dury cwcrh rumgì.

Xfk @kw Warn Oaurt ae Cppkcms, g` c

rkok`t hkogsga`, rumkh a` suof c` cirkk-

lk`t g` c ocsk g`vamvgì lark tfc` a`k

hkek`hc`t. Xfk @kw Warn Oaurt stctkh

tfct a`k ae tfk hkek`hc`ts wcs hkprgvkh

ae gts rgift ta c ecgr trgcmjkocusk gt hgh

àt nàw gts oa-hkek`hc`t g` c` csjkstas

kxpasurk ocsk fch rkcofkh c fgif-maw

cirkklk`t wgtf tfk pmcg`tgee.

Xfk cppkcms oaurt arhkrkh c `kw trgcm

ear tfk hkek`hc`t àt c pcrty ta tfk

cirkklk`t. Yfk`kvkr c pmcg`tgee c`h c

hkek`hc`t k`tkr g`ta c fgif-maw cirkk-

lk`t g` c lumtg-hkek`hc`t cotga`, c`h

tfk cirkklk`t rkqugrkh tfk cirkkgì

hkek`hc`t ta rklcg` c pcrty ta tfk mgtgic-tga`, tfk pcrtgks lust hgsomask tfk kxgs-

tkòk ae tfct cirkklk`t c`h gts tkrls ta

tfk oaurt c`h kcof ae tfk à`-cirkkgì

hkek`hc`ts.Xfgs hkogsga` gs ecgr c`h dust

c`h sfaumh jk tfk rumk g` cmm oaurts. Gt gs

ajvgausmy uècgr ear hkek`hc`ts wfa crk

àt c pcrty ta tfk fgif-maw cirkklk`t

ta ia tfrauif c trgcm wgtf càtfkr hkek`-

hc`t tfct fcs mglgtkh mgcjgmgty.Xrgcm strct-

kiy ear tfk à`-cirkkgì hkek`hc`t

waumh vkry mgnkmy jk ceekotkh.

C fgif-maw cirkklk`t iucrc`tkks c

pmcg`tgee c rkoavkry rkicrhmkss ae tfk

durys vkrhgot. Ear kxclpmk, ge c durys

cwcrh oalks g` ear tfk maw clau`t ar

lark,jut àt avkr tfk fgif clau`t, tfk

pmcg`tgee waumh ikt tfk clau`t cwcrhkh.

G` atfkr warhs, tfk pmcg`tgee waumh ikt

tfk cotucm clau`t ae tfk dury vkrhgot ge

tfk cwcrh wcs jktwkk` tfk maw c`h

fgif ùljkrs.Xfk hkek`hc`ts mgcjgmgty

JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal 9



waumh jk mglgtkh ta tfk fgif ùljkr ge

tfk vkrhgot kxokkhkh tfk fgif ùljkr.

Ge tfk dury rktur`kh c vkrhgot ear tfk

hkek`hc`t, tfk pmcg`tgee waumh stgmm ikt

tfk maw ùljkr.Xfk dury gs àt lchk

cwcrk ae tfk kxgstkòk ae c fgif-maw

cirkklk`t ear ajvgaus rkcsa`s.

G` tfk @kw Warn ocsk, tfk trgcm oaurts

ecgmurk ta hgsomask tfk kxgstkòk ae tfk

fgif-maw cirkklk`t rk`hkrkh glpassg-

jmk c ecgr hktkrlg`ctga` ae tfk à`-

cirkkgì hkek`hc`ts rgifts c`h

mgcjgmgtgks. Xfk oaurt stctkh tfct tfk

hkek`hc`t wcs oalpkmmkh ta praokkh

jmg`hmy ta trgcm wgtfaut c`y lkc`gìeum

appartu`gty ta hkek`h gtskme eral tfk

hkmktkrgaus keekots tfct tfk skorkt cirkk-

lk t lcy fcvk fch a` gts hkek`sk. G

jkmgkvk tfct tfgs rumgì wcs ecgr c`h rkc-

sa`cjmk.Xfk `kw trgcm g` tfct ocsk wgmm

g`vamvk a`my tfk pmcg`tgee c`h tfk à`-cirkkgì hkek`hc`t.

_aurok4 @kwWarn Mcw Daur`cm

YKL[_XNKKRXGZKHXZ[ONKZ_AEEXFK@CXGA@_FGIFYCW_

C ekhkrcm cppkcms oaurt fcs cicg`

struon haw` c Jusf chlg`gstrctga` rki-

umctga` tfct gòrkcskh jatf tfk oa`skou-

tgvk faurs c`h tfk wkknmy faurs tfct

truon hrgvkrs crk pkrlgttkh ta hrgvk

wgtfaut rkst.Xfk [._. Oaurt ae Cppkcms

ear tfk H.O.Ogrougt ear tfk skoa`h tglk

sghkh wgtf Rujmgo Ogtgzk` c`h rumkh tfct

tfk Ekhkrcm Latar Ocrrgkr _cekty Chlg`-

gstrctga`s (ELO_C) faurs-ae-skrvgok rumk

ear truonkrs, gssukh g` Cuiust :22;,

oaumh put latargsts ct rgsn. Mgnk tfk

`kcrmy ghk tgocm rumk gssukh jy ELO_C g

Cprgm :22?wfgof tfk oaurt u`c`g-

lausmy struon haw` g :228 tfk :22;

rumk hrclctgocmmy gòrkcskh jatf tfk

oa`skoutgvk ùljkr ae faurs tfcttruonkrs lcy hrgvk jkeark tcngì c rkst

c`h tfk tatcm ùljkr ae faurs truonkrs

lcy hrgvk pkr wkkn.

Rujmgo Ogtgzk`s skoa`h mcwsugt

cicg`st ELO_C ofcmmkìkh tfksk sclk

twa cspkots ae tfk :22; rumk4 c pravg-

sga` tfct cmmawkh truon hrgvkrs ta hrgvk

ear 33 oa`skoutgvk faurs jkeark tcngì

rkst tglk, gòrkcskh eral tfk amh rumk ae

32 faurs> c`h c pravgsga` wfgof

cmmawkh hrgvkrs ta rkstcrt tfkgr wkknmy

tcmmy ae faurs cetkr tfky fch tcnk` c

jrkcn cs sfart cs ?8 faurs. Xfk ?8-faur

rkstcrt cmmawkh truonkrs ta hrgvk 99

faurs g` skvk` hcys ar 66 faurs g` kgift

hcysc lark tfc` :;% gòrkcsk avkr

tfk prk-:22? rumks. A`-huty faurs

hurgì wfgof truonkrs lcy hrgvk cmsa

omgljkh, sa tfct c hrgvkr warngì 38-

faur sfgets u`hkr tfk `kw rumks oc`

àw warn cs lc`y cs 68 faurs g` skvk`

hcys ar 76 faurs g` kgift hcystfk

mcttkr c 82% gòrkcsk avkr tfk amh mglgts.

Xfk mcwsugt cmsa orgtgogzkh tfk cikòys

rkiumctary glpcot c`cmysgs uskh ta

dustgey tfksk ofcìks. ELO_C orkctkh c

`kw lahkm g` rkspa`sk ta tfk oaurts

:228 hkogsga` strgngì haw` tfk :22?

rumksuppaskhmy ta tcnk g`ta cooau`t

tfk gòrkcskh rgsn cssaogctkh wgtfhrgvgì maìkr faurswgtfaut pravgh-

gì c`y àtgok ar appartu`gty ear pujmgo

oallk`t.

Xfk tfrkk-duhik pc`km cirkkh wgtf

Rujmgo Ogtgzk` tfct tfk cikòy hgh àt

pravghk c`y appartu`gty ear àtgok c`h

oallk`t a` gts `kw lahkm ar kxpmcg`

tfk lktfahamaiy c`h cssulptga`s tfct

u`hkrmcy gt. Xfk oaurt cmsa ecumtkh tfk

cikòys lahkm ear ecgmgì ta hkcm wgtf

tfk prajmkl ae tfk chhkh oulumctgvk

ectgiuk tfct waumh jk ocuskh jy tfk ?8-

faur rkstcrt, wfgof pkrlgttkh sgi`geg-

oc`tmy irkctkr faurs ae hrgvgì pkr

wkkn. Xfk oaurt struon haw` tfk par-

tga`s ae tfk rumk tfct pkrlgttkh tfk

kmkvk`tf faur ae hrgvgì c`h tfk ?8-

faur rkstcrt. Oaìrkss arhkrkh ELO_C

ta lcnk scekty gts fgifkst prgargty c`h ta

rkvgsk tfk faurs-ae-skrvgok rumks ta

hkorkcsk ectgiuk-rkmctkh truon orcsfks. Gt

cmsa ofcrikh tfk cikòy wgtf tfk ajmgic-

tga` ta scekiucrh truon hrgvkrs fkcmtf.Gts fgif tglk ear ELO_C ta lcnk scekty

gts tap prgargty. Gssugì rkiumctga`s tfct

hrclctgocmmy gòrkcskh hcgmy c`h wkknmy

hrgvgì c`h warngì faurs gs iagì g`

tfk wraì hgrkotga`.

Kcof ykcr lark tfc` ;,222 pkapmk crk

ngmmkh c`h lark tfc` 332,222 crk

g`durkh g` mcrik truon orcsfks. Xruon

hrgvkr ectgiuk gs c lcdar oa`trgjutar ta

skvkrk orcsfks. Lc`y stuhgks fcvk

sfaw` tfct truon hrgvkr cmkrt`kss c`h

pkrearlcòk jkig` ta hcìkrausmy hktk-

rgarctk cetkr cjaut kgift faurs ae oa`-

skoutgvk hrgvgì. Cetkr kgift faurs ae

hrgvgì, tfk rgsn ae c truon hrgvkr fcvgì

c orcsf jkig s ta gòrkcsk rcpghmy.Xfk

pujmgo waumh jk autrcikh avkr ELO_Cs

pkrearlcòk ge tfky n`kw wfct gs iagì

a`. Gts càtfkr kxclpmk ae wfkrk tfk

Jusf Chlg`gstrctga` fcs gts prgargtgks

wfk` gt oalks ta tfk fkcmtf c`h

wkmecrk ae tfk Clkrgoc` pkapmk, aut ae

ngmtkr. _cekty a` aur fgifwcys sfaumh jk

kxtrklkmy glpartc`t ear c`y chlg`gstrc-

tga`. C ekhkrcm oaurt fcs aòk cicg`

igvk` spkogego g`struotga` ta ELO_C.

Mkts skk faw tfky rkspa`h.

_aurok4 Rujmgo Ogtgzk` @kws Zkmkcsk

_[HC@AZHKZKHXARCW$6 LGMMGA@XAOAMKUGOXGL_ ECLGMGK_

C ekhkrcm duhik fcs arhkrkh _uhc` ta

pcy `kcrmy $6 lgmmga` ta tfk eclgmgks ae

39 scgmars ngmmkh g` tfk :222 tkrrargst

cttcon a` tfk [__ Oamk.Xfk eclgmgks fch

sauift $32; lgmmga , jut jkocusk ae c

vkry jch mcw, [._. Hgstrgot Duhik Zajkrt

I. Haulcr arhkrkh _uhc` ta pcy a`my

$9.75 lgmmga . Duhik Haulcr cppmgkh

tfk Hkctf a` tfk Fgif _kcs Cot, wfgof

pkrlgts oalpk`sctga` ear koaàlgo

massks,jut àt ear pcg` c`h sueekrgì. G`

fgs rumgì, Duhik Haulcr wratk4

Gt gs hkprkssgì ta rkcmgzk tfct c

oau`try aric`gzkh a` c rkmgigaus

jcsgs wgtf rkmgigaus rumk ae mcw

oaumh c`h waumh kxkoutk gts pawkr

ear purpasks wfgof last oau`trgks

waumh eg`h g`tamkrcjmk c`h mactf-

salk. Gt gs c eurtfkr trcikhy tfct

tfk mcws ae tfk [`gtkh _tctks, g`

tfgs g`stcòk, pravghk à rklkhy

ear tfk psyofamaigocm c`h kla-

tga`cm massks sueekrkh jy tfk sur-

vgvars.

Xfk eclgmgks coouskh _uhc`s iavkr`-

lk`t ae pravghgì suppart, gòmuhgì

la`ky c`h trcg`gì, tfct cmmawkh Cm-

Sckhc ta cttcon tfk Oamk wfgmk gt wcs g`

tfk fcrjar ae Chk`,Wklk`, a` Aotajkr


9/48JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal 7

3:,:222. G` Lcrof, Duhik Haulcr eau`h

tfk Cergoc` oau`try mgcjmk ear tfk cttcon

a` tfk àw-rkpcgrkh @cvy hkstraykr. Fgs

mctkst rumgì rkceegrlkh tfask eg`hgìs.

_uhc` fch sauift u`suooksseummy ta

hgslgss tfk mcwsugt a` tfk irau`hs tfct

taa luof tglk fch pcsskh jktwkk` tfk

jaljgì c`h tfk egmgì ae tfk mcwsugt g`

:228. Mcwykrs rkprksk`tgì tfk

_uhc`ksk iavkr`lk`t hgh`t aeekr

apk`gì stctklk`ts ar omasgì criu-

lk`ts. G` ecot, tfky hgh`t kvkr qukstga`

c`y wgt`kssks. Gt waumh àw jk up ta

tfk mcwykrs ear tfk eclgmgks ta oammkot

tfk hclciks cwcrhkh eral _uhc`s

csskts tfct fcvk jkk` erazk` g` tfk

[`gtkh _tctks.Yfgmk tfk rksumt gs iaah,

Duhik Haulcrs fc`hs wkrk tgkh jy tfk

kxgstgì mcw tfct mglgtkh tfk clau`t ae

hclciks tfct fk oaumh cwcrh ear tfk 39

hkctfs.Xfct gs last uèartu`ctk ear tfkeclgmgks ae tfk vgotgls.

_aurok4 O@@.oal

HKEK@_KUKZHGOXG@HZ[LLA@HOC_K

Xfk dury g` tfk ocsk cicg`st Cmcjclc-

jcskh Hrulla`h Oacm rktur`kh c

hkek`sk vkrhgot a` Dumy :5tf. Wau wgmm

rkocmm tfk ocsk, g`vamvgì tfk ngmmgì ae

tfrkk u`ga` mkchkrs g` Oamaljgc, wcs

skk` cs c tkst ae wfktfkr oalpc`gks oc`jk fkmh rkspa`sgjmk g` [._.oaurtraals

ear tfkgr oa`huot avkrskcs.Xfk vkrhgot

oclk cetkr twa wkkns ae tkstgla`y g`

tfk ogvgm mcwsugt cicg`st Hrulla`h Mth.

c`h Dglg`kz, gts prksghk`t g` Oamaljgc.

Hrulla`h Mth. gs c hgvgsga` ae tfk prg-

vctkmy aw`kh Hrulla`h Oa. Gò.,

wfgof wcs hgslgsskh cs c hkek`hc`t

jkeark tfk trgcm jkic`. Jatf oalpc`gks

crk jcskh g` Cmcjclc.

Zkmctgvks ae tfk hkch lk` c`h tfkgr

u`ga` egmkh sugt coousgì Hrulla`h aecrrcìgì tfk ngmmgì ae tfk mcjar mkchkrs

jy pcrclgmgtcry earoks g` Oamaljgc g`

:223.Xfk oalpc`y hk`gkh c`y g`vamvk-

lk`t wgtf tfk smcygìs ar wgtf lgmgtgc

earoks g` tfk _autf Clkrgoc` `ctga`,

wfkrk gt apkrctks c fuik surecok lg`k.

Xfk sugt wcs tfk egrst ta ia ta trgcm

cicg`st c [._. oarparctga` u`hkr tfk

Cmgk` Xart Omcgls Cot, c 3967 mcw, pcsskh

ta egift pgrcoy, tfct mkts earkgi`krs egmk

sugt g` ekhkrcm oaurt ear cmmkikh wraì-

hagì avkrskcs.

Duhik Ncra` Jawhrk tamh tfk dury

tfct g` arhkr ta wg`, tfk eclgmgks c`h

u`ga` fch ta pravk Hrulla`h nàw-

gìmy cghkh tfk ngmmkrs c`h oallgttkh

wfct clau`ts ta c wcr orglk g` Oamal-

jgc. Atfkr [._. oalpc`gks fcvk jkk`

coouskh ae fcvgì tgks ta lgmgtgcs,wfgof

crk gmmkicm u`hkr Oamaljgc mcw c`h oa`-

sghkrkh tkrrar iraups jy tfk [`gtkh

_tctks. C oaìrkssga`cm sujoallgttkk

fkmh c fkcrgì g` Du`k g`ta tfk Oamal-

jgc` hkcmgìs ae Hrulla`h c`h Ofgq-

ugtc Jrc`hs G`tkr`ctga`cm Gò. Cs G

u`hkrstc`h gt, Ofgqugtc chlgttkh pcygì

pcrclgmgtcrgks $3.9 lgmmga` g` pratkotga`

la`ky jkig``gì g` 3779 c`h tfk

Dustgok Hkpcrtlk`t eg`kh tfk oalpc`y

$:; lgmmga` ear lcngì tfk pcylk`ts.Lark tfc` 622 u`ga` lkljkrs fcvk

jkk` ngmmkh g` Oamaljgc g` tfk mcst sgx

ykcrs, cooarhgì ta iavkr`lk`t egiurks,

lcngì gt tfk warmhs last hcìkraus

oau`try ear mcjar.Xfus ecr, a`my c ekw ae

tfk ngmmgìs fcvk jkk` samvkh. Jut g` tfgs

ocsk tfk Hrulla`h Oalpc`gks wkrk

eau`h àt iugmty.Xfk pmcg`tgees mcwykrs

scy tfky wgmm cppkcm.


GU.

XFK @CXGA@CM

_OK@K

XFK_XCXKAEA[Z@CXGA@

Xfk stctk ae aur `ctga` gs àt sa iaah

wfk` yau oa`sghkr faw ecr aur `ctga`

fcs smgppkh avkr tfk pcst sgx ykcrs. Gts c

orygì sfclk tfct tfk ekhkrcm iavkr`-lk`t fcs jkk` ru` g` c lc``kr tfct sctgs-

egkh c` cik`hc tfct wcs skt jy tfk igc`ts

ae Oarparctk Clkrgoc hurgì tfk sgx

ykcrs ae Jusf-Ofk ky rumk.Yfgmk tfk agm,

g`surcòk c`h pfcrlcokutgocm g`hustrgks

fcvk jk`kegtkh irkctmy hurgì tfgs tglk,

last Clkrgoc`s fcvk àt ha`k sa wkmm.

G` ecot,lc`y crk rkcmmy furtgì cs c rksumt

ae c` cik`hc tfct gs hksgi`kh ta jk`kegt

a`my tfk rgof c`h pawkreum. Xfask g`

oa`tram ae aur iavkr`lk`t lchk hkog-

sga`s tfct sctgsegkh tfgs cik`hc,c`h g` tfk

praokss,cjuskh tfkgr pawkr.

Cs c oa`skqukòk, wk àw fcvk aur

lgmgtcry earoks jaiikh haw` g` c ogvgm

wcr g` Grcq wgtf à k`h g` sgift, wciks

ear last ae aur ogtgzk`s crk stci`c`t ct

jkst, tfk mcon ae fkcmtf g`surcòk fcs

jkoalk c lcdar prajmkl, lc`y Clkrg-

oc`s fcvk smgppkh g`ta pavkrty, icsamg`k

prgoks ct tfk pulp crk autrcikausmy fgif

wgtf à rkmgke g` sgift,imajcm wcrlgì gs

jkgì giàrkh,aur `ctga`cm hkjt gs tatcmmy

aut ae oa`tram,c`h tfk oasts ae `ctga`cm

kmkotga s crk aee tfk ofcrt. Rkrfcps tfk

a`k sgìmk tfgìwgtf tfk kxokptga` ae

tfk Grcq hkjcomktfct wgmm mcjkm tfgs

chlg`gstrctga` cs c tatcm ecgmurk wgmm jk

tfk oast ta tfk tcxpcykrs ear tfk Rrksorgp-

tga` Hrui Cot tfct Rrksghk`t Jusf c`htfk pfcrlcokutgocm g`hustry pusfkh

tfrauif Oaìrkss.Xfk pradkotkh oast gs

àw g` tfk trgmmga`s ae hammcrs c`h gt wgmm

ikt luof warsk.

Ygtfaut c`y rkcm hgsputk, aur glcik

c`h gèmukòk a` tfk g`tkr`ctga`cm stcik

crk ct c` cmm-tglk maw, c`h tfcts hgeegoumt

ta dustgey jy c`y stc`hcrh.Cmm ae tfk oar-

ruptga` g` aur `ctga`s ocpgtcm gs jkgì

swkpt u`hkr tfk rui, c`h tfk _oaatkr

Mgjjy kpgsahk gs c prglk kxclpmk ae

faw jch tfgìs fcvk iattk`. G suspkot

Lr. Mgjjy nàws taa luof cjaut wfct

cmm fcs fcppk`kh crau`h tfk Yfgtk

Fausk c`h wgtf tfk Ugok Rrksghk`t ta

kvkr skk tfk g`sghk ae c prgsa`. Xfk

Clkrgoc` pkapmk crk jchmy g` `kkh ae

rkmgke, c`h wgmm lcnk tfkgr erustrctga`

nàw` ct tfk pamms `kxt ykcr g` cmm

`ctga`cm kmkotga`s. [`mkss tfk Hklaorc-

tgo Rcrty jmaws gtc`h tfky crk ocpcjmk

ae hagì dust tfctà Zkpujmgoc` oc`

jk kmkotkh prksghk`t `kxt ykcr. G` lyapg ga , tfk Jusf ykcrs wgmm sglpmy jk

taa luof ta avkroalk ear c`y Zkpujmg-

oc` oc`hghctk.

FCMMGJ[ZXA@L[_XZKCMMWMAUKXFG_YCZ

Xa scy tfct Fcmmgjurta` fcs ha`k

kxtrklkmy wkmm sgòk Hgon Ofk`ky

jkoclk vgok-prksghk`t gs c irass u`hkr-



stctklk`t.Luof ae tfk oalpc`ys eg`c`-

ogcm tcnk fcs oalk eral tfk ekhkrcm iav-

kr`lk`t c`h fcs oalk cjaut cs c hgrkot

rksumt ae tfk wcr g` Grcq. _gòk Ikarik

Jusf c`h Hgon Ofk`ky g`vchkh Grcq, tfgs

lcssgvk lgmgtcry oa`trcotar fcs fch c`

gòrkcsk g` iavkr`lk`t oa`trcots ae

522%. Lark tfc` $32 jgmmga` fcs oalk

eral Rk`tcia` oa`trcots, wgtf last ae

tfkl jkgì ae tfk à-jgh vcrgkty.Xfct

rkcmmy sfaumh oalk cs à surprgsk wfk`

yau oa`sghkr faw tfgs Chlg`gstrctga`

apkrctks. Mkts skk wfct Fcmmgjurta` fcs

hkmgvkrkh ta tfk tcxpcykrs g` rktur`. Ear

c stcrtfaw cjaut ics-prgok iauigì,

oa`tclg`ctkh eaah c`h wctkr, c`h c

oa`stc`t pcttkr` ae avkrofcriks1 C`

kxclpmk ae faw tfgs prgvgmkikh

oalpc`y fcs apkrctkh g` Grcq g`vamvks

gts fgrgì ae mcjarkrs, pcygì tfkl cs

mgttmk cs $; c hcy, c`h tfk` jgmmgì tfk[._.Iavkr`lk`t lark tfc` $;2 pkr hcy

ear kcof suof warnkr.

G` c rkok`t c`cmysgs ae $32 jgmmga` g`

wcstk c`h avkrofcriks jy vcrgaus oa`-

trcotars g` Grcq, ekhkrcm g`vkstgictars

eau`h Fcmmgjurta` rkspa`sgjmk ear $:.9

jgmmga` ae tfct wcstk c`h avkrofcrigì.Gt

gs glprkssgvk ta àtk tfct tfk oalpc`ys

:225 praegts wkrk $:,8:6,222,222. Gts

avkrcmm praegts fcvk gòrkcskh avkr ?56%

sgòk Ikarik Jusf c`h Hgon Ofk`ky

oclk g`ta pawkr. Ear tfask wfa crk stgmm

trygì ta dustgey tfk wcr g Grcq, tfk Fcm-

mgjurta` suookss stary fcs ta igvk tfkl

fkcrtjur`. G fcvk ta wa`hkr wfy tfk

`kws lkhgc fcs`t lchk Fcmmgjurta`s

suookss stary g` Grcq era`t pcik `kws,

kspkogcmmy wfk` yau oa`sghkr tfct tfk

vgok-prksghk`t wcs a`k ae tfk crofgtkots

ae tfk wcr keeart.

YCZ_OA_XG@IXFK[@GXKH_XCXK_$3:

JGMMGA@C LA@XF

Xfk jaast g` traap mkvkms g` Grcq

arhkrkh jy Rrksghk`t Jusf fcs

gòrkcskh tfk oast ae wcr tfkrk c`h g`

Ceifc`gstc` ta $3: jgmmga` c la`tf.

Cooarhgì ta oaìrkssga`cm c`cmysts, tfk

tatcm ear Grcq cma`k gs `kcrgì c fcme trgm-

mga` hammcrs.Cmm tamh,Oaìrkss fcs cppra-

prgctkh $532 jgmmga` g` wcr-rkmctkh

la`ky.Xfk egiurks oalk eral tfk à`-

pcrtgsc` Oaìrkssga`cm Zkskcrof

_krvgok, wfgof pravghks rkskcrof c`h

c`cmysgs ta mcwlcnkrs. Ge Oaìrkss

cppravks Rrksghk`t Jusfs pk`hgì

rkqukst ear càtfkr $389 jgmmga` ear tfk

juhikt ykcr stcrtgì Aotajkr 3st, tfk

tatcm jgmm ear tfk wcr g` Grcq c`h tfk egift

g` Ceifc`gstc` waumh rkcof lark tfc`

tfrkk-eaurtfs ae c trgmmga` hammcrs, wgtf

cppraprgctga`s ear Grcq rkcofgì $;59

jgmmga`. Cmsa, ge tfk gòrkcsk g wcr

tklpa oa`tgùks jkya`h _kptkljkr,

tfk Rk`tcia`s rkqukst waumh prksul-

cjmy jk g`chkquctk, cooarhgì ta tfk

OZ_. G cl àt surk tfct lc`y ae tfk

Clkrgoc` tcxpcykrs oc` oalprkfk`h

tfk vcst clau`ts jkgì spk`t a` c last

u`papumcr wcr.


_KXXMKLK@XZKCOFKHG@UAMUG@I_KO[ZGXWI[CZH_CXCZLWJC_K_

C @kw Lkxgoa skourgty egrl fcs

cirkkh ta pcy tfk [._. iavkr`lk`t $36

lgmmga` ta skttmk cmmkictga`s tfct gt vga-

mctkh tkrls ae c oa`trcot ta pravghk

trcg`kh ogvgmgc` skourgty iucrhs ct kgift

Crly jcsks.Cncm _kourgty wcs fgrkh g`

_kptkljkr :22? ta pravghk iucrhs ct

Eart Zgmky, Nc`scs> Eart Mkwgs,Ycsfg i-

ta`> Eart Faah, Xkxcs> Eart Oclpjkmm,

Nk tuony> Jmuk Ircss Crly Hkpat g`

Nk`tuony> Eart _tkwcrt, Ikarigc> _u``y

Rag`t Lgmgtcry Aokc` Xkrlg cm, @artf

Ocramg`c> c`h C``gsta` Crly Hkpat g`

Cmcjclc.C` g`vkstgictga` g`hgoctkh tfct

Cncm ecgmkh ta pravghk cs lc y iucrhs ar

tfk prapkr trcg`gì ae tfksk iucrhs cs

tfk oa`trcot rkqugrkh. C mcwsugt wcs

egmkh a` jkfcme ae tfk ekhkrcm iavkr`-

lk t jy iucrhs wfa wkrk fgrkh jy Cncm

ta warn ct Eart Zgmky. [._.Cttar`ky KrgoLkmirk`,oallk`tgì a` tfk ocsk, scgh4

Xfgs skttmklk`t sk`hs c omkcr

lksscik ta iavkr`lk`t oa`trco-

tars4 Xfkrk oc` jk à sfartouts.

Rrgvctk oalpc`gks fgrkh ta pratkot

tfk skourgty ae [._.Crly ecogmgtgks

pkrearl c vgtcm skrvgok c`h tfky

crk pcgh lgmmga`s ae hammcrs ear gt.

G` rkcofgì tfk skttmklk`t, Dustgok

Hkpcrtlk`t aeegogcms hgslgsskh cmm aut-

stc`hgì omcgls.Xfk oalpc`y cirkkh ta

rkpcy tfk iavkr`lk`t c` g`gtgcm

pcylk`t ae $6 lgmmga` c`h c` chhgtga`cm

$32 lgmmga , pmus g`tkrkst, avkr eaur

ykcrs. Cncm fch cirkkh g` :22? ta

rkorugt, sorkk`, fgrk, c`h trcg` 3,622

iucrhs ta ha skourgty ct tfk Crly pasts.

Xfk oalpc`y scgh salk ae tfk `kw

iucrhs wfa ecgmkh ta ikt tfk lc`hctkh

trcg`gì wkrk cssgi`kh ta warn. Cncm

oa`tgùks ta pravghk iucrhs ct skvk` ae

tfk Crly g`stcmmctga`s. Iavkr`lk`t

g`vkstgictars cmmkikh tfct Cncm sauift

pcylk`t ear iucrhs gt ecgmkh ta pravghk

c`h ear trcg`gì gt ecgmkh ta pravghk,

gòmuhgì a` wkcpa`s c`h icrrgsa`-spk-

ogego sngmms, suof cs usk ae earok c`h

chlg`gstkrgì egrst cgh.Yfk` c oarparc-

tga` sgi`s iavkr`lk`t oa`trcots scygìtfky wgmm lkkt fgif pkrearlcòk stc`-

hcrhs, gts kssk`tgcm tfct tfky lkkt tfask

stc`hcrhs.

Okrtcg`my, wk oc`t ceearh ta fcvk c`y

rkhuotga` g` tfk skourgty ae aur lgmgtcry

g`stcmmctga`s.Cncm, eau`hkh g` 3763, gs a`k

ae tfk mcrikst skourgty oalpc`gks g` tfk

[`gtkh _tctks c`h klpmays 3;,222 pkapmk

warmhwghk.Xfk oalpc`y pravghks skou-

rgty skrvgoks ear ekhkrcm oaurtfausks,

hktk`tga` ecogmgtgks, c`h lgmgtcry g`stcmmc-

tga`s.Xfk oalpc`y scgh gt fcs tcnk` atfkr

stkps ta g`surk gt gs lkktg i ekhkrcm oa`-

trcots, gòmuhgì k`fcògì trcg`gì pra-

ircls c`h gòrkcsgì cuhgts ae oa`trcot

oalpmgcòk. G fapk tfky rkcmmy lkc gt

c`h wgmm eammaw tfk mcw c`h tfk pravg-

sga`s ae tfk oa`trcots tfky kxkoutk.Cetkr

cmm, tfcts at csngì taa luof!


C@AXFKZ_OC@HCMA[_NCXZG@C_XAZW

Gt wcs rkvkcmkh mcst la`tf tfct tfk

[._. iavkr`lk`t wcstkh lgmmga`s ae

hammcrs juygì c`h stargì gok cetkr Fur-

rgoc`k Nctrg`c.Cetkr `kcrmy twa ykcrs,

tfausc`hs ae truon lgmks c`h $3:.;

lgmmga` g` starcik oasts, càtfkr emcwkh

Furrgoc`k Nctrg`c rkmgke keeart wcs

rkpartkh. Gt cppkcrs tfct tfk ekhkrcm iav-

kr`lk`t iat rgh ae tfausc`hs ae pau`hs


11/48JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal 33

ae gok gt fch sk`t sautf ta fkmp Nctrg`c

vgotgls, c`h tfk` jcon up àrtf wfk`

EKLC hktkrlg`kh luof ae tfk gok

wcs`t `kkhkh.Xfk gok wcs starkh ear

avkr twa ykcrs ct :? ecogmgtgks `ctga`-

wghk c`h àw, jkmgkvk gt ar àt, tfk gok

gs jkgì lkmtkh.

Xfk oast ae stargì tfk gok ct cmm tfk

ecogmgtgks sgòk Nctrg`c wcs $3:.;

lgmmga`.Xruonkrs rkokgvkh up ta $722 c

hcy ta lavk tfk gok ta starcik sgtks

crau`h tfk oau try. EKLC oa`trcots

rkqugrkh hgspascm ae tfk gok tfrkk

la`tfs cetkr purofcsk, jut tfk cikòy

hkoghkh ta nkkp tfk kxokss gok ear tfk

:225 furrgoc`k skcsa`. Ajvgausmy, tfk

gok wcs`t `kkhkh hurgì tfct ykcr

kgtfkr. EKLC cppcrk`tmy hkoghkh àt ta

scvk tfk gok ear tfk :229 skcsa`. Gt

waumh cppkcr tfct gt waumh jk mats

ofkcpkr ta juy gok tfc` stark gt ct c oastae $3: lgmmga`. Dust tfg n wfct EKLC

oaumh fcvk ha`k wgtf $3: lgmmga`, c`h

cmm ae tfk atfkr la`ky gt wcstkh cetkr

Nctrg`c, a` tfk Iume Oacst c`h g` @kw

Armkc`s. G suspkot wk fcvk skk` dust c

hrap g` tfk juonkt sa ecr cs ircet c`h

oarruptga` g` tfk past-Nctrg`c krc crk

oaòkr`kh. G fapk G cl wra i!


LW_RCOKL[_XJKOA@XZAMMKH

Ly_pcok.oal fcs tfausc`hs ae rkigs-

tkrkh skx aeek`hkrs wfa fcvk praegmks

a` tfkgr wkj sgtk. G wcs imch ta skk tfct

@artf Ocramg`c Cttar`ky Ik`krcm Zay

Oaapkr gs tcngì a` Ly_pcok. Xfct gs

rkcm iaah `kws.Ly_pcok fcs chlgttkh

tfct gt fcs lark tfc` :7,222 skx aeek`h-

krs a` tfk saogcm `ktwarngì sgtk.

Fawkvkr, G suspkot tfkrk crk cotucmmy

lc`y lark jkocusk ae tfk usk ae ecnk

`clks jy aeek`hkrs. Ly_pcok trgkh tankkp eral hgsomasgì tfgs gèarlctga` ta

aeegogcms omcglgì tfk pratkotga` ae

ekhkrcm prgvcoy mcws. Omkcrmy, mkigsmctga`

gs `kkhkhjatf ekhkrcm c`h stctkta

rkstrgot cookss ta saogcm wkj sgtks mgnk

Ly_pcok, Ecokjaan,c`h Vcìc.Xfgs gs c

last skrgaus prajmkl c`h aur pamgtgocm

mkchkrs lust ikt g`vamvkh c`h pratkot

ofgmhrk` eral skxucm prkhctars.Yk lust

oa`tgùk ta eg`h wcys ta pratkot yauì

Ykj uskrs. Cmsa, pcrk`ts lust mkcr`

lark cjaut oalputkr usk c`h tfk g`tkr-

`kt. Ge yau cirkk tfct salktfgì lust jk

ha`k, oa`tcot Iavkràrs, Cttar`kys

Ik`krcm,c`h Mkigsmctars g` yaur rkspko-

tgvk stctks c`h urik tfkl ta ikt g`vamvkh

g` tfgs egift ta pratkot aur ofgmhrk`.Xfgs

gs c jcttmk tfct wk oc`t ceearh ta mask!


U.

XFK OAZRAZCXK

YAZMH

OFG@K_KZKI[MCXAZ_K@XK@OKHXAHKCXF

Ygtf cmm ae tfk rkpartkh scekty c`h

fkcmtf prajmkls rkmctgì ta Ofg`kskprahuots jkgì glpartkh g`ta tfk [._., c

rkok`t c`àuòklk`t oalgì eral tfk

Ofg`ksk iavkr`lk`t rkcmmy iat ly cttk`-

tga`. G` ecot, ta scy gt wcs c sfaongì jgt

ae `kws gs c irass u`hkrstctklk`t. G`

Lcy, Tfkì Vgcayu, wfa skrvkh cs fkch

ae Ofg`cs Eaah c`h Hrui Chlg`gstrc-

tga`, wcs sk`tkòkh ta hkctf ear tcngì

jrgjks ta cppravk sujstc`hcrh lkhg-

og`ks, gòmuhgì c` c`tgjgatgo jmclkh ear

ct mkcst tk` hkctfs. Xfk rkcm sfaong i

`kws wcs tfct Tfkì wcs cotucmmy putta hkctf a` Dumy 32tf. Gt sfaumh jk àtkh

tfct fgs orglk wcs oarruptga`, c`h fk

pcgh ear tfk orglk wgtf fgs mgek.

G` chhgtga`,c earlkr hkpcrtlk`t fkch

ct Ofg`cs hrui rkiumctga` cikòy wcs

cmsa sk`tkòkh ta hkctf a` ofcriks ae

cookptgì fu`hrkhs ae tfausc`hs ae

hammcrs cs jrgjks c`h `kimkotgì fgs aeeg-

ogcm hutgks. Oca Yk`zfucì, c hkpcrt-

lk`t hgrkotar u`hkr Tfkì Vgcayu,wcs

igvk` tfk hkctf sk`tkòk wgtf c twa-ykcr rkprgkvk. _uof suspk`hkh hkctf

sk`tkòks g` Ofg`c crk usucmmy oal-

lutkh ta mgek g` prgsa` ge tfk oa`vgot gs

hkklkh ta fcvk rkearlkh. Oca, wfa

avkrscw tfk pfcrlcokutgocm rkigstrctga`

hkpcrtlk`t, fch jkk` skorktcry ta

Tfkì hurgì tfk 3762s. G` tfk pfcrlc-

okutgocms hkpcrtlk t, Oca fch tfk

pawkr ta cppravk hrui prahuotga` g`

Ofg`c eral :22: ta :225. Fk wcs oa`-

vgotkh ae cookptgì $?29,222 g` jrgjks

eral twa lkhgocm oalpc`gks jcskh g`

Dgmg` c`h Iucìhaì pravgòks tfct

wkrk skkngì cppravcm ta skmm tfkgr prah-

uots. Fk cmsa wcs oa`vgotkh ae `kimkot-

gì fgs hutgks g` cppravgì hruis. Jcskh

a` wfct fcppk`kh ta fgs jass, Oca lcy

wg`h up jkgì c last eartu`ctk ekmmaw.

Gt wcs rkpartkh tfct Oca wcs igvk` c

twa-ykcr rkprgkvk jkocusk fk pravghkh

kvghkòk tfct fkmpkh wgtf tfk g`vkstgic-

tga` ae atfkr ocsks.

@at jkgì eclgmgcr wgtf Ofg`ksk mcw,

gts rkiumctary praokssks, ar kvk` tfk

lci`gtuhk ae tfk pujmgo aeegogcm oarrup-

tga` tfkrk, G eg`h gt hgeegoumt ta rkcmmy

u`hkrstc`h eummy faw c pkrsa` oaumh jk

sk`tkòkh ta hkctf ear tcngì c jrgjk ar

cmmawgì jch hruis ta ikt ta tfk lcrnkt.

Jut, G oc` scy wgtfaut rkskrvctga` tfctsalk ae aur pamgtgogc`s fch jkttkr jk

imch tfky ha`t warn ear tfk iavkr`-

lk`t g` Ofg`c.

_aurok4 Ycsfgìta`past.oal

YCM-LCZXOAMMKOXKHA@HKCXF_AEKLRMAWKK_

_kvkrcm gssuks jcon, G wratk a` c

sujdkot tfct hkcmt wgtf wfct gs rkekrrkh

ta cs hkch pkcsc`t g`surcòk.C mcwsugt

wcs egmkh rkok`tmy g` c Emarghc ekhkrcm

oaurt tfct hkcms wgtf Ycm-Lcrts usk ae

tfk hkch pkcsc`t g`surcòk oaòkpt.

Xfct typk ae g`surcòk fcs stgrrkh up c

irkct hkcm ae oa`travkrsy jkocusk ae

faw gt warns. Mkts tcnk c maan ct tfk

Emarghc ocsk. Yfk` Ncrk` Crlctraut

hgkh g` 3779, fkr klpmaykr, Ycm-Lcrt,

oammkotkh tfausc`hs ae hammcrs a` c mgek

g`surcòk pamgoy tfk rktcgm igc`t fch

tcnk` aut wgtfaut kvkr tkmmgì fkr. _fk

wcs a`k ae cjaut ?;2,222 klpmaykksYcm-Lcrt skorktmy g`surkh `ctga`wghk. Gt

fcs jkk` kstglctkh tfct tfk oalpc`y

oammkotkh a` 9; ta 322 pamgogks g`vamv-

gì Emarghc klpmaykks wfa hgkh. Xfk

Crlctraut mcwsugt, egmkh g` [._. Hgstr got

Oaurt, skkns omcss cotga` stctus a`

jkfcme ae tfk kstctks ae cmm tfk Emarghc

klpmaykks wfa hgkh wfgmk jkgì

g`surkh jy Ycm-Lcrt wgtfaut tfkgr


12/48

nàwmkhik. Jut, tfgs gs c prcotgok tfct G

jkmgkvk gs `ctga`wghk g` soapk g`vamvgì

oarparctga`s atfkr tfc` Ycm-Lcrt.

Cooarhgì ta c rkpart g` Xfk Xclpc

Xrgju`k, Ycm-Lcrt skttmkh twa sglgmcr

mcwsugts g` Xkxcs c`h Anmcfalca`k

ear cjaut $32 lgmmga` c`h tfk atfkr ear

cjaut $; lgmmga . Ls. Crlctraut, wfa

wcs ;2 ykcrs amh wfk` sfk hgkh ae

ocòkr, fch warnkh skvkrcm ykcrs g` tfk

pfcrlcoy ae c Ycm-Lcrt stark.Xfk pamgoy

pcyauts g` tfk hkch pkcsc`t g`surcòk

rcìkh eral $;2,222 ta $62,222,

hkpk`hgì a` tfk pkrsa`s cik c`h

ik`hkr.Xfky wkrk tcnk` aut a` cmm eumm-

tglk Ycm-Lcrt klpmaykks wfa g`

Hkokljkr 377? wkrk jktwkk` ciks 36

c`h 92 c`h pcrtgogpctkh g` tfk lkhgocm

jk`kegts pmc`.Xfk oalpc`y cppcrk`tmy

stappkh tcngì aut tfk pamgogks g` 377;,

jut oa`tgùkh ta rkokgvk pcyauts a`klpmaykks wfa hgkh, kvk` tfask wfa

fch mket tfk klpmaylk`t ae Ycm-Lcrt.

Ycm-Lcrt omcgls tfct gt ocòkmkh gts

pamgogks g` kcrmy :222 jkocusk gt wcs

masgì la`ky a` tfk crrcìklk`t.Xfk

oalpc`y scys tfk praircl wcs

g`tk`hkh ta rkhuok gts gòalk tcxks ta

fkmp pcy rgsgì klpmaykk fkcmtf ocrk

oasts. Gt omcgls tfct warnkrs wkrk àtg-

egkh c`h igvk` tfk appartu`gty ta apt

aut, wfgof cppkcrs ta lk fgifmy quks-

tga`cjmk. Gts cmmkikh g` tfk Crlctraut

mcwsugt tfct tfk pamgogks wkrk cmm wrgttk`

g` Ikarigc,wfkrk tfk mcws cmmawkh suof

pamgogks ta jk ajtcg`kh jy oalpc`gks

suof cs Ycm-lcrt.Xfk mcwsugt cmmkiks tfct

Ycm-Lcrt uskh oaèghk`tgcm gèarlctga`

gt rkokgvkh eral klpmaykks ear usk g`

tfkgr klpmaylk`t, suof cs _aogcm _kou-

rgty ùljkrs c`h hctks ae jgrtf, ta

ajtcg` tfk mgek g`surcòk pamgogks.

[èartu`ctkmy, tfgs oarparctk prcotgok

gs àt uòalla`.Gt gs kstglctkh tfct upta :;% ae Eartu`k ;22 oalpc`gks fcvk

tcnk` aut suof pamgogks a` klpmaykks.

Xfk vcst lcdargty ae tfk tglk, tfk

klpmaykks fch à ghkc tfkgr mgvks wkrk

jkgì g`surkh. G` :223, prklguls a`

suof pamgogks irkw ta $:.6 jgmmga`,

fcvgì jkk` $3.; jgmmga` tfk ykcr

jkeark.Xfgs gèarlctga` oalks eral c

rkpart jy OC_X Lc`ciklk`t Oa`sum-

tc`ts ae Mas Cìkmks.Xfk Emarghc mcwsugt

gs jkgì fc`hmkh jy Lgofckm H. Lykrs,

wfa gs wgtf tfk egrl ae LoOmc`cfc` &

Omkcrlc , M.M.R., wfgof gs maoctkh g`

Fausta`,Xkxcs.

_aurok4 Xfk Xclpc Xrgju`k

EAZLKZXWOAC[HGXAZCIZKK_XAZKOAZH

_KXXMKLK@X

RrgokwctkrfauskOaapkrs MMR fcs

cirkkh ta pcy $::; lgmmga` ta skttmk c

omcss cotga` mcwsugt jrauift jy sfcrk-

famhkrs ae Xyoa G`tkr`ctga`cm Mth.Xfk

mcwsugt crask aut ae tfk lumtgjgmmga`-

hammcr cooau`tgì ercuh tfct sk`t Xyoas

tap kxkoutgvks ta prgsa`.Xfk skttmklk`t

wgtf Xyoas earlkr cuhgtgì egrl oalks

a` tap ae a`k rkcofkh g` Lcy wgtf Xyoa.

Xfk oalpc`y cirkkh ta put $:.79;

jgmmga` g`ta c eu`h ta skttmk last sfcrk-famhkr omcgls avkr tfk cotga`s ae Xyoas

earlkr ofgke kxkoutgvk aeegokr, M. Hk``gs

Nazmawsng, c`h tfk oalpc`ys kx-ofgke

eg`cògcm aeegokr, Lcrn _wcrtz.Ygtf g`tkr-

kst, tfk Xyoa skttmklk t gs jkmgkvkh ta jk

tfk mcrikst kvkr jy c sgìmk oarparctk

hkek`hc`t.Xfk tatcm skttmklk`t ae lark

tfc` $?.: jgmmga` eral Xyoa c`h Rrgok-

wctkrfauskOaapkrs jrgìs ta c` k`h c

eaur-ykcr mkicm jcttmk.Xfk skttmklk`t wgmm

rkqugrk oaurt cppravcm.

Xfk skttmklk`t oavkrs g`vkstars wfa

coqugrkh Xyoa skourgtgks eral Hkokljkr

3?, 3777, ta Du`k 9, :22:. Xyoa fcs gts

apkrctg i fkchqucrtkrs g` Ykst Yg`hsar,

@.D., c`h gs àlg`cmmy fkchqucrtkrkh g`

Jkrluhc. Xfk sfcrkfamhkrs sugt fch

omcglkh tfct cs Xyoas g`hkpk`hk`t

cuhgtar, RrgokwctkrfauskOaapkrs ecgmkh

ta uòavkr ercuh g` tfk cooau`tgì

soc`hcm ct tfk oaìmalkrctk.Xyoa avkr-

stctkh gts gòalk hurgì tfct pkrgah jy

$;.6 jgmmga`. G`vkstars massks fcvk jkk`kstglctkh ct $3 jgmmga` ta $: jgmmga`. Gts

uòmkcr faw lc`y sfcrkfamhkrs crk

g`vamvkh,jut Xyoa fch cjaut twa jgmmga`

sfcrks ae staon a` tfk lcrnkt hurgì tfk

pkrgah g` qukstga`.Xfk omcss rkprksk`tc-

tgvks g` tfk sugt gòmuhkh skvkrcm trchk

u`ga`s c`h pujmgo pk`sga` eu`hs,claì

tfkl pk`sga` pmc`s ear aeegok klpmay-

kks, tkcofkrs, c`h stctk klpmaykks g`

Maugsgc`c, c`h pmuljkrs c`h pgpk egttkrs

crau`h tfk oau`try. Cs yau wgmm rkocmm,

Nazmawsng c`h _wcrtz wkrk oa`vgotkh ae

irc`h mcrok`y c`h atfkr orglks ear

maatgì Xyoa ae cjaut $522 lgmmga` ta

eu`h kxtrcvcic`t mgekstymks c`h gèmctgì

tfk oalpc`ys vcmuk.Xfk twa crk skrvgì

tkrls ae 6 ykcrs ta :; ykcrs g` prgsa`.


LCVGL[__KXXMK_EZC[HOC_KEAZ$?2.;LGMMGA@

Lcxglus, c Zksta` oalpc y tfct pra-

vghks oa`sumtgì skrvgoks ear maocm c`h

stctk saogcm skrvgok cikògks, fcs skttmkh

c Lkhgocgh ercuh mcwsugt wgtf tfk

ekhkrcm iavkr`lk`t ear $?2.; lgmmga . G`

chhgtga`, tfk oalpc`y wgmm fgrk [J_

G`vkstlk`t Jc`n ta rkvgkw gts strctkigo

aptga`s.Xfgs skttmklk`t oalks cetkr c`g`vkstgictga` jy tfk ekhkrcm iavkr`-

lk`t. Xfk iavkr`lk`t cmmkikh tfct

Lcxglus fch fkmpkh tfk Hgstrgot ae

Oamuljgcs Ofgmh c`h Eclgmy _krvgoks

Cikòy sujlgt ecmsk omcgls ta tfk Lkh-

gocgh praircl.Xfk [._.iavkr`lk`t fch

prkvgausmy rkoavkrkh $3:.3; lgmmga`

eral tfk Ofgmh c`h Eclgmy _krvgoks

Cikòy, jrgìgì tfk tatcm oammkotkh ta

$8:.5; lgmmga`.Xfk g`vkstgictga` jkic`

cetkr c mcwsugt wcs egmkh a` jkfcme ae tfk

iavkr`lk`t jy c earlkr hgvgsga`

lc`cikr ct Lcxglus, u`hkr wfgstmk-

jmawkr pravgsga`s ae tfk Ecmsk Omcgls

Cot.Xfgs gs dust càtfkr kxclpmk ae faw

wghksprkch oarparctk ercuh gs g` tfgs

oau try c`h faw erkquk`tmy gt aoours

wfk` ekhkrcm la`ky gs g`vamvkh.

_aurok4 Ycsfgìta` Rast

OFKLGOCMLCNKZ_KXXMK_RZGOK-EGVG@I_[GXEAZ$32 LGMMGA@

_pkogcmty ofklgocms lcnkr Ocjat

Oarp. fcs cirkkh ta skttmk tfk ekhkrcm

omcss cotga` mcwsugts pk`hgì cicg`st tfk

oalpc`y tfct cmmkikh gt c`h atfkr

ocrja` jmcon lcùecoturkrs vgamctkh

c`tgtrust mcws g` skttgì prgoks ear

ocrja` jmcon samh g` tfk [`gtkh _tctks.

Cooarhgì ta c egmgì wgtf tfk _kourgtgks

c`h Kxofcìk Oallgssga`, Ocjats

3: JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal


13/48

sfcrk ae tfk skttmklk`t oast gs $32

lgmmga`. Cs usucm, Ocjat hk`gkh c`y

wraìhagì ae c`y ng`h. Gt kvk` omcglkh

gt fch iaah hkek`sks ta tfksk omcgls.

Xfk skttmklk`t cirkklk`t gs sujdkot ta

oaurt cppravcm. Jasta`, Lcsscofusktts-

jcskh Ocjat wgmm cppcrk`tmy oa`tgùk ta

hkek`h tfk rklcg`gì c`tgtrust mcwsugts

pk`hgì cicg st gt. Xfkrk crk sugts

pk`hgì g` skvkrcm stctk oaurts jrauift

jy purpartkh omcssks ae purofcskrs ae

ocrja` jmcon, c`h c sgìmk ekhkrcm ocsk

jrauift jy c sgìmk pcrty tfct hgh àt

dag` tfk ekhkrcm omcss cotga`.


RATK@_KXXMK_OMC__COXGA@MCY_[GXCICG@_XOALRC@W

Razk` Gò.,wfgof hkvkmaps hruis ta

trkct coutk c`h ofra`go pcg`, fcs skttmkhc omcss cotga` mcwsugt egmkh cicg`st tfk

oalpc`y c`h gts ofgke kxkoutgvk aeegokr.

Cmm omcgls cicg`st tfk oalpc`y c`h tfk

aeegogcm wgmm jk hrappkh.Xfk skttmklk`t

cirkklk`t, wfgof rklcg`s sujdkot ta

oaurt cppravcm,wgmm jk eu`hkh wgtf pra-

okkhs eral tfk oalpc`ys mgcjgmgty g`sur-

còk ear hgrkotars c`h aeegokrs. Xfk

mcwsugt, wfgof wcs egmkh g` Du`k :228,

coouskh Razk` ae lcngì ecmsk c`h lgs-

mkchgì stctklk`ts cjaut lgircg`k hrui

oc`hghctks LX 322 c`h LX ?22.Ofcpkm

Fgmm, @artf Ocramg`c-jcskh Razk` gs our-

rk`tmy hkvkmapgì Xrkxglc wgtf Jrgtgsf

hrui lcnkr Imcxa_lgtfNmg`k Rmo. Xfk

hrui oaljg`ks Imcxas papumcr

lgircg`k hrui Glgtrkx, nàw` ik`krg-

ocmmy cs sulctrgptc`, wgtf c` amhkr

pcg`ngmmkr nàw` cs cpraxk` sahgul.

_aurok4 Zkutkrs

EKHKZCMIAUKZ@LK@XDAG@_YFG_XMKJMAYKZ_[GX

Xfk [._. Dustgok Hkpcrtlk`t fcs

dag`kh c wfgstmk-jmawkr mcwsugt cmmkigì

Lkhgocrk ercuh jy Erksk`gus Lkhgocm

Ocrk CI,tfk warmhs jgiikst hgcmysgs ocrk

oalpc`y.Xfk sugt cicg`st twa u`gts ae

tfk Ikrlc` oalpc`y, ocmmkh Zk`cm Ocrk

Iraup c`h Zk`cm Ocrk Iraup _uppmy

Oalpc`y, cmmkiks tfct omcgls sujlgttkh

jktwkk` 3777 c`h :22; ear falk hgcmy-

sgs suppmgks c`h kqugplk`t wkrk ecmsk.

Erksk`gus coqugrkh rgvcm Zk`cm Ocrk

Iraup mcst ykcr ear $?.; jgmmga` ta jaast

gts prkskòk g` tfk [._. lcrnkt. Xfk

oalpc`y oa`trcots wgtf tfk [._. iav-

kr`lk`ts Lkhgocrk fkcmtf g`surcòk

praircl ear tfk kmhkrmy.

Ngh`ky ar rk`cm ecgmurk pctgk`ts aetk`

rkqugrk hgcmysgs, c praokhurk wfgof

egmtkrs wcstk prahuots eral tfk jmaah.

Lkhgocrk wgmm pcy oalpc`gks skmmgì

hgcmysgs suppmgks ta pctgk`ts a`my ge tfk

egrls crk g`hkpk`hk`t eral hgcmysgs

ecogmgtgks c`h tfk pctgk`t ofaasks ta

rkokgvk tfask suppmgks.Cooarhgì ta tfk

oalpmcg`t,tfk oalpc`y skt up c sfcl

jusg`kss tfct wcs àt g`hkpk`hk`t c`h

tfct kxgstkh mgttmk lark tfc` ta sujlgt

jgmms ta tfk iavkr`lk`t. Xfk sugt wcs

egmkh g tfk [._. Hgstrgot Oaurt g` _t.Maugs,Lgssaurg jy twa earlkr klpmay-

kks ae tfk oalpc`y.

G` :228, Icljra Fkcmtfocrk, àw

pcrt ae Erksk`gus lcdar rgvcm HcUgtc

Gò.,cirkkh ta pcy $?;2 lgmmga` g` orglg-

`cm eg`ks c`h ogvgm pk`cmtgks ta skttmk

fkcmtf ocrk ercuh ofcriks wgtf tfk

[._. Dustgok Hkpcrtlk`t. Xfct kcrmgkr

ocsk gòmuhkh cmmkictga`s ae c sfkmm

oalpc`y skmmgì suppmgks ta falk hgcmy-

sgs pctgk ts, c`h wcs cmsa jcskh aut ae

tfk Dustgok Hkpcrtlk`ts Lgssaurg

aeegok. Ct tfk tglk, gt wcs a`k ae tfk

mcrikst fkcmtf ocrk ercuh skttmklk`ts

rkcofkh jy tfk [._. iavkr`lk`t. Gts

iaah ta skk tfk ekhkrcm iavkr`lk`t

tcngì a` tfask oarparctga`s tfct

oallgt ercuh g` oa``kotga` wgtf ekhkrcm

praircls c`h oa`trcots.

_aurok4 Zkutkrs

FGIFOA[ZX_FA[MHRZAXKOXG@UK_XAZ_

ZGIFX_

Xfrkk earlkr _kourgtgks c`h Kxofcìk

Oallgssga` (_KO) aeegogcms crk cttklpt-

gì ta g`tkrvk`k g` tfk _uprklk Oaurt

hgsputk tfct oaumh hktkrlg`k wfktfkr

hkercuhkh g`vkstars oc` rkoavkr la`ky

eral tfgrh pcrtgks.Xfk rkcsa` tfct tfgs

ocsk fcs trgiikrkh `ctga`cm cttk`tga` gs

jkocusk gt wgmm fcvk rkpkroussga`s ear

klpmaykks c`h sfcrkfamhkrs wfa mast

jgmmga`s ae hammcrs g` tfk :223 K`ra` oam-

mcpsk. Xfk egvk-lkljkr _KO vatkh

kcrmgkr tfgs ykcr ta egmk oaurt pcpkrs tfct

suppart g`vkstars c`h tfkgr cjgmgty ta

suk cooau`tc`ts,mcwykrs c`h atfkr tfgrh

pcrtgks wfa hgh àt lcnk pujmgo stctk-

lk`ts cjaut ercuh jut wfa à`ktfkmkss

lcy fcvk fkmpkh tfkgr omgk`ts ocrry aut

tfk sofklks. Ear salk rctfkr strcìk

rkcsa`,fawkvkr, tfk _KO jrgke,fawkvkr,

wcs `kvkr egmkh.

Cs prkvgausmy rkpartkh, tfk [._. samgog-

tar ik`krcm, wfa spkcns ear tfk Jusf

chlg`gstrctga` jkeark tfk _uprklk

Oaurt, rkeuskh ta cookpt tfk _KOs jrgke.

Fk mkt c hkchmg`k ear egmgì mkicm jrgkes

a` sfcrkfamhkrs jkfcme pcss wgtf à

oallk`t.Xfk hkogsga` oclk cetkr Rrksg-

hk`t Jusf c`h Xrkcsury _korktcry Fk`ry

L. Rcumsa` Dr. scgh tfct pasgtga` oaumhput [._. oalpc`gks ct c hgschvc`tcik ta

earkgi` rgvcms c`h kxpask jusg`kssks

ta sujstc`tgcm eg`cògcm rgsns.Xfk ocsk,

g` wfgof Ofcrtkr Oallu`goctga`s

g`vkstars wc`t ta suk jusg`kss pcrt`krs

Lataramc c`h _ogk`tgego-Ctmc`tc, gs sofkh-

umkh ta jk fkcrh jy tfk _uprklk Oaurt

g` gts oalgì tkrl.

C jgpcrtgsc` iraup ae earlkr _KO

mkchkrs, gòmuhgì earlkr ofcgrlk`

Ygmmgcl F. Ha`cmhsa` c`h Crtfur Mkvgtt

c`h earlkr oallgssga`kr Fcrvky D.

Iamhsoflgh, csnkh ear pkrlgssga` a`

Dumy 35tf ta egmk c past-hkchmg`k jrgke wgtf

tfk Fgif Oaurt g` wfct tfky mcjkmkh c

orgtgocm ocsk. Xfk mcwykrs ear tfk

iraup, @kw Warn [`gvkrsgty mcw praeks-

sar Crtfur Z. Lgmmkr c`h earlkr _KO

mcwykr Lkykr Kgsk`jkri,wratk4

Famhgì mgcjmk wraìhakrs wfa

cotgvkmy kìcik g` ercuhumk`t

oa`tcot tfct mcons c mkigtglctk

jusg`kss purpask haks àt fg`hkr,

jut rctfkr k`fcòks, tfk g`tkirgty

ae aur lcrnkts c`h aur koaàly.

Yk jkmgkvk tfct tfk g`tkirgty ae aur

lcrnkts gs tfkgr strkìtf.

Xfgs ocsk gs jkgì vgkwkh cs a`k ae

tfk last glpartc`t skourgtgks-mcw gssuks

ta rkcof tfk _uprklk Oaurt g` ykcrs.

Xfcts wfy mats ae eamns, wfa fcvk tfk

JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal 3?


14/48

Y hkocms a` tfkgr ocrs, sfaumh pcy

cttk`tga` ta tfgs ocsk. G haujt tfky kvk`

nàw tfct tfk Jusf Yfgtk Fausk fcs

tcnk` c pasgtga` tfct gs vkry luof c`tg-

g`vkstar c`h vkry luof cicg`st tfkgr

jkst g`tkrksts. Gts glpassgjmk ta dustgey

tfk chlg`gstrctga`s pasgtga`, jut tfct

fcs `kvkr skklkh ta jatfkr tfgs prksg-

hk`t a` atfkr era`ts.

_aurok4 Ycsfgìta` Rast

UG.

OCLRCGI@

EG@C@OK ZKEAZL

C ECGM[ZKAELA@[LK@XCMRZARAZXGA@_

Xfk ecgmurks ae jatf Oaìrkss c`h

last stctk mkigsmcturks ta pcss lkc`gì-eum oclpcgi` eg`còk rkearl mgtgictga`

fcvk ta jk oa`sghkrkh lcdar hgscppag`t-

lk`ts.Xfk Clkrgoc` pkapmk sfaumh jk

autrcikh avkr tfk rkeuscm ae pamgtgogc`s

ta tconmk tfgs prajmkl. Gts praae pasg-

tgvk ae tfk pawkr c`h gèmukòk ae tfk

igc`ts g` Oarparctk Clkrgoc c`h tfkgr

fgifmy pcgh c`h wkmm-oa``kotkh majjy-

gsts. G cl àt surk faw luof ma ikr tfk

vatkrs wgmm put up wgtf tfk oa`tgùkh

ecgmurk ta cot g c` crkc ae oaòkr` tfct

ceekots cmm Clkrgoc` ogtgzk`s. Kvk`tucmmy,tfk pamgtgogc`s wgmm fcvk ta nkkp tfkgr

oclpcgi` pralgsksct mkcst, G fapk

tfct hcy wgmm oalk c`h saa`.

XFK[ROALG@ICMCJCLC_[RZKLKOA[ZXZCOK

Xfkrk wgmm jk c rcok ear c sgìmk skct

a` tfk Cmcjclc _uprklk Oaurt `kxt

ykcr. Dustgok Fcramh _kkwfa fcs `kvkr

skk` c dury vkrhgot g` ecvar ae c oa`-sulkr ar vgotgl ae oarparctk wraìha-

gì tfct fk hgh`t wc`t ta rkvkrsk c`h

rk`hkrwgmm jk up ear rkkmkotga` g`

:226. Ge tfkrk fcs kvkr jkk` c rcok g`

wfgof oclpcgi` eg`còk rkearl gs jchmy

`kkhkh, gt omkcrmy gs tfgs a`k.Xfk Hkla-

orctgo c`h Zkpujmgoc` pcrty mkchkrs

sfaumh dag` earoks c`h ikt c oclpcgi`

eg`còk rkearl jgmm pcsskh g` tfk rkiumcr

skssga` ae tfk Cmcjclc Mkigsmcturk tfct

wgmm jrgì salk egsocm sc`gty ta tfk :226

oaurt rcok.

UGG.

OA@IZK__GA@CM

[RHCXK

XFK@KYOA@IZK__FCHJKXXKZIKXJ[_W

Yfct fcs fcppk`kh ta cmm ae tfk

pralgsks jy Hklaorcts tfct wkrk sup-

paskh ta jrgì cjaut c `kw hcy g` Oa`-

irkss1 Yfk` gts cmm scgh c`h ha`k, gt

cppkcrs tfct tfk pawkreum majjygsts stgmm

ru` tfk sfaw g` Ycsfgìta`. [`mkss

tfask sfconmks crk jrank`, spkogcm g`tkr-

ksts, c`h àt tfk pkapmks g`tkrksts, wgmmoa`tgùk ta jk skrvkh jy tfk Fausk c`h

_k`ctk, wfgof crk àw astk sgjmy u`hkr

Hklaorctgo oa`tram. Eartu`ctkmy, tfkrk gs

stgmm tglk ta jrgì tfk pkapmks cik`hc ta

tfk earkera`t c`h ear aur mcwlcnkrs ta

ikt haw` ta jusg`kss. Ge yau cirkk, mkt

yaur Fausk lkljkrs c`h _k`ctars fkcr

eral yau.Yk `kkh cotga`àt warhs!

XFKOA@IZK__GA@CMHKJCXKAUKZGZCSFKCX_[R

Xfkrk gs a`k crkc ae oaòkr` g` wfgof

mcwlcnkrs g` Ycsfgìta` eg`h tfkl-

skmvks jktwkk` c raon c`h c fcrh pmcok,

c`h tfcts tfk eu`hgì ae tfk wcr g` Grcq,

wfgof gs àw oastgì tfk tcxpcykrs

cjaut $3: jgmmga` pkr la`tf.Xfkrk gs

avkrwfkmlgì appasgtga` ta tfgs wcr,

jut ct tfk sclk tglk àjahy wc`ts ta

mkcvk aur traaps g` fcrls wcy wgtfaut

jkgì chkquctkmy suppmgkh c`h eummy sup-

partkh. Wkt gts qugtk ajvgaus tfct à`ctga` eral autsghk tfk rkiga` oc` suo-

oksseummy rkekrkk c ogvgm wcr ae tfk sart

tfcts jkgì wcikh g` Grcq. Rkapmk cmm

avkr tfk oau`try rkcmgzk tfct g`vchgì

c`h aooupygì Grcq wcs c laùlk`tcm

lgstcnk.Xfk qukstga` gs, faw haks Oa -

irkss ikt us aut ae tfk lkss tfct tfk

Jusf-Ofk`ky wcr lcofg`k put aur

traaps g`ta1 Cs G wcs wrgtgì tfgs pcrt ae

tfk Zkpart, tfk [._. _k`ctk fcs jkk`

kìcikh g` c eumm-jmaw` egmgjustkr avkr

tfk g`vamvklk`t ae [._ traaps g` Grcq.

Hklaorctgo cttklpts ta stap tfk egmg-

justkr ekmm c ekw vatks sfart ae tfk 52

vatks rkqugrkh ta stap c egmgjustkr g` tfk

_k`ctk. G fapk tfct tfk smkkp-g` wcs`t

dust c pujmgogty stu`t. Ge tfct pravks ta jk

tfk ocsk, gt wgmm fcvk jkk` c oastmy

lgstcnk.

MAJJWG@IC@HKXFGO_ZKEAZLJGMM_XCMMKHCICG@

Cs tfgs gssuk wk`t ta tfk prg`tkr,

irau`hjrkcngì majjygì c`h ktfgos

rkearl mkigsmctga` wcs jkgì fkmh up g`

Oaìrkss. Rujmgo Ogtgzk` wcs fcrh ct

warn trygì ta ikt c jrkcntfrauif a`

tfgs jchmy `kkhkh mkigsmctga`,c`h G fapk

tfky wgmm jk suooksseum. _k`ctar DglHkLg t (Z-_O), pmcokh c famh a`

cppag`tgì _k`ctk oaèkrkks ta gra` aut

tfk hgeekrkòks wgtf tfk Fausk ae Zkp-

rksk`tctgvks c`h oalpmktk pcsscik ae

tfk majjygì c`h ktfgos rkearl jgmm. Dust

jkeark tfk Dumy 8tf rkokss, _k`ctar Lgtof

LoOa``kmm (Z-NW) g` c mgnk lc``kr,

jmaonkh c latga` ta praokkh wgtf rko-

aògmgì Fausk c`h _k`ctk majjygì

rkearl jgmms _.3 c`h F.Z. :?35.

Rujmgo Ogtgzk` fcs hklc`hkh tfct

Oaìrkss lavk cfkch wgtf omkc`gì up

gts cot, cppag`t oaèkrkks ta cirkk upa`

tfk straìkst majjygì c`h ktfgos

rkearl mkigsmctga`,c`h pcss tfksk maì-

avkrhuk rkearls g`ta mcw. _k`ctar

HkLg`t, wfa fcs arofkstrctkh tfk mctkst

g` c maì mg`k ae ajstruotga`gst tcotgos,

omcgls ta jk jmaongì tfk rkearl mkigsmc-

tga` ear c mkigtglctk rkcsa`. Jut, gts

ajvgaus tfct fk gs àtfgì lark tfc` c

wctkr-jay ear tfk pawkreum spkogcm g`tkr-

ksts. Dac` Omcyjraan,prksghk`t ae RujmgoOgtgzk`,fch tfgs ta scy cjaut fgs tcotgos4

Xfgs gs c jaius kxousk ta jmaon

ktfgos rkearl. Xfk _k`ctk fcs

cppravkh tfk kcrlcrn rkearls

spa sarkh jy HkLg`t fglskme, wfgof

pcsskh jy c vatk ae 76-2 g` tfk

ktfgos c`h majjygì rkearl mkigsmc-

tga`, _. 3, tfct fk gs àw jmaongì.

38 JkcsmkyCmmk`.oal


15/48

Cmsa, tfk _k`ctk cmrkchy hgsomasks

last kcrlcrns a`mg`k kvk` wgtfaut

tfk mkigsmctga` g` pmcok.

Mcst ykcr, wfk` oaìrkssga`cm Zkpuj-

mgoc`s wkrk g` tfk lcdargty, tfky ngmmkh

majjygì c`h ktfgos rkearl mkigsmctga`

jy rkeusgì ta cppag`t oaèkrkks ta

eg gsf tfk mkigsmctga`. Xfgs ykcr, tfk

_k`ctk c`h Fausk cicg` cppravkh skpc-rctk rkearl jgmmswgtf tfk `kxt stkp

jkgì cppravcm ear c oaèkrkòk oal-

lgttkk ta rksamvk tfk hgeekrkòks. Oa`-

irkss `kkhs ta ha wfct gs rgift c`h pcss

tfgs mkigsmctga . Xfk pujmgo fcs jkk`

wcgtgì ear ykcrs a` Oaìrkss ta cot. Gts

tglk ear cotga`!

_aurok4 Rujmgo Ogtgzk`

FA[_KRC__K_HZ[I_CEKXWAUKZFC[M

Xfk [._.Fausk ae Zkprksk`tctgvks fcs

cppravkh c swkkpgì avkrfcum ae tfk

`ctga`s hrui scekty systkl.Xfk 82?-35

Fausk vatk eammawkh _k`ctk pcsscik g`

Lcy ae sglgmcr mkigsmctga` ta strkìtfk`

tfk cjgmgty ae tfk Eaah c`h Hrui Chlg`-

gstrctga` (EHC) ta hktkot rgsny sghk

keekots ae lkhgog`ks cmrkchy a` tfk

lcrnkt. Oaìrkssga`cm c`h g`hkpk`hk`t

g`qugrgks tfct wkrk oa`huotkh,

pralptkh jy tfk :228 wgtfhrcwcm ae

Ugaxx, eau`h tfk cikòys scekty aeegokta jk u`hkrstceekh, gmm-kqugppkh, c`h

avkrwfkmlkh. Cs c rksumt, oa`sulkrs

fcvk jkk` pmcokh g` fcrls wcy jkocusk

ae tfk ecgmgìs ae tfk pujmgo fkcmtf

systkl.G fapk tfgs jgmm, ge eg`cmmy pcsskh,

wgmm mcy tfk irau`hwarn ear rkstargì

trust g` tfk EHC. [èartu`ctkmy, tfk

scekty mkigsmctga` tfct pcsskh,fawkvkr, gs

pcrt ae c lkcsurk rkcutfargzgì tfk oam-

mkotga` ae g`hustry uskr ekks tfct eu`h

lark tfc` fcme tfk EHCs juhikt earrkvgkwgì `kw hruis.Xfkrk g` mgks luof

ae tfk prajmkls wgtf tfk EHCgts

hkpk`hk ok a` hrui g`hustry eu`hg i.

Xfk Fausk jgmm eammaws tfk sclk jcsgo

cppracof ta scekty cs tfk _k`ctk

vkrsga`, jut oa`sulkr iraups scgh gt

waumh igvk tfk EHC straìkr rkiumctary

pawkrs g` salk crkcs. Jatf jgmms waumh

skt up c oalputkrgzkh `ktwarn ta soc`

lkhgocm g`surcòk c`h pfcrlcoy

rkoarhs ear pcttkr`s tfct oaumh sgi`cm

prajmkls wgtf kw hruis.Xfk EHC aw

rkmgks a` c`kohatcm rkparts sujlgttkh

jy haotars c`h hrui oalpc`gks, wfgof

crk jkmgkvkh ta ocpturk a`my c slcmm erco-

tga` ae jch hrui rkcotga`s.

Jut, c oalputkrgzkh systkl oaumh

tcnk skvkrcm ykcrs ta hkpmay.Cmtfauif,

tfk _k`ctk jgmm skts salk jkòflcrns

ear tfk EHC, tfk Fausk vkrsga` haks

àt. Jatf jgmms waumh igvk tfk EHC chhg-

tga`cm mkvkrcik g` hkcmgì wgtf hrui

oalpc`gks. Xfgs gòmuhks irkctkr

cutfargty ta rkqugrk tfct prksorgjgì mgt-

krcturk ear haotars c`h pctgk`ts rkemkots

tfk mctkst hctc a` rgsns, cs wkmm cs tfk

pawkr ta arhkràt dust rkqukst

eammaw-up scekty stuhgks. _uof avkrsgift

waumh jk ocrrgkh aut tfrauif rgsn lc`-

ciklk`t pmc`s tcgmarkh ta spkogegohruis.Xfk rumks ear tfk rgsn pmc`s crk

oalpmkx, jut pamgoy c`cmyst Ygmmgcl

Ucuifc` ae Oa`sulkrs [`ga` jkmgkvks

tfct, avkrcmm, tfk Fausk cppracof

cppkcrs ta jk straìkr.Xfk Fausk jgmm

cmsa gòmuhks stgeekr eg`ks ear hrui oal-

pc`gks tfct vgamctk EHC rkqugrklk`ts

c`h tgiftkr rumks ta rkhuok oaèmgots ae

g`tkrkst claì autsghk sogk`tgsts wfa

chvgsk tfk cikòy.

G fapk c Fausk-_k`ctk oaèkrkòk

oallgttkk wgmm warn aut hgeekrkòks

jktwkk` tfk twa jgmms c`h rkpart c

straì jgmm. Oaìrkssga`cm mkchkrs scy

tfky wc`t ta sk`h Rrksghk`t Jusf c eg`cm

vkrsga` tfgs sullkr. Gts uòmkcr faw

tfk Yfgtk Fausk wgmm rkcot ta tfk eg`-

gsfkh prahuot. Jkeark tfk _k`ctk vatkh

g` Lcy, tfk Chlg`gstrctga` scgh gt cirkkh

wgtf tfk iacms ae tfk mkigsmctga`, jut fch

skrgaus oaòkr`s cjaut cspkots ae tfk

rgsn pmc`s. G`tkrkstgìmy, tfk pfcrlcoku-

tgocm g`hustry fcs kxprksskh suppart eartfk _k ctk jgmm.Xfcts sart ae socry!

_aurok4 Mas Cìkmks Xglks

UGGG.

RZAH[OX

MGCJGMGXW [RHCXK

RZAH[OX_MGCJGMGXWOC_K_CZK_ALKXGLK_AUKZMAANKH

Aur egrl fcs mkcr`kh avkr tfk ykcrs

tfct c prahuots mgcjgmgty ocsk oc` salk-

tglks jk avkrmaankh g` c latar vkfgomk

orcsf u`mkss yau nàw wfct ta maan ear

c`h faw ta hktkot c patk`tgcm omcgl. Gts

salktglks kcsy ta lgss suof c ocsk

u`mkss c` kxpkrgkòkh mcwykr c`h qucmg-

egkh g`vkstgictars c`h kxpkrts crk

g`vamvkh kcrmy a` cetkr c latar vkfgomk

orcsf aoours. Lc`y tglks tfk orcsf gs

jmclkh a` hrgvkr krrar, c`h tfk prah-

uots mgcjgmgty omcgl gs `kvkr kvk` maankh

g`ta. Gts jkk` ly kxpkrgkòk tfct c`yfgifwcy orcsf tfct g`vamvks hkctf ar

skrgaus g`durgks sfaumh jk rkvgkwkh ta

skk wfktfkr g` ecot tfkrk gs c orcsfwar-

tfg`kss omcgl ar salk atfkr omcgl tfct

fcs c prahuot hkekot cs c ocusk. Ae

oaursk, c skrgaus g dury g` tfgs oa`tkxt

lkc`s a`k g`vamvgì skvkrk jrcg` g`dury,

pcrcmysgs, ar salk atfkr g`dury tfct

mkcvks c vgotgl wgtf pkrlc`k`t glpcgr-

lk`t ct c sgi`gegoc`t mkvkm.

Xfkrk crk cmm sarts ae prahuots mgcjgmgty

ocsks g`vamvgì latar vkfgomk orcsfks,c`h G cl mglgtgì tfgs wrgtgì ta tfask

kvk`ts.C`y tglk c orcsf g`vamvks c ramm

avkr ar c tgrk skpcrctga`, tfk g`vkstgic-

tga` sfaumh gòmuhk tfk passgjgmgty ae c

prahuots ocsk.Xfk sclk rumk ae tfulj

cppmgks ge c eukm-ekh egrk gs tfk oumprgt.

Cmsa, ge tfkrk gs c ecgmurk ae c skct jkmt ta

Documents

The Jere Beasley Report, Aug. 2007