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The Industrial Revolution
By Justin Scott Ehrenpreis
Jethro Tull
Invented the seed drill
Eli Whiteny
American Inventor of the cotton-cleaning machine
Cotton Gin
Charles Townshend
New method of crop rotation
Urged farmers to grow turnips which restored exhausted soil
Samuel F.B. Morse
Invented telegraph
Adam Smith
Economist
Wrote “Wealth of Nations”
Supported Laissezfaire
Karl MarxEconomist
Wrote “The Communist Manifesto” Saw world class struggle
Felt workers were exploited
Supported Communism
Were none private property exists
Abraham Darby
Found a way to remove impurities from coal
Helped to produce iron by smelting
Richard Arkwright
Invented water frame
Used water to power to speed up textile production
Rudolf Diesel
Invented engine
James Watt
Improved engine
His engines became a key to the Industrial Revolution
Why did the Industrial Revolution on Began in England?
Water (transportation, power)
Coal (smelting iron)
Education
How did Industrialization contribute to and cause Urbanization?
Moved people from farms to city
Technology made less jobs on farms
Development of factories meant more jobs in cities
How did the middle class transform the social structure of Great Britain
during the Industrial Revolution?
Poor conditions of working class
Raise to a more prosperous and stronger middle class
Middle class not large, gained in political power
Middle class made Reform Act of 1832
Terms
Wealth of Nations
Written by Adam Smith
Supported Laissez-faire
Capitalist ideas
Mass Production
System of factories making things in large quantities
Cottage Factory
Clothes made at homes
Urbanization
Growth of cities
Movement of people from rural areas to city
Capital
Wealth to invest
Factories
Places that brought together workers and machines to produce large quantities of goods
Tenement
Multistory buildings divided into crowded apartments
Labor Union
To improve working conditions
“worker’s organizations”
Utilitarianism
The idea that the goal of society should be
Socialism
To end poverty and injustice
The people as whole would own and operate the means of production
Communism
A form of socialism
Sees classes struggle between employees
unavoidable
proletariat
Working class
Means of Production
Large businesses
Produce and distributed goods
Corporations
Business owned by investors
Buy shares of stock
Risk only the amount invested
Imperialism
Domination by one country of political, economical, or cultural life of another country or nation
Monopoly
Complete control of a product or business by one person or group
Laissez-faire
Policy allowed business to operate with on government interference
Assembly Line
Production method that breaks down complex job into smaller tasks
Proletariat
Take control of means of production
Set up classless communist society
Plough
A machine that turns the soil and brakes it up
Kill weeds
Methodism
Religious movement
Founded by John Wesley
Stressed personal faith
Taught the poor to read and write
Luddite
Apposed to the new labor saving machines
Smashed machines and burned factories
infrastructure
Roads, dams, buildings that are owned by society
Rotation
Crop Rotation, allowed farmers to grow turnips which restored exhausted soil
Charles Townshend
Revolution
The overthrow of government
Capitalism
Economic system
Means of production are privately owned and operated for profit
Steam Engine
Made power from steam
Invented by Newcomen
Improved by James Watt
Enclosure Movement
Process of taking over and fencing off land
Communist Manifesto
By Karl Marx
Saw world class struggle
Felt workers exploited
Supported communism where no private property exists
Fallow
No crops just dirt in feild
Agrarian
“agraculture’
Bourgeoisie
“Middle Class”
Communism
Form of complete socialism
Means of Production are owned by the people
Private property not exists
Fulton's Steam Boat
Clermont
Industrialization
The process of developing machines to produce goods
Causes of Industrial Revolution
Agriculture RevolutionPopulation ExplosionNew TechnologiesSocial Changes