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The IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN Standard for Broadband Wireless Metropolitan Area NetworksITU-APT Regional SeminarBusan, Republic of Korea10 Sept 2004
Ken StanwoodCEO, Cygnus Multimedia Communications
Vice-Chair, IEEE 802.16 Working Grouphttp://WirelessMAN.org
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Broadband Wireless Access
The Problem to Solve
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The World Wants Access
l All over the world:� Users want access to networks� Network operators want access to customers� Users want diverse media simultaneously
l Broadband Wireless Access flourishes where:�Many users are dissatisfied with their access� Network operators need to reach customers
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Market Segments for Wireless Access
ResidentialSOHO
SmallBusiness
MediumBusiness
Multi-Tenant
Residential
LargeBusiness
Addressable Markets
PointPoint--toto--Multipoint Multipoint 1010--40GHz40GHz
Fiber
150 Mbps
50 Mbps
20 Mbps
10 Mbps
2 Mbps
500 kbps
56 kbps
1 Gbps
Dat
a R
ate
FSO
PtP
MobileBackhaul
xDSL, Cable
PmP<11 GHz
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Broadband Access to Buildings
l The “Last Mile”� Fast local connection to network
l Business and residential customers demand it� Data� Voice� Video distribution� Real-time videoconferencing� Gaming applications
l Network operators demand itl High-capacity cable/fiber to every user is expensive
� Construction costs do not follow Moore’s Law
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WirelessMAN: Wireless Metropolitan Area Network
Residentialcustomer
repeater SMEcustomer
Multi-tenantcustomers
SOHOcustomer
Basestation
Basestation
Source: Nokia Networks
Corenetwork
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802.16 in Metro Ethernet
OpticalMetro Ethernet
CE
CE
EthernetUNI
EthernetUNI
EVC 1
EVC 2
EVC 3 EthernetBackhaul
802.16Base
Station
802.16SS
802.16SS
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Vision - Wireless Multimedia Distribution
802.16d
CordlessPhone
PocketPC
Guaranteed and Best Effort Access
CBR TDM Voice
Best Effort Access
Real -Time Video
2xHDTVBroadband Service
802.16d
Gaming
Real-Time Video2xHDTV
Tablet PCwith
Camera
802.16d
802.16/11802.16/11
WiMAX802.16/11
AP
Set TopBox
Real
-Tim
e Vi
deo
2xHD
TV
HDTV
Gua
rant
eed
Dat
a A
cces
s
802.16d802.16d
802.16, Cable, DSL, IP
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Hierarchical Systems
INTERNETBACKBONE
Non Line of SightPoint to Multi-point
BACKHAUL
INDOORCPE
802.11 802.11 & &
802.16802.16
802.16
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Why 802.16 for Multimedia Wireless Networks?
l 802.16 provides TrueTrue QoSl Allows more efficient use of available spectrum than
other wireless technologiesl Better security, authentication, and protection against
theft of servicel Possibility to use both licensed and unlicensed
frequencies
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Properties of IEEE Standard 802.16
l Broad bandwidth� Up to 96 Mbps (>70 Mbps throughput) in 20 MHz channel (in
WirelessMANTM-OFDM air interface)
l Supports multiple services simultaneously with full QoS� Efficiently transport IPv4, IPv6, ATM, Ethernet, etc.
l Bandwidth on demand (frame by frame)l MAC designed for efficient used of spectruml Comprehensive, modern, and extensible securityl Supports frequency allocations from <1 to 66 GHz
� ODFM and OFDMA for non-line-of-sight applications
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Properties of IEEE Standard 802.16
l TDD and FDDl Link adaptation: Adaptive modulation and coding
� Subscriber by subscriber, burst by burst, uplink and downlink
l Point-to-multipoint topology, with mesh extensionsl Support for adaptive antennas and space-time coding
� Beamforming and MIMO
l Extensions to mobility are coming next.
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3rd Gen. Technology in 802.16
Adaptive TDDvariable asymmetry in a single
broadband channel best matchesbandwidth to demand
frequency
time Adaptive TDMATrue bandwidth on demand and
variable packet sizes providedifferentiated, bursty services
to multiple users
QPSK
Q16
distance
Adaptive Modulationvariable modulation maximizes
both air-link capacity and coverageQ64
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QAM-64QAM-64
99.993%~ 4 hrs/yr
85% of Channel Capacity99.95%*
~ 364 days 19.5 hrs/yr
100% of Channel Capacity99.999%,
~ 20 min/yr
70% Channel CapacityQPSK QAM-16 QAM-64
2-3km*
Modulation changes dynamically to match propagation path conditions
* Typical for .01% rain rate 40-50 mm/hr at 28GHz (egg. Chicago. SFO is about 35mm/hr)
QAM-16 QAM-64QPSK QAM-16 QAM-64
2-3km*
QAM-16 QAM-64
Coverage/Capacity Advantage of Adaptive PHY
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802.16 Supports Beamforming and MIMO
l High system gain for maximum coverage and availability
l Use for extended range or increased capacity
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IEEE 802.16 Working Group
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IEEE 802.16 Leadership
l Chair: Roger Marksl Vice Chair: Ken Stanwoodl Secretary: Dean Chang
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802.16a(Jan 2003)
• Extension for 2-11 GHz• Targeted for non line of sight, Point-to-
Multi-Point applications like “last mile” broadband access
802.16 Standards Genealogy
802.16(Dec 2001)
• Original fixed wireless broadband air Interface for 10 – 66 GHz
• Line-of-sight only, Point-to-Multi-Point applications
802.16c(2002)
802.16 AmendmentWiMAX System Profiles
10 - 66 GHz
• 802.16 Revision PAR for 802.16 & 802.16a to add WiMAX System Profiles and Errata for 2-11 GHz in support of 802.16e requirements
802.16e(2005 exp.)
• Amendment for Mobile wireless broadband up to vehicular speeds in licensed bands from 2-6 GHz
• Enables roaming for portable clients roaming for portable clients (laptops) within & between service areas(laptops) within & between service areas
802.16REVd(Sept 2004)
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802.16 and ETSI
l Over 50 liaison letters between 802.16 and ETSI� (European Telecom Standards Institute)
l ETSI HIPERMAN� Below 11 GHz� Healthy cooperation� Harmonized with WirelessMANTM-OFDM
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802.16 and ITU
l ITU-T January 2004:� 802.16 approved as draft recommendation for
wireless extension of cable operator footprint.� Included in-home
l ITU-R November 2004:� Liaison statement� Return statement from 802.16�Working towards ITU BWA recommendation
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WiMAX Purpose
l To promote a common broadband wireless standard
l To develop reduced scope “profiles” to ease development
l To fill the gaps in the IEEE process relative to the ETSI process
l To create a broadband wireless access conformance and interoperability certification process
l To act as a certification body
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Conclusion
l IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN standards are:� open in development and application� addressed at worldwide markets� engineered as optimized technical solutions� significantly complete
– With test spec documents in development
� being enhanced for expanded opportunities