The Horizontal Learning Program

HLP - Defined

Horizontal Learning Program is a local government led peer-to-peer learning platform initiated by the Government of Bangladesh and supported by development partners.

HLP - Process

Horizontal Learning enables local governments to connect with each other to identify, share and replicate the good practices of their peers.

HORIZONTAL

LEARNING

PROCESS

Replicate through holding

hands

Validate

good

practices

Identify good

practices

Learn viaAppreciativeinquiry

Discuss

with

citize

ns and

integrate into

the ADPPrioritize

practices to replicate

Appreciate: To realize our inherent value, strength and potential to overcome the limits that we often unconsciously impose on ourselves.

Connect: To break down the distinctions that separate us from the essence of our peers and detract from our collective well being.

Adapt/Replicate: To start with those things that are already working and enable learning through exposure to good practices within their local context.

HLP - Principles

HLP - Value AddedThe bottom-up process complements top-down capacity building

Cascade Training

Starting Point? Deficiency

What? Should be …

Who teaches? Experts

Who decides? Program does

Why? To meet standards

Where? Classroom

What knowledge? Codified knowledge

Result? Increased Capacity

Horizontal Learning

Capacity

Is working …

Peers

Self selection

To address my needs

Field based

Tacit knowledge

Increased Confidence

What works?

What to teach?

Working Area FY13

The peer-to-peer learning process is led by 383 UPs in 37 upazilas and supported by 32 partners with presence in over 3000 UPs.

HLP - Results

Sector Outcomes (FY11–FY12)

  UP FY11 

UP FY12 

UP FY13 

Good Practices Replicated Good Practice Indicators  FY11 Benef 

FY12 Benef

Sanitation

USD 0.82 mill. 

USD 0.80 mill. 

USD 0.71 mill.

100% sanitation  # people no longer practicing open defecation

500160 1375506

Eco-friendly villages # people living in verified eco-friendly villages

Child to child behavior change # people in families of the children reached

Disaster resilient latrines # people using disaster resilient latrines

Sanitation marketing # people using quality sanitation products

Water Supply

USD 0.85 mill. 

USD 0.77 mill.

USD 1.54 mill.

Pay-for-use Arsenic screening # people consuming safer water (chemical)

1798456 1672109Protection of tube well casing # people consuming safer water (bacterial)

Disaster resilient ponds # people with resilient drinking water supply

Low cost rain water harvesting # people served with emergency water supply

Governance

USD 0.23 mill. 

USD 0.28 mill. 

USD0.66 mill.

Open Budget # people (male / female) participating

234176 547093

Raising Holding Tax # people in new households paying holding tax 

Women’s Forum # people receiving women’s forum services 

Union Coordination Committee # people with improved services via. UCCM 

Union Information Centre # people served with information

Other  

USD 0.46mill. 

 USD 1.33 mill

Disaster Relief Services # people served with disaster relief  2756866Birth & Death Registration # people w/births & deaths registered

Ensure Quality Education # children w/teachers & books 

1.9 2.3 2.9 2532792 3594708

NB – # people served through the replication of good practices (in red) is not included in the total.

HLP Data collated from >90% of UPs (verified by UNOs)

FY13, # Replications FY12, #Replications

100% SanitationSafe Water Supply

Tree PlantationMini Parliament / UDCCM/GO-NGO Meeting

Ensure quality educationOpen Budget /Participatory Planning

UISC 100% Birth & Death Registration

100% enrollment in school100% Tubewell Protection

Disaster Relief ServicesArsenic Screening of Tubewells

Raising Tax / Tax Book / Tax MelaHuman Resources DevelopmentExtension of HLP at Ward Level

Community ClinicsVillage Court

Eradicate Early MarriageElimination of illiteracy

Menstrual /Adolescent Hygiene/LabonnyaWard Taskforce activation

Eco - Friendly Model VillageImprovement of RoadsComposting / Fertilizer

0% 50% 100%100% Sanitation

Safe Water SupplyTree Plantation

Mini Parliament / UDCCM/GO-NGO MeetingOpen Budget/Participatory Planning

100% Birth & Death RegistrationUISC 

Disaster Relief Services100% Tubewell Protection

Human Resources DevelopmentExtension of HLP at Ward LevelArsenic Screening of Tubewells

Ensure quality educationEco - Friendly Model Village

Arsenecosis Patient ManagementVillage Court

Menstrual /Adolescent Hygiene/LabonnyaRaising Tax / Tax Book / Tax Mela

Upazila Womens ForumCommunity policingArsenic Safe Options

Ward Taskforce activationBudget Review Meetings

Social Safet Net

0% 50% 100%

100% FY12 = 303 UPs 100% FY13 = 357 UPs

FY13 UP Budget

100% SanitationSafe Water Supply

Tree PlantationUISC 

Disaster Relief Services100% Tubewell Protection

100% Birth & Death RegistrationEnsure quality education

Human Resources DevelopmentMini Parliament / UDCCM/GO-NGO Meeting

Open Budget/Participatory PlanningArsenic Screening of TubewellsExtension of HLP at Ward Level

Piped water supplyArsenic Safe Options

Handpump registration & mechanicEco - Friendly Model Village

Menstrual /Adolescent Hygiene/LabonnyaArsenecosis Patient Management

0 40000 80000

'000 taka

FY12 UP Budget

Safe Water Supply

Ensure quality education

UISC 

100% Tubewell Protection

Piped water supply

Mini Parliament / UDCCM/GO-NGO Meeting

Human Resources Development

Extension of HLP at Ward Level

Community Clinics

Elimination of illiteracy

0 40000 80000'000 taka

Community Clinics

Eradicate Early Marriage

Raising Tax / Tax Book / Tax Mela

100% enrollment in school

Mini Parliament / UDCCM/GO-NGO Meeting

Village Court

0 20 40

UPZ w/shop <FY12UPZ w/shop >=FY12

+23 fact sheets

+8 fact sheets

+5 fact sheet

+4 fact sheets

+6 fact sheets

+9 fact sheets

+4 fact sheets

+2 fact sheet

+4 fact sheet

+2 fact sheet

+2 fact sheets

+3 fact sheet

+ 75 good practices ... + 58 fact sheets ...

UP Outputs Good practices

HLP - Limitations

Under HLP, external agents can not impose anything on UPs

SIPP

CB

Os

LGSP

NIL

G

Plan

CB

Os

WA

NG

O / C

BO

s

UPGP

WB/UNDP

HYSAWA

DANIDA

Sharique

SDC JICA

PR

DP

: Lin

k Mo

de

l

“What are the deficiencies in capacity?”

WB

E.g. Best practices are determined by UPs and policy reform is proposed by the peer-to-peer collectives of UPs (not by support partners).

“What has worked!”

“What capacities do we already have?”

6 upazilas 13 upazilas 24 upazilas

HORIZONTAL LEARNING PROCESS Appreciation Innovation Partnerships Confidence

38 upazilas

66 UP

232UP

128UP

378UP

So what are we learning from UPs?

Open Planning / BudgetsDescription: Under the Sirajganj Local Governance Development Fund Project (SLGDFP) the conducting of open budget meetings and the raising of holding tax were initiated in 2003.

Replication:  The conducting of open budget sessions and the raising of holding tax was identified as a good practice under HLP & has been replicated by 303 UPs in 27 upazilas.

Learning: Local resources can be increased by linking revenue raising efforts to participatory planning. 0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

Sreepur

Palash

Tarash

Meherpur

Kamalganj

Shyamnagar

Manda

Rajarhat

Chowgacha

Chapainawabganj

Mohanganj

Khansama

Karimganj

Average

Tk p

er c

apit

a

UP holding tax raised per capita

FY08FY09FY10

Results: Data from 111 UPs in 13 Upazilas reveals that holding tax revenues increased by 62% and own source revenues increased by 52 % from FY08-FY10.

Policy: LGD are collating the audit data on own source revenue collection of UPs.

Open Planning / Budgets

Ward Shava planning meeting

to identify priorities Plan & budget screened by

Standing Committees

Draft budget prepared,

distributed & hung on the UP notice

board

Citizens informed & encouraged to participate in the

Open Budget session

Hold open budget & include

comments in the draft budgetApprove the

budget & plan in UP general

meeting

Send approved budget to UNO for

review & comments

Disclose the approved budget &

plan to citizens

Review plan & budget progress

on a quarterly basis

Semester ward shava meeting to review the plan &

budget

Participatory Plan (Open

Budget) Cycle

Raising Holding Tax

Raising Holding Tax

Revenues of 303 UPs (FY10-12)

Du

rga

pu

r

Ma

nd

a

Sh

yam

na

ga

r

Ch

ap

ai N

aw

ab

...

Pa

lash

De

bh

ata

Sre

ep

ur

Kh

an

sam

a

Ch

irir

ba

nd

ar

Ra

ng

am

ati

Ma

gu

ra S

ad

ar

Ka

rim

ga

nj

Ma

nd

a

Ra

jarh

at

Ku

rig

ram

Sa

da

r

Fu

lba

ri

Tita

s

Ta

la

Mith

ap

uku

r

Mo

ha

ng

an

j

Jam

alp

ur

Sa

da

r

No

akh

ali

Sa

da

r

Ka

liha

ti

Pa

lash

ba

ri

Ba

bu

ga

nj

Me

he

rpu

r S

ad

ar

De

bid

wa

r

Ave

rag

e

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0 Own Source Revenue / Capita2010 2011 2012

Ta

ka

/ C

ap

ita

Du

rga

pu

r

Ma

nd

a

Sh

yam

na

ga

r

Ch

ap

ai N

aw

a...

Pa

lash

De

bh

ata

Sre

ep

ur

Kh

an

sam

a

Ch

irir

ba

nd

ar

Ra

ng

am

ati

Ma

gu

ra S

ad

ar

Ka

rim

ga

nj

Ma

nd

a

Ra

jarh

at

Ku

rig

ram

Sa

da

r

Fu

lba

ri

Tita

s

Ta

la

Mith

ap

uku

r

Mo

ha

ng

an

j

Jam

alp

ur

Sa

da

r

No

akh

ali

Sa

da

r

Ka

liha

ti

Pa

lash

ba

ri

Ba

bu

ga

nj

Me

he

rpu

r S

ad

ar

De

bid

wa

r

Ave

rag

e

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5 Holding Tax / Capita2010 2011 2012

Ta

ka

/ C

ap

ita

Benchmarking UP Open Budgets

Audit Data from 4500 UPs Conducted by Private Audit Firms (contracted by LGD) Entered by Private Audit (contracted by LGD) Database of UP Finance (FY10) / Population (Census) Access to data by UPs (via UP Help Line) See attached …..

Thank you

Harmonizing DevelopmentDescription: The Link Model developed by JICA and BRDB sought to improve coordination between the UP, nation building department extension workers and citizens. The link model comprised of three components (1) Union Coordination Committee Meeting, (2) Gram Committee Meeting and (3) Union Development Officer.

Replication: Since the project ended, the UDCCM has been replicated by > 200 UPs. 

Learning: Strengthening the social and legal authority of UPs to coordinate the WSS services provided by others is consistent with their dejure and defacto assignment of responsibilities. 

UP /PouraEnsure

Provide CBOsCo-opsHouse-holds

Companies/ Utilities

JointVentures

Firms NGOsBiddersStaff

Dept’s

Upazila Target

Dept’s

Demand

GoBEnable

Dept’s

WSS Functional Assignment

Policy: LGD issued a circular in 2011 requesting all UPs to conduct UDCCMs