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The Home Inspection Book: A Guide for Professionals
By Marcia Darvin SpadaCopyright,Thomson/South-Western,2003, Revised, 2006
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
2
Chapter 8
Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating, and Air Conditioning Systems
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Chapter 8 Key Terms
Aquifer Backflow preventer Boiler BTU Cesspool Cleanout Compressor Condenser
Convector Evaporator Float valve Forced warm air
system Freon Gate valve Globe valve
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Chapter 8 Key Terms continued
Heat exchanger Hydronic system Main soil stack Main vent stack Nonpotable water Plenum Plumbing fixture Potable water
Pressure regulator valve (PRV)
Refrigerant Septic system Soil or waste stack Temperature pressure
relief valve
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Chapter 8 Key Terms continued
Thermocouple Thermostat Trap Valve
Vent system Water hammer arrestor
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Inspecting the Public Water Supply Entrance
Inspection points: Location of main
service line Condition of pipe
see if leaky or rusted Check if pipe is lead
Location of water meter Check if pressure
reducing value near water meter
Locate main shut-off valve and check condition
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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A home’s layout pattern with well water and septic system
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Well Pumps and Storage Tanks
Pumps Piston Jet (ejector) Submersible
Storage Tanks Pressure tank Elastic pressure Cells Gravity tank Reservoirs Inspection point: Run water-once pressure
tank is empty enough, pump should kick in
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Components of a jet pump
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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A residential piping system
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Typical Cast Iron Soil Pipe Fittings
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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A House Septic System
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Types of Pipe Valves
Water hammer arrestor
Float valve
Pressure regulator
valve
Temperature pressure
relief valve
Gate valve
Type of pipevalves
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Types of Traps
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Inspecting the Pipes
Inspection points: Leakage Rust and corrosion Pipe sizing for
adequate pressure Noisy pipes
Insulation
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Types of Heating Systems
Hot water System
Forced water air system
Electrical resistance system
Steam System
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Heating Fuel and Power
Oil-Fired Heat
Gas-Fired Heat
Electric Heat
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Single-Pipe Hydronic System
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Single-pipe Steam Heating System
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Warm Air Furnaces
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Oil-Fired Warm Air Furnace
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Inspecting the Furnace
Inspection Points:
Each room has convector, radiator, etc.
Age of heating system
Condition of furnace
Safety switch
Ventilation
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Inspecting the Furnace-Oil and Gas Fired
Oil furnace inspection Location of oil storage
tank Aboveground or
underground Underground leakage
into soil Aboveground leaks,
rust, corrosion
Gas furnace inspection Pilot light Gas burners inside heat
exchanger Black iron pipe carrying
gas from source Shut off valve for pipe Drip leg
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Inspecting the Furnace-Hot Water (hydronic) And Hot Air Systems
Inspection points-hot water:
Turn on thermostat to check circulator pumps
Heating water circulating through system
Temperature pressure gauge
Turn off thermostat to make sure system shuts down
Inspection points-hot air: Turn on thermostat and let
system cycle Listen for blowers Turn off thermostat and
check if blowers shut down
Remove and check air filter
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Air Conditioner Components
Refrigerant (freon) Evaporator Compressor Condenser
Air conditioners may be water-cooled or air-cooled
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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A Ground Source Heat Pump
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Types of Water Heaters
Electric water heater
Electric water heater
Summer-winterhookup
Summer-winterhookup
Gas water heater
Gas water heater
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Inspecting the Water Tank
Inspection points: Pressure temperature
relief valve with pipe extension
Ascertain recovery rate of water in tank
Set no higher than 120 degrees
Ventilation Flue pipe to chimney
for gas, propane and oil heaters
Gas leaks Height of burner
flame
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Kitchen Cabinets
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Kitchen Sink Components
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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Inspecting the Sinks
Inspection Points-sink: Water flow Drainage Leakage P or S traps Connection to dishwasher Fastened to counter or
wall
Inspection Points-faucet: Shutoff without leakage Stains Hot and cold flow through
proper side Securely fastened to
countertop Missing handles Rust, corrosion, cracks
Chapter 8 Inspecting the Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning Systems
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A Typical Bathroom Sink
