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P U B L I S H E D E ' V E ^ e 'y M O N D A YR E G IS T E R E D No. 5 3 .

V olume J j l f r i f t f 'n .NuMBEur Art \

CALCU TTA :— M O N D A Y / FJS^EPAIIY 8, 1875.( Ptr Annum in Advance.{ t o > N , . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . ; .n - 8 .( MoFps^iL ..1....*. ,.13-4.

rU M W ESK .M gsdat, 1st F ebbuabt. ;

Tw TKE LAST Bengal Administration Report Sir ’ Richard Temple makes the following remarks on Bengali Literature ; ,

“ Sir KioUiiril'Temple undeiltands that the composition of original Bengalee literature has now gaihed a sure footing, and that for years past it has made a regular :»ml steady pro­gress. An' ii^roved style, free on the one hand from a pecSkntic use oTSanskrit words, and yet on the' other hand enriching the language by words from the parent Sanskrit, where due expression cannot be found otherwise, is being established by the efforts of the more distinguished Bengalee authors, especially in works of fiction and general literature. There is at least one Bengalee novelist of high repute— Baboo Bunkim Chunder Chatterjea—who is also tire editor of an ably, conducted magazine with a considerable circulation. There are now many w;m-written , vernacular liooks on edu­cational subjects, which ^re principally composed by officers in • the Kduoational Department. The Beng.aiep drama is deservedly acquiring an increasing popularity, and the suc­cess of the Bengalee dramatic performances ihathave lately been acted in Calcutta is very noticeable. During the past year Bengalee literature has suffered a great loss from the death of two dramatic writers o f much ability. Mr. M. M. Datta and Baboo Dino Bundhoo Mitter, Roy Bahadoor.”The Lieutenant Governor thus notices the Vernacular Pr^ss:

“ The'number of vernachln# papers supplied'to the Bengal Library during the year 1873-74 was 54 .- of which four were daily, one bi-weekly, 31 weekly, 13 bi-moathly, and fi.ve inoiith).Y, Seven ceased to exist during the year, but SO new piipprs .were started, of which three are monthly, seven bi- moath|y,.^d ten weekly . Of the total number received in the'Eibritry, ^published in the Dacca, two 'in theAssam, two in the Hurdwan/three in the PatUa.'nine in the Rajshahye, and oiie in the Bhaugnlpore, and five in the Pre­sidency Divisions exclndingCalcntJgiytW’^ are published ip the town of Ohaudernagore, two in Chinsiirah, and Iw’Snty 'iii the town of Calcutta. From the Chittagong, Cooph Uehar, and Chota Nagpore', Divisions, ho newspajiers are received ,'ifi the Library.

Sir Richard Temple is glad to be able to say that the ge­neral tone of the Vernacular Press (though disfigured by occasional exo 'Stes)-1* decidedly loyal and well disposed to­wards Government, ali hough the numerous newspapers ’ are dfSlnguished by remarkable independence of criticism. It is noteworthy that the-Native Press has consistently recognised aud appreoiateti the exertions made by Government in avert-

' ing famine from the country, and has evinced the utmost ggat'itude for the results which have been attained in this behhU.'

Id addition to the newspapers mentioned above, Jewish Gaizftte, entitled,. “ d^aeftassaer;” “ Glad'Tidings" was stasted ill ■ Calcutta'dui'injg the year. It contains the general information regarding the Je.ws iiiid their affairs in nil parts of the world, and is .circulated among the Arabio-speaking Jews in all parts of Asia.”

T he total mumbeb -of books received in the Bengal Library diiritig 1873-74 (exclusive o f {feriodi- oals; <&d-) w as '374, against 375 received in 1872,— a deareasp, which ,i$ explatinoil by the.Government Translator to be more nominal than, real, and" due to a large number o f books-actually published late last- year Laving been subniitted in the present year.

The Following ’ statement gi*es ,-a classification o f the- books received r •

, w oa ..S '.

Laqgn^gein Bnljeot matter of work^ . which, written.- gs’g.S .♦ ’ a i: S g § s, 2BO.? s f s

J . . ... !zi i z ; * ^ H

^English *...Poetry , —, Religions. ... >

46 » 44

2626

7270

Sanskrit ... Miscellaneoas 52 14 66Uriya Rhetoric,: &o. ■ 20 18 38Urdu Natnral Science, 4ce., ... 22 1 28Hindi ... Mathematies, <t-c. 18 4 22Assamese... Romance 16 6 21Persian, ..., Law 15 2 17Sontliali... . Drama 13 ’ 1 14Lepoha ... History 9 3 12

MedicineMeaMI and Moral Philo-

8 1 9

sophjr 3 2 5Biography ... 4 4

• Travels ... 1 11 '—Sr— ' ■ »!■

' I ■ . 271 103 374Sir Bichard T e.\iple makes the following re­

marks-on the.working o f the Brahma Marriage A ct :■“ Under the Bnihmo Marriage A ct’ (Act III. of 1872),

during Its first year of operation. 1872-73, six original mar­riages were Solemnized. Last' year there were .only four Brahmo marriifges'ia Calcutta; Rnngpore, .Dacca, ahtl Backer- «unge. • ■ , . f ’

It is noteworthy that three of these cases were widow mar­riages, anil two were also intermarriages of different castes. Ill all tb^cases, boih parties were adults, and except in the case of one female of low caste, were able to read and write. Although t!ie Act is not so much resorted to as might have been anticipated, the possession of the Act has gtVen great satisfaction to the Brahmo community, and tlie marriages that haveboeii solemnized under its provisions lire, in . the. present state of II Indoo society, of much social interest.”

T he f o llo w in g sta t ist ic s of Mahomedan educa­tion are interesting : , »

“ It was estimated at. the time the last report was written that there might then be about 80,000 Muhammadans receiv­ing instruction in schools connected with the Educ.ation De- p.irtmeut, and the returns of the last year show that this estimate was not far from the truth, the number of Muham­madans, ou the rolls on the 31st March being 81,222 ont of a total roll null)ber of 400,721, These 80,329 Muh imm'adan pupils were distributed amongst the •sever.'il divisions us shown in the list below, which .also gives the number of Hindu pupils in the schools of the same districts :—

Muhammadans. Hindus. ■Burdwan Division* * ... 5100 82511Calcutta . , „ ... 589 5822Presideney ,, * , ... ' 55627Rajshahye ,, - 23811, 29706Cooch Betinr „ • ... 1810 1411Dacca , ,, 13207 . , 35094Chittagong ,, ... 8535 11064Patna „ ..i 4662 33883Bhaiigulpore „ ... 4233 17302OrUsa . . . ‘ 1299. 17117Chota Nagpore .. 695 11171

Total............ 80329 301268The vast majority of the Muhammadan pupils were in the

lower vernacular or primary schools, in which they numbered 70,174, or 87 per eont. of the whole..

The number of iVTuharamadiins in the middle and lugher English schools together was 4,185, against 35,0'23 Hindus ; thus only 5 per cent, of the Muhammadans at school were learning English against 1.14 per cent, of the Hindus «t school. ;.

T u e sd a y , Bs d b BBRUAttYr

W e a r e g la d to note tliat the . Calcutta School of Art is (Jrawing pupils. The attendance for the lust five years has been as follows :

,1870. 1871. 1872. 1873, 1874.Numlier of students on

3lst March...V......... 48 72 76' 94 129O f the 129 students on the rolls on the 31st March last, 122 were'Hindus, two Muhammadans, four Christians, and one llitdhist, and nearly all belonged to the middle classes, 119, bein,g returned under tlmt head; only one belonging to the higher classes and nine to the lower classes. '

I n m o v in g the passing of.'the Distress Bill Mr. Hobhouse made the following remarks :

There seemed to be no such thing .ns a distraint for rent'in Madras, and the Government of Madras thought, and a great many excellent lawyers thought, that the whole system,of distresses for rent was a mistake, and that it vV<uild be far better to abolish tlie system a'together. MR. HOBHOUSE was not prepared to do that. The system.prevailed largely in Calcutta, and ajso existed in Bomba.v; and he thmight the Council irnght riot to interfere with it. That it did not pre­vail in Madraswas a subject of congratulation; but he was not prepared to bring the law in Calcutta aud (lonibay. into conformity with the ^actioe in Madr,as.So far so good, but will Mr. Hobhon.se take no steps to enalile the landlords in Calcutta to realize rents speedily 1 At present they are-entirely ,at the mercy of their, tenants.

W it h r e f e r e n c e to , the discussion in Selept Committee on the,Law-Reporting Bill Mr. Hobhouse- said ; “ there has been an amount of controvei-syraised in the papers .sent into the Select Coratnlttees akin to the, controversy raised at this (able’* Again : “ at the same time I dways [eel that in this assembly we discuss matters under gi^at disadvan­tages, and that on many subjects the eommhnkatio. s made to Select Committees have more' of "the essen­tials of a public discussiop than anytlnng which takes place at this table daring the two 'first stages ,of a Bill.” In other words the fittings of the Select Committee are as important as the, public sittings of, the Council. W iiy should nbt, then the Select Committees be thrown open to the public 1

W e a r e exceedingly sorry to learn that Sir Juiig Baliadur met with a sad accident by a fall from his horse. W e ' lioj>e he will speedily recover,and will be able to carry out his intontion ojf visiting England. The good citizens of Nassiok i presented ,an address to Sir Jung, who replied as folio ws’ ;

“ III replying to the address.he said hewas thaqkfnil to them js ail for the hearty interest whicli they Had taken in his, their distant ceuntryman's welfare. His object in goin^ to Eng­land was 40 express his sense of gratitude to Her Britamq 'Majesty'for the distinotions she had eonfefred on him.He wanted to se» the miiiislers and the members of Parlia­ment. As the representative of Her Majesty’ s ajly, the sbvereign of Nepaul, he deemed it his duty to bring to her notice every defect and shortcoming iyi the admii^btratiori of this rich dependency of her Empife. which by their, difference of race, religion , and habits, it; was riot possible for the most experieneed-of her deputies arid employes to know. He also expressed his intention to visit some of tlie Cbutinentnl oonritri'esif he conveniently could.”T’his interchange o f Ideriq and opinions . "wcfuld be highly advantageous. I f leading irie.n ofindiaw ould g o to England and tell the, governing classes, the. real grievances o f the people o f this country, they, will do great good. ,

T he fo l lo w in g R e so lu tio n , which \re copy from • Native Opinion, was passed by the Bombay Branch o f the East Indian Association regarding the late Mr. Pritchard : . . ,

“ The' Committee of tlie Bombay Branch of the East India < Association desire to record their* great regret becarise of the unexpected decease of Mr. I. Pritehard of Agra, for some years past a member of the parent Association’s Council, The long coutinaed and effective Herviee of Mr. Pritchard to the Association cannot be'mentioned beM, bttt many numbers of the Journal 'abundantly testify 'to hfs earnest and disinterested efitorts on behalf of liidia. His last public appeararice on behalf of the Association being his, address to the members of this Bi'anch ori. hiS' return from ‘ 'England, this Committee feel constraiiied-to place bn record this resolution to show their regard for Mr.- Pritchard's perso­nal and public characters as that of one who in striving to promote the mutual good of England and,India on the .basis of a just and generous poJioy towards .'.the latter cbnntry, has set an C.xample whicli the Cotrimittee hope to see foBowod by an increasing number of Anglo-Indians.”

I t 13 stated that the Barod-a Jnqniiy Coinaiissi'oh consists o f Sir Ricliard Coiieh,: Sir Richard Meade, Sir Dinkiir Rao, Maharajah.otJeypore, and 'Mr.' Pi'i S. Melvill, Co'iamissibn^F M Jullunder. ,; The' Sciiidia, : it is added, accepted a seat oh the Commission, but his approaching marriage prey^ted his acting. As we expected the Uolkar liaS'de^ined.

W e have iiECisivftD the foflcwrng letter from, a • correspondent at Bankipore : ' ■

“ The project of constrnoting alight railway on the Patna and Gya'Branch Road has been on the tnpis these two years, and ere this it would hare been a faU, aevmpli and the rails laid but for the. inistakeu policy of Mr. Palmer, the Magistrate of Gya, wiiich led him to deny the existence' of fiimine in his district. It would have virtually killed two birds in the. same stone as it would have procured relief to the distressed poor, and removed the long-felt grievniices of .a journey from Bankipore to Qyii. At last, however, the construction o f the intended irailWay, -bids fair to be' aecorii- plishi'd. Above a montb ago. His Honor the Lieutennpt Governor in-a miimte called upon our Couimissioner, Mr. Bayley, to report on tlie project, and he has written in very strong • terms in favor pi'it. Government will contribute £35 (thirty five) per jiiile leaving on the two Road Cess Com­mittees «f Patna and Gya to make up the deficit. The Fatnn ’ Committee are willing to p ly, as their quota, Rs. 20,900 yut of their income of a lac and A quarter, while the Gya Comgjjt-' tee agree I o bear What proportion of the expense His H onor* may nssign.to them. 1 here quote the following from the Commissioner’s letter to Government. “ I need not say any thing with regard to the necessity of a branch railway from Bankipore to . Gya. In a financial point o f view also I have no doubts that it will pay its expenses, but in the long run, prove a remunerative work. The road (s one of tiie most crowded thoronghfires in the prbvince ; and whether we consider the large e.xponditure which its repairs' now entail on Government, the miserable ■way in whicli, with all our efforts, to keep it in order, ir. met the pressure of ■ traffic cdnseqnenjt on the recent scarcity, the large traffic which a light railway may be expeetSd to develope, -and'the , seouiity and comfort'of ' tlie thousands of pilgrims* who traverse it, the construction of the proposed railway is. a matter of great eooqoriiic iiririortauce to Governh^t. On the other hand, though the i'oad in its. present cqpdition thns, ' inadeqiiateiy meets tlie reqiiiten;ieri|s of Govenrmerit 'and the public, it affords particulajp facilities for its proposed couversioii into a light railway. Its general directipHj its height above the flood level of .tlieicorintry,.and-the numbbr and strength of its bridges an.iL qrilf&uts nil point to its adaptability to this purpose. .I f therefoi'.e the work is luideriaken there will be considevabls sriviag in the preli­minary time, of trouble and ri'xp nses; -while the income from passengerjand other trafflo, I feel persuaded, in time will ' cover all expenses,. and. the road, will soon cease to b ca - burden on, Gqverpipent and the,. IcmP committees;!’ . ThiSj indeed is very goodj and we indulge in the hope that the Lieutenant Governor. wilT give his best coqsidvrntiou to the . matter. It is needless to add that Government will conifer an inestimable, boon on this part of ^hsrionntry by con­structing the proposed bi'anch railway. ,, A Durbar will be held on Monday the Ist^roxim o, and-tfiio Coramfssionei's ; will present killats to Moheprit Sirig, niid two othergontismea of Dunlihanga, ^ * 'e investiture will take plaos

m T II E II I N D O 0 P A T R 1 O T . {F ebruart 8, 1875.

Ill tlie 0 iiH iiissioiier’s otfipe at 3 P. M. tor ipliioli a lai'ge canopy has beuii Uiuig ill the compQiiml. ,

W ednesday, 3rd F ebruary.W « have recbived a statement o f donations and

snbsci’iptioiis receives! by tlie Yoii.ig Men’s Liter.iry Oliib at Alialiab.ul with which is incorporated' the Sanscrit Association. W e a-e glad to observe that .about Ks. I,2i)0 have been reoeiYed as donatioiis.

T he STATisTiCAt, D epartment created by Lord Mayo threatens to be very expensive. The following notilication, whicli appears in this morning’s Oal- ^uU'a Gazette, explains wliat w« niean :

Subject to the approval of Her Majesty’s Secretary of State, and for aperio l of depat ition not exceeding tiftecu mouths. His Honor tho Lientenant-Govehior has been pleased to appoint the folloiring Civil Servants to be Assistants to the Oircctor-Gchemi of Statistics in the. Beugal branch of his

* work.'— ' <- % if’harlos James 0 ’ Donnell, M. A.

Herman Michael Kisch.• „ Herbert Hope Bisley.

Andrew Wallace MneJeie.David Bird Allen.

levO-ipuned geutlcmen will hoblilMVnsclres subject to fers of the Direetoi'Hencral of Statistics t6 the Ooveni- Itiidia from such dates as they may be . relieved from wept duties. '

p|! ordinary clerks Iiavo done the w ort which viliatis Irave been appointed to jwrform ? Is a dijject cncruadhineiit upon tlie poor, Unco- 1 8ervicei'NiiABrT\NT.s o f Lahore have come forward t against the firoposed ' House-tax. la a the.President of-the Municipal Committee

State: ^“ We protest iig-tinst the proposed tax iti terms of tho

Re.4oliitinns :p’isse<l at. a pnblio meeting convened at the “ K ij erts. Institatb” on the 3otb January 1875, on the follow- >11" grounds;— .

Isl. That tite necessity for further taxation is not shown. 3ml. That, even, if necess ty ,existed, the form of the

Tisnnnsed tax is unfair, as falling upon a' particular section of the community only.

3rd That if nece*sity for fuftlier taxation exists the propos­ed tax is ci>'> high, and capable of coiisiderahle retliictioti if hot coutiiieifeto a particular section of the community.”W e J»o|ie this protest wijl not go for nott\ing. Strange t)iut tlie petitioners hare not questioned the legal comiietency o f the Committee to impose a new tax w-ithout the sanction o f the tiCgiMaturO.

'1'kh J ournal o f the Society o f Arts famishes som ‘ interesting particulara on the. snbjMt o f the Iiaiut.4<wui manufacture o f Ih d ia :

** It is stated that the supply to the people of India in cot- tpu i» now in aliont this proporti’An—SS5,OOU,O0Olbs. sre sup. pHud by this country, 3IO,000,Q001bs. are the proiluoe of

/ native hand manufacture, and 40,000,000Ibs. are the piwlnce ottlieir manufactories by steam power. In 18S9 India had Init two mills for insnufactiiringoottoii gootls; but since that time the number has increased, and .there arc now mills in India contniiiing 49U,00<Upin(ile8; while other mills which will c-mtiiin 240,000 spindles are being erected; and there are companies formed to supply a further increase of 280,000 apiiiitles: so that, although to this point the development of tiic factory system in India has been comparatively slow there are evidences oi a very great and rapid extension, such as indicate the cre.atioii of a great national industry. Tho mills erecting and pr.ijected in Iiidi i wifi donblit the present Ilia infactiiring power of lAdia. and when these mills are all completed' the mills of India 'will supply Su.OOOOOOIbs. iiiste.ail of 40,000,0001 bs. ns nt^resettt, which will equal about uue-third of the goods now sent to India from Europe.”

pOBbr.yo to the / ’tOHccr a draft Code o f Rules for giving eflPbCt to the law which is to o|)en certain Appnmtptents now held by Covenanted Civilians, to Ha||ves o f distiiiguisheil merit and ability forms <feo^|l)jeot of a des|iateh, wliich was forwarded to ■ the S^retary o f State by the lust mail. W e wish , the Utiles had been. published here for discussion Lefoteilbrimsniission to the India Office.^’ B fIAllahabad .loultNAL has an eye upon Rowa.

jtviug a harrowing picture o f inisgovornraent . in State our contemporary says :

*'iAtidiairthis.in a State surroundtal An three sides by .territory, within a stone’s throw of the capital of a ivince,/ AUahab; I ; mid under the very nose of a

BoliHoal Avent One of the besr. of his admirable olass, who can only look on with his hands tieil hopeless of reformation from within. lAfe have uo quarrel with its Chief, He is a aplendiil savage, a good sportsman, and in his way a good fellow-:-with a subtle appreciation ot the linmour of being fraind but in a lie, which is almost irresistible. But tills is oiuy a personal proililection. The Chief is gsid to long, at times, for a divorce from tho cares of State, that he may siieud hi !peace the year or tiirb morn of life which is all his astrolpaefs promise him. Co when and where he may. it never will bq^Mtd more truly o f any man than of him, that ” he left hU country for his country’ s good.”Auifexirtibnl I t i s this unholy cry raised by the Atiglo-iudian'Brass which does more mischief than all tlte'.violeiit words of the Native Press put together.

TriWEtDAY, 4th FEBItUAglY.

I t 13 stated that Hjs Excellency the- Viceroy has rilled that, lyhe^t^rany communication, either ver­bally or In writing"; is made to i^ativn ruler by an offi­cial aaCiiig-uitit^t instructions, ^ o p y o f the communi­

cation so made liall be forwarded at once for the consideration of the Governor Gen rial in Council.” Tliik is as it should be. Hut we fear much of the irritation of which the native princes complain coiiu-s from the word of mouth.

A ccording to Indian Public Opinion Ayub'Rhan has invit 'd to Herat all seivants and friends of Dost Mahomed Khan, late Ameer of Cabul, who drew pensions from tlie State, and which have been sto|»- ped by Shere Ali, jn'oraising to renew them. Three thousand sowars and some regiments have been sent by Aynl) Khan to Furrah, and Sufdar Ali Kh.'Ui, Hakim of Candahar, has also arrived with a large force at Kish Nakub. It is added that besides tlie said 3,000 sowars, 10,000 foot and 3,000 caValry have I'ecently come- in to Aynb Kban, and have sworn by the Koran that they will figlit till Yacoob Khan is released.

'I'liERE was a rumour in London^ when the last mail left that Mr. Delane is about to retii'e from the Chief Eilftorship of the Times, and that., while rotain- ing the nominal Editorship of tho paper he will be succeeded in the more laborious jjart of his-duty by i\Ir. L. B. Courtney, wbo has b ^ n for some yeara the chief leader writer on the Times, and is at present Professor of Political Elconoiny at Universi­ty College, London. Mr. Courtney was second wrangler at Cambridge ; and still is a Fellow of St. John’s College in that University ; and he narrowly missed— :by only five votes— being elected M. P. for Liskeard at the last general ejfecflon.

Ir. IS stateu that Elizer Benjamin, Cattle In­spector in tlie Commissiriat Department nt Ahraed- imggiir, having been found guilty of .driminal breaih of trust as a public servant and sentenced to rigor­ous imprisonment for two years, has. \>eea dismissed from his situation, and is disquidified for re-employ­ment in the service ot Governmeui; in any capacity whatever.

A nothwi kuinsnt English lawyer, says our Lahore contemporaiy, has pa-<i<e<t away from us at the ripe old age of 94. The son of a Weatmihister tradesman, t>om iy 1781, and at first a conveyancer, Imixl St. Leonaras, whose uanle appears in the Obituary in one of Reuter’s latest talegraros, succeeded in gaining the higlieat prise of bis profession by sheer iiulustty and ability. Ha was uuiTersally acknowledged to lie one of the soundest real property lawyers in England, and his whole life may be said to have been spent in endeavouring, both by liis writings and his legislative rcfornis in the House of Lords, to render the Law ot Fitoperty iix England more intidlL- gible and free from those anomalies which it inherited from feudal times. Ris life ought to be an example to the membera of otu' bar.

T he C abul Correspondent of the above journal re­ports a rumour in Afglianstan to the effect that. Kban Aka, father-in-law to Yakub Khan, recently nmroh- ed with 12,000 'rurkomans on the forces of the Amir that were lying, at Giriskh, and taking them by surprise utterly defeated them. Hundreds ure reported to have l>eeii killed, including one General. A part of the Amir’s I'oroe, wc are also told, salntoil K'nan Aka and joined him, while the remainder ran away in wild confnmn towards Candahar.

F riday, 5th F ebruary.

Canos K ingslsi? ,ia dead. In him the Church of England loses an cinianient. He was formerly known as the “ Chartist Piirson,” and Tennyson called him “ Soldier Priest,”

T he S aturday R sview has beefi literally killing a bntteiffiy upon the wheel. The Reviewer has got hold of a copy of the Memoir of Justice Onoocool ChunderMookerjea and makes it a peg to hang thereon a tirade against UDiversity education. He says :

‘ Babn-Eiiglisli, la iilmr«t entirely the creation o( the Cal- oatta University, which was rmimleil with tlie view of teiicliiiig the iiiitiveg of India the acieiices mill arts of the West through the medium of the English laiigiMve’

‘ The general result is tlmt the Iniigunge. as spoken or written hr these promising young Bubiis, is n strange jargon, alternnti^ between the st.rle of an ovangeliciil psrsoii and that of n cheap jack at a fsir’It is most unfair to hold up the Memoir as a speci­men of the I'esults of University education in India. The Biographer of Justice Onoocool Ch under Mooker- jea is not a graduate of the Calcutht University.

T his is the age of parties and reunions. W e had within the last ten days no less than four social gatherings of this description in addition to Govern­ment House and llelvedere parties. Tlie first was the Lord Bishop’s, the secotid Monlvi Abdul Lutiefs, the third Raja .lotendromohun ’I'agore’s, and the fourth Babu Keshubchunder Sen’s. A ll of them were very interesting, and our distinguished visitor, Mr. Grant Duff, was- present at the last three. All these gentlemen deserve thanks for thus bringing the West and the Etst into familiar contact.

T he M aUomEdan gentleman of Dacca presented Mr. F. ii. Cockerell, Cominisaioner, an address conveying their thanks to him for his exertions in founding the new Madrassa there. Mr. Cockerell returned a suitable reply.

C o-operative Societies continue to fionrish in the United Kingdom. It appears from, .a Pai'liaraen- tary return just i-sned tlmt nt the end of 1873 there were in Eiiglaixl and Wales 790 indnctrial Mid pro­vident (oo-oiiei-ative) socities, with 340, 930 menibere, a slmre capital oi 3,334,1041, and a loan capital of 431,8081. Their net profits during the year . Amounted to 958,721/., the dividends declared* due to membera to 861,964/., and the dividends allowed to con-members to 18,555/. In Scotland tliei'e were 188 societies, with 46,371 members, a sbai'e capital of 235,858/, and a loan capital of 64,932/. Tlw-net ]ii-ofits were 150,^302/. ; the dividends to n1(1ll1 | , 132,643/.; and to non-members,-3,147/ In Irelaai,five societies made returna,| witT 464 membera, a share capital of 1,445/. and. a loan c»)iitiil of 90/, . The dis|K>table net {irofits were 863/.

O ur readers are already . aware of fhe facts cl | Mr. Ayerst’s case of Bombay, which we noticed’aome time baiok. The poor Sejmy, who under grave provo-

‘eatiou, pushed his Civilian master, was sentenced by .the Mi^istrate to one month’s rigorous imprisonment and tlie Sessions Court confirmed it. The High Court has glassed the following jiu lgm ^t in the case, for which we are indebted to the I n ^ Prokash ;

‘ oonsiiler that Justice has not been done in tins case. Ttisripsr friim Air Ayi-rit's own depositiun iIihI tbs hurt compitinsd of w»s occasionsil by his own nssault; aqd it is ovrtninly new lo ns that selling and pushingn'pi-rson, coupled with the epplicatiiin of nbnsive epithets such »s ’ Suiir” and another term probably less decent, if less otTsMsivV, are jiot suffloietit to juatily tlmt person striking his assailant. Tlie 1st Class Magistrate entirsly ignores the fact that tlie oomplaiii*.Hut seized mid paslii-d toe ncrused and the Judge berore whom the appeal finiilly came, lays down the strange doctrine that the mere pushing iippellnnt onto! the room was no eriminsi Force. We consiiter it is putenton the face of the proceed* lugs that the hurt to the complainant wae dotin in the exercise of the right oI private defence, the striking being necessary for his defence We, therefore, reverse the ennviotion and - sentence directing the due to be restored. We do not with to say mure than is absolatelj necessary on this painful matter but we cannot refrain I'roni observing that it would (lave been more disoreet and 111 better taste bad Hr .Agerat been con* tent to bear in rilenoe the uidignity bis own in excusable con- dnot brought upon'him. 'We leiii-n that the (icon, has heya '. dismissed from the Qoveriiment Service. 'We snggest thyt the Judge on a perusal cif fliese proceedings sliould eo a ^ it whether he should not be reinstated.Suppose tills case bad been tried under the summary triiil clauses of the Criminal Procedure Code, and there would have been no appeal to the High Court! .

Saturd ,iy , 6th Februart. eW e have mucli pleasure in publishing the follow­

ing letters regarding the Officiating Judge of Ban- coora :

Sir,—Your notice, in tho PtUriot ot a certain autheoti- J catrd oommnniration complaining of the al'eged short- comings of tho present Officiating Jndge of tliis station, has created 'quite an indigiiniit sensation against the evil-dis- i po.«ed (leraoii or persons who have forwarded (probably, '

, putting f;ilse names in it) ret tain petitions to Oovarmnetit aii'i the High Cnmt. F om a long residrnce in this district I have acquired this knowledge that nothing is so rommon liere as Beimmi applications and letters (in the garb of au'henticnted and genuine productions) to which false sigiiatiiivs are attached. 1 believe therefore that the com- niunicutioii to ymir addrrsa and the petitions likewise are of the nature described alsive. As the publiratioii of the paragraph in the Inst issue of the Patriot naturally wilt affect the feelings of so gno<l a Jndge as Mr. Tweedie, I consider it ,lmt just to request that yon will kindly state that the public here have a high respect for his abilities, judgment and ncholsrship. I may also mention that in respect of largo-henrtediigss, nrul sympathy with the na­tives of Bengal I have scarcely seen another Bnglisli gen­tleman of his stamp. A n Inhabitant,

Bankoora,Sir,— In your issue of the 1st instant wo have perused

with extreme regret a para, alluding te the ehortromings of the present officiating Judge of Bankoora, as romplatgeil against by some unknown individual pretending to be one of tills district, in a representation to the High (Jonrt, as well as to the Government of Bengal. I'hia lias caused oiir feelings a very acute pain, and we feel it oiir duty with­out loss of time to step forward and contradict nnytliiug that might have Iwen inalioioiisly said against she OiKviat- ing Judge- It is we who liave the greatest opportunities of ascertaining the merits and demerits of a Jncigo, and we emphatically assert that the alleged antiieiitioatml petition must have emanated trom some designing evil-doers. We lire not only indignant at the anthnra of eucli a mischievous rejiresentatiou but ivill. be heartily glad to have them traced out and coiidignly punished for sueh gronndless attacks, Mr. 'Tweeilie’s abilitic.*, erudition, shicerity anil coiiscienti- ona diseliargo of his high aud bneroab dnlieS have, within so shot t a period aa a month of his stay in tliis district, given satisfaction to all parties, and we therefore trust you will be gnml enongli to give tliis - expression of feeling snd opinion of the bar as represeiitiiig the public at large a pro­minent place uud nil early ineertion in your valuable journal,

■We remain, Sir,Tour obmlieotly.

Qonrjeunker Chatterjee, L. L. Hridoyaath Cbattopadbya,Mabescbiinder Banerjee, B. L. Hurryhar Mookerjee, L. L.

Pleader,Khetteraath Chatterjee,

Koolod.npersad Mixikerjee, L. L. Darikanath Itai, PleiuleT. Harishaa^arDutta B.A, L. S,

C5155T I ■Digitized with financial assistance from the

on 07 August, 2017

National Archives of India

F e b r u a h y 187 5 .j T H E H I N D O O P A T R I O 1\. tl3

We feel a sort of relief in ' jinb'lfsliing the above. W e, have a liigh rA f)set fo r .M r .’Ihveetlie; he Iws always borne a high .cluracter for ability, industry, and nyrnpathy with 'the people, and we Are glad that our notice of tlie letter which we had yeoeiv ed but which we did not think it fw >per to publish has elicited siich wartii testimony in ids favor from the bar bf the Bancoora Court. ,

W b AiiEygladhto have an assurance that the ■ picture of the Bengali Babii o f the Period, which

we copied in a recent: issue from the BM.iga D ursana was nieaiit as a caricature. This assurance is the mtite gi-atifying to ns because-tlie Banga D ursaiia is edited by a gentleman, who is au ornament to our community, aiul we wonhi have been very sorry, indeed, if he had deliberately defifod his own nest.

' W e have received the first mnnberof the Onental Figaro, a sej-eo-comic ■ version of social, polltwal and literary topics. In the, opening, say” theeditor stati'S that it is founded <ui the models of the London Figarg, Hornet,, aie l Vanity Fair. Tlie success of the Indian Clig riva t wliich ,, the Figaro calls its “ brother-in-law,” lias doubtless led to

^liis literary venture. The,'first iiilmber is very fair. ‘W e »wisli our comic brother every success.'

T ub Saturday R eview has in sledge-hainmer style a criticism o f Sir George Oainpbell’s new e.ssay on pro|)erly in.-land published, in the Fortnightly Review. We regret we caunpt make room for the whole article, but will give a few,extracts ;

“ As mif-ht be expectftil from an acute iatelloetde.'iliiif' witli au unfamiliar subject, many of bis propoijals arc trite nud inanj- arc rash. Tbe i harge oi commiinistio or I'evolutioiiary

I. tendencies is justilied not so mucli by his conclusions as by his fundamental assumption, that the right of property is an open qin stion. Landowners have hitherto considered that their property was secured by title-heeds, insfc.ad of being dependeni either on theories of utility, or tin Sir G. Camp- hell’s conclesceuding admission that great landlords freqiient-

,ly ailmiiiistcr tlieir esiatcs for the public benefit, “ In early times ,Jaud was held w Britain, ns. in o h-r parts of Europe

• tuid Asia, on the old communal ■ s.vstem. . In early limes polytheism, slavery, aiicl many other practices prev.iilcd, which have since become ohsplctc. The irights of landowners depend on tnodern legislation »M.d i'wj. arid not on priiiueval cus.oms, which luay have been studieddiy arifiqiinrian jurists. l^Whvn Sir C. Campbell lias haij ihoyi time to study the qhestioii, ho will perhips satisfy Iviriisclf tlia't'irioderu Society hapris ghoit a r i^ t to milkcrjts o\vii faws. as if it \Vero st(II prinlitiveiy iiarlriirdus oi' iiiiidmpil^ f.*\ijfal. ,, Tfie iirbiiosnf of a speelfj,l;tax oulaud tq. reprgKch j Cxtipj Jeqdai,I .h,i)r.dens js

' utterly'oa()i'icioii3 arid';, unjusb,. Tlie..'}inrehasof''of- .'land did nothing im iioral or unlawful when he invented his savings in a kind of propt'rty wliicli until lately was held to be exception­ally set.nre. There is not ilie'smalli at reason why he slnmld pay a special tax from which he would have bsen exempt if he had preferred (Jousois or raiiiyay stock, to land. He bought his land cleaV of feudal hurdeiis as,of communal rights, and if t.ic Legislature tliiuksi.fit,to.alter, his tiiiure, it onglit to provide full compeiisaitriou. It is not worth wliile to follow

. all essayist who has spdut his life in renioto regions into the hackneyed qiiostida of c inipeusation for nnexhausted improvenieius. iSjr G. Campbell’s proposal of a speold tax lilt land is more novel, and it Reserves to be fully i xposcd.

• If siieb an impost were voted iu the next Session, it wimid have the elfo. t of a n'eiitoii and ixecptioiial cxiortioii front the actual.liold.-rs of laud.”But the Saturday R e v i e w e r the IniUaii G o Vent men tj when it iin.posed a “ special tax” upon the huulholJers af Ben^el in the shape ot the Road C iss.' The i^ewiewev does not seem to like the inis-

* cliievbns activity of 8ii-_;Geeige Campbell. .He say.s:“ The c tse ot Sir George Campbell shows how desirable

it would be<0 provide suitable pnldic iinpi ovement for the most eminent among retired ludiau Civ.l Servants. The Couiieil uif India iu Downing Street oft'ers-smalbr opportu­nities of disttnotiori and piibiro set vice, but aii.y employ- iiioii;, is bolt r.ithan idleness, with ie.s inevitable tempDitions. The rusty sword which, nte iati> itseit" tor look of something

.else, bew: and hack diil conip,.ratively little harm. The danger of .iuaetion is that the owner of the weapoii will, to prevent it from rustino, hew, and hack sonielbnig else, it is hard hbat the qualities wiiich are indispensable to Indiati

. Administratinu sliuuhl be misewp oyeil in jirojects for sub­verting the law nt property ill England. It is quite as uii- jiistltiiihle to uusettle vested rights f r Sir George Campbell’s j^urposes as in promotion of the c.oinmuuistio schemes which

, hp repudiates.”The' (Soirirday/feetewei''ih too selfish. He feels no qualms of coithcjencc at the mischievous activity ot Sir Geoj'ge Gampbell liy turning things topsy tiliyy in Bengal, hut he is anxious to stay the ruth­less hand in England. ‘ H e ought to I'Cinembcr tltat Sir George’s attacks o f English institutions resemble

- the biting of. the file by the serpent.

W i! i.iiAVB r RKCkiveo the prospectus o f a new pajie-to bft-publislied iu Behar, entitled the Behaf Herald. Light from Behar is tmicli needed.

W e aAVE to acknowledge with tlmiik's the receipt* o f the following'publicatiotls and periodicals:— 1.

Annual Returns of Inspector General o f . EducationCentral Provinces) lor 1 8 7 3 - 7 2 . Dynamite or

’Noljel’s Patent Safety Blasting Powder. 3 Mooker- jee ’s Magazine No. N X y i , Part I. for January 1875. 4; Forty-fourth Animal Report o f the Oriental Semi­nary 5. Collected works o f Sir William Jones. Nos 6, 7y 8, republisliod . by Mahendranath Gltose. 6.

Trade and Navieatioii Returns for October 1874, 7. Baroda affairs in Retrospect. By Martin Wood Bombay.' 8. Kuiimdini, a’ Bengali Magazine. ,

®|c Hilulop flUi'iot.M onday, F ebr u ar y 8 , 1875.

B E N G A L I N 1873-74.

O ne w o r d is suflS.cient to characterize the last Administration Report o f Bengal— it is normal. It is normal in size, matter, tone; and spirit. There is no flourish of rhetoric, no blowing of trumpet. It is, as it ought to be, a sober narration of facte, and not a pompous record of pretentious and re­volutionary opinions. The year 1873-74 was the last year of Sir George Campbell’s administration. On the 8th April 1874 Sir Richard Temple was installed as Lieutenant Governor o f Bengal. The first ■'year of Sir Richard’s ' administration was spent chiefly in organizing and superintending famine relief operations, “ It was impossible,” says Sir Richard, “ under the pressure; created by the famine, that the ordinary work of the ad ministration could have been so actively carried on as heretofore. The measures of reform in­augurated in previous years- have, however, not been forgotten, real progress has in many respects been made, though the signs that mark it are less conspicuous' and -numerous than they have sometimes been.” The report, though pro­fessedly that of 1873 -7 4 , brings the account to the close of last year, and thus we have an op­portunity of knowing the process which Sir Richard Temple has been able to make in in­terna! administration in the midst of the arduous and almost all-absorbing work connected with the Famine. , ,

Early ih ■ the 'year Aag ipa. was separated from Bengal. The districts of KRmroop, Durriihg, ,Now- gpng, Seebsaiigor, Luekimpqye,i -Gard Hills, Khasi and ,.-Hi.Usi-?N%ga Hills, Cachar, andGoalpara,' were taken under ’ the iinm'ediate ma­nagement of th e . Govemof^G^neral in Council, and formed into the Chief Commissioner- ship of Assam, o f - which Colonel Keatings was appointed Chief Comihi^ioner. In con­sequence of the formation o f. tile Assam adminis­tration, the Dacca Divisional Commissioner- ship lost two out of six districts viz., Cachar. and Sylhet. O f these, Cachar, however im­portant in other respects, was not considera­ble as. regards area and population ; but Sylhet was considerable. The districts which remained ivere Dacca, Mymensingh, Fureedpore, and Backergunge, all very considerable districts. The aggregate" o f their population amounted to 7|'million souls, and of their revenue to 48 lakhs bf rupees. O f themselves they constituted a suflScient area for the supervision of a Com­missioner, and so far there was no necessity for transferring another district to this Commission- ership in order to make up a charge of adequate size. But a.s the distriot o f Tipperah, now iji the Cliittagong Commissiotiership, lay near and con­venient to Dacca, and could he best managed from the centre,,Sir Ridhard Temple proposed to transfer Tipperah Ro- the . Dacca, Commissioner- ship. Accordingly the Lieutenant, Governor'has resolved to reduce the Commissidnership of Chit­tagong to the non-regulation standard. The newly constituted Commissioner would become Judge as well a s ; Commissioner, according to the analogy , of the noni-regulation system, thereby saving the cost of the' present Judgeship ; but as the'judicial work was very heavy, it was"neeessary that the Commissioner should have the aid of'an Assistant Judge. It was recommended that the Judgeship to be abolished should be a second class one (on Rs. 2,000), and the saving would he the difference between Rs. 1200 and Rs. 2,000 or Rs. 800. The Lieutenant Governor ■ qlso recom­mended the abolition of the Cooch Behar Gom- missionership, the removal of the-head-quarters of t'heRajshahye Commissioner from Moorshedahad to Dinagepore, and the transfer of Moorshedafiad to the Presidency Commissioner. These changes are still under the consideration of the. Government of India. The Lieutenant Governor also suggest­ed the reduction of the nuniher of District Judges

from 30 to 28. The financial result of these chauge.s • would be.Rs. 40j987 per annum. Part of the saving would be applied to a division of the unwieldy district of Tirhoot into , two Sections. That great district, with a population of 4,350,000 persons, was quite beyond the power of any one Collector for effective management and supervi­sion. It was about double the average size in difficulty and importance of an ordinary district in Bengal. W e are glad that this measure has been carried out pending the sanction of the ' Secretary of State. •'

W e were not aware until now that Sir George Campbell had proposed to' raise .the salaries of the Bengal Civilians. A resume o f his arguments and remarks is given in the eh^tei' on Changes in Administration : '

“ The Inte Lien£enant-Gov< rnor, before lie made ov^r of hie office, left, on ih it the more he hiid seon cf theeffect oI these iipran^ements,'tho iiri<o*e he lu»d t^come oon- viticed of tiieir benefit. At the stmeUme, lie represented to the Government of India that the fact was now more promi­nently broujfht to not’oe th it district officers both M’agislmte’* Collectors and Judges, were paid less in If^ngal tlnin in ony other part of India; Taking, for easy compai-ison, U19 North Western Provinces, it would.be seen tliat all Judg«h.'iiHd jili ^ Magist rate-Oolleciors there reoeived ex iotly the s.'une' salary as tlie first class offi< ers in each grade in Bengal received. Half the Judges, and inoretlian half, the Magistrate-Collectors in Bengal, received a lower salary.. On the ether hand, it. oonld not be said that in any respect Bengal districts were inferior.On the contrary, <lie thirty*six Magistrate-*CtJlectors in Lower Bongal mlministpred a ierritor\ fuljy twice os large and twice as populous, and quite as important, as yiat adininistered by tho tvvenrv-seven -Magistrate-Collectors of the North- Weste'rii Provinces. Each .charge on the average was nuicU greater, but the avnrage pay was less Already; idso, o>ig account of climate, iniiCJ preference was shown ta the Nerth- Western Provinces, audit seemed haril and inexpvdien-t that the ditference between 1 he provinces slionld aggravated by lower pay. It was poinied out that if there was geiieruHy slightly b^tter promonoii in Bengal (temporary blocks apart), the reason was that the climate of the tlistricts in the iowc r Provinces was more trying and that raeit were expended quickes. B-wigal Civilians certainly; had ntt a largesjiaro of tho Goyernment of ImTi * and other ay^intments. late years the fact had b«'on just the contrary. Rir George Camp- heir therefore strongly Ur^cd upon tlie attention of the Vioeroy the ebdm of the Bengal officers to such .an addition of pay as would at least pnt them, in that respect, on an equal fooling with the officers of other provinces, ,> ' ,

In the same Tetter, in con ne '.tion with .the pay of the Service ' affected by considerations of einnnte, Sir George^Campbell also represented tfiah it vvii-s' a hardship that while so large a proportion of the Bengal Servants were condemqodtovery inert and r^laxingi aud agood many ot tlmm to unhealthy cTinutes, tli(> <lry uud healthy. Bonregotatiou piovinces under this Government, • winch \^uld li.ive been so bentdicial as a ■ set-off had previons. y: boen- Alum monopolised by military men, Sir George. Campb'di Uad. .recognised the .claim of Civil is ance to a f dr share ,ol'5 these nppointmeuts, surrendering - wi h that view much r'dii^ble patronage which he, wight have exi rcisf d, and most of tho large (listvicts were now lield by Civilians. Ic was pointed out tliattln non-regulation districts of Btfiignl were quiet and'settled, and thei'e was no oc(*Asion for any peculiar military civilian :element; and Sir Gfeorge Oamp- .• b dl aeoonliiigly recommended that no further appointments of rnilitary men miglifc b'V made to ih *9e di«tddts, and that for the future the n'»ii*r» gulatioti divis'o.is and distfiots, might Iw officered by Civiliims. , .

In rliis representation ;to th Government of India, a r.'fur- once wa ag iin m nio to th* harddiip imposad on Mug sr-rato-- Collectors bv file rule which prohibited travelling allowanciv to Civil S-M vants drawing Safary of Us. a year oc i^ore.Under tills rn’e, Alagi-stVates of the fir.st cbiss were e.xelu lf'd from *he benefits <>f travelling allowances when proceeding to thr interior of their districts, and a heavy cliarge, was tlins ■ itnp.isHd upon tliein in the perfcr'iiapce of tlut particnhii* duty on which successful admini trahion to a large extent depends.Sir George Campbell th mglit that the cost incurred by Mngifi- tra«iB-0ol lectors'of the first grade moving about tliefr distrift-i slionld be.charged to the Srafe, griint for tr ivelling atloM’anc » in all cases without rP8*:riotioM,arul the proposal was STtiinirU'd for the favourable cousideratio i ef K.xcetl ncy in Coa icil^

S q the cat is out of the bag. 'While Sir George Campbell sought to lower the pay of native exe- , cutive officers of Government by instituting theso< called Native, Civil Service he proposed to in-, crease, the salaries o f the' already h ig h ly pstid” civilians. 'One would think that the time had almost come for breaking dotvn the old barrier be­tween the covenanted and uncovenanted branches of the service, that at any rate the progress of

'education among the'native population placed' within the reach of Government cheap means for recruting the higher ranks of the service, but instead of taking this obvious advantage Sir George proposed to burden the revenues more and moi;e by raising the. pay of the .covenanted Civilians. H e vraTited to pour more oil upon the already oiled heads. Andyet^how placidly he . talksin ' England of raising the status of ■ the .natives I

The sub-divisional system was first inaugurated by Sir John Peter Grant. It extended by his successors, and Sir Richard Toifiple we are glad to observe contemplates further 'extension.In the- Patna division a spb-divisioii has been proposed at Gopalgunge -the district of Sarun, and its establishment is only awaiting the sanction of the Government of India. I n ‘ the Rajshaye division two ;Sub-divisions are now con­templated in the Dinagepor-e district viz., at Tha- koqrgaon and at Putneetollah. One sub-diyision is contemplated in the Rajshaye district at Nooroo-

6 4 T H E H I N D O O P A T R I O T , , [F e b r u a r y 8 , 1875.

'labad. W ith regard to illegal cesses the reader is aware that the thunders of Sir George.' '■Gamp- bell hare proved harmless. On this subject it is edifying to read the following :

‘ ‘.The iaqtiirfes wliicli tvepe la t j’ear sefc on foot ns to how far the oi*(ioi’3 i3 rt0;l fop the cess.ntioii of uuauthQi ised cesses h ul been carried ohC in ail G.)7ei*nment estates have shown tluit tliese cesses nre leyied n )wliero but in Poorej ;in.l Noikholly, yiiere ttjero rs ove'*y. prospecr, of thnir being irnrrfediatHly dls-

oonfcinaej» ^ ul'in AlaM th an I the 24 Tergnnnalts, where their levy is noir. u aiibject (){'0 )m))l.»in . bun the cess >s are ajiid td be

. paid voiimtarily in accord moe vvich an est ablished <wistom . and the Liontea int avrtruor h i5» noh» under the circKnistances, th')'i,ghD it, n*fa*sMry to ta'vjun/ special measure/l to prevent their being pahl.” .. .'ff- ' .. W h y should thou tide poor zemindars have

■ beau pla^uod for taking cosses which were paid yolunta-ily ? Sir Richard Temple makes the

, . following sensible remarks on the Rent question :“ Tl») mitto'S in,di ')ut» b itw^e \ zemtn 1 and ryot3,w)iich

' nnfcn tmiate'y aswiin hI s ) grj.it a pramlnenoe in the general afdministration of the pist- yeir, have- bsco ne less noticeilde

under tho.sifft io'V of biw lirg-r question that hive ongro»se 1 Mtiotiof G-ivcmnnnt. Thi igs ire still nn«ettled» but V'bej I sing il irl y lit tl > of a git itio i an I complaint in ive press fin I eU nvherA. [t is no'i nnlikely that a

J iRy c ises have after all bjcn, or mny bj, privately gmi.sed. The public pe.ice his not^again been glaringly pd. T-lie'scene of the styiiggli has been trejisferreu Sivil Oourts and soma of tlu pjints in dispute are gr.i 'b»dng settled by lending and final. decisions of blie -bv-hft P ibn I tli it.rict avirir untnlier ofci-^es

an iiHiit ue I in tiie M >o i.sift's 0 mrbs, but therei hive i(t) othji* outiv n\l ui.n.Td.uihi.ijis of ilNwili betw.,*en the

Tile ryo.'s, it is s:iid, hivi Ibinl the regisT ition of i and toiiu»*o8Min ler ti ud^Ce.ss Act a very gre »t pro-

l4;invl h IV. wU ui )st ul AM/s jWcured tlietiis dvos with a copy Ir zemiudir’a'return ns soon as it is ftle<l, nnd refaae to kything wlntever beyond the re ichI therein entered* pt has ill coas iqtience be tome very papuiar among the

Jibing olnsses. It is iti the disbriots of tue D icc i Division iudicahious ' of tho unsntfsfictorv rel.itions betwoon

landlordsTmd b^uiints have mmly nuuifested the nsilves in the cpiestion “ f rout

The tr.insfer-of rent silts to the Civil C mrU Im**, throughout 'the gr.»a er portioir of the lower Pr ivinjes, witlidrawu this important ol i.’ e of cises frpm the ilirect snp‘rvision of the Keveyue . antliorltfe.s. The Lienten tut Govornor hu been aorrv to fiud tlnit there ik mncli ditf rence oCopinion botb nmuiig oar officers und the pe»p)i ns t > whether tliis transfer is proving satHsfic ory in iUelfocls Noticr.s of * onhme mient nnd relinquishment nro still served tlirongU the district Colljc- toi'y'and the im .ibsr bf these affords some in lex o f the state pf

. the relations b etween lunliords u >d tena its. Tiie Comtnis* '“sioneruf D.icca has remarked that in tha^e districts of his

divieion in which rents are higli.s^ notices of oiiha.icement havtfbeeff most numerous, nri.l luvnbi ributei ibis to the fact

' that the ryoiS of tlu)80 disbi L'ts ai'e more inclined than otiiers to resist the pay.nenr. of irrogul ir c 's.s.es, ami th »t cons*^que;it- ly IsN(|luirdd are driven to r.iise their renti* But the fncis appear tp'ndmit of n sitnpl m* explan.iti ni. WliOre rents nrj low,it is probable that there is mnjli un >cca;>i nl Inhi a.<d Inndlord ate remly to bid doW i to tin term-* wliioh the ryot^ will ncoepb but in a tlilokly pop ilat di*trU:ts the ooiupelitioti for land is keen and the ryot is forced to bid up to the terms

- which the landlord in ly demmJ. T.n Lie iionant Governor ^.beli'ves that the zemindars in Diteun Bengal have some * justifioAtinn in dominding a moderntn slriPO in the growing

increment in the profit.s of cultiv i .ioii It is ur bo hoped.that the ryots will re.ncmib p the r i isa.iable rig;hr. of tho lnmtj»ird and that Mie landlords will be scnip iloiisly iirodorat» in their-deni inds and that 80 nny .nppri>ach to an agrarian dispute m ly be a/ui bnl iii.isimich lu .rite springing up of snc‘h dispiitofl is great'y to be d»-pl Pod as being sure to. can*e mi'scliid' to both parties o.mcerned.

(>J tho f'ivi^iolls in wldoli rent sails are stll! triad by the District OHimm s, there w.is an incr'ase in the iium »er of Ciisee in Oriss i and Chot i N igpore, b it not of a imtureor oxtenr, to call for sp ciul remark. Tliioujflioir'the connrry generHlly. t!ie pressure uf the severe hu d whitih so m iny district' laws and Tgone h i.-i p istp mod the adjust me it of the rent qnestioii, an 1 when tiie rn-ift-rs i>i dispute agdn come umlei* ydisen^ion ’ Hie, Lie(if6>mi)t«rT ivorn >r hopos nnd belivos t.liat t le forbj.ir.inoj whicli landlords in general h ive shown during the l.ite period of diificulty will not be forgl tren, and that both pirties wilj appro icii the subject 'wkb mutual feelings .of kindliness and modomtion.”

The policy of Sir Richard Temple, so far as it has yet been developed, seems to be to throw oil over troubled waters. The mind of the people was wrought up to a high state of excitement by the ir-

j'itaU jig measure,? and remarks of Sir George Cam p- Bbll.butthe attitude which his successor has assum­ed will go a great way to tone-it down. After the turmoil produefed by the changes and innovations introduced by Sir George the country w aits rest — rest for the sake of Go vernment as well as for that of tho people. For the sake of Government hecause whatever is practical and valuable in the

: measures of Sir George Campbell ought to be allowed to take effect without further interference,

•and for,the sake of the people because they have been dragged too fast, and ought to be allowed time to take breath. W e do not mean that the country should standstill— need we say that it can­not stand still. In action is opposed to the genuis of British rule. A t the sametime it should be re­membered that the I'eal work for an Administrator of Bengal is one of consolidation and conservation rather than innovation. Bengal has passed the patri-

. archal epoch. The experiments inpractical admini­stration, which may do well in a province, where the people are in a state o f semi-barbarism, will not do in Bengal, where there is a varied population, advanced in intelligence and civilization, 'capable of understanding the rights which the law has

- conferred upon them,;und with means to assert and. uphold those rights. Some seem to think

that Sir Richard has not yet put forth new ideas but it was the new ideas of Sir George Campbell, communal and revolutionary, as the Saturday Beview calls them, which turned Bengal topsy turyy. May Heaven save us from the tyranny of such new ideas'

N E W -A P P E L L A T E B E N C H E S .

S ir R ichard Temple has made the following suggestions to the Government o f India for the improvement of the District Appellate Courts by way of solution of the difficulties raised by the Civil Appeals B i l l ;

After th )<4)69b ootisideraMoa that he ha be^a able to ^ivo to theeiibjech, Hi« Honor bjlieves thit this further improvement cu^db) brought about by giving effect to the following pro- jHraithmS : • ■

I. Th it a p ovUi tn be inserted in the Bill enabling the Lientenant Gov.Tnor to oreobo Appellate Benches in such dis'Hots as may frimi time to time bo notified in ihe

II. 'J'h it such B be-Composed of two or more of theI f.dhiwin^ offi'5-*rs, viz.. District Jiidgr , .Additioiinl J’ndge SH'”»I b irdin ito J.idge, ipivl loo il SiniU Cause Court Judge where

availableIII. T int wher.» the Bench !»y«tAm has been introduced, nil

appeals not <»xc edin. in va'ua Us. 2 >0, or a nch le.ss sum ns the L io il'G iv irnmenr s'nll direct bv N.itifioation in the Gazette, be ti led by the Benoli, except the following

(a). Appeals in rent salts not exOv*edihg Us 100 in value nnd, in wiiich no qu sti»n hai arisen of right to enhqnoe or vary the rent, 0 • ' elarinir lo tiHe to land or interest in land (Section. 102 of Acr, VUt. UOo! 1869)' (/;.) Appe (Is of the Small C luse Court class when the debt dam or d-mand docs nob exceed Rs 501 (Sootioii 27, Act X X lU o flS M )in r v^peebof which t\v.> el iss^s the Bill does liob propose, and th * [ii 'Utenarrt Gnvernur does iiot thitik^it necessary in nny wav I o alter pres >nt la w.

IV Thit wh M‘Q the Judges 'of the Appelate Bench are •ml, th dr jnd^nV^nt shall be uhsjliuely final nnd conclusive

provid al th it in o ise.4 not e<i:ejdi ig Us 100 in vnhij it simll bo dis.:r Mio iary, and in oases exeeedt.ng Us 100, imperntire for the Beiicli, at the request o> the parties, t> state for dhe opinion (ff rho Hig!i Court a CHS 3 upon any po-nt o f law, or eqiiilj or usag ‘ hiving -h * f)rue nf law, or con^brnctioii o f a Written (loimiii >nt nff ci.ing tlie merits of tho case.

V 'I'hat where theJud..4[e8 differ,tlie judgment bf thoJudgo who concni'A with the Court of first instance shall bo the judgment of the ue teh provid hI that in idl such cases it slinll bo iiiipora- tiv j unnn rhe Benjii, at the request of the parties, to state fur the opinion of tiij High Court a case ii|>()ii any point, o f law. It mi;<hc (>« advis ibl.i (and on this ns well ns other points the L'eurA-3nant G ivern >r h s asked the opinion of the High Conn) to a'low nls > an appeal, not ns o f right hnt ns provided in Suc­tion 3, 4 Mid 5 of the Bill nd it iiow stands

yr. . 'L'har. in tho<id di-stricts in which the Bench system may not ba iiWro hiccd a second il ipe d be allowed, except in ca^es not excei'dittg in V line Rs lOQ or suidi less sum as the Local Goveriiment'nniy direct Uy Nmifiualion in tlie Gazette

VII Th;ir. in all 0 ises inohided in the exception to tho l ist proposition it be itnparO'ivo upon the AppeTlite J ndgo, at tho request of tlia pii’tios, to 8tite fur blic opinion ol the High Court a c:ne npo I a ly point ol hiw ; an.l lurtiier, that tho provisions of Soution 3, 4, an 1 5 of the pruseut Bill uxbend to alt, 8uoh oases’*

Sir Richard thus review? the effect o f the.se proposals wpon the B i l l :

First., then, as regards t.ie Bill, the modifications introduced would h} lour in miniber, viz :

A Wii'To ill 3 tn ixhn lai of Rs 200 now found in chins) (a) Section 2 of the nnl is rut lined, ih j constiLUiion of the Ap* ptdliuo C»ii'ts i.t t h 1 m ifu sil is alt r d and improved In order to mak'* ihem oquU t > th ‘ir I'usponsib'ility

B Whei'jsicii improve neiib ‘ may nut ba itnm nlintely in- tro liioed, tlie m iximuai limit is red iced to Rs 10). the field of uxperimnnt ihoruioie narrowed, and the risk of iiiiBcarriage of justioe (limiiiishfd

C In id) c is s a rus»rt to ill 3 High Court on points oflaw is m ide p >3>ibU3 ; and by iva-ion of th \ provisions making it. im peraiive to state a c -s *, t\iU resori is mtidn freely open, except, in cas s nor. <>xO'*eding Ui 100 in value, tried by a B«iioh uf two or morn Jndj:es, who uoiicnr in their judgment

D Tne iipplioatioii of clause (b) Section 2. is liinitMd to o isoi not exceeding Us 2.)0 in vidiie tried l>y a Beiio.r.

As teg ir is D, Sir RioUird T«mp!e iiu< oar.'full^ ouiisldjred fh-3argum mts fur and agtdnsi the piimdple ul giving finality t* thj dDuroo of a.I Appeli.iteCourt, u hich suhstaiitinlly nfiirmj the docre.< of a Court of first instance It appears to him that wheresnchaHirma.ee is on a matier uf law, tha power of resorting to I he highest tribunal uugnt not, ns a rule, to be barred ; bur ih it wii t j tha ntfirming app > I >te decree is that ofa oomputen’ tribnn.tb h'ivin,r the co ifivleiio 3 of the people, nny furrh r resort to n higlier court, ns to niMturs of (act., mt v properly he b >nvd except in cases of cons dei nble value, nnd therefore of great iniportancM lo the parties coiioerned. The cases now ))rO')osud to be withdrawn from the operatiem of the principl 3 :«re o isrs exoueding in value lls. 2j0, but n it axceed* ing Us 5,0d0, the higliest limit of nioiussil appellate Juris liciion, Sir liiohai’d Temp o tniuks that sucli caa«-s may well be withheld until, by f he re-Jiilt of experiment upon casus of lower value, it has been sh )wn that I he principle may s dbly be introduced into tiie mofu-sii.

In c m^ideriiig the eff •rt upon the present appeal law of the Bil', if niodifijd in the mannei* proposed by the Lient*nant- Govi rnoT.the first point isoueas to*^wliicn iliere is in» sUfferenc 3 uf opinion. In a 1 cases Mthi r than timse excepted by extstiinf law or lallin, wiihin the re.slrictive provisions o f section 2, the Bill allows a second' appeal upon law and fucrs to tlie liiuh-St tribunal, ami ill's U the rem.aly which all, who have given aiten ion to the subject; propose without n dissentiiig voice for the evi s of the pres *nt hysiem of sp.-cial appeal, in so far. Hi m. as the Bill provi luS tliis wan -dy for cases not fall - dug within ihe restriciivj provisions of seu ion 2, ir-appeals to givf3 g'-neral-s.itishiction^ and ivq-iircs no dt.scus^i m on tlij present occ'ision.

Tim only provjsioas of tlie Bill which are. ;thon, open to diff rence nf op niou air<l t ) ar.'ii n MiC, are tho<o Whiodi iin> pose resfriution on appeal as of rijktt 11 iving r-g »nf to tho lat g 3 tmoihor ol oasfs wide rwiU be affectud by tnese restric­tions, even il modiH d in the manner now propxed, Sir lliciiard Temple is fnjly aliyo to the great imp irUno ' of the questions Jit issue, Inasmiieh jts they aHoct a very cunsMeruble pro|>ovtie'i. if n >t th 3 greater uumbjv o fih o se w h i re-^ort to the Civi) Qourt-i. As t!io law now sta id , there is a second appeal on p unts of 1 iw only to tho rii>h Court, which is ihus TUiide the higlwst tribunal for the exposition of the law It is

argueil, nnd the Lieufenant-Governor admits tho force of tlie apgumun*’, thnt to take n'v iy this right of appeal from those affected, to compel tiiem to accept the interpretation of the law which emanates from a less able tribunal, is to inflict upon tliem a real hardship by depriving them of an advantage which h i.s been enjoyed since the first constitution of Civil Courts under Britisli authority in this country. It is further said that the particular plan embodied in the Bill for exclud­ing* frivolous appeals for shutting out the unworthy will have th s effect of excluding'the worthy with the unworthy. If there is any truth’iu these arguments,if sncli will really be the effect of tlio measure in its pre:<eiit form, Sir Richard Temple*concedes that there is some ground for'complnint which ought to be re­moved if its removal bo possible consistently with the |*i - servation of the other great and undoubted benefits bonferred by the measure and of those inevitable conditions wliich relate to exp anse.

It is clear that the improvements described in this letter will not lessen in any way the benefit conferred in re''>pcct of,casM not fal ing wii hill the restrictions Whether they will involve increased expenditure is a question upon which it is unneces** sary to entar here ; but supposing them to he feasible so far as concerns any difficulty in this direction, will they remove the gronml of complaint above alluded top' It is proposed to make it impemtive upon all Apoellate Judges sitting nioue, and upon Benches in cases exceeding Rs. 200 in value, and in all oases where ih 're is a dffercnce of opinion, to state, if either of the parties so req lire, a case for the opinion of the mgh Court upon any p.iiiit oflaw, or equity, or usage having the forcj of law, or coustrnptiou of a writtuQ document affecting the merits of t te c ise. ' Iie d >or will thus be iri-ely open for a resort to the High Court ti8 (he highest tribunal for the iii- toiprut itiona of the law—open ns wide as it ever has been, under the system of .special appeal, tur cases in •which tbsie are bonajide poiiM.s of law involved* At the same tiqae the necessity of staiiag a e.ise, of putting the law point into a tangible shape, will, it is hoped, put a not incffeoiunl check upon idle appellate Inigation by keeping out cases in which ho p lint of law ims reidly arisen, too many of which under tlie existing system are brought before the High Court to be die* mi.ssed a'tor tiin wuste of time involved in u hearing, with the intinmtioii that they never should have been brought up in special appeal. ^

III cases not excee Uiig Rs. 100 tried by an Appallute Bench resort to the lligli Courtis not proposed to be wliolly barred; bntitis in ountjinplatioii to impttg.) a sort of check by leav­ing it discretion iry with bim Bench to griint the partiesi'a case , or not,. T»i< check Is imposed only where the coiisiiiutiou of the Mofiissil Ap)>elaie Court is so improv'd as to render it wonliy of (he c niftdenco of tlie p< ople. Sir Richard Temple iif disposed t ) think that the experini.nib so guarded ought to be II safe one, and tint the d.scieiion uf two Judges might safely be irustud not lo bar tlie ncces-r to the Uigb Court whnre sucli accus-i ought propurlj* to be allowed

FinnV}', as to cmS 'S not exceeding Rs #00 in value tried by a single Appnll:>te Judge, Che provisions as to stating a oas'q litvoallilur ul >idv .nt.igo of a spec! d appeal, but in a wfty ' which ni >y he m nlo muah less expensive to tlie parties wliile the additional provisions uf sections 3, 4 and 5 coufer mlvniuages nui’er bufore unjoyed

The Lioutennnt-Govornor would not. propose at onoo to introduce Hi ! Bench system into nil districts and this for two reasons,. Lr. is very d s'ralilo Hiar it should,be introduced iviah . o re , and testid in some few districia before being in nt<y way gonurally extumled^ jiAid further, all districts in Lower Bengal are nob eqq;il'y adypiiced, and therefore nob equally ready for the experlirtent tib fai' as it it possUile lo judge of \ ■ im asiirenot tieru dly * tried, His Honor Inclines to the belief, that the ounsti.U'ion of App *lhv*e B'^nohes in the Mofu^sll near to the people and tlieir h.mies wilt b i fraught wirdi snbstaiiiial advantage, and ncoupiablo Co tho community at large.

W e have given the letter o f the Bengal Go­vernment in extenso, as the proposals, contained in it are of vital importance.

The scheme of Appellate Benches proposed by the Lieutenant Governor is a move in the right direction. Its success will, however, de- , pend upon one comlition, which is that the '<?Subordinate Judges, who would be asso- . dated on the appellate bench, should he . made perfectly independent o f the District Judge, for unless his independence be secured the new Bench will do more harm than good. The Subordinate Jiujgo as his name implies,, is now wholly "under the control of the District Judge. A s the British Indian Association, which has been consulted by Government on the sub­ject, observes, the general control o f the Civil Courts in any district is under A ct V I . of 1870, vested in the District Jlidge, subject to the super­intendence of the H igh Court. I t is consequently the duty of the District Judge to report u ^ n the Subordinate Judge, and although the H igh Court and the Governmentr doubtless form their opinions about the merits of Subordinate Judges from the character o f the work done by them, still it ir^ay be easily imagined that they are n o t . a little guided in the formation o f those opinions by the annual or other periodical reports made by the District Judge. Thus the prospects of the. Subor­dinate Judge are’ in a great measure dependent upon the good will o f tho District Judge. Then again all appeals in suits under Rs. 5 0 0 0 from the decrees and orders of the Subordinate Judge, when such appeals are allowed by law, lie to the District Judge. In the third place the District Judge is to distribute to tho Subordinate Judge the appeals from tho decisions o f Munsifs, and may withdraw appeals so referred and hear apd dispose of appeals so withdrawn. Similarly the flistrict Judge may withdraw any proceeding transferred to the Subordinate Judge, and may either him self dispose o f them, or witli the sanction of the H igh Court transfer them to any other Subordinate Judge under his control or to himself. In the fourth place the ministerial

F e b e u a?vY 8, 1S7-5.] T H K H i N D O 0 - F A T K I O T

officers of the Courts of Subordinate Judges can not be appointed without the sanction of the District Judge, and they may be transferred from one court to another in his district at his pleasure, and to any other district by Government at his instance. The District Judge is to hear appeals from orders of the Subordinate Judge removing, suspending or otherwise punishing any ministerial officer. The dependence of the Subordinate Judge upon the District Judge is thus broadly marked. It may therefore be well doubted whether,'so long as this state of dependence of the Subordinate Judge continues, he will be able to bring that feeling of independence to the bench, which is essential to an efficient administration of justice.

The treatment of Subordinate Judges and Mun- sifs by Some of the District Judges does not also, inspire us with confidence as to the success of the scheme, unless the.^ubordinatG Judge 'who will be a member of the new Appellate Bench be placed on an equal footing with the District Judge. It should be remembered that the Native Judicial Service

4 s now composed of 'gentlemen possessed of libefal education, legal training, and high charac­ter, and they feel sorely the contumely with which they are sometimjs treated. The feeling of degra­dation with which they are filled is so intense that some of them actually proposed the" establishment of a Protection Society. So long as the present state of dependence of the Subordinate Judge upon the District Judge will continue, it may be easily imagined that they will act under restraint. Independence in the Judge is essential to a sound administration of justice, and without it the Appellate Bench will prove a ;sham, a mockery, and a delusion. But this difficulty may be met, if the Subordinate Judge, who will be associated on the Bench,- be made an Addb tional Judge with co-ordinate powers with the District Judge. The .British Indian Asso­ciation has made this suggestion, and we hope

:j.t will be adopted. W ith the Subordinate Judge raised to the rank of Additional Judge he will be in relation to 'the District Judge in the same position, which the Native Judge of the High Court occupies ‘ in relation to his Civilian and Barrister colleagues. H e will not be dependent upon the good will of the District Judge for promotion, or the retention of his position.

W e are glad to observe that Mr. Hobhouse has postponed his motion for the passing of the Civil Appeals Bill. . W e hope the Council will not hastily pass it. It ought to consider the very important proposals of Sir Richard Temple. W e cannot too often repeat that it is not a fondness of litigation, which leads our country­men to seek an appeal to the High Court. It is because the District Appellate Court does not command their confidence they want an appeal to the highest tribunal in the country. I f the Government wjll strengthen and improve the District Courts, the people will be quite content, with one appeal. The Government has repeat­edly promised to reform the judicial system, but as yet it has taken no action on the subject. Now or never, we fear, is the issue before the country. W e do hope that the Civil Appeals Bill will not pass without providing for the improvement of the District Appellate Courts.

T H E IN D IA N L A W ; R E P O R T S BILL.

M r. H obhouse has great power. His speeches are models of literary composition. H e is careful, considerate, and courteous, but does not scruple to hit hard livhenever there is occasion. W e like this, for it infuses life into the deliberations of the legislature. W e only regret that there are not others in Council capable of returning blow for blow. There- should certainly be decorum in the debates in the Legislative Council, but the public gain and do not lose by an occasional sparring, and if other members of the Council would strike as hard as Mr. Hobhouse sometimes does, it would be all the better for the public. W e remember a very interesting debate in the "Legislative Council when Sir Henry Maine \vas the Law Member. The Christian Marriage Bill was then under discussion; Sir Henry Maine supported the Bill in a sparkling speech, and he was ans>vered in another by Sir Henry Ander­son, which for depth'of learning, ringing eloquence, and happy hits has never been surpassed in the

Council. Sir Henry replied in an equally able speech. The Bill was ultimately passed, b\it the debate was one,-which would do honor to the House of Commons. Unfortunately such debates are rare. Hon’ble members may be said to simply register the decrees of Government. Their position, we confess, is anomalous. The additional members are for the most part under the executive Govern­ment, and we believe feel the restraint when they dissent from the views of Government. Much as we were at one time opposed.on principle to the association of High Court Judges in the work of legislation we are constrained to say that the cir­cumstances of, India require the presence of such an independent element in the legislative assembly. The Law Member by reason of his pro­fessional training and knowledge, has an immeasur- ed advantage over his colleagues none of these have his special knowledge, and therefore wage an unequal war. The result is that the Law Member has every thing'in his own way. This is much to be regretted. The experience we have

■had of the working of the new Councils suggests that we should revert to the old system and invite the Judges to give the-benefit of their professional knowledge and experience to the Council.'

Mr. Hobhouse’s speech was very outspoken. Although we do not agree with all that he said, we must confess that he supported his case with considerable ability. The great fault of Mr. Hobhouses’s p^si^on was that he assumed too much for the Executive Government. Referring to 4he objections o f the Bombay High Court he sa id : _

“ f nccephwilh all sine'rU-y their disclniinor of irapuHn;; any sinister xiotiv.; to G ivernmjii£. Buc then, (vhat ig the mean in " of all this that I have been re.idih; ? Spotless as we are* what is fh > danger til be fearedfrotn ua ? Either nil tliis must meuB nothing at all, or it must mean that we are going to do a very wrong thing ; thaf, being the mowt frequent litigants in the country^ we shall be tempted^ and, in spite of all our purity and huiooence, shall fall ; that we shall garb'e report^ij that w'e shall palm off oul* base coin upon the public as the true issue of the judicial n.int.

“ Now, iT I were of a querulous disposition, I should com plain a little of our friends in Madras ntid B )mbay, that (lu'y liHve dealt us somewhat bard measure, for while th 'y impute to us schemes of daring ambition,'they do not credit us with as much common sense or worldly wisdom as would snflficj to rondact rhe busitiess of n retail habordasli'M-* I will not avail xnyselfofthe g. nerosity of the Bombay High Court, bat will supp.ise that, instead of being spotless ns sn >w, we «ro very leopards or Ethiopians, and that we oiitertain nBfnnous de­signs of advnneiLg our own inier throu h right and through wronj;. W lm tisit supposed timt we slmfl do ? First, it'must liapp-^n that some vilely-disposed branch of Govemmnet finds that an incoq,venient> decision has been passed against it * the matter is of importance, bub it is not advisable to appeal, tior to a! tempt any art.^ration of the Ihw, But the briglit idea ocs curs to them, that if they xan only prevent the case from being reported, it will do them some good, though they must obey the decree, and though they must know that the same point*, when it occ'urs again, wi|l probably be determiuo I the same way. So tliey hpp'y to the B litorof the Reporis, and the two cons*, pire tog< til r 10 sup>press the decision, thougli otherwise woithy lo b e reporti'd and sent up by the ilrporter as such. All this is done to gain what ? Just the barest chanco that tlie decision may be forgotten, :ind thac when tlie same point happens to occur again, ifc will come before anotlier'Conrt who may decide it an >ther way. But what is the risk run ? If the decision is of the slightest importance, will the Court, the Bar, the vakils, and the public (orget all nboub it?^The cluinoes are a hundred to one against it. And then, whab wiM become of onr scheme? It will irnmediate'y become knewn tiiat we me using reports to give onesided vi^ws of the law ; the character of onr' reports will be blown upon"; nobody will be content with authorised reports, bocauso they cannot be trusted to give the really iiiH poi'laiit cases ; and reporring oi.v the commercial principle will by our own fully, be fixed on a fii ntor basis than ever. In fact, it is jv in itter of tlie greatest surprise to mo hpw such nn obj«»ctiori cau be made oilierwise than in tlie heat of debate nnd on the spur of the moment; ^nd I feo| it difficult to nddress myself witii due gravity to so chimerical an apprehension.*

Again in his reply to Mr. Dal yell:** One point he meniioned wns, th ithe c >nsid-red ih i ont-

.«:ide public would be suspicious of the convetnoss of the reports if .they were cont.irictet| by the Goyemment. W© were fold

•too, elsewhere,that the Government must be like Ctesar’s wife, above fiuspitiou. But probably wlrm Caesar was speaking of his wife, he wa« thinking of iho opinion o f rensonablo men who (ormed their judg^ihent on re asonable grounds. Even Caesar must have known liiat the tittle-tattle of the Koman boudoirs was beyond,control. So Mr. Hobhouse supposed tliar, by the outside public, his hon'ble friend meant those who paid attention to the subj 'ct and took nn interest in Law Uepenus. To tliat, nil that need he said was, that if an outside public of th 't kind were dis-jatisfied with the Law Reports, the remedy was ill their own haails. AH the}' would have to do was lo got some painstaking per.«on like Mr. JSutlierland to publish the judgments of the High Conr.s.’*

Here lies the point at issue. TJhe whole busL ness of law-reporting is left in the hands of the Government Reporter, and as the Bill declares that the authorized reports alone shall be binding upon the Court,, it may be easily inaagined that the public will be slow to patfotiize private reports,, and under the circumstances how can a private pub­lication successfully compete with a Government publication of this kind ? The private publisher will be necessarily shut put of the field and the public will cgnsequoptly suffer. This view Mr. Hobhouse did not choose to take, and his thunders

s

.«5

about the suspicions cast upon the “ spotles.s character” of the Executive Govenn'nenti were therefore quite gratuitous. Mr. Dalyell said, that “ he questioned whether the Government should take this power to which he had referred— whether, in fact, law reporting in this country , should in any way be under the control o f the Government ? The days of personal Governineht had passed away, at any rate in the greater part of the Country. The reign of law had commenced, and he for one was decidedly of opinion that aiiy^ thing which could possibly m interpreted as an interference with the deeisipns of the law Courts should be avoided. H e submitted , that, i f this power of giving special authority' to certain re­ports were taken, and was exercised, as it iniist he, by devolving the duty upon some official of set o f officials in the ordinary. employment of thfi Governuient, it would be quite possible, and not at all improbable, that the outside public might suppose that some sort of interference with the , decisions of the ' Courts was to be attempted.’ More than that. There is already an impression abroad that the primary object of the Bill is-to . conceal the defects in the judicial wares presented, by the several High Courts, and we inust candidly, confess that the official report will form an ex­cellent instrument for accomplishing that object. The Government Reporter .w ill take care to pub­lish those decisions only which will Sear the lighi of publicity, and the public will therefore be left utterly in the dark as to-the general character our jctdicial administration by the highest courts in the land. Publicity is a great and wholesome check upon judicial vagarieiS, but Mr. Hobhouse’s law will remove that check. It may be said that newspapers and private publishers* may perform that function, but Mr. Hobhouse is well aware that there is not sufficient enterprise in this country, and that private individuals have the least chance of successfully competing with Govern­ment, particularly under the dead-weight of the law which' he proposes- to impose That publicity is a great check w as. abundantly . shown when the' Government used to pub­lish the reports of the decisions of the zilla courts. The expose which those reports made of the zillah judges was too mueh for Govern- . ment and it discontinued them; Mr. Hohhouse's Bill will secure for the Higii. Court Judges the, same iiRmunity from public criticism. ‘ ..

Beyond this questionable, indeecl, censurable object, we do not see what good would he accom­plished by the new law. O f course we will have more carefully edited reports, but that object’ could haTe been attained by subsidizing" private publishers. The great scandal of the day in connection with this subject is glaring contradictions in the decisions of the High Courts. Scarcely two Judges agree upon important points of law. It is this contradictoriness, which so much puzzles the subordinate courts. Mr. Hobhouse says, that “ it has been objected to this Bill that it pro- . vides no machinery to prevent contradictory rulings. But I never heard of anything that could prevent them. As. long as we have in­dependent minds giving decisions • on the same subject, so long we shall have- contradictory rul­ings. It does not seem to me desirably if it were possible, to secure such a result, nor, if *it were deshable, would it be possible,’' True, and we should not certainly fetter the independence of the Bench’. But could not the evil have been rerne- died by declaring that only Full Bench rulings should be bindiug upon subordinate courts T We regret that Mr. Hobhouse has paid no .attention . to this part of the subject ■

N O T Q U IT E A T E M P E S T I N A TEA-POT.*

S ome may think that the case, which we are about to notice, is a tempest in a tea-pot, but it is not so. It involves an important constitu­tional question, fratight with momentous conse­quences to the cause of municipal self-govem -' ment in this country. The following correspoui dence discloses the foots of the ease:FkoM,

F. H. PKLI.BW E-xj... Atagistmte of Hooghhj.

To' . • - ■BAJJlI-NEltYB CHAND SlL,

- - ' Chinsurah, , 'Dated Hoogldg^ the n th iVoHeHib '18r 4-

—I hrwe tlie honor to furwaid you an extract from a report received by me and to requc*(; that you will aubiiiit

GO*' T H E H I N D O O P A T R I O T [ F e e r v a r y 8 , IS r S .

, explanation of the oironinatanoes therein detailed, until you do which, I must' request you to refrain from acting as a Alnuioipal Commissioner.

I hare &o. &c. ', ‘ (Sd.) F. H. Pellew

■ , MagistratesExtract from a report from the District Snparintondent ot

police, .Hooghly dated the 17th November 1874.Oil leuviiig Mr. ■ Macnuly and you hist evening I walked to

Iho Hospital quarters and on my way I heard a great noise proceeding from the direction,of Eurooah b-.zar and on arrival, at the hospital, a constable came running up saying that tliere was a great dangah in Kurooa bazar. 1 accordingly ran as quickly as possible to the spot and there found - a ..pro­cession just moving off. The procession was about 10(> yards np the .road leading to Tola Bhatnk. Mr. Thompson told me that the procession belonged to the Seal family, and that on

.• .his trying to disarm one of tlie prooessien whd was flourishing nboiit'a d/iao in a dangerous manner. Babn Neuiyeohand .Seal and others of bis family prevented the Police from dis arming the man and. that they pished on by main force. Mr.

•, Thompson said tlmt as his Polios force had been reduced to a '■ small number by despatching constables wich other proces-

■ sions, ha couldlnot arrest Babn Nemyeciiand Seal and the other , Bgbus without a . chance of au affray. As soon as I heard

. this, I went up to the procession and stopped it and informed Baba Nemyeoharid Seat and the other members of the Seal ' ” that I would prevent the procession moving any fuy-

II thff weapon was given 'up. The weapon was there- sailed for ny Babn Nemyechand Seal or by a Babn

close 'f.o him and given up to me and 1 gave the procession leave proceed.

Easy JfEMre CnAim Seai,.;

F. H. PEnnEW Esq., C. S.Magistrate of Hooglily,

Chinsurah, 25th November 1874.)-lVith referencejto your letter No.612 of the 17th instant ■g an exi raot from a report of the District SiipCrin- lofPoIico of tiie samesdate, nnd desiring ms to submit |mntioii %f the circnmstanoes therein detailed, I liave Br to state for your information that, neither myseii'

msmber of our lamiiy over instructed any of our men ^ o flooi'isli about a dao in a dangerous manner in the public

e-reate, and that the statement that a man in the prooessioii was flonrisidng bont a doe in a dangerous manner bhs like­wise no foundaUon in fact.

2. The fact is that on% of our men did carry With him a small dao the One now in. the cueto.ly .of the Police with no otfier object titan that of separating the idol from tlie wooden frame when the image was to be oonsigiicd to tlie waters ; it beinjf the invnriaole c,ust.vm with ail Hindoos to bring back the wooden frame when returning home.

3. ' Oar Kartie is more than 100 years old and the practice of carrying a small dao with tliq prooe'ssion is as old as the Kartie itself. Daring the whole course of a century neyer before did the Police or. any other authority interfere with tho dao being used for the pnrp.)sa indicated above or with our peaoelul and harmless prixtssstou.

4. Thwe was no object In flonrisbing nhont a dao nor in fact was it ever flonrished about. The man who carried tlie dao with him luid, 1 am inCurmedj simply raised it above his head inorder tbathe might not hnrcaiiy body titnt might be pnsliing him in tho crowd.’"-

3. Tlie rhport of the District Superintendent of Police nppe.ais to be based on the verbal information given to him by the Snb-Inspeotor Mr. Thompson. That Mr. Thompson

. did not represent the fact to the District Saparintandenc of Police in its true colors - but had given an exaggerated ao-> oonnt is clear from the couver«ition tiiat passed between the DUti'iot Snperintendent and Mr. Tliompson at the time

'Mr. Pratt, after stopping the procession, addressed Mr. Thompson in the follewiiig terms “ Mr. Thompson, where are. the lattees and the hatchets yon were speaking ot? Mr, Tliompann was put ont,of oonnteimnoe for a moment, and he npparsiitly did not know what reply to give, ho then said timre was a dao. The District Superintendent of Police tlien c;ilied for the dao nnd without the slightest objeotioii it was immediately given up to him. Tlie District Suporinteiidout of t’ulioo will be.ar me out in tliese facts.

Gi The facts being snoh as T have stated above, I beg to 8tato.thiib they were ex iggerated and tli it the constable’s in form itioii that there was a great dangah in Kliorooali Bazar” as mentioned in the 'Dislriot Superiatoiiileiit’s report was false. For the District Siiperintaiideiit Jiimself does not say that lie saw any kind of aangali or even any attempt of it, nlthoiigli as from his own statement it svppears that he had

-arrived at tlie spot instantly. Neither was any mjutioii of a d ing.vh made by Mr. Tliompson.. 7. It is further stated that I nnd others of my family pre­vented tlie Police from.disarming the man that had the dao 11 his hand and tint we pushed on by main force. Tin's \s not true. Our procession wua a very large ono. I was in tho rear of the procession ns is always the custom with those who are owners of an idol. Suddenly the bund niid tomtoms ceased beating, and the idol frame stood still. I remained where I wa.-, that is in the rear. ' Soon after the tomtoms hqgaiiSSto boat ngain and the procession went on ns before. Wliat linpponed to the van of the procession I have no personal knowledge of, but 1 wns informed that the Police had stopped the jirocession in the belief that we were not justified to pass on without a formal pass, but when they were informatl of the fact ttiat 11 pass liad been applied for and tlie District Supariii- tendenb hiid said that on local holidays passes were not neces­sary, they allowed tho processions to proceed. Wlian moving along witle the proeess.on, I oaine near tho Th innah

* I asked Mr.'Thompson' why ho had stopped the procession he said there was a m.aii in the van of the prucossioii flou­rishing nh.nit n hatched. Understanding by the term hatchet an ax-‘ i lield him that there wns no hatchet. I further added that if he coiild pro Incq a than with a hatchet I would give Wim a reward of lUU Rs. After nil this it is a matter of no small snrpiise tif liear it stated that we had prevented the Peiioe liMih disarming the man aiKf- that we pushed on by m nn force, t emphatically deny that I myadf or any ono of 0111- family hail prevented the Policefroni dis inning any mm. To.my knowledge no attempt waS made by Mr. I'liompson to, take off the dao. If it was demanded from ns it would Imvejbeen given np as quitely as it was given up to the District isitperiiitendent,

8. Oil first seeing Messrs. Thompson and Clifton I slmok bauds with the former arid requested-Mv. Cl ifion to cmne niinig with ns, and he gladly advanced till lie met tile District Snperintendent. The statement of Mr. Thompson that owing to the paucity of tlie constables who were in attend mce, he cenld nut .arrest myseii and oihers of us without a chance of an aff.M.v is simply ridienloiis. Wa did not jommit aii.y offence bo j'istify tlie Police in nrrestir.g ns.

9. It will tlnis appear tliat the itifnrinatiiiii' given to the District Saperiiueiideiit of Police .that there was a dang.ali was false,, that li ma of ony men ever ttoniished abunt a

' ilop, that no: attempt was mads to arrest me and in lact tiiere was no occasion for it, and that Iho procession did not pass on by main force.

10. What motive Mr. Thompson liad in giving .an e.xagge- rated aecoant to tho District Superintendent of Police, we are at a loss to determine so far as myselfand the other members of oiir family are ooiiaerned. I am coafident that we did nothing wrong. I liope these explanations will satirfy yon.—

I Irave &c(Sd.) Nemve ChUnd Seal.

. Order-Althongli it appe ars clear to me that some members of the

procession were Vary disorderly and that Baboo Niin.ai Chund Seal himself was somewhat inclined to dispute tlie nutliority of tlie Police until the arrival of Mr. Pratt, yet making allowances for the exoiteuieiib of tlie occasion nnd bearing in mind the ivnexceptiniially rejpectable reputation of Bnlioo Nemye Cliuiid Seal, I Shall not press tho matter further agiinst him. But I warn him to take care that such, incidents do not occur again.—

(Sd.) F. H. PELI.EWChairman.

It will be observed that Mr. Pellew first took action as “ Magistrate,” but ultimately passed his decision as “ Chairman,” of the Municipality, H ad he as “ Magistrate” any right to suspend a Municipal Commissioner, and as “ Chairman” to review the order of suspension passed by him­self as “ Magistrate ?” The correspondence dis­closes an assumption of authority on the paid, of Mr. Pellew, which is wholly unjustifiable. I f Babn Nemychand Seal did dispute the authority of the Police or in any way resist it, which 'he

i did noh Mr. Pellew should have instructed the Police to prosecute him under the law, and if a Court o f dastice should have convicted him he might have then reported him to Government. But he did nothing of the kind. Although Babn Nemychand’s explanation is perfectly frank and Satisfactory, Mr. Pellew without *adducing any proof or rebutting his statements tells him that “ it seems th a t-h e was somewhat *inclined' to dispute the authority o f the Police,” au insiauation absolutely insulting to the Babu, because it is incapable of proof. It* is the more remarkable that while Mr. Pellew testifies to “ the unexcep- tionally respectable reputation of Babu Neniy- chand Seal,” he did not allow that consideration to weigh with him for a moment when he di.sgracetl him by suspending him from the office o f Muni­cipal Commissioner. H o docs not even say in his last order whether he has reinstated him. W e are rfad to observe tliat the Babu has appealed to the Lieutenant-Governor against the action of tho Magistrate. H e justly says that the law give.s the Magistrate no ppwer to suspend him:— that “ the authority that aj^eints has alone the right to saspend.” H e continues :

But tins U not all. I wa< n9{v>ntl6(l on Uie report of a nmre Sub-lnapector of tUe I’o loe, fur tho ve|>orr. ol tho Dis­trict SuporinteiKlHMt of the Poltco u> th i Ma^\-trate em ircly b on the inforruaiioii given him hjtiie Sub^liispector. Ami tlio summary snsponBion was ordered, not only on the r>‘port of n Sub*Insv>ecU>T of the Police, but in Rpiteol tite Mjigietrat-o's kiiowleilgo of wimt he calls iny “ iim xcfptioii Jly renpoctiibln vopntutiun.’ ' Had 1 known tlmr. iis a Mnnicipnl Commissioner and Honorary - liij istrat*. 1 waw u>b« snepmuh d from exeroiatng the lunciipns of my Otfiue by tiie fiitt of a mere District MiijfiRltato on the r,^port of a SahwInRp 'Ctor oCthe Police,ami in ihe t^eth ol unHxueptionabl • othcial p.inraotor, I would Imve been slow in nocepiin^ tiie doticnt.0 honour wh-eu it w><s ofieied mo ; nnd 1 mnsure no tmtive (reiuleinaii, wh'» h.is any Konao ui self-respect will, on suoli serve gn Her M ijesiy's Commiasion.”

The question raised in the above affects the whole community. I f a District. Magistrate be allowed to insult members of a Municipal Com­mittee in this flagrant manner, as the Babu justly remarks, no gentleman with any sense of self-respect will consent to serve as a Municipal Commissioner. W e hope the decision of the Lieute­nant-Governor in this case will be such as to secure tho independence of the members of Municipal Committees. These Committees are in many cases mere shams so far as the management of nmnici- pal matters goes, but they ijvill he worse if the members be liable to personal insult at the hands of the Magistrate. There is one omission in Babu Nemjrchaiid Seal’s petition to the lieutenant Governor. H e does not say that the Magistrate does not distinctly state whether he reinstates him or no, and so long as a definite order is not passed on the point, he cannot we believe join the Muni­cipal Board. W hat is his offence that he should be reduced to this degrading position ? Babu Nemychand w^ hear is an, useful and energetic member of the Hooghly Municipal Committee, aiid tills is his reward for devoting his time and energy toi public business not o f his own motion hut on the invitation of Government.'

T H E K R IS H N A G U E C O L L E G E .W e publish ia a supplement a full report of

the public meeting lately held in Krishnagur £ji’ the purpose of raising *fu’uJ.s for the revival

6

of the B. A . classes in that College. W e taka this opportunity to publish the minute of thq Lieutenant Governor on the subject dated the 13th November 1 8 7 4 :

“ On the occasion of my recent visits to Berhampore iid4 Kisbaaghiir I receiveil iiieinoriala praiing; that tLie Herliam- porc aiv.l KUhuagInir colleges might be restored to the rank of full l olleges, teaching np lo the degree (B. A. ) examina- ‘ tiou of the tjulverslty of Calcutta. I aacert.'iined, from con vcrsatioii with gentleineii of many prol'i-ssious and depart­ments, that the ednc.-ited, the upper, and the middle classes in boih districts lake a very-warm interest iii this quesiion-

On reiereiice to the cmTesponduuoe which passed regarding -the reduction of these cullezes 1 find that the Government of India and tlie Home ituthorities liiul held that too large, a share of Bengal educational grant was spent on colleges', . nnd that it might bo noadvisatile, in the present statu of , ' the finances, to maintain so many full colleges within a ani.all distance of one another, ns Bengal iiuw had, at Calcutta, - Ho.ighly, Kishuaghur, and Borliampore. Tjiese superior authorities aUu remarked upon the coiuparatively small share ' of the cost of collegiate education borne by fees, private sabscriptions, or other local resuaroes.

'L’he late J.ieuienant-Qovernor, ' Sir "'George Campbell,, felt liiniself obliged to find provincial fauda for primary suhnnis, and also for a more extensive teaching of physiciU and practical scienve. He found that, of the four fall Uo- verii.iient colleges in calcntta iiml its neighbourhood, the lierliam|>oi'e College had, in march 1871. <aily six students in the thir.l and foui-tli year classes; while the -I iabuaghur college had niucteun such students.

A Bengal college, it may be remarked, oonsiata of four years or classes j the first and second year classes ate read- lag fur tho First Aits Kxauiinaiiuii of the Calcutta University, while the third and fniirth year classes consist of students who have passed the First Aits ExaminatiQii anil are reading fur tire University B. A. Examination, which takes place at the end of a four yuar’scollege course. 'Lite iliffereiice hetwevil tha cost of fall College teoeliing up to the B. A. Degree, and the cost of n College teaching up to the First Arts Exami­nation, ranges front Ks. ll>,0UU to Us. 20,000 a year when the extra professors are E'lropeaii otlioers of the graded edn- eationiil service.

Sir George Campbell, in view of the instructions received from superior authority and of Ihe other needs 1 have me'it-. tiuned, decided that the Itui hampore and Kishnaghnr' collegesslioul I, front 1872, teach up to.he First Artastandard only. He believed tlmt the neighbouring Government col-, leges at Calcutta and lluoghly would sutfice for Berhampore- and Kislumgliiir students, who might desire to prosecuKU their studies beyond t ie First Aits R.xaminat'.on. Tho' decision taken by tiie Bengal Govei iinient in 1872 formed tho subject of nu'inoiiaU from roproseutative hudies in Bengal, but was uliiiiiately cunlirmetl by the Government of India.

The ineiiiori.iis which have now heoii presented state that these codegos wero in an uiiusimlly depressed state when tliH numb-r of students fell to the numbers 4 bare\ qnoied above; that’ the withdrawal of the B. A. (ihird anil t lonrlli year) ehiBses has been a grievous blow to the cause of education ia both districts ; tlmt parents cannot afford to scad j their sons away to stuily at Cidontta or Hooghly, and they aro much afraid of their boys learning evil habits by going | without guardians to a great city like Calcutta. TUe memorials quote flgnros and offi r estimates to show that | if the B. A. classes were rcstoicd tlie nnmlier of students would bo as large lus at the Du-oa pr Fatiia colleges.

I find that a somewli.>t similar memorial ngis presented to Sir Go-rgo Campbell on the occasion qf his inspecting one ot these reduced-colleges. Tho thou Bieut>n-int-Guver- nor replied t'aat he Could hold out nu hope of raising the colli'gu to its former expoiisive stitns; but ho said that, if local siibsoripUoiis wero riiis, d, it might hereiiftor l,o jmssiblo to re-opcii lliird and fuiirli year classes under, j Native ProfcSB.ii's. . "

After Tefevriiig to the Offlciiitiiig Director of Piihiio Insti'uetiuii i apprehend that theie Would be much ditU- ciilty in re-opeuiug a dccisiim wli.vh lias recently been taken by the Bengal Government and ratifi,d by tlte Govcrnincnt of India, or in raising tlie staff of these ■ colle.:es to the full ami.uut of th, ir fuiinor strength and cost. But I incline tu hope that tlie' object which tlio people h .VO at heart in.,y in sumo degree be accomplished if they will strive to help theinse vcs and to co-oporalu with Guvei'i-m lit ia the iiisiter.

Tho Null,lea distriec is poeuliarly rich in higher schools.At its chief town. Kisliii glnir, I r. oont.y saw more than one self-supporting higliei-sohuol. 'Ihe nis-liut, and its re­ligions capital, ” Niibuilwip ” aro full of iiaditiuiis and of suidcnts of old Iliiiifou learning. Many if its lirahiiiin families, who pursue leandiig us a pr- lession, arc pour, and they Can barely afford I he expense of si tiding their lads to Calcatiii. Biiieo tlie College li is been rcilit. o-1, its students , have bovu very iiiucli.niorc siuccsdul at th ■ First Arts Kxa v! niination tlmn tlieir cootemp- iarics of tho BerLaoipino Col­lege. The present Principal, .Mr. Belhbiidgu, infoims mo that • he could carry .on tlie t ird ami Imirth year cl isses if two adiji- t uiml Native Professors wuic allowed 11 the College.

Under these circiimstuiices 1 think that it would be ] well 111 ascertain how far the zciuiiidsrs and people of the - Niiddea district may bo ready id conlribtUe towards tho re­opening of the b. A, elnsses at tiie .'.ishnaglmr Co lege.Ill Miiiimp -IV a few principal men have collcutid a sum siitii- cieiit to snppoit a First Arts College, with first nnd second year classes : while the. zemiminr of Diibiillm eo has endow. d the Itampore lieau eah Hcliool Willi Its. 5,Out) a year for the inaiiitemiiice of first and second year C’ollego Classes. I think " it possible that the rich p-’ople of Nnddea night emulate these acts of lioerality. 1 estiiiiatn that the cost of t«o Native I’m- fessiii's, and such small addilional estafilishmcnts as imiy i>o Vtqniredfor the tliird and fourtli year classes, may lie Us. 12,0UU a ,xcav. If tlie people of Nnddea should siihscrilxr capital sulHcieiit to yield one-half of lliis sum aimually, or if they would, to the sati.-fsctioiv of the Goiiimi-sioiici- of thp division, gu irantee an iiunual iuco.iie of I’ s. 6.lH} i tlieti I should be prepiiied to recomii.ieinl th.it a coviespoiidiiig sum ot Us. C',0oj be provided aumially ia Iho Bengal cdileaiional budget dining ilio next five years for ilie support of fliird ami fourtli year classes at IvishnagUur. la m simg.niie that lit,i geimiosity of tho weallliicr cia-ses of tliat iicigUbqarhiHal will not bo appealed to in vain for the proiujliju of so’ iiiteicatuig and import lilt an object,

F e b r u a r y 8, 1875.] T H E H I N D O 0 , P A: T R I O T 67

'J‘he case of the | Berhampore 'College is not so strong as that of the Kishniighur College, either as regards favour­able position, natural resiuroes, or past success. And I shoulii hesitatej to propose for Borhatiipore at present the

g plan above proposed for Krishnaghur, unless indeed th>* people , of Berhampore shoiildj voluntarily come forward with pr j-

posalg for raising funds for establishing Native professorships.1 desire that a ' copy of this Minute be forwarded to the

CommissionerJofjthe Presidency Division, .with a request that he will give the matter his best, consider,aiioii ; and that he wM ascertain, in such way as he may see fit, whether tlie zcmindass and people of the Nuddea ilistrict are willing and able to subscribe Ils. 1, 50, 000, or to guarantee Us. 6,000 n year for the support of B. A.' classes ht the Kishnaghur College. ,

A copy should also be forwarded |tb the Commissioner of llajshaliwefor his iuformatloa.

RICHARD TEMPLE.• The conditions proposed in the above Minute

We learn have been since modified. The subscrip­tions to be raised have been reduced from Rs. 1,50,000 to Ks. 75,000, and the annual guarantee

. from Rs. 6000 to Es. 3000 for five years and the fees of the College are to be included in the latter sum ; all moneys subscribed are to be vested in trustees appointed by subscribers. The condition as to a capital of Rs. 75,000, we submit, is%hard. The district o f Nuddea does not, as the Lieutenant Governor seems to suppose,abound with rich zemindars'; a large portion of landed, property in that district is held by Indigo Planters either as zemindars or putnidars, and they canUot be expect­ed to aid largely in a scheme for the higher educa­tion of native youths. A s for subscriptions from the outside public,we are afraid there is not much pro­spect of success. This call has been made upon the charitably-disposed public immediately after the late scarcity, which was a sore trial to all, both zemindars and ryots. Then tfte zemindars in the other districts have so many local calls upon their purses that they cannot be expected to spare much for objects beyond their own districts. W e doubt whether the local public will be able to raise more than Rs. 25,000 or Rs. 30,000 at the outside. This part of the condition ought there­fore to be revised. A s for the annual guarantee, if the tuition fees be counted as subscription, it may be easily given. The number of students in the Krishnaghur College when tfie B. A ; classes were in existence was above 100, as the following statement shews;

Number bn the r fils at the end of the year.I860. 1870. 1871. 1872 187.1 1874.

106 127 116 93 52 46Since the abolition of the- B. A . classes the

number, as might be expected, has largely fallen oSf, but we have no doubt that the revival of the classes will be followed by a return of the same numerical strength. The two Native Profes­sors proposed by the Lieutenant Governor might

*be had for Rs. 300 each per mensem, and so th3 additional cost to Government would be nominal. W e do hope the Lieutenant Governor will graci­ously reconsider the condition about the capital sum of Rs. 7o,000.

A S C E N E I N T H E P O L IC E C O U R T.W e present the reader the following picture of a

.scene in the Calcutta Police Court, which we t-ike from the Police report of the Englishman : .

“ Mrs. Mnry Campbell aud hur son ArthurCampbell, resi<L- in<r the same prem-st-s with Mr, Hlessley the coach, builder, in Beutinck Stivefc, eharso‘l Mr. Edward Oatliff’ o f tie firm of “ Baker am] Catliff^ of Northbrook House,’ , the former with havin„«- ire3f»,>a- j «d into her apartmentsc assaulted her, and made ngo of very insnltincf and abnsivd laugnaj^e towards her, and tlie latter with liavina; thivatHiiue tonssaulb him, and nm-le use of la tguage c.alculated to provok a b ipach of the peace/’ '

The complainant’s story was th is :“ Qh the26tU ultim-., wliile slie was going to nilieo (Moore

Js Co.’s) a . dog tollow,ed her to it, and at tlia suggestion of her son, sJio tird it up lill i-lainiaiit came foi'war<i. .she saw an ailvort^semBUt iji the Mccliant/e Gazette tlie next morning, and' wrote to Mr. t;ai. iff to say that she had found a dog which somewhat ans.vcr'd the description lie iiad, given Imt asked for a imler description. She received no :eply to i t ; she wrote two i.-Mers a'ier, but got no reply to them either. Last Thnrsd ly iiioriiing the defeiulaut <‘ntcr-d tier appartments by the back way ; she was then in the back silting rooai, was un(lre-<sed. The defendant entered the room, dragged tier about, called her an oi l thief, and said he would got her s x ut njths for it. She twii-e asked him to receive an oxpiahation. but he would not listen. A n.ilive, who accompanied him, was al'o oialered tifaeizj liei'. and thi-.-atcned tliat if he did not rlo so, he wouid get him six months too. Tho native thereiip ni seized lii'r, and, by orders, aiiosed her too. He then piisbeil her aside, unfastened the d g, and took it away Her s n. who was in otfice. hearing of, tlie occurrence, returned home soon ni ter, and she accompanied him to thothaniiah, where she met the ilefendniit, who charged her wiili theft, a id ^ontii,i'n,ed inakiug use o f nbiisive and insulting fanguage Ipwarfis U?r, so abusive th.qt she c.-uld not qxpress them in

open Court, unless compelled to do so. The Inspector was present at the lime.

Daring -the examination of this witness,the defendant turned aw'ay from the dock, but was catted back, and desir- ed to keep to his place. He did so, apologising, but he observed that he oould not stand aud listen to such false­hoods. On being asked if he had any questions to put to the witness liy way of cross-exa.nination, he in an excited- manner Ihuihped the bar with his hands, alleging that the charges were false and cowardly. He had simply called her 'a woman ; and if that was insulting, he was no business man. - He called upon the Magistrate to puf him on his oath, as.suriug him that he would tell what was true, aiiil not one word of falsehood would e.«cape his lips. He had twice called into Court last Saturday, but the Magistrate had left. He could not attended early, because in that retail shop of his nil that date ho sold goods to the value of Rs. 6,600, and could not leave it.

Arthur Campbell witness, and second complainant, said the first witness was his mother. Last' Thursday morning at nbont 9 o’clock, juSt as he was entering his office (Messrs. Moore and Co.’s), he received some information from two of his servants, which cinsed him to retrace his steps home­wards. On turning into Beutinck Street by the Esplanade be met tlie defendaiu, who abused him ; he told him not to do so. Defendant ^aid he would at once enter a charge of theft against him, at the same time calHug him a “ thief.” He moved on homewards, followed by the de endant, who kept abnsjng liiui -all the way.

Magistrate to witness,—\Vhat did he tell you, you must be more explicit ?

Defendant.—Out with it, tell the whole thing ; if you cannot do it in Irish, try it in English. I am an Englishman.

Witness coiitimied.-—He called me a *• d— 3 liar” first.Deiendant (inteernpting).— Which lam willing to prove.Witness proceedei. He also called him a thief. He said

he had seen many young meh like me before, and bad put them to .jail, and so would be put him. On reaching home he saw his mother in a fright, got her to dress, and took her to the thannah. He there siwthe defendant, who, on seeing his mother, said to the Inspector, '• This is the woman who stSle my dog.” On 1iis*attempting to speak, defendant said to liim, *• I am charging your mother, not you,” and asked the Inspector to sturn him nut.' While the charge was being entered, defendant sat on a stool, and c dled his mother, ‘•Aa old Irish hag and a thief,” .adding that he knew,her to be thief. - Many more abusive expressions Were made nse of. In regiird to the theft, defendant saiii that his mother had taken the dog out of his house. The defendant raised his hand.

Defendant.— What for,. to wipe the sweat ? ,Witness proceeded. Ilefeadant raised his hand, and said,

he would punch his head. - ' ;Defendant —There is not much trouble in doing that.Witness to Mr. Smith,—In raising' his, hand he showed

his fist.Defendant (clenching a hand) — Y ou ' call that a fist.Witness to Mr. Smith.—He struck at me.Defendant.—I never struck at him. I should have liked

it though. Defendant, on being asked to oross^question the witness, did not do so. He simply observed to the Magis­trate. “ This man ('pointing to witness) is draper’s assistant to Mr. Moore, who was my assistant. What the witness has st iteil is all false.” ' .

luspector Lamondine deposed:He was the luspector of the Witedoo Street Thannah

On Thursday morning last defendant came in there.Defendant.—^Htiid up.?Witness went on t isay that the defendant charged Mrs.

Cambell wi li tho theft of a dog. Mrs. Cambell came in with lier eon about t.wo inimUes after. Defendant, p uiiting to her, said, ” This wo.iian stole my ilog. I sign a charge of theft against her.” While h« (wititess) was entering the charge, some words arose between the defendant and Mrs.. Cainpbed. The former at one time said that the woman had gone to his house, and etoloii: the dog, aud afterwards tliat the dog had gone out to grass, and was taken away. Mis. Oiimpbell lemerked to him that the defendant did not know what he was saying.

Defend.auf.— Precty guess that.The officer proceeded to say that the defendant. addre->sing

Mrs. Campbell said, “ If. I colled yon ,a lady, I would bo wrong.” Mrs. Campbell replied, ” 'And it I called yon a gentleman. I weald be wrong Mr, Catliff said. “ Not if 1 had my breeches down.”

Defendant.— I said trousers, not breeches, please to bo'more particular.

The officer con,tinned to s.ay that be .asked the defendant to cool himself down, when defendant enquired, “ Why is it. too liot for yon ? Uefoodant also ihreotened to knock him down. He took down their respective clurges

W tness to Magistrate.— .Mr. Catliff w.as excited, not drunk.Defendant,—I don’t take brandy .and water. I engaged

this man (witness) as my assistant on a salary of Ks. 150 per montli. iind he now turns against me.

Witness to Magistrate.-—Mrs. Campbell was present throughout at the thannati.This |losed the prosecution. The defendant on being called upon for his defence said :

The dog had gone ont. to have some ginger bread, or some­thing. 'and that was how ho missed it. He adverti.sed the dog in the t<xchamfe., and asked the findir to bring it to him not to keep it til it was called for. But it was kept simply to make a->me money by it ; this was evident from the fact of a rcw-ird being ask-d. Mrs. Caoipbell had said that he was u It a gentlem.an. How did she know it ? Surely he wa-* not a monkey. He toM her he w is as much a geiitlomaii aa her son was only pe- haps not so macli fledged. It must ho rooolleoted tliiit he was a tradesman, and were lie .and' his partner to be disgraced, and, their reputation and busiue.ss injured by a pro-evuH.m til this namre ? He wonM ask the Court to a,ward him compeiisatioii. In regar i to that man Hlessley. who had s epped into the witness box to give evi­dence against h ni, lie had a few tvo-ds to say. One word of that matt’s statement was not to bo believed- S ioli a m itt ought, to be kic'sed dnr of Court. In regard to the abusive latignage compl.ained of. he said, it was- called for-

To the Court,— t have no witnesses, nor have t a soiic tor I don’ t need aiiy.- I can defen,1 myself. I i i-cnit taking my passage to E irope next week on rid-ling nivself of siich niggers, (after a brief pnse). My cousin, Samuel. Motley

is a member of Parliament, and, he can be referred to fo*" my characteri

.The Magistrate observed, that there was not. sufficient, evidence of assault before him, but it was clearly shown thnlr the defend.ant had mads use ofgross|y3 bad, abusive’ and in­sulting language, and that too in presence of a lady. I'he or der of the Court was that the defendant pay a fine of Rs.lOO-

The seutencp was rectaved with cheers, which, howevc. were soon suppressed.

Defendant to Magistrate —Do you want the money now ?Magistrate.-r Certainty.Defen lant here palled Out of his pooket a cheque, which

he flourished about, telling the Magistrate, "Here Is a cheque for Rs 1,006; you ran have the money (Rs.lOOj, bat I will make you pay for it'whan yon call at my shop;”

The Magistrate, it would seem, made nt> re­marks. Comments on the above are superfluous. W e commend the reader to contrast this picture with many othefs, ■which have from time to time ' appeared in the Police reports of Calcutta, in. which Mr. Marsden has had to deal not with , a “ cousin of Mr. Samuel Morley, a member of Parliament,” but with poor natives.

H IN D U M AR R IAG E.x n r . .

H in d u .M arriag e posses-es cortnia peculiari­ties vriiich clearly distinguish it from ' contract.In the first place, tho Saasters have it that every ■ Hindu, who is not actually' weary of wordly life, must enter upon the state of life called grihaathasrama^ or state o f a .house-keeper, ^ u t house-keeping is impossible witliout a wife. Hence, mai'fiage or ta k -. ' ing a wife is an unavoidable obligation, an indispen- Sjible duty, an act which does not depend upon indivi- • dual choice for its accomplishment. This point has been eiitablished so very fully and authoritatively in Pun­dit Eshwara Chunder VidyasagT^ra’s brilliant treatises upon Polygiuny that we do not at all think it neces­sary to suppoit it here with quotations from the Shastei’s. Now entering into a contract i#an act winch in all civilized systems o f jurisprudence is a matter o f iiidividuat choice. There are, indeed, systems o f law prescribing particular methods for framing con­tracts which cannot be departed from, and whose ab­sence. will invalidate a contract. But there is, we think, no system o f law which compels men tg enter into a contract or class o f contracts A,nd when, there- . fore, a systenvof law or ordinances having the force of. law is found making the performance o f an act entirely obligixtory, the most reasonable oonolusion to be dravvn seems to be fliat that system does not regard the act in tlie light of a contract. In the second place, Hindu marriage is ituUssoluble. The husliaud may be able,

-to supersede one wife by anothor ; bnfr that superses­sion does rot mean annulment o f the conjugal relation. That relation is one wlfioli cannot be destroyed eveii- by sale or desertion. Saith Menu :—■

‘ Nftithftrvby sale nor desertion can a wtfc be released fi’om her liushatid: thus we fully noknowledge the law' enacted of oW by the lord of creatures.’ (IX—46). '

And the wife, it is known, absolvedeven by the ileath o f the husband. Read tlie following verses of Menu :—■ ‘ . q

‘ A f.iithffil wifp, wlm wishes toattain in lieiven the mansion of her,lmshahd must do Uething unkind to liim, be he living or dead. * (V—156). , ■

' Lot.ber emaciate her body, by living volantai ily on .pure flowers, roots, and fruit; hut let her not,, when Her lord is deceaseJ even pronouiic.rthe Ti <me ofauotlier ‘man* ’ (V—157)’

‘ Bnt a widow, whf». from a wish to bear ohildi*en, slights her deceased husband inarrying avaln, brin'us di.-graee otr'.her- self h we below and shall he excltuled fl'um the sg.at of her total ’ ( V - 161). ‘ ' .

‘ Issne begotten on a woman b.v-nny other than Uer husband ie hero ^eoler.'d to he no pritgeiiy of hers; no more Kianat child begoiten on the wife of another mnn h'eloags to the hegc ter . tier is a second husband ntiowed hi any part of i.hrscotle.toit virtuous woniiinL-..(Y-I62) ■ Him, to whom her father has givej^Jieixor her brother with the patert;al as.sent, let her obs-’qiuously honor, while he lives ; andj ivheii he dies, let her uever neglect him’ (V -151). ' .......• .____

These ordinances enjoin upon a woiufiri; ^tfe-l'm g devotion to a single huslmnd, and by represetitmg her" ’ wife-hood as something which cannot snfier extitto.tiou even by the death o f her hiisbanil, compel us to re­gard wife-hood as a thing essentUilly different fihm the tie which, springing from oamtvact, is necessarily bro­ken, at least upon the death of pne of tlie contracting parties. It is true that these precepts dq not make i~ it Compulsory, upon a widow to remain ufiuTai’ried, their sole imrport being "that a widqw w;hp'doesi’e- inain unmarrieil achieves o f great inerit. ■ 'Bui they* certainly imply that there can be fidelity on the part of the wife even after the, death of'the husband And this means that the tie which hinds woinan to ninn siu’vivt'.s deat'i—a statement, which would he wholly absurd if it were, made with reference to the tie whicn , springs from contract. And this is-a considennoh which goes very, far to sujiport tlih view wo' liave taken of Hindu marriage, viz, that it is not a con­tract, lint however one Tnight tliin ; of the )>osition of the Hindu wif . .after the death of her.liusbautl, there, c.m he no doubt that, so long .as her hmshand livos.iiotliiiig on earth can dissolve ihe tie.which binds her to him. But if lliiidu m irri.age had beeu a con-

'0 8 T H E H 1 N D 0 0 P A T R 1 0 T , [F e b r u a r y 8, 1875.

tract, there must have been -a con.sideration on the partof the wife to make it binding- upon her, and any failure ,of that consideration would certainly have entitled her to withdraw from the contract.

W e have seen th.at Hindu marriage is not a con­tract. What it is then ? W e will try to answer this question.

Acconling to the Hindu Shasters there are four stivtes o f life, those— namely,of a student,a house-keep-

’ er an an'cliorite and a religious mendicant. O f these, the state o f a househeept r is the one in which •'ll 1' '® four great castes— Brahmins, Kshatryas, Vaisyas and Sudras are entitled to live- How living as a house­keeper means living for certain religious and chiU’i- table putj)ose.s, such as the performance o f domestic I'&ligions duties,of ceitaiii sacraments and of the duties o f liosi>itality, and the procreation of male issue for discharging the debt due to ancestors: But these du-

. ties cannot be performed by a man who lias not taken a wife— witness the following verses i

“ Let,the housekeeper perform domestic religious rites, iv|ib the nnptinl fire, according to -law, and the ceremonies of' llie five great sacraments, and the several acts which inhst day by day bo performed.” "(Menu, Chapter III.

G7.i ‘ Thc housekeeper must not consider as an a mere

:||sitor of tiie same town, a Brahmin, who attends him on i jBtsiness, even though he come to the house, where his wife

4wclls, and where his fires are kindled.’ (Menu. III. 103).' “• A mail, aged thirty years, may marry a girl of twelve, 'he fiml one dear to his heart; or a mail of Iweutyfour

fears, a damsel of eight: hut, il he finish hU s'ndentship artier, and the duties Aw next order wouM otherwise

be impeded, ■iet him marry immediately.’ (Menu IX. 94).- ‘ The duties connected-.with the state of a hoUso-keepoi

_lc»nnot be pe. formed without a wife, esptoially by Bralrniins Tlicreforo, by all means, marry a faultless girl.’ (Knsyapo ill Madanna parijala. quoted by Pundit Kaliwara Chundor Vidya.«a.'ara.>iii his sciiond treatise on Polygamy).

Thus the necessity for a wife consists in the incapa­city’ o f nifln as man to perform ' the duties o f religion and charity. A man without a wife is an incom phtte and imperfect being totally incapable o f ac- com\)lishing his destiny.. And it is only by his taking a wife that his moral position acquires that perfec­tion and coniiileteness which enable him to work-out the grand purpose of human life. This is clearly explained by Alenn in the following verse .•— ■

11. ^.W hich, in GiiJIiica /Uiafta’s comnientdiy, stands

iJiiis ;—‘ So lorg ns man docs not get a wife and procreate

children, he lemaius incomplete. And as soon as he gets a wife .111(1 {H-i crc.itts chi'divii l e becomes wliole.’

Or, as Sir William ones ha.s it .•—‘ 1 hen only is a man perfeht, when lie consists of </tree

persons nnihd, his wife, himscif, and his son &c.’. Thus niau, before his inairiage, is n o t one entire

lieing, but a beiiig with, as it- were, a gap or void whicirf cannot be tilled up without woman. And consequently woman joined to man Las no separate ot inde|iendent nioral existoiice, her whole moral life being placed under the leadership o f the latter. This, too, is clearly indicated in Menu ;—

‘ No sacrifice is allowed to wemen apart from (heir -.husbands, no religious rite, no fasting s as far only as a w’ ife

honours her lord, so far rlie is exalted in heaven.’ (V . 165)How well do the words o f the divine bard apply

to the Hindu lutsband at d the Hindu wife—- '‘ He for God, she for God in hitn’ !And the tiieovy of Hindu Marriage is precisely

what it should be where -such a conception prevails. Man, Alone and.by h'tmself, is an imperfect creature— a u^ral half,one-third, one-fourtli,anything but..ONE 01’ W H O LE . He must have.'therefore, something to complete himself— scniiething to add to the fl-actiou lie represents in order to make himselt an integer or

• one'entire whole. And this something must be Aw. But jieilher o f two persons-standing towards each other in the rrlation.of contracting parties can be the iitoper.ty of the other. And nothing which is not pro()erty can be one’s own Now, woman, ac­cording to the Hindu shasters, is one o f the things which man wants to make himself whole. Man must, thei-efore, make womatt his projierty in order to itccoa plish this object. But.woman would not be pro­perty if she remained one o f two contracting parties. Hence the Hindu makes waman bis property by ineaus o f gift and acceptniice. This is the yfrst step in the ceremony of marriage, but it cannot be .the oidy step. Property arising put o f gift and acceptance is nothing more or less than property in a chattel. But man i-equires woman for the sake o f completing bis moral ami religious nature ; and this could not be done if woman were nothing better than a chattel. Hence the m cessity for what Kaghunundan calls an a.auokika sangskara or a. mystical and superhuman ceremony of purification. By undergoing thi.-i cere-

■ mony woman is mysteriously converted into a being infinitely superior to, and generically different from,

a chattel. Tliis ceremony is a sacratiient, and it constitutes the second essential element in the cere­mony o f niarriaga Marriage accordingly consists of an act and a sacrament. 'I'he act is done by tlie man ; tlie sa6rament is received by the woman. But why does man take a raysteiiously purified and mys­teriously elevated woman ? Because, imperfect as he is, he cannot otherwise accomplish his destiny as a human being. To him, therefore, marriage, which means taking a mysteriously puritiiil woman, is a mysterious sacrament - And woman is one mystery within aiiotiier. By all means let her remain such !

DISESTABLISHM ENT OF TH E IN D IA N CH U RCH .

( From a Lay Missionary.)

NoTHrSG coul(l he more mischievous and' dei’oga- tory to the British name and prestige in India tlian the maintenance by the British Government of the ecclesiastical establishment in the country. The Government is fully alive to tbe inexpediency of introducing the instruction o f the Bible into Go­vernment Schools, but cannot perceive the impro- piiety, or i-atliev injustice of sup[>orting a body o f priests of but a single section o f one o f liiany of tlie coiritmmities o f India, the several interests o f which latter they are bound* to attend to and jiromote with even-handed justice and equity. To be persis­tent in wilfully and arbitrarily following out the foolish jiolicy o f draining the public exchequer for tlie jirincely support of a handlul of .pastors o f an infinitesimal portion of the fhd ’ ii population i^to be guilty of tlie most gross and flagrant piece of injustice it is possible-for man to coixJiive.

When the Government o f India was transferred to the Crown in 1858, Her Majesty’s Proclamation, which is rightly reckoned the Magna Chaiti . f rVidia, conferred equal rigiits and privileges on all subjects o f the British Crown, without reference to creed, color, or caste, and yet the self-same Goverii- m enf scruples not to manifest rank parti.ility to an iiisignificant section o f but a single nationality in India. Who can for a moment In sitiite to give his unqualified assent to tlie truth o f the above state­ment? For how is the British Government justi­fied in maintaining the clergy of one section of the English comimiui.fcy in preference to that of aiiotlier ? Nay, we w.mltl go still further and ask with equal truth and propriety— How does it seek to be j'li.slified in supporting the priesthood o f one section o f the Eul'0]jean coinnumity in preference to that o f liio Hindu community? W e challenge 'any statesman, whether English or Indian, satis­factorily or even with a shew o f reason, to answer these questions? It would be simply absurd and therefore imiiossible to evade the force of the argu­ment o f the extreme injustice o f the measure adopt­ed by Government under discussion. Nor is the stun ex)iended nnnu.ally by Government on the Indian Ecclesiastical .Dejiartinent a mere trifle that might be suffered to pass unnoticed, but it borders close u|»on £1900,000 oi considerably ra retlian nine- teen-lakbs o f rupees,— a large slice out o f the annual revenues o f the Empire, which might with great advantiige be applied" to the material development o f the resources o f a thoroughly insufficiently irri­gated and cultivated country, pericKlically .visited by dire and extensive famines. Important and weighty as the arguments for tbe Disestablishment of tbe English Church in Englatid'lire, those fertile Dist'stablisliment o f the same Church in India ate equally so, though the general public does not think.so from want o f knowledge and information on the subject. To do justice to the ' discus.-ion of the latter subject would be to occupy a great deal more space than we can possibly afford to devote, but we shall as briefly and pithily as possible, just content ourselves with giving the gist o f the numer­ous arguments that can be brought forward ifi sup­port o f the Disestablishment o f the Anglictin Church in English territory.

Most people o f the English Oimreb, it is well known, are in tbe habit o f looking witli extreme dissatisfacti n and even nveisiou on the proposed Dise.stablishipent of that C hurch; but there are otliers o f the same Church who liail with joy ami delight the takii g place .o f such an event. It "is o f course' natural that peo))le. tiiorougbly ignorant o f the principles of Church authority or Govern: ment,— and the great iiiajoriiy of tliem are o f this stamp— should entertain the gloomiest notions of tbe disestablishment scheme. I t is with the view o f removing these doubts and dispelling these fears as far as we are able, from tbe minds o f . unbiassed seekers after truth that we have undertaken to say a fevv words on the topic under consideration. A.s for endeavouring to convince stubbornly prejudiced

this subject, lieiUier ourselves iibr anjminds on

body else would attempt the task, remembering the truthful and very forcible adage ;—

“ ConTUicfe ft mftn ng:iinst his will,And he .’ ill be of the snme opinion still ”

Men in general are great votarLs for the worth and potency of u hat is called “ private judgment and there are but a handful of men in the world who are fully alive to the fact that “ private judg­ment ” is one of the mdst illusory and unsafe props to rest upon in questions o f difficulty tiiat it is j)Os- sible for man to conceive. When it i) remembered that hardly two men can be found who will agree on the self-same point in the most ordinary questions of life, and particularly in questions of somewhat difficult import, what value are we justified in attach­ing to untrustworthy anti deceptive private judg­ment? Though we do not mean to say that “ private judgment” is utterly useless in religions questions we strenuously maintain that it is very seldom serviceable, and cannot as a general rule, by any means be safely trusted. ' So far from being au infallible help in difficult religious questions it gener­ally proves itself to be lamentably fallible. A s every one knows the Church o( Eiigbmd was established by King Henry V III and is only about three and a h^lf Gentries old. It is an off-.shoot o f ore of tbe two great branches of tbe “ One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Clmrcli of Clirist, to wit, the Western or Romaki Catholic.” The otlier great branch of the Cathol’ c Chtu'cb is the Eastern or Greek Church. The Church of England like the Russian Church is but a State Cliurcb, and can by no means be called a Catholic Clmrcb, siiu-e, instead of being governed, like the Catliolic Churches by the United Episco­pate lias a temporal Sovereign at its bead. Neither the founder of (.Christianity nor liis Apostles ever enunciated the princijile o f a temporary Sovereignty for administering the spiritual affairs of laymen, for, bad this been the case the founder of (Christianity would have spoken of temporal rulei-s as suptrioiv, spiritually speaking, to liis Apostles, whereas there cannot be the slightest tendency traced to such a doctrine in those inculcirted by him All that Cbristiaiiitji’s Founder and his Apostles have enjoined is tbe duty of all men to render tribute and implicit obedience to and |irayer.s on behalf o f earthly i ’ o- tentates, but nothing further. Besides is it not op­posed to reason- and common sense to,acknowledge the bead ship o f ft temporal sovereign over God’s spiritu­al heritage ? The Apostles and tlu ir successors the Bi-hops were ordained Ijy Clii ist as (he heads o f his Church, and both the Epistles and the Revelation most uneqivocally and ex|)ticitly confirm this fact. Besides what is tlio origin o f the Engl'ish Chuich ? The vicious propensitie.s o f a most licentious and ungodlj’ ruler ; for tliese propensities, as every b.idy knows, were the sole cause nf the disruption o f the English from the lioniaii Catliolic Church, llen iy V I I I in liis wonted arbitrary manner, regardless o f

^pjritual advice from the Episcopate or even of sciip- ture teaching all o f a sudden constituted himself both the temporal and spiritual bead o f his subjects. People who have not read o f tbe fundamental princi­ples of Church authority or Government can hardly be oxjiected to be fully conscious o f tbe force o f onr .arguments; but if they will not refer to the writ­ings of tlie immediate succes.-ors o f the Ajiostles for coiToboration and cotifirn.ntton o f our views, the New Testament it.self will amply Suffice to cniivince them o f the fact that the iinited Episcopate, and this alone call scriptuKiilly be tlie true niediitm o f Church au­thority.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the Anglican Churcli, wliether in England or India, should not for a day longer bo Mifferredj(to exist as a State Church, which- can only be effected by its disestabliulmient o r ‘ entire severance'from the State. The benefits accniing fronij such severance will be immense.- The dise.stablislinient o f "the English ( hnrch will no doitUt cause the secession o f a fair body of both clergy and laity to other Churches; but the wondrous iniprovement that it will effect ill tbe life and preaching o f Pastors will soon cause her to regain her former adherents and render her the most aggressive and prosperous Church in England. But we are not near so much concerned about the disestablisliment o f tbe Angli­can Cliurcb in England as in India. We have addu­ced lugumeiits IVom the soiiptnres o f the Christians simply to rentier the more bigotted and stubborn among them more suscejilible o f looking upon the project in question with more eqnaciinity and calmness than is their wont. For, if they be convinced 6f the unscriptural, and, therefore, unwarraiitablo foundation on which tiieir Church is built viz. on the head ship o f a temporal Sovereign instead o f on that of tlio Uni fed Episcopate, they will with much greater frankness and readiness admit the de.-irabi- lity of tha disestablishment o f their Church from the State. But apart from all considerations o f the

F e b r u a r y 1875.] T H E H I N D O O P A T R I O T ,

(lisestablisUmeiit taking place from a , Script,ural Yiolnt of view, we- strenuously urge the alrsolute necessity o f the English. Church .Etrsestablisliment in this country as speedily as prscticilde h>r the

/very obvious and conclusiv'e reasons that we have .already assigned. The maintenance of the Ecclesias­tical Department is a stigma and a foul stain on the character and prestige of British authority and rule in India, the coutinuaiice of which would be diametrically opposed alike to . the dictates o f common sense as to the fundamental ]>rinciples o f practical wisdom. The sooner, therefore, disestab- lislim^nt o f the English Church in India t ikes place the bett-r for the prosperity o f, both the-Governors and the Governed.

spirit, music both instrumental and - vocal by Professor Moula Bux which as unjial wasexceD lent, nastaraag by Babu Kaliprosunno Bannerjea, which excited great curiosity, and tableuv representing a few Indian J Ragm, accompanied with music by Professor Mowla Bux, After the performances were over the guests sat to a sumptu­ous supper. N ot the lba"st attractive part of the entertainment was the courtesy and amiableness of the noble host. For our part we feel thankful to Raja Jotendromohun Tagore for so worthily re­presenting the native community by entertaining the Viceroy and his distinguished guest, the late Under-Secretary of State for India.

i s r ^ w n

I t a e e o s c s us great pleasure to he able te announce that the first volume of B ibu Rijendra- lala Mikra’s long looked^for Antiquities- of Orissa will be out next week. It was delayed so ,long in consequence of the difiiculties experienced in getting the plates ready.

W e h &\.r that Sir W illiam Herscbell w'ill come to Hooghly as Maglstrate-Collectoy in suc­cession to M!r. Pallev. H e likes 'to stay near Cilcntta, and has therefore given up the Gooch Bshar Commissionership.

F o r t h e f ir s t time the Ruler of Tranvancore has paid a visit to the capital of the Indian E m ­pire. His Highness has come not, as is erroneously supposed, ou a political errand. H e has come to redeem a pledge which he gave His Excellency the Viceroy last year. H is Highness’ stay will be short— about a week more. H e has been accompa­nied by bis Minister Mr. Sjishia Shastri, one o f the shrewdest and cleverest native gentlemen we hare come across. His Highness is a good Eng­lish scholar, very intelligent and well-informed, and possessed of amiable and winning manners. H is Highness was received yesterday with great eclat by Raja Harendra Krishna Bahadur.

W e h a v e r e c e iv e d an extra number of Mookerjee’s M igazhie containing . an opportune article ou Travancoce, entitled Might vrs. Right or the cripainal jurisdiction of the Travancore State over European British subjects. The article is an able vindication of the Travancore State on the subject under discussion. I t is power­fully ' reasoned and enriched wjth extracts from oflScial correspondence' on the subject which will amply repay perusal.

S ir R ic h a r d T e .\ip l e bids fair to bs a patron of Vernacular literature. On Friday last H is Honor invited to an Evening Party selected Beng ili authors residing in Calcutta. , The list •of authors furnished was evidently defective, for ■ there were several names omitted which ought not to have been omitted. About , thirty native gentlemen were present, who were intro­duced to H is Honor, and with whom he had pleasant talk for about an hour and a half H is kindness and affability made great im­pression upon those present. It is not Often we find a ruler,, svho sympathizes with men who r eign in the republic- of letters. Litera­ture is generally neglected or looked down upon by representatives of the State, but we hope the attention which Sir Richard Temple seems to be

-desirous o f bsstuwing upon indegenous literature will result in substantial encouragement.

T h e e n t e r t a in m e n t given by Raja Jotendro Mohun Tagore Bahadur last Monday evening was a great success. H is Excellency the Viceroy honor­ed the occasion with his august presence. There were present among others,the H on’ble MissBaring, Mr. Grant Duff, M. P. Sir W illiam and Lady Muir, the Hon’ble Ashley Eden, Mr. Schalch, ;Hr. Dampier, Mr. Stuart Hogg, Mr. Frederic Hogg, Mr. Chapman, Colonel Thullier, Mr. Kennedy, the whole Vice-regal Staf^ and several, other ladies and gentlemen. The street and; the house were grandly Illuminated and the' latter most tastefully decorated. O f the amuse-' anents there were a few scenes from the classic dr%ma, Malati Madava, represented with great

W e h a v e read with great pain the report of a criminal trial in the Court of Mr. W . R. Davis, Deputy Magistrate, Alipore. Babu Sasipada Banerjea, the reformer of Barahanagore, .w as arraigned before the Deputy Magistrate for de­faming Babu Utoolkristo Bose, Secretary to the Barahanagore Municipality, Honorary Magistrate, and medical practitionbr. The libel was admit­ted And the author of it certainljr deserved punishment. But when an ample apology had been made, And when the defendant’s counsel intimated that his client Was prepared to make such further apology, which the Court might direct, the Deputy Magistrate, we submit, ought to have taken into consideration these extenuating circumstances. "Kie^ends of justice, we hold, would have been met, if a heavy fine had been imposed instead of thfee months’ rigorous imprisonment in addition to a fine o f Rs. 500. The position of the defendant and his general good character ought to have received due consideration. An appeal lies to the Sessions Judge of the district, and the prisoner, we are glad to learn, has been released on bail.

L ord N o r t h b r o o k has shewn a most generous consideration for Sir Jarasetjee Jeejeebhoy’s fami­ly. His Lordship has permitted a bill to be introduced with a view to assist it in its present difficulties. Mr. Ellis introduced the Bill in the following term s:

Ta 133S ill re3-)st liti >11 oI ths libsrality, aii.l loy.iUy of Sir .letnsaij •« .Jfliij i.i'ih )>•, liar Majesty ootiferra 1 luin a Baro­netcy. till iirat hereUtary iionm ever bestinveil upon » Native ofinlia. Sir .lamsefcjee was then very we.altby, but saw the possibility of a reverse of fortune, and to provide against it, nnd anxious ta secure a s-iitalile msintenance for the fuinre Baronets, he desire l to settle a siirticient rmn oil the B.aro- netey, a wish wiiieh w.as reailily leapomied to by the Govern­ment. He accordingl.v oiitorel into ap engagement, but died before legal effact could bo givan to his ivislies. Snbseqneiitly Act X X of 1830 of the Legislative Council of the Governor- Ge’ieral was passe 1 to carry oiit the arrang'»ment. The Act created a trust and vested in the trust 'OS a pi-operty known as Mazagon Cas'le, and a'sti Goveriiiiient Promissory Notes prodneiiig an inte eat of £10,000 a ye.ar. In 1863-4 Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeeblioy’s family haootue mi.xed up in those spe­culative trans.aetioiis which rained so many of the leading families of Bombay. The share of the present baronet in the.se tiansaotioiia was small, but he was Called on t> meet demands on other members of the family, and thU led io embarrassment. He has cleared off mncli ^ the >lcbt, but there remained some foiir-and-a-half lakhs. He therefore applied 'o Government for a loan, offering to give up a por­tion of his ineo lie for a certain term of years, to pay off that loan. This application was stroiiirly supported hy the Govenimenr of Bombay, and similar considerations to those which induced tlie original grant to the Baronetcy.indnced the Government to agree to afford this relief to a mpeh resiiecied and highly inflaeotiiil family. Hnt tliere was one condition which it was cs.sential to observe, that in granting the relief applied for, there shoidd l>e no.risk whatever of any loss to the public. The property is inalienalile under Act XX. of I860, nnd in order to -furnish adequate security, for the repayment of a sum wliich the Government were asked to artyanee, it became necessary to resort to legislation, in order to nialie available tlie funds which had been vested in iha trustees. The sum reqiir. d is a loan of four-and-a-half lakhs of rupees. To provide this it is" propos'd to set aside 40,000 rupees annually for a period of 17 years whieji ,wdl p ry off all the principal with interest at 5 percent. Th'-re will be no loss to 'be public, and ample security will he afforded by the bill, as the G"vernment.will have legal power to deduct annually from the sum vested in the trnstee.s. the 40,000 rupees required to pay off the interest and principal.

The Jeejeebhoy family is distinguished alike for its loyalty and liberality, and the, considera­tion shewn by the Viceroy is in keeping with that large-hearted sympathy, which marks H is Excellency’s administration.

T h e O r ie n t a l S e m in a r y , the oldest ■ Native School in Calcutta, we may say in Bengal, cele­brated with great eclat its forty-fourth anniversary on Saturday last, Mr. Justice Phear presiding. The flower of Native Society was gathered on the occasioa, which was also honored by Mr. Grant Duff M. P. Raja Komulkrishna Bahadur, the

President of the Managing Committee- o f the institution, opened the proceedings with a few happily chosen words. Mr. Justice Phear, the Chairman, next distributed prizes to the most distinguished students of the >Seminary. H e then' favoured the assembly with some remarks, l ie deprecated cramming, and warned, the students against the dishonest course which that system unfortunately fostered. Here was a hint for the University authorities, 'which we trust will receive their due attention. H e then dwelt upon the literary vices of University graduates, and exhorted the students to .avoid that style o f . English composition, which now passes under the name of " Babu-English.” H e condemned severely the attitude which certain native critics had assum­ed towards Messrs.-Rowe and W ebb for expo.sing the defects in style and idiom committed by the younger generation of Native writers. H e heild up the example of one of the critics uho had jr insisted that his idiom was correct when' he bad, _written, “ the lamb lay fully stretched under the tree.” Such a lapse in idiom the speaker said>' no Englishman with far less education than tho^;; critic himself would commit. W hile paying a ' just tribute of praise to the present class of, native judicial officers for general education, legal attainments, judicial acumen, and high character, he said that in their judgments th e^ sometimes committed gross and ridiculous errors of idiom.- From one judgment which came before'him in appeal on that day he gave some amusing ex­amples. The Munsif had w ritte n ^ " he could not make head or tail of a the beast of a Butwara”- — the “ appellate Judge could not apparently understand the concatenated fra u d ” &c. The hints were well-meant and useful, but we doubt whether •the remarks iriade were quite in good taste. After the Chairman’s address the boys performed several gymnastic feats with great agility, skill and. su e -, cess. Mr. Grant Duff, who was a silent spectator all the while, was heard to say whether' the imita­tion of English acrobatic performances was a healthy mode of physical exercise, inasmuch as they did not develppe the muscles, and were attended with risk to the person. For bur part we are inclined to think l^at our ancient mode of wrestling is more hbalthfuL The interesting ceremony was concluded with an announcement from the chair of a dbnation of Rs. 200J'rbm His Highness the Maharaja of Travancore for dis­tribution among the most meritorious competi­tors in the gymuastic exercises, which ivas re­ceived with loud cheers.

O u r su g g e stio n last week for the amalgama­tion, of Father Lafont’s proposition for a spectros­copic observatory with Dr. Sircar’s projected Science Asseciation has elicited the following letters; -

Dear Sir ,—I am very thaiiktiil to you l)r -the euconrage-. meot given iu your lost isAae to my project of a sjiectrosBopie observatory. I must however .say that I cannot agree witii you, as to the advisability of giving access to it to other - ohservei-s or to the piib'io. The delicate iiitture of the work to be carried on prevents possibility of doing so, and tlie privacy of the college and its in nates wonlil also be interfered with.

As to the see ind part of yotir suggestion, I think it ox- iremeiy desirablj! that a seooml instrument beset it|i by Dr. Sircar's Science Assoei.ation : this would cnha.noe the,, value,, of my own results, by fnrulshiug more data, and both obsei- viitions might thus check each other’ s rcsnlts.

-I take this opportunity to remark that, though I am longing to.see a begiQuing m.ade to my friend’s Sei-ne* Asso­ciation, ,T cannot hut appDve of his prnilent proernstination. Seeing that.as much as Rs. '.0.000 arc necessary for carry­ing out a small p.art only of his scheme in one p.rticular branch of study, It would be folly to start, witlio it heing .sure of a much larger sum th.an even the h.andsomo figure publi.sbed by you at tlie end of your pniier. t quite agree' with you that the talouteil and energetic Doctor miglit v test tlie good will of his contributors and set about some­thing tangible, just to give th .m an idea of what ha iateiids, doing, it money is fortlieoming.

Yours siiicertily,E. Lavokt, s. j . ■

Sir —Witii reference to your suggestion Ito eounoct Dr- .Sir­car’s Science Association with Fatiiar Lafont’s proposed Spec­troscopic observatory, it strikes mo that the latter had better stand alone. Dr. Siixmr’s prejoet, to the extreme regret of all interested in it, is very likely to end in words, f t was indeed hardly cxpeeteii to bo otherwiao, notwithstanding tlie able head.from which it emanated and.the strong hands which, had undertaken its nurture.' Humanly speaking it is destmed to follow the fate of many other similar grand and noble but nnaccomplished projects of onr countrymen.

We have. Sir, already a Slim of 60,000 iu the subscription- list, a sum ^Mife adequate according to competent to make a fnir nnd respectable start towards establishing the Association. It will fiot d •, Sir, to wait until the people learu-to appreciate the idea and flock to its support. The public most first be pratically shewu its utility and success, uod thenr und opty then,'will they contriW e to maintain

70 T H E H I N D O O P A T R I O T [F f b r u a r y 8, 1875.

the IiwUturion. It is all vci'j well to .talk of settiag out with the most eoraple_‘ o sot of apparattis, .suitably ami inda-

■•penilently looated in ^accorjaiice with the most approved appliances; blit, Sir, it should lie remembered that Rome was not built in a day. The Royal Society of Bagland was in its origin the assembly of a few earnest men meeting al dernately in each other's house. Tlieu it is manifestly imprac­ticable under the circumstances to grasp the entire domain of knowledge in the programme of a,n infant Science Association. Take one department of Science, say physics, at the outset and go on expanding the field of view with tlie growth of funds and the influx of workers^

It is thus only, perh ips that the proposed Association Can ever be a fa it aaeompli and I believe every reasonable man will endorse the truth of the above. Of course the learned projector may have his own notions about the matter, and it would surely be impertinent in one to S.ay that he is wrong, It is however elisar that really earnest men may well despair of having any chance of help, such as the AesOoiation alone nmuM have amply .supplied, towards working in the cause of Science and the country'nnless a beginning be made.

It is therefore desirable that Spectroscopoey shonld be left to the sole care of father Lafont if any good is likely to be do rived from it.. It is bur just honever that if the observatory

.-*is to be erected at public expense, the competent public A sho^d be Allowed every opp wt unity to utilise it ; and your l^ ljjlt 'ks on this point must command the approval .of every ' le^ n ab le man.

1 trust .1 have given no offence by my observations w io M le talented projector of the Science Association. Indeed

1 jfcld to none in my roganl, nay, veneration for Dr, Sir- calwor his noble efforts to further the jtause of humanity and

..iwience. It is only my desire to see something practical .at once, which has borne me along to sneb an inexcus-

length. I hope however all that I hare said will be leii in good part by all wiioin it may concern.

■ • Yours faithfully.> (?.

~ ^ r c K N 0 IV i; i; d g m e n t s .

MOFOislL SDBSCRimOMS Bs. As. P.Patrick Smith Esq., Katlee......1...................... I8 .S 0Barriely City, Library ....................................... 13 4 0KasaVa B.upnjee Bal E.sq., Hydrab.ad ................. 13 4 0Moiilvio Abdoor Roheem, Pandoeah.... 1................ 10 0 0R^y DbuiiputfSiugh Balindunr Asiingunge.......... 18 4 0Bhoopiitty JIbhnn GIro.at, Eyzhbad..................... 13 4 0,Afoulvie Roheeni Khan, Kham Bahadoor, LaliSre 13 4 0Baboo Dwarkaoers id, Etawali............................ 10 0 0

,,. Jogi'shohmuler Roy, Gowalparnh.......... 5 0 0SoonderLal. Cawnporo.......................... 1 3 0Uamchumler Bhoomic, Jnip'gorce.......... 30 12 0

,, Dwarkanath Das, Bankiporo... ............... 6 0 0., Banymadlmb Bauorjoc, Bancuorah............. 20 0 0., , llajKisliore Narrcn, Sewan....................... 8 12 0,, N ilrsrtton .M ook erjee f-W ooloa ....... 13 4 0,, Dabiperaiid, Doomkn................ '. ... .......... 0 10 0„ Issaachuuder.BsneiieaiL-Hardur .......... . . 1 3 4 0,, Gobindnioliuii Ghoje, Berhampore.......... 20 0 0,, Tiirnn'kiiath Singh, Lucknow'............. 10 0 0,, Soorjocoomar O.angnly, Onitnek.......... 2 8 0

. „ . Mohond-oivalh Bose, Mottecharee...... 13 4 0„ ' .Saroopohunder. Hnscrill), Bnrdwan ......... V 4 4

. I, „ • A.nundmohim^Mosoomdar, Jesanre......... 2 0 , 0 0., , Wo'lmiighariiu Mnokcrjoo, Beorbhoom . .. . 0 10 0„ Gubindehuiider. Das.. Basporc.................... 10 0 0,, ■ PooriHichtamlcr Mookorjec, Boglmwlie... 6 10 0„ Tarrucknath Ghosc, Cliampanognre ..... 6 10 0

ERU.VrA.Read E. C. Shaumngavelic Vil'.ay Esq., Mysore

' lo Rs. 4ans. in lieu of . ................................ 15 0 0Prosumiochnuder Uagchcc, Ramporc Beaii- liah in lien of llnngpore Bcanlinh.............. 10 0 0

will have effect from/the 2nd Noveipbcr last, the d.ute on which Mr. 11. iMiispr.ait’s services were placed at the dis­posal of the Goveffimeiitof India in the Hoiiie Department.

F/ie \st Febrnary_ 1875.—Mr. Edmund Weldon Moiony, Commissioner of Rajshahye, is allowed subsidi.ary leave for a period not cxceeoding lliirty (Lays, with effect frem the Loth March 1873, or nay siich'siibseqiiont day as be may avail himself of it, to enab'e him to proceed on furlough.

Mr George Toynbee, Acting Secret.ary to the Board of Revenue, is allowed subsidiary .leave f o ra period not ex­ceeding thirly days, with effect from llth February 1875, to enable him to proceed on furloavth.

Mr. Samuel Simpson Junes Assistant Magistrate and Collector, Moorshednimd, is transferred to Sbnhabad.

Mr. Arthur Wcekos, M. A., is appointed to act, until fur­ther ordeis, as Magistrate and Collector of Hooghly, with effect from the 12lii Eebliiary next.

Mr. Daniel Waller McMullen Testro, Acting Joint-Magis­trate and Dejinty Colleelor, Bankoora, is tarnsferred to Bnrdwan.

The services of Lieutenant R. H. K. Ross, K. A., employ­ed on famine relief operations, are replaced at the disposal of the Government of India in, the Military Department, with effect from the 31st December 1874.

The. 2nd Ffbruary 1875;— Baboo Poorna Chuntfer Ghoae, DepiiTy Magistrate and Deputy Collector, Dacca, on leave, is appointed to be a Deputy Magistrate and Collector in East Tirhoot.

Baboo Ohunder Dhusun Cbnckerbutty, Tbesilder of the Darjeeling Terai, is vested with the powers of a Deputy Col­lector.

Baboo Dwa^ka Porshad, Sub-Deputy Collector, Behnr, >s allowed leave without pay fora period of four months with efi'ect from the date on which bo availed himself of it in anti- cipaiioiLof sanction.

Baboo Jndmiath Sircar is appointed to be temporarily a Sub-Deputy Colloetor of the Second Grade at Behar, during (;be iilisenoe, on leave, of Baboo Dwarka Persliad or until further orders.

Mr. Ernest St. George Kaye, Acting Deputy Magistrate and Deputy Collector, 24-Pcrgunnahs, is posted to the Sudder Station of Nnddea.

Police. — The 2%th‘January 1875.—The arders of the 12th- January 1875 granting to Major William Wheeler llnme, j District Superintendent of Police, Bogra, piiviloge leave for two months and appointing Mr. H. W . J. Bamber to act Icr him are cancelled.

The 2Qth Janvnry 1875.—Mr. W. J. Kilby. Acting Dis­trict, Superintendent of Police, is.allowed subsidiary leave for a perital not exceeding thirty days, with effect from 2Gth October 1874, to enable him to join his app(>intracnt on his return from furlough.

T O A P P E A R N E X T -W E E KTHE FIRST VOLUME OF

THE ANTIQUITIES OF OEISSA,BY

RAJENDRALALA MITRA.C O N T E N T S .

ORIENTALg o vI e S m e n t se c u r it y

LIFE a s s u r a n c e COrVlPANY,1! y LIMITED,

Tor N A T IV E and, EUROPEAN Life Aesiirance, in TW ELVE Different Form-i. on New. Sound and Popular. Prineiplee. A T MORE FAVOURABLE RATES TITAN VAN BE OBTAINED FROM A N Y OTHER COM­P A N Y . .

(ioue'mmciit |Ioti|iptiaiis.(lalciitta February i, 1875.

G enerxl.— The VI th January 1875.— Baboo Bhubuneshur -Datt, Siiia-Uaputy, Oolle: or reco.itly employed under the HatVv.i Raj, is ail jwp 1 leave of absence for three months, nil'.cr Section 21, CK piej V l o f th ■ Civil Leave Code.

CaiTtaiii Will .-im Hopkins jn,.\ct ng Cantonment Magistrate, Dinapore, IS allowed Wave lor three luonths’ under Section

■ Bl, U>ipler V I of the Civil lOavo Code, with effect from thedate on which he may be rel eve<i of his present duties by Gplonel J' Emo'son. '■' 7’Ae 28fA J.taw,(i)vy 1875.— In supersession o f the orders o f

the Ibtli January 1875. Mr. Fleetwood' Hugo Pellew. Magis­trate and Collector o f Hooghly, is allowed subsidiary leave for aperiod not e.^^eceding tlioty. days, with effect, from the 12.h Feb. uary ui xt, or sue . date on which he may be relieved, to enable him t ) proceed ou furlough.

Colonel J nines Show Dai i> s, J udicialiCommissioner of Chota Nagpore, is allowed leave for one month, under Section 21, Chajiter V 1 of the Civil Leave Code, ib extension of the leave granted to him liuder orders, of the l2th Deevmher 1874.

' The ‘2'iih January 1875.—Mr. William Sutherland Wells is appointed to .act,. until further orders as Magistrate and

■ Collector of the ,24-PergffunaliS. 'v; Mr. Frederick W ycr is appointed''o act as Magistrate and ; v C •U !ct ir <>:' P.ire.'d,loro diu'i ig the absence, on duly, of Mr.

Wells, or until farther ordeis.- Mr. Robert Fu ton llampini, B A„ is appointed to act ns

. Magisti-a o ami Colleeto,' of Fnrecdpoi o till the .arrival of Mr. AAVyer, or until lurther orders. _ r

' Mr. Li) as Burnett Blacker King, c.s., on leave is ap- . 'pointed to net, ittitil turtberorders, as Magistrate and Col- ' 'lectiir of .MaldaJi.

Mr. -H 'bsjt JJron Riciiardsoo, e.s., is allowed siibsidinry Ic.'ive f<)r tpijr(lavs, with elfeef from the 15lh January 1875, to eri.abloiliUi to nijohi his appointment on his tv turn from

• frlrloHgli.''- The app. liritmoirts (if-Miv Thom.as Bruce Lauo aiid Mr.‘ Herbert John Itcyaio a.i, lo be .“ ecretaries to the Board of■ Reveime, in the Itepartraeat of Xiand Keveniic, and in the Department of Ojflnui, Oastotns, aniL Excise -respectively, as notified in the CoiicMfto G(tse<fe of th e '23 rd DecenAer 1874 (

H E A D O F F I C E B O M B A Y .

lioAup OP Direction.CuMROOBESN Tyebjee, Eeq , S(dicitor, Chiarman.

' IIAGHOOKATH Nau.vTEN KhotE, Esq., Merchant. « PiifiiozESiiAvv M. Mehta, E-q., m.a.. Banister-at-Law.~ JehAnqeeb Pit'sroilJEE, Modi. Esq , Merchant.

Maiiiiger aiirt Actuary—D. McLtuichlan Slater, Esq., f.i.a

F or I’rospectuses, Forms of Prosposal, Shares, and Agencies, ajiply tq

H. M. MEHTA,63, Ezra Street ' Agent in Calcutta. (53)

' I ' 'V

i'ii.t R t s s i n * ' ^ 1 5 5 ^.3' ■siY-

JtTU c^ 'fw .?i?r d - K’5ifi'Hr.?i cf.'l'Yftfgg

'5s a jft$(T?«i ?i ffK fS sRf?-

■q(3 ft3 '\ 5 ^ f3 ^T'-STf

' ‘ c*l S iivcy tsil. ^tsrt i^Ssi .^|s.

c:i:?nr®i5 vw

itSTTlAJ C35r^'iS^lt;;3%g TjiSH@ 855^7? 3 '5i:'«fr.w iTitVlsrus? si^f^ , .

IiUraductiou—Orissa, its name boundary, early notices in Sanskrit, Greek and Dersian antlio.-os.

Part I. Chapter 1.— Indian architeiture, its history, division and cUara.-ter.

Chapter II.—Temple architecture,—Orissa, Jain and Ben- gali temnles, their oliaraeteristii-s.

Chapter III.—.Architectural details, foundations, piers, p,il- lars, plasters, roofs, towers, spires, 'finials, cornices, mouldings, niches and sonlptnres. '

Chapter W .—State of civilisation auioiig. the ancientUrialia dedncible from their scnlptnres. Cloth, dress, ornaments, furpiture, horse, and elephant triippiiigs, cars, waggons, arras armour, flags, musical instruments, &o. >

Chapter V.—Religon, Buddhism, Seraism, and Vaish- nnv'sm.

Pari If.— Chapter 1.— Antiquities of Khandagiri. Rock- cut Gives of Uday.igiri : caves, temples and tanks of Khanda- siri.

Chnptev IX. —"Hie temples ami tanks of Bbi'V.lue.svara. Chapter III.—Temples and sacred places of Puri and its

neighlionrh'iod.Chapter IV.— Black Pagodn, Kenarak- C'/(0/><er V .—Antiquities of Cuttack Di rp.an. Alii, JajepiCr

and Balasore. «The work, which will extend to abont'.SfO pages folio, will

be profusely illustrated with photograplis, lithographs, and wood cuts. (of) '

~ NOTICE. ^Wanted for (5 months (there is every likehood o f

the vacancy being permanently filled np) a Head Mas'er for the Kriahnaghnr Anglo-VeTnacular School on a salary of 80 lbs. a month. Prefevenco will he given to one who has passed the M,. A. degree examination and has also some experience in teaching. Applications with testimonials ai“e to be sent to the tindersigned at once.

R A I JO D U N A TH R A I BAH ADU R., . Krishnaghur,

The f)th Fehrumy \%1 . , (58)

^ niGEOGRAP^OF INDIA.I n'clddi.vg the R esults of tiie last Census?,

\2mo'. 58/»/>. Gannas.Sold by M. J. Uerripk, 10, Hare Street, Calcutta.

■ - . ...I. SHAW.

w h o l e s a l e ; A N D PvETAJL W /N E 'MEIIGITANI'S.

Importers"a«»l General Healers.13-4 Kmambo/iigh Lane, Calcutta.

Beg rpsjiec'tfnliy to' announce to tlift public of Calcutta and the MOfusSU that they alwaj’S hold an extensive slock o f \Viues, ' Alalt Liquors and Spirits, and that tliCir rate? are extremely moderate. Tiify invite particular attention to a recent con- signinont o f Brandy o f very superior quality from, the enterpri.sing Arm of Mesers. Eschenaiir & Co., Paris. .Price list to bo forwarded on applioatibh. .

tide Indian Daily Ffews.Retail Prices' ' ,

per bottle B r a iu l ie s Fer d(5xen.Rs. Alls. . ' R.s. A ns.

1 10 F.solie.nanv & Co.’s, Brandy ... 19 ,,2 13 Exshivw’s, No. 1 (wired) ... 321 7 Ditto, No 2 „ . ... 171 15' J.aines Hnnuessy’s (One Star) 22 '2 8 ,, ,, ('i’ll ree Star) 28

Jamaica Rum1 8 Swaiiie Boord’s ... 17

,1 ' 7 Crabiiie’s Fine old ... IG" *6*orts

34,& ,0. White’s (old delicate) 25

- ' t (56)

s08

00

4G0

13744

(7)

Ditto in pints ... 15) 0Bnrgnndy’s (Invalid Boi't) 23 9P>oliertson Bros. 20 0Page’s ... 16 0Oflley’s ... 14 0Pine Old Port (Black Seal), is of deep rich color, sweet, and posse.S.sed of full flavour. A [dca.sant wine, can be strongly recqminonded for Pic Nio and

Wedding jiartios - ... 13 0Hosselle /

Sparkling MoseUe quarts ,i. 25 0lloclts ' „

Sparkling H'>ck . .. 23 0Tevmoiitli -

Noilty Partt’s ■ . . . 13Italian. Vermouth of Turin . .. 14.

Beer.J. Atkin quat ts 4

' D i t t o d i t t o , pints 3Stnht

Guinness’s Dublin Stout, bottled by E. and J. Burke,

quarts _ 5^

8’ 1

88

F e b ru ar y 8, 1875.] T H E H i n d o o p a t r i o t . 7 1

D R . B . L . G H O S E ’ SCslebrated fain Killer.*

All who have used this invaluable ^medicine, attest in strong terms to its wonderful efficacy, in cheeking 3)11 sorts of inflammation’ and preventing them from rniining on into absces.s. A few drops if taken suffi­ciently early will not only remove incipient abscess, boils, pain in the gums, earache, inuinps, sorethroat, swelling of tire glands about the .neck, chin, a.Yilla, gro in and other parts, but take away the.fever accom­panying them and even arrest the progress of those most formidable diseases Erysipelus and Cai bundle.. In offering it therefore to the public, it is needless to say, that by obviating the necessity of the use of the knife in most eases in which it is now employed the Pain Killer will supply a desideratum deeply felt l*y-alp classes of people'aiid remove an opprobriuiu hitherto attnclied to the art of surgery.

Price 8 anrute per phial Postage annas 4 extra.D b. B. L. GHOSE’S

Compound Concentrated Essence of Chiretta,Gulancba and Khetpapra. •

The febrifuge antibllious and tonic properties of these, drugs, being highly esteemed and generally appreciated it is too much to say, that the Compound •Concentrated Essence, which from the mode of its preparation presents those properties in an enbaneed degt'eh, possesses rare efiicacy in checking all sorts i)f fevfr either, attended on or not with enlargements of the liver and spleen, obviating the tendency to relapses produced by the injudicious use of Quinine, regnlAting the, functions of the hepatia organ, re- •moviiig jaundice, constipation and piles, promoting digestion and giving tone tothe system.pKtCK Rs. l-4r-0 PRB PHIAL POSTAOB ANNAS 8 EXTRA.

Above preparations to be had at the Suburban Medical Hall No. 85, Rusapagla Road, Bliowani- pore, at the Native Medical Hall No. 14fl Fowzdaree Balakhana, and at Bahu Nursing Persad Dutt No. 125, 'Kliongraputty Street, Calcutta. (28)

By appointment.T o His HiGHNfiss TiiK MAHARA.I.\H DHEEUAJ

OF^BURBW AN.

C. K. SEN ^ CO.,KOBIRAJ DRUGGISTS AND CHEMISTS.

N ative M edical HallN o. 146 Lower Ckitpore Road^ Fouzdaree

Balakhana. Calcutta.

C . K . SEN & CO.’S *jDantashoihaar Chuma or celeirated Dentifriet.

The regular use of this powder is sure to cure all nliseases of the gums,'cures •alceratioH, prevents hieed- t'lig, sweetens tim breath, perfectly cleanses the teeth of tartar and all other noxious matters and Tenders them pearl white.

Priceper Box 8 Annas. Postage ^c., 4 As.C . K . SEN & CO.'S

Sudhansu Draba or Good CompleaAon.It clears the face from all kinds of pimples, makes

the skill soft and smooth and reMders tlie complexion tair and beautiful. It removes freckles, prikl y heat and itching eruptions.

P riceper Bottle 12 Annas. Postage ^e., 6 As.C. K. SEN. ^ CO.’S

Kuntalabrishga or World-famed Hat RttLo errr.The regular use of this invaluable oil n ost certain­

ly cures baldness and prevents the hair from falling •off or turning prematurely grey. It cures diseases of 'the head and brain and strengthens weak and tailing jpyesigfat. It possesses a very sweet odour.

Price per Bottle Be. i . Postage Ac.t 6 As.C . K . SEN & CO.’S

Superior & Genuine Makaradhwaja.TliLs is one of the most potent medicines of tlie

Hindu Pharwacopeea, never fails to produce tire most •■satislactoi'v results in cases of debility from .whatever 'cause arising seminal, .- comtitiational or otherwise. It acts like a charin in typhus or typhoid fevers chro- nic diavrlicea, hahitwal, ('onstipatioii gleet, gonorrhoea, apermatorrlicea fenmle coinpl.aints after delivery, weak- iiess of the brain from excessive meivtal labor and in all 'Complaints to whidi the persons of sedentary habits are especially subject,

JPrice l grains per Bupee-or Its. 2 i per Polah.Postage A As.

All the above preparatione are perfectly iniw'cuons and may be taken by persons of all sexes and ages vvi-Hi perfwt safety.

B inod L al S en K o b ir a j , ?(27) Manager,

The Original Hardware Establishment of, India.

T. K. THOMSON 1 GO.,9, ESPLANADE ROW, CALCUTTA-

IMPORTERS OFSellers’ Patent Bolt and Nut Screwing

Machines-1st Sizp— Will Screw Bolts ami Tap Nuts from J-incli to

1-iiich dirtHieter, incUuling 7 sets Dies and Sc^w Taps Jaws for hoUVmg Nuts ami Taps, Driving A^nratus ami a set ot Screw Master Taps of the above sizes 1,875

2ml Size— will Screw Bolts and Tap Nuts, from i-lncli to l|*lnch dlaii.eter, including Die» andTaps, JaWs for holding Nuts ami Taps, Driving Apparatus ami Master Taps complete ... ............... ... Ki, 2,500

3rdS 'ze—Will Screw Bolts and Tap Nuts, froiu j-inch to 2«itich diameter, iucludimr eleven sets Dies am\ eleven Taps, Jaws for liohliiig Nuts and Taps. Driviuo Appa­ratus and eleven MastesrTaps of the ahove sizes lls< 2^625

Plaiiing Machines.No. 0— Plmiiiig Mnohiiie, to plane 2* 6 "x 0" Rs. 1,200

„ 1—Pinning Jliictiiiio. to pliine 2 '6 'X 1'6" X I ' 0" „ 1,280 „ 2— Planing Miicliiue, to plane 3' 6" x 2' 0" x P 6" „ 1,800

Slotting Macliiiies-'New pattern Slotting Macliine, l-iiicli stroke, to take in

24-incli Oiameter Us, 020

CAlCnTTl91i, BOWBAZIB STRBET.

DR. H. C. SARMA’ SC elebrated.

Medicine fo r Behility (nt^ous.)

Brought on by indulgence in irregular habits Dffeots of previous diseases, loss of, power of limbs, weakness or loss of memory, absent-miiided- n6ss, irritable temper, disposition of the mind to displeasflre at -trifles, want of attention towards busines!i, despair at finding no relief from, treatment &c. &o. <&d. . ”

Price with postage Ae. R». 5.Particulars of disease and directions for despatch

required from patients residing at a distance.

Dk. SARM A’ S FEE.

In cases of Debility (nervous) Rs. 16 per visit. luFor advice at Home................. Rs. 10 „ ; „ j Toms ‘

_‘Out of Town Rs. 500 per Daj'.

No. 1—Slotting Mjcolitne, n'llmits 3 foet iliameter, and cuts 6 indies deep, dtted witli coinpound TrausverFeSlides ... ^ ..........................' .............. Rs. 1,200

No. 2—Slotting Miiclilne, ndmlts 3 feet diameter, nnd cuts 8 indies deep, fitted with Transverse Slides and Revolving Table, self-acting or by band ... Rs. 1,560

Shaping Machines.No. 1—Sbaping Macliine adapted for flat work, fitted

iv'tli Rising Table and Moveable Vice:, Top Driving Apparatus and Spanners, complete, will plane 12" x 4" Us. 780

No. 2—Shaping Machine, Donble ns No. l.botli Nos.1 and 2 HI every useful for great variety ofsinall work, will plane 12" X 4“ Rs. 1,220

No. 3—Sbaping Madiine will plane external carves up to 10-incli riidiiis.seli-acting teed motion for horizon. lal ami circular cuts; fitted witli conical MaiidriU, Parallel Vice,Top Driving ApparjtusandScrew Key, will plane 18" X 6" t, Rs. 1,220

10 per cent discount off the above price fo r cash. (54)

JUST PUBLISHED.

J 0 6 ES C h d n d r a B a n e r j t , & C o .,

Canning Library.Calcutta, hh, College Street, (41)

Just PublishedTHE REGISTRhTrOH AND STAMP MANUAL,

COSTAINIHG

THE INDIAN REGISTRATION ACT, 1871 ;

With Abstracts of Decided Cases and Notes on Procedure; Table of Fees; Revised Rules framed under the Act fur Bengal ; Rules for Transliteitition ; List of Districts, Sub-Districts, and Thanahs, List of Districts and Sub-Districts, N , W . P .; Circular's on Riutvl Offices, &c. Also the General Stamp Act, 11S69, with Ab.stracts of all Notifications of the Government o f' India relating to Stamps and with a full Index to the -wjiole. By T. F. B IG N O L !', Esq., B. A. Officiating Inspector-General o f Regis­tration, Bengal. Thos. S. Smith, CITY PRESS, 12, Bcntink, Street, Calcutta. iPrice, Es. 7 ; with pack ing and postage, Rs. 7-8, Interleaved copies, Rs. 8 and by post R.s. 9. '• (34)

VACCINATION.R esidents N o r th op L alt, B azab ,

Sliould apply to,B.vbit K ali,y D ass B osk,

Supt. o f Vaccination.No. 144, M.micktulla Street, Simla.

Those South of Lall Bazar, should apply to,B abu K asst Ch g n d e r D utt ,

Supt. o f Vaccination,No. 12, Pttddopooknr Lane,

. ' Chnekerbere,, Bhowmiipore.T. EDM ONDSTON CHARLES, M .D.,

Supt. Genl. o f Vaccination.0aleullal\(\ Harrington Street,'S

The 21th January \S7 . j (-50)

The best remedy for Headache nrtsii^ from over, study, intellectual occupation, over-thinking, mental anxiety and weakness, as well as heat of head from liring'in hot places.

It cools the head and produces very agreeable ■ sen­sation. Removes Dandriff ns well as all other iinpuri- tiesjrom the head. Promotes tlie.strengUi and growth of the hair and prevents its premature fcdlqwing off.

Price per 4 ounce phial..Postage &c. ...........

Re. 1 6 0 o je 0D e. H . C. S A R M A ’S

MBRHIINE FOR LEPROSY,Price with IPostage Ae. Rs. 5.

DR. H . C. SARM A’S t-

OIL FOR INVETERATB SKIN niESAflBl ANO LEPROSY.

Price per 8 ounce phial Postage &o. ,' —

8s. 2 0 G ■„ Q 12 0 ;

DR. H. C. SA R M A ’S '

C E LE B R A T E D IN D IA N

Toirtli P'owder- , *Strengthens loose teeth, alleviates pain of, and

preven'ts bleeding from Gums, cleanses the mnutlr, corrects, its pntrid odour and (snrea (ilceration of the Gums without blackeuiiig the Teetlr-

Price per packet ... ... ... R s .0 ,,4 0Postage &c., for 4 packets „ 0 6 0

Dr. H. C. SaRMA'S

’ HAIR PRESERVCRW ill restore greg hair to. Us original oolour.

It acts directly npoTi the roots of tlie^ Imir, renioveiB dandriff, prevents premature falli>*g-ttff of the hair, and promotes its growth and Ctrengta giving it Lustre and Health of Youth..

It also produces a cooling and sootliiiig edfeet ttpon - ’ the head. - . ... *: --

Price, for 4 ounce phial Prietaga &c.................

Re. I 0 ft „ 0 10 0Copy of Letter received from ClwuideruatU

Rev Balvndoor of Nattore..Wellesley Street No AS Motts Lane 29lh March 1874

M i Dear H ubeksh BabU,— I shall thank you to send me another phial of your “ Excellent HUr Restorer.” in fa,ct it has done me a great benefit and 1 sliould like to Irave more of it. I t has disabused me ('yoaug as I Htn) of oW age. r

Your’s Sincerely00) C. N. ofifelfore.'

T H E H I N D O O P A T R I O T . [F ebr u ar y 8 , 1875.

■ 7=T '-

GOLD ANDfSILVER WATCHES.

CATALOGUES,WITH

Designs and prices of Watches.GiTtNo rutL Inioriution as to Construction

M A Y BE o b t a i n e d ON APPLICATIO N .

TO

VESSRS. HIHILTOR & CO.■ , *■

tUoei Jfahera; JaaeUers and SUver-SmUha,

IN O R D IN A R Y

IXCELIiENOY THE VICEROY 9F INDIA;

C A L C U T T A

li Oold Himtine Watches moyeinent/rom Rs. 300 to 600.

EnglislP Silver Hunting Watches LevePtaioveaient from 75 to 300.

Hamilton & ,Cp. Heaire to draw particular atten­tion to a grand assortment.of Gold Guard and Albert Chainy, manufactured of Jibe'best gold, which has been specialfy indented for from their Loudon Firm for this sAtson.

Tlitf patterns are quite new some'of them being very beautiful and they have all been moderately priced »to encourage business.

An early inspection is respectfully solicited.

' H A M IL T pN <fc CO.,

Jewellers & Silver Smiths,

' • In Ordinary,(9) To His ’Excellency tite Viceroy, Calcutta.

R E T U R N EM IGRANTS FROM T R IN ID A D fWEST IN D IES. .

ie', ship “ G^n^i's’ ^•om Trinidad with returne n ii^ iA s ^ eit^e^d 'tb'ah'fve in thfe Port of Cal­cutta about the end* of. February [STbi Part of the emigrants’ savings (Rs. 100,133-7-8) has been lodged by''direction of the Trinidad Governinont in the OrieistalBank in anticipation of their arrival. Pub­lished for the information of relatives and those whom it may concern.

; R obert W . S. M itchell.(48) Government Emigration Agent Jor Trinidad.,

S U B S C R IP T IO N S I N A ID O F D R . S IR C A R ’S S C IE N C E A S S O C IA T IO N .

•■'Rb. ■inrani Snrnomoie, Cossim Bazar .................; ... 8,OO0llighiitBS the Maharajah of'Pattiallah... ... ... .d,000ble Dwarka Nath OMiUer ... ... ... ... 4,000ijpykisseo Mookerjea ... ................................. l.OOO

KiimiUa Itrishiia Bahadoor .......... .1................ 2,000jo Dpgiimber Mitter ..C ... .......... ... 1,000licishwara Chunder Vidyasagara ... ... ... 1,0001 Joteendro Mofmn Tagore .................. ........... 2,5000 Jogeshw.ar Singh and Brothers... .................. 1,000PnnvBy of 'Wellington Square ........................ 1,000o Dijendnannt'h T agoro„...................... . ... ... 1,000

Gooneridratiath- Tagore' .......... ... ... 1,000Janukenath MoOkerJea, Boinchee ... ... ... 2,000 Dwark Nath Mitter, Sreekiasenpore ... ... 1,000Uniiotla Bersad Baneijee.,’ ......... ... ... 1,()00Jndniaal MuUiok ................. ................. 1,600

Coomar Grish Chunder Singh and minors, PaikparuhRaj family ... ........ . ................ , ... ... 2,000

Baboo llomeah Chunder Mitter, Pleader H. C. ... 1,000llon ’ ble Anuonl-Chunder .Mookerjea ... .......... 2 ^ 0jd.aboo Msliesh Chunder Chowd.ry. pleader H. C. ... 1,TO0

„ Kalimolmu Dass, Pleader High Court ;.......... 1,000Siirji Coomar Snrbadhicarry ......... ... ... 1,000

, Jogendro Chunder Roy .............................. 1,000Rreerrtnt'ty Darimba Devi widow o f the lafe.sabuGohiiid Pershad Pundit, Rnneegunge........................ 1.000Baboo Jogendra Narnin Glinse .............................. . l,0nO

„ .' Raklvtl Chunder Roy, Zemindar Lakotea ... 1 000,. Jogenilra Chunder Ghose Kiddei pore ........... 1,000„ Kallyprosuho G hose...................................... 1,000,» Mohini Mohnn R<y. Pleader High Court ... 1,000

DiVMohendra Lah Sirear, 3f. n........ .;........ ... l.i.00

(12) . • -

>*1

Total Rs.............. .................... 50.000■ I . ■ . ■ ■ ■■

j.-q :i < r t : > T x o E .

H&mopbpRthic Practice of A1 edicine,in Bengalee, B y’ BshSry ta ll Bhadury Vol. I . Part 1st (to be pnbliahed^in Series) Price Rs. 1-4 Postage 2 ' annas.

.» To be had at No. 34,

: . (13) . ' Cornwallis’ Street.

\

of the work

R«. As.... 2 0... 2 8... 7 8... 1 14... 1 14.. 4 6... 1 14... 6 14.. 6 4... 1 14... 3 2... 1 14... 1 14.. 0 10... 2 8... X 4... 3 2.. 0 lo... 4 6... 3. 2... 15 0... 17 8... 6 14... 1 14.. 2 8... 6 14... 11 14... 1 10... 3 2... 3 12

UST OF BOOKS FOR SALEA T THE L I BE A R T OF THE

ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL.Ho. 67, Park Street.

Just Published'SO. 8, Vo. I I TPart I. o f the

■ ' NOTICES OF SANSKRl MSS.BY

BABU RAJENDftALALA MITBA.

Published under orders o f the Oovernment o f Bengal,This is a ^scriptive catalogue of rays Sanskrit works

found in Bengal, and gives tlie contents o iu detail, both in English and Sanskrit, ^

Price 1 Re, per number

Ros;’ Annals ofOman '■Rig Veda Sanhita, 4 fasci ' ..,Uttara Naishadlis, 12 fasci Chaltanya Chandrodayn, Nataka 8 fasci...'Vnsava<h)ta; 3 fasci Markaiideya Purana, 7 fasci Eamanilaki, 3 fasciSrsuta Sutra, Asvalayanna, 11 faici . . .

— Latyann 16 fasci Sankara vijayn, 3 fusci Ifaisheahikn Darsann 6 fasai Nynyn Dnrsana, 3 fasci ...Dasa Rnpn, 3 fiisci Sandily a Sutra, 1 fasciculus Narada Pnnehnratra, 4 fasci Eaushitaki Brnliraauopuishsd, 2 fasci ..n Knvyndarsii, 5 fasci Ssnkhyysara, 1 fasciculus Brihat Sanhita, 7 fasci Lnlitavistars, 5 fasci Taittiriya Brahinsii, 24 fasci)Taittiriya Saulutn, 28 fasci Taittiriya Arniiyaka, 11 fasci Mnitri Upnnishad, 3 fasci Asvalnynna Qrihya Sutra, 4 fasci Mimausa Dsrsana, 1011 as fasci Tandya Brahmaiia, 19 fusci Qopatha Brahman, 2 fasci •••Atharvana Upanishad 5 fusci Agiii Purana, 6 fasci Sama Veda, 9 fasci Gopal Tapani, fasci 12 as I Nrisiiiha Tapani, 3 fasci Chatnrvargn Chiiitainani. 11 fasci Gobhillya Qrihya Sutru, 6 fasci Piiigala Chhauda Sutra, 3 disci Taittiriya Pratisakhiya, 3 fasci ..Prithiraj Basu by Chnnd Bardai fnsci 2...RajataranginiMnhahhnvata vols 3rd and 4th Purana Sangraha ...Anargha Uaphava Pali Grammar, 2 fasci Rajatarnngini, Frenoli Edition 2 vols ..Brihat Aranyaka Upanishad,English, 3 fasci.Clihimdogy Upanishad, English 3 fasef...Taittiriya Ac., Upanishnds, Englisli 2 fasci.Siddlianta Siroimini, English 2 fasci Sniikhya Aphorisms, English 2 fnsci ..Snhityn Dnrpniia, English 8 fnsci ,,i Brahma Sntra, English Dictionary of Technical Terms, 20 fnsci...Risalnli-i-Shamsliyynh 'Fihrist Tnsi) 4 fssci . . 'Nnkhhat-vtl-Fikr ...Fntnh-ul-Shnm Wnqidl, 9 foset- -Piituh-ul-Shsm, Ismail, 4 fasci ...Mnghnzi of Waqldi, 6 fusci ...Snyuti’s Itqnn, 10 fasci- ... 'Biogniphicnl Dictionary, 25 fasci Tiirikh Finiz Slmhi, 9 fnsci ...Tnrikh-i-Baihnki, 9 fnsci . . ..Muntakhnb nl TnWarikh volsl, 2 nml 3...Mnas'ri Almngiri 6 fnsci ... .Wis o Itninin, 5 fasciTuhqat-i.Nnciri, 5 fnsci . ...Iqbnlnninali i Jehangiri 3 fasci Alaingiriminnh 13 fnsci Padislnihnamah, 19 fasci Muntnkhab ul Lnlmh, 19 fasci Ain-i-Akhari, 16 fasci Fnrliang-i-Riishidi, 12 fnsci Khirad namnh Iskandari, 2 fnsci Pntnwa-i-Almngiri, vols.. 2, 3,Khazaimt-nl-ilinShnrayat-ul-Islam ...Allis ul MushniTihin Iiinya, vol 2, 3 and 4 each Ain Akbari jEiiglish 7 fasci “ Talinqat i Nnciri Eng- Fas.6 ... ■One complete set of tire Journal Asiatic Society ol Bengal np to 1870Journal of the Asiatic .Societ y of Bengal from'vol.

XII. for 1842 to vol. XXXVI. 1867 except vols,23,24 nnd 29 prices as per title page.’

AsiaticUesenrehes vols. VII. to X ll , And vols,XVII. to XX. enoli

81014

... 6 14

... 3 12 - . I 14 ... I 14 . . . 1 4. . 4 0.. 40 0

111

14i11I111

2513

0444 ,

14 4 4

. 4 4

14 0 0 4 0

0 10 6 10. 2

3. 8 . 19 ,. 5 .. 5 .. 9

8 2 0 0

10 10 6

8 12 3 2

214

2

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CALCU TTA M O N D A Y, F E B R U A R Y 8, 1875.

THE KKISHNAGAU COLLEGE.—o—

Proceedings in connection with the re-establishraent of the third and foiwth-year ooilege classes of the Kcishuagar College.

' Proceedings of a public meeting held in tire hall ofi;he ‘'Krishnagru* Gollege- on ;Saturilay, January 23, .at 12 noon : Mr. H. 0.. Bichiirdson C.S., Civil and Sessions Judge

• of Nudiya, presiding.It was proposed by Babu Shyainadhaba Eai, seconded

by Babu Uam Tonu L'ahiri, that Mr. Richardson do take the chair. Carried.

Mr. Richardson then called on Mr. Stevens, Magistrate and Collector, to explain the objects of the meeting.

Mr. Stevens read the circular that had been circulated in the district to call this meeting. Re then stated amidst loud cheers that His Honor the Lieutenaut-Q-overnor had oon.=ent- ed to modify the terms on which he had originally offered to recommend the re-establishment of the B.A., classes in thfij College to the following extbnt; (1) That a lump sum of Rs. 75pOO only be now demanded from local contributions ; (2) that a further guarantee of Rs. 3,000 annually be demand- e.l only for five years, and that all fees collected in the new classes be counted towards this annual payment of Rs. 3,000 (3,1 that all moneys now raised may be kept in the hands of trustees appqinted by the subscribers as an Endowment Eund. Mr. Stevens then proceeded to say that the necessity for the restoration of the B.A., classes in the Krishnagar Col­lege was well known to every one present, as many of them were even more familiur with the circumstances of the case than he was himself. The restoration had been petitioned for. not only by the leading men of the district, but also by the students o f theCollege and Collegiate School; and they all knew the difficulties that were now thrown in the w.iy of the youths of the district who wished to complete their Uni­versity education. It was often said that the people ought to help to educate themselves by founding and supporting lower schools : and ^low a grand opportunity offered for the

' upper and richer classes shewing a good example to those be­low them by coming; forwitrd liberaU.y with subscriptions to meet half-way the generous offers of His Honor the Lieute- Uiint-Governor, and to aid in restoring to the district the advantage of a College affording instruction up to the highest standard.

Baba Raj Krishna Rai Chaudhri, the Deputy luspeotor of Schools, followed with a similar explanation of the ob­jects of the meeting in Bengali.

The Chairman then called upon Me. Lethbridge, th® Principal of the College, to address the meeting. Mr. Loth" bridge commenced by quoting the memorial that had been presented by the inhabitants of the Zilla of Nadia, and the remarks of His Honor the Lieutenant-Governor -upon it e and he proceeded to show, in considerable detail, that the state­ments of the^memorialista were more than justified by the facts of the ease. He first dwelt on the etpenses and the moral risks iimirred by those students of the district whose parents or guardians were able and willing to send their sons to Calcutta to take the B.A, degree from the Presidency College. Not only are the fees higher in the Metropolitan College, the expense of mere board and lodging in Calcutta

• is formidable j and to large imnibers of promising youths jblie academical c iraer is altogether cat short by these obsta-c es. But he (the spoaker) would lay far greater stress on the' moral risks and social temptations to which Were exposed those more fortunate stniUiits whose means enabled them to pro­ceed to Calcutta. Here most of the students were compara­tively within easy reach of the wholesome influences of home, of domestic life, and of parental supervision ; and even of the rest, nearly all had relatives or family friends resident in the neighbourhood. Whose presence served to maintain ranch of the wholesome home iuflnenee. In Calcutta all this is lost, whilst the temptations that beset the young men aro Vastly ‘ increased, and that at a most critical period of their lives. The speaker went on t« offer detailed statistics to show that the netcntlon o f a first-class College in Nadia would be justified by the past success of the Krishnagar Col­lege and by its future promise. Its suceess in the University Examinations daring the years immediately preceding the redactions were shown to have been far greater than that of any other College. In 1S69--70 it had passed as many B.A.’s as any other Mofusal Colleges put together, and as many in the first division as all the other MofasalColleges put together; whilst in the PirstArtsExamiuation it had passed nearly twice as many candidates in-the first division as all the other Mufa- sal Colleges put together. It had risen to be the largest of the Mujpsal Colleges except Hughli,nnd its numbers had increased steadily and ooiitiuuously. The statement of the figures was received with loud and repeated cheering, which was redoubled when Mr, Lethbridge went on to show that the iastitntlon still retained its old elasticity and power of ex-

f punslon nuder favourable circiimstanoes, by announcing that the numbers had increased, since the visit of His Honor the Lieutenant-Governor in September last, from 271 to 345. The speaker then a Iverted briefly to the cost of the College, and siiowed tha , under the reductions of 1872, ab nit ona.-£onrth of the cost of the Oojlege h.ad been saved,but by the ibss of about three-fourths of the students, and these for the most part are now compelled to relinquish their University studies altogether. Mr. Lethbrhlge next alluded to the m my dis­tinguished men who had received their cducatiou in the College, and sketched the history of the institution from the time of Lord Minto in 1811, when its foundation was first mooted. He quoted the eloquent appeal of Lord Minto to ttlfe zemindars issued on t'lat o 'Oaslon, and showed that at a subsequent period under Loid Hardinge that appeal, had been nobly responded to by the fathers and grandfathers of the gentlemen now' present. He read a part of the subsorip- tioa-iist then formed, aal concluded by pointing out the

vast national importance of the scheme now on foot, and by urging the wealthy and enlightened gentlemen of- Nadia and the snrrouuding districts to emulate the example of their ancestors, and to show their patriotism and public spirit by subscribing liberally to the good cause.

Mr. Lethbridge resumed his seat &iAidst deafening applause.

The 1st resolution to the following effect was moved by Babu Prosunno Coomar Bose M. A. and B, L. and seconded l?y Babu Mretunjoy Roy.

That this meeting desires to acknowledge the kindness shewn by His Honour the Lieutenant Governor in taking into consideration the memorials presented to Jiim on the occasion of his visit to this Town and in expressing l is desire to reopen the two College classes.

The 2nd resolution was iSved by Rai Jodnnath Bahad]}T. Before he laid before the meeting, he addressed the audi­ence in Bengali, a translation of which, as furnished by the speaker himself, is herewith annexed.

G entlemen,:^ I think it needful at the outset to draw your attention to one or-tivo points that deserve careful consideration.

1st. Whether the restoration of the 3rd year and 4th year College classes is really wanted and secondly^whether or not it would be in our power to collect so large an amount of subscription as Rs 75,000 for the purpose.

With regard to the 1st point. I am not sure there are not some amongst us who think with ow late Lieutenant Governor that the re- establishment of these two College classes would be extr^vagenoe when the facility of the Railway communication has shortened the distance of the Presidency ami the Hughli Colleges and that any holly desir­ous of finishing his high education might have ah cas^ access to them ; and that even if we be successful to open these two classes we shall nut find a sufficient number of pnpils to attend them. These arguments, Gentlemen, I think become the rulers of our Province better than us who arfrsub- jeots and who should endeavour their best to secure the great, cst amount of convenience for our improvement and benefit. But apart from such consideration. I think these arguments are not grounded upon truth and that they are erroneous.

•After what Mr. Leithbiidge has said, I need scarcely explain to the meeting that the waat of these two classes has really retarded the progress of education oar District, that there Was a time when the highest two classes were as fully attended as one could wish or expect, and that no guardian or father of a young man could without anxiety remove him from the wholesome influence of education at home, to the allute- ments of a city life where there would'be no one to look after him. Further there .are not many amongst us who could well afford to incur the expenses of eduoating their children in a distant city. I think therefore that the want of these two classes is really felt by all of us and that We should make an attempt to re-establish tiiem.

With regard to the second point I think the subserption of Rs 75,OOj is rather a large amount to collect but I am. not at all hopeless. Certainly we have not wealthy Zemindars or rich merohauts to look up to for large subscriptions, but geu-< tlemeii, I think our resources depend a great deal upoii our determination and will, ralher th.an the amount of pro­perty we actually possess. Property in our districts is much divided and there are majiy 1 hope who will gladly help us" with their few hundreds, Greutlemen, where there is a will there is a way. A dozen petty shop-keepers whoiid in the course of a few weeks collect more than a thousand Rupees to celebrate a Barwaree Poc^ah. This poor town of Krishnai ghur, where w,e cannot count by tens, inhabitants whose in­come exceeds 500 Rs. mouth, can speod the Sum of Rs. 30,000 in a single d.ay on Jhe‘ occasion of the Joogodkalry Pojah. The expense of twn such Poojas will be amply sufficient to crown our endeavours with success. Gentlemeli,! have told you I am not at all hopeless, particularly, when I think that tliis College has for 'so many years sent such a lag& number of brilliant scholars and distinguished students who would doubt­less try their best to lend us their hearty co-operation in this matter, the collection of the sum of Rs. 76,0Dl> would not be at all difficult ; 1 feel that if those who are present in this hall would pay d iwn their months’ iucome the re-establishineut of ooilege classes would be an accomplished fact immediately.

He then read out the resolution to the following effect which was seconded by B.ahu Nafferehunder Bhatta, Snb- Judge Nuddia, in very appropriate terms.

“ 'J'hat an attempt in accordance with the Lieutenant Governor’s wishes be made to collect donations and subscrip­tions from the wealthy inhabitants of this and other dis­tricts with the view to provide funds for reopening the 3rd year and 4th year college classes.” Carried unanimously.

3. The third resolution to the following effect was moved by Babu Prosunnoohandra Eai and seconded by Babu Shu- rendranath P.il Chowdry.

“ That a committee coufi-ting of the following gentlemen be formed with power to add to their number to consider and adopt metisures for securing subscriptions from this and other districts

C. C. Stevens Esq. (Magistrate) Chairman.E Lethbridge'(Trinoip.al) Secretary.H. Richardson Esq. (Judge)Babu Nafferehunder Bhatta (Bub-Judge).The officer in charge of each sub-division,Babu Kadaniath Bauerjea, (Judge Small Cause Court

Krishuaghur iuid Ktiiiaghat).The Judge of Small Cause Courts at Chooadangah.Pandit Ishwarohunder Vidyasagore.Babu Brajanath Mbokerjea.

„ Rrosuunoooomar Rose It. t.,, Eatnehunder Mookerjea, Pleader.„ Prassauaehunder Roy B.L.,, ' Jodunath Cliatterjea b. l.„ Karticchunder Roy.

Rai Jodunath Eai Bahadur, ' 'Babu Niifferchuntdev Pal Chowdry,' • '

„ SurendraniJth Pal Chewdry,',, Suranath Chqwdry. * t

• rfl Heralal Ghosa. .„ Mohineemohnn Roy,',Pleader, Higji Court,

M. Ghose Esq. Bii?ri3eer-at-laW.Babu Juggutohunder Mookerjea. ’ ^

,, Mothurmohun Pal Chowdry. _,, Shyamadhuba Roy. Members.

4th. T|tai fourth resolution to the following' effect was moved by Babu Nufferchunder Pal •Chowdry, a^d , gecouded in very fitting terms by Babu VVomeshohundor Dutha. «

“ That the pommittee appointed Under the last resolution be empowered to appoinV Trustees (sul^ect to the sanction qf Government) to Undertahe the charge of any njoney or moneys which may be collected for the purpose under con­sideration and that on tJxe.Dccurenoe of any vacancy in the number of Trustees the remaining Trustees be empowered to fill up the vacancy and that such appointment be subject to the sauction o f Government. Carried nem con.

The proceedings were brought to a close by Mr. Stevens* proposing a vote of thanks to , the chair. The sabsqjipjipn- bpok was then sent round and Upwards of Rs..l6,500 was rais'ed en the spot.-

... SHYAMADHtriiA R6V,' ' ■ .^ssistant Secretary,

The Krishnaghur CoUege, 23th Jof^uary ISlie' \ - - y.

NOTES OF A BENGALI TRAVELLERS DURING A MONTH’S SOJOURN IN RANGOON.

(Concluded from our last issue.) O. 9. The olimata of Burma is at once temperate and sAlubrioaS

and is perhaps superior to that pf ahy "part of India. The seasons are regular and no pestilence ever visitedihis happy land. The appearance and vigour o f the jiatives, by far the best Criterion, bear ample testimouey to the sainbfity of its climate.

10. The houses in Rangoon Sre, in general, made of wood. The flours are raised some feet above the. ground -which contributes much to. their driness, healthiness and Comfort. One who has not^seen them c.m form no idea of their com* fort and beauty ; they are so light airy and picturesque. Not only .thq. residence of tKe'Chief -Commissioher ^nd tlie public ’buildings but all the houses of the -merchants and high officials are exceedingly elegant struetures.

T1 There are some State prisoners at Rangoon. . The last representative of the House of Timour is there a prisoner at large occupying a handsome house in the. vicinity of the great central jail. He is o f about four and thirty, very iiitelli* gent and well informed. He speaks English a little and -has a thorough knowledge of Arabic and Rersian. He receives 750 Rs. a month and has free quarters ’ allotted to him, fie keeps 3 carriages and one or two saddle horses and a retinue of servants. I paid him several visits and was highly grati* fled with his polished manners and his 1‘erharks On the topics of the day. He remembers those days when he with hiS father-Bahadur Saha (the last Emperor of Delhi) passed the first few years Jafter the mutiny within the precincts of the Rangoon Jail and now referring to his altered sftuation be often sheds tears of joy and gratitude and offers prayers for Mr. Eden to* Whom he is indebted for his present comfort and even comparative luxury. His mother (the ex-empress* dowager) gets a separate pension of ,500-- Rs-. a month and a ■ free house. The prince has liis wife (the jaobr Lady h cs of late turned blind) a daughter of 13 and .a sftn of 8 years old, the latter is very intelligent ^ d speaks English fluently. This boy receives his education at the Rangoon High School and is very proud of a special prize which lie has lately received from the Chief Commissioner for his general profi­ciency and good oonduot,

12 The next in celebrity to the prince of Delhi is prince Hassan, the only surviving .son of the late King of lunan. The siory of this young man has a path in it whieh is seldom surpassed in Romance. Yunau is an extensive country in hina, the fron^er of-which borders on B.armah,and this prince was the heir-apparent to the throiw, Abjut tlTl-Cq years ago, impelled by lutelli^eut oiiriosity Prince. HasS^ proceeded to Europe aud there at the Court b f Her BriC.aniii Majesty as Well as in all centinental Courts he was presented and received with distinction 'I’he* Sultan of Turkey was so pleased with him as to treat him as his son. during lifs Stay at Stambol. On his return from travel, he Was informed at Rangoon, that his oqiwitry had been taken by the Emperor of China and th.at his fathe*r, motherj wife, sister and brother instead of suffering tbomselves to fall into the hands of tlie enemy, put a'period to then existence oiitih taking a cup of poison before the palace Was taken p.issession of. 'Thus oironmstanoed, the Prince Hassan found a friend In Mr. Eden who has settled upon him a ban Isome al owauce, aud he is now a resident of Rangoon j'lhts act of Mr. Eden has raised the British Govornmenc immensely in the e^jjimation* of the natives, the prince bears an exemplary character and often dines wiih the Chief Commissi meiv He has made me a present of several curiosities of China and a photo* graph of his own.

13. I had the honor of being iutroihiced also to the Ambassor from Burmali (then !ij Kau|coon): who-is iiOw in the city. I coii versed with Mm for an, hour through' the medium of an iut rpretof. I wiis given to understand that ha had been iw co to England as au Ambassador .afid seen all parts of Europe. He was extremely polite to me and offered to introduce me to his soVereig-a if I would ever take it into my head to visit Maudal.ay. I saw'in his Hall scores of young Burmese damsels dressed snpeiibly Who bad come to pay him a visit partaking of sherbets ami other delidaoieS spread on a long t iblo. In a side-room, I saw *or#.'al

Digitized with financial assistance from the

on 07 August, 2017

National Archives of India

SUPPLEMENT TO THE HINDOO PATRIOT, FEBRUARY 8, 1875.

b>xes cowi-ed with crimson doth oontaiuiuj{ present for the' Vic.‘i-oy,«f Jiiftia. These was a Jarge ooiicomrso of Burmese on.iltc grounds in front'of-the house to witness a very rich )jr*eiit li'oin tlie’ 'Burmese En\peror for a Temple at Gya

' vrhiifh was rlisplay^d there on a -ta^le under an yawning.> 'They cnUsisted of several golden articles set with jewels.

. U ; i wuaf'rescnt lit the HigU School on the day of tlie -,<iiat,iib!itiou oipriaes. It ^eemed to me a Hall of ajl nations tiEur'pcaiis, Bmjiuese, ijadrassdfes; Guzratis,'Bengalis, and H ’ nilihotanis all pprsuing their studies at this splendid Insti- tiitiou. ’ Tile education imparted ‘here seemed to me a tliorongli and sound one ; and*he improvement made within a very short perRid Was something remarkable, an essay wiSlteu bst a hov-of 13 or 1$In our presenoi within half an hour on u sulyect proposed by the Chie^ Commissioner was .sbeh as-mj|ht well put mai)y of the boys of the Calcutta University to the,'blush. ,

Id. Thp fpumle school, which contains more than 100 i^irls some''of them 15 to 20 years* old. i,da nl30-“doing re­markably well. , The giiai'dians anil parents of the girls evince a great interest in the welfare ot. the Institution,,,

16 With respect to iiionastio schools,iVJr. Hdeii withmu aOterfipting any material alteration of their ordinary mode.pt instruction has-^organized a system of oA-’ cial inspection which wiJJ. exercise a whotesbme influence on

jcducatiofi dmp.'vrWdithere. • ‘The' General, Hospilal is,_ conduoletf admiralily. The'

Idiug iiiiHi ernament to thO‘ town-and overlooks a garden I which' thefe-is a'tnu«eum. There are two Bengalee list mt Snrgeons,->ona’ - English resident' apothecary and

ral native doctors, cpmpftiudars ^e.—Surgeon Major Itlie Jijadriis Semoe’. ia *th9,.0fficer_ supervising the ple«dtaffi * ■ ,

It ij-oulfl be ■e.'cceeding jill reastmable llmifi, if I |e to advert.in detail to all that; has’ beetu'sffepted dn [way of improvement, without fees by 1,h0 "preseiit ef Coraniissiimler'dui'iirg tije last fevir years- His deeds I tl)e theme of _ admiration with all olassos of' p'eopla,. -Eu- Ian and Nhth'e ; a-rukt .spcojn^tent; so syf^atbetib I so befovq^ is. th€eed*Verjf .rarg. Xhs iulisbltanls,, oft ependent Bunhah, sSefn tha contrast j^tigcen tiie arbi-

.;Jrary laws grievions eSactidns, and dj^ressfre fmjiositions ' of the Guyernmeut of Mandalay add (he enlightened and ^Sciieroiis policy prevailing in the Britisli territory, are Hfaily flocking tp British Bur.nah to enjoy the ..privileges e f . ^ Brltishlruie where security of life and property and oiihoura]^igent Jo industrf have'eonverted jheae ill-govern ed priiviuers ints one of the happiest and tnost prosperous couiftries ;inT the East. Rangoon, which'was phly 20 years agon mere cluaher of huts is' now one of the finest cities In''£bl'’ British possessions in Asia, and bids'fuh ere long

’to rival !Ciil<yrtta. 'Jhe last jienaus of.'ttangooa returnt-d- a population of 100,009 souls. And the day is not far ilistint When the* enligliftnlhg .influence o f English edu­cation .^hich has -been so eiicoessfully ihaugurated by the ntmorabld A's.^ley,Edeu wtlkniiBe the Burbman^ to iutellec- u^l and moral greutneis essond to th a t 'o f fiane of the raws brogght under £(er tji'iicious MajeSty’s^beneficent svfay.

L.QND0N CaREESPONDENCE;• 25fh DccemUe lBTi.

ToOt resfleraSre firjiibabiyaw.are of.the'existence in this tsountry, bf 'thp.b^atioohl Indian Aaspjflation fa aid of Sodal Vrogress in India.” This'Association which was established about 4 ytihes ''ago, ,by Miss Carpeutar, has for its object the hi'iug in the TncUant'resident in this country intp closer rela- tioushiji with Sagllshraetf and thus the giving them an in­sight into Kn^isll Iways «and habitsl and nlso the spreading among Englishmen so far as itmuy he possible, of a kuowlcdge

ot.Imlian Ulftiiijs and thus awakening their sympathy for India. Tlie Society aiiift to accomplish its objects b5f the reading of papers 'relating Indian matters and by.- the bolding of

. poirecs” to ’whicll Indian'geutle oeu are invited.. Occasion­ally thS(y are '-itakeiv down to sec places of t-wterest. when ■every thing -that is worthy of note, Is explained to them hy gentiemen thoyonghly conyersaut with the subjeot. The Society has ifW head qu.arfers at Bristol, but lias bradebes in London and in some of the provincial towns. The Soiflety has a jouruaL published once a month find edited by Miss Carpenter. I feel .bound tosay that this journal is capable ot great. improvernCnt.''»!^am ajv*r9 of the ditfloulties which

'a' journal ‘ treating of Indian affairs and publishing Indisn news -in this , country, has to contend against, owing to the apathy of the British JPublic. But this seems |k) me to be all the more re-isou, why it should be conduct*! with excep- tiena] care npd good sense. If instead of publishing unsatis­factory reviews of bbscure Bengali pamphlets and uninteres­ting extrlct^ fi-qm Indian jounnals and private'letters, it were present to the Briti|h Public edoclnct woounts' o f eur grievances social and perhaps politfcul, and-suggest how fi f it lay in the power of Englishmen -to' -tjdrea* those grievances; “it would do something to spresd. accurate and. useful information regarding India and awaken "the sympgj thies-of Englishm^ for that gre.it country. Nor is'it possibid' to .overlook the met •that’ this, sooiety has not yet been able to aohi,eve uny marked succesl, however lawdable its efforts in that direction may have been. Englishmen ere now just as apdietic an'd'iiidifferent abont Indian affairs, as they were four years ago. %Il woul(f*be, indeed, scarcely fair to be .too hard \«pou a society,' on tl^s score, when it hii's not been in existence for more than four years. But at the same time, jt is impossible not to .adffiit that its ill-success is in some d»g ree ovWng to its own ,way of condhetiug its affairs:-

The aftmial meeting of this Society was held at Bristol on the 19th instant. The Mayor.-presided. The moat interesting speech of the evemng was that by Sit George Campbell. On this occasion. Sir Gdorge spoke real sense ; and I offer no apology for mailing the following extract from his speech :

“ But there Was one thing-Wanting tO onr rule in Indiaj, and that was t^e persoijitl an]| sociirf sympathy which he belieimd ilrvftis the maki object f ihat association to promote. As th^hiid heard, muCIi o f that sympathy was wanting, du­ring the more than .30 y^1-3 he hud known India, he was inclined to'think they had toeqp in many respects less sympa­thetic With the natioa and less intimate with the natives generally., ^ h p n we first entered on the charge of tliat conjti-y, there was a time tTherr the Englishmen and Scoth- rheu, who were largsfy jepresented, spent long periods of

their lives in India, became what were knowp as Old Indians, and they came to very much appreciate and to a |;reat degree to sympathize with the natives. But now-a-days the “ Old Indian” wns what some might consider a more civilized being ; he hud more knowledge of the W e ^ ; he returned more often to his own countiy ; he was more polished and a greater master of the Western and modern aits ; and at the same time he was more completely English and European. He went to London at a later age, and wished to retire at an earlier age ; his thoughts and .aspirations were turned more to his home in the Wekt, he wa less necomplisbed in the language, and, be would add, less intimate with the Indian people, whereas in early days he maintained an intercourse with the natives that was not unmarked by much that wns cordial on-both sides. It was, and long bad beeiR the habit of the East that the conqueror asserted supei-fority over the conquered native. The natives had looked upon the English as conquerors, and "had been con­tent to associate with ihi-ui on those terms. Now-a-days the knowledge of the West had spread among a very large portion of the natives of India. They had received much education from us; the natives received trom us much of our Western iiianm-is, and along with that a good deal of the independence of the W est; and, being unwilling to associate with us on'*the old Oriental form of inferiors sub­mitting to conquqrorSf there bad been, on tlieir part also, some OTawing back, and an unwillingness to associate with Eiirepeans who had not thoroughly aqd Byrnpatheticaliy recognized them as equals. In many respects this was an mjfbbtuiiate stale of things, and h ' held, as Miss Carpenter,

'the founder of the a.ssocutton, and her associates held, that; however substantially they teiaht do great things fur the people of India, they would never obtain n sufiicieiit hold o.ver their - hearts, and would never do for . them all they ynight do, unless they drew them together in social intercourse (hear, bear,)—unless they became, jif fact,, more sympathizing v ith them.”

SitUeorge haS hit with admirable precision upon some of those causes which have produced an estrangement of feeling bolwocn eduoate.l Indians and EiigtisUmeu in India. Ilut somethingpt tlds is also due to the youth and inexpe- Tiefioe hf the Englisn t'iviliaue who go mit, year after .\ear, to rule in InRia. Placed at an early age and necessarily with nnfopmed judgments in high po»itions, vjr'. ere the utmost res­pect apd ilefovence is sliewn to thorn, tiiev come to expect, in iheir dealings with educated Indians, the same deference and atteiitiuiv,. Disappointment leads to sorehess of feeling and umtual estraugeihent. Now it these men were older, and their charaolers foimed, they would- probably have learnt fo trace the difference between an educated Indian, trained in western ideas and imbil>ed with options of eqpality and his half-civilized countryman who has only inherited the traditional feeling of- respect and liomage, doe -to tjie reprcacutatives of the. rnling power. It is in our dealings with civilians, this want ot sympathy is mostly felt ; aij d this might perhaps be remedied to a ocLUiinjtXteut by raising the limit of age for admission to the Civil Service. The 7'tnies does not think the pioture; is quite so gloomy as has bepn drawn by Sir George Campbell, but facts arc rather stubborn things.

--The Calcutta Correspondent of the Times in his last letter m{ikes tbe'following remarks ab6ut the Indian army ; ” Wo could npt place 30,000 men in the field. What we call our native army is merely an aggregation of men that coitid not

..sta'nd.the stress of (he bi-ieresc oampaigb. And uot duly is this. / The machinery of the army, such as it iB has .fallen ont' of gear. The officers are hdpelia^'jind discontented, tlio men i have bnt email liking for the service and the inetbod of rocr,uiting is such that if symptoms did appear, wo could not isolate' it. It would rapidly leavep .the whole army.”

The above remai-ks have, ns mjght be, expected, produced^ some seusa-ion in this country. The 27»«« in a couple of leailiiig 'articles, has.drawn the atteujion of the Government t^ Jhisimportant spljjobV. . ' ' ■

The A>'i>im tri&l. was brought to a closq on Saturday last. Conns Aruim wi|6 declared to bo “ ii-it guilty ” of the'inqro serious'charge'“ ’ of embezxlliig dooiimeilts oc-Violating the dutihs "of his o(R9e ” but was. found Aiilty of a leaser “ 'Sffence against'pit Idle order for which ne 'was directdft to be kept in imprisonment for three months, one month of which was to be deducted in coiisidstation of his having undergone imprisonment in the jireUmlnhly stages of the proceedings. He was also tq, bear the costs.” Thus closed one of the most remarkableorliiiinal trials ot the age.

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