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THE INITE3 STATES CRUISER 0 YMP1ADeweys Flagship those Guns Opened the Battle of Mania Bay that Caused the

fcwnfall of Spains Colonial Power in the Far East

Our Fight for the PhilippinesA Review of the BayMay i

I

I BattleOf

Manila Bay5

May four yea rFago Atali41 Itecywon his memorablevictory io MiiirU ha >

that gave to tlitcountry a new iUuii em

w

t eastluele 0 Itctelththedayt IorgWHI So ha Ifete ilipAmeri to

for IIntJlurtAntIre admiral ten t iim tutre wi > a-

h man of action ami Iv umr dii 11re

declaredbanIhiflaglisp jRaleimore Iipt Neuniii M Ier the HIJ >itD Capt Frank IVikte file Muno < a yCommander Utar W Fareuhoh tieoucroll Commander Asa Walker um the PeforlkThe ttttc tlet 1C1 I11 dt 11 in I

Ta 11E tiIilltIb t t lJj

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° ItOlo Copyright trot by C lentiosistI ADMIRAL GEORGE DEWEY

The American Naval Commander at the4Battle of Manila BaybeingjliAmerican fleet into the 1ailippiui harborat so early a date They had tailed to pre

I pare for his reception and he sailed pastCorregidor island containing what wasalmostibefore the garrison were aware oi his

r < presentcitthe vicinity It was not nntlIIkc fterhirlast ship was well past that theyrtho ght to give battle to the daring Yanlees and then sent a few harmless shutsafter them

F Day had not yet broken when Cavite wasreachedand Dewey quietly awaited itscoming When the sun rose jn the eastinstead of immediately beginning the destruction of the Spanish ships that lay be

A fore him the daring tailormar preferred toI play with his enemy and so weighed anchor

and sailed up to the defenses of Manila withwhjch he exchanged few shots as a mat

II

MAP OF MANILA BAYShowing Positions of American and Spansh

Fleets During Battle of May I 1898

ter of international courtesy then returnedto give more detailed attention to the Span-ish

¬

fleetIt was early even when he got back again

a to Cavite i0 early that it was only 19 min ¬

utes past six when with the Olympia 5500yards front the enemys ships he utteredthose historic word

When you are reads Gridjey fire

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jgoodIruitj began raining a shower of steel pmjrctie-

uponj time Spanish hips Gradually theAmerican fleet drew doer Subuurinetheydidgunnerswered the challenge of the Olympia gun s

tt II I

MAJ WESLEY MERRITT j

Til First American Military Qov rn rof the PhiippinoIj

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with a shower of jprojectile of ejuil size I

but w iliumt dsing anyeoniderablr iaiiiiice j1 > t Aiiirrirari Ihue Jft within ilu er jI

iii r nillcr pun iiiit i eir n ari tiP large nh ami1 tK ilnlillt ht up unk t iirn lp u i

it IIlllad flic sue 11 I IIn fl tuml I

t

nut UIDIMIK tlj POll a jj < Hi tiling too sootjin 1 III bcakfast aid a pullat the pipe11 r g11

It u i not until IHiO that he again wentt t i t Siiuard He had furnished suf-

iiiitiit smit tor his iailormen and nowiijteiiittiI to tiniith the jjob in a hurry and

ut fltaJ outof their misery withoutui llis ct time amt bti4rel it could

HUM M tIot hi dinner arrangement1 miy meal a oiiid llot ned aboard

t ie iligitiI it one and it was necessaryI

L at ttlc jot be completed and the muitanfIIIi before that time To accomplish

tins CVgm big and little that couldhe broiiKiit into play Was need and it wasIJllt11l tic more than au hour before all ofthe Spanish ships were either lying at thebottom of the 3or destroyedaql at1230 j white flag run up aver the Spanisl h

batteries at Cavite proclaimed their sur¬

renderh they do things on board an Amer ¬

mean Juan ofwar 30 minutts wts ample timeII

JIIMAJ GEN ARTHUR McARTHUR

Second American Military Governor of thePhilippines

in which to attend to the wants of thefew slightly wounded and prepare dinner towhich Admiral Ion tojo was invited butdeclinedThe

loss was 12 ships their en ¬

tire Asiatic squadron and CIS men eitherkilled or wounded

For that little mornings work AdmiralDewey gave to the United Slates somethinglike 125000 square miles of territory andsecured for himself tbe thanks of the Amer ¬

iron people and the rank of admiral in theAmerican navyandnot an Americansailonnan killed or an American vessel serioust injured

The Spanish flag that came down at Ca ¬

rite that day was never to rise again in thePhilippines

Our Warin the-

Philippines

Deweys victory atCavite followed bythe combined landand natal1 fight thatresulted in the sur-render

¬ i

of Manila torLien uerritt and the

American forces on August 13 gave tothis country new and untried problemwith which uical ra in Cuba Spain hadencountered iTTr almost a century almostcontinuous revolutions on the part of thenatives fighting for almost the same rea ¬

sous that prompted the patriots of CubaThe victories of May 1 and of August 131893 relieved Spain of her vast colonial ter I

ritoncs but at the same time it transferred from her to the United States tha I

rebellious subjects that had given her justtroubles for a century I

On the evening of February 4 1599 at

S3 oVvk was fired the tie t shot in th-

revzlaton of the Filipino soldiery alaiaaAII j1ln omipation B revolution that ha

ioniniieii to ILl present time though 8now afitr alu o t two and a half years oflighting Mvmingly near a close i

The Filipinos demanded absolute indpendcnre tit the Ai Lan people and tha tthis ccnintr refused to grant That inconcise way may be accepted A the < aof the present rebellion in the PhilippineDuring the tvirce days following the firingof tie lit sltot the American troupe drove j

the m urgeut from the line of defewethey occupied outMdc Manila and seen red

Ixesiuu of the Mibuth of the city Diing this three days of Hgiumg 13000 AmeIscan troops were opiH td to piualdoarmy of 3I > 000 Filipino

The battle of Pig on March W was thenext important engagement between t6two tone It was early in March that thvane on the rebeli capital at Malolon wabegun Tile first figlit of this campaign wa-

nn

s

Marsh 26 at Malinta and this was fol ¬

lowed by the capture of Walolo on MarehU but Aptiinaldo had moved his govern

GEN A R CHAFFEEPresent American Military Commander-

in the Philppinec

meLt to San Fernando and upon his de-

parture¬

tired theI g crnineut buildingsThe victory was a iieual one however asit resulted in the rupture of subsistencestores valued it out and a half million dollars

The American troop continued to pushnorthward toward the new rebel capitalrapidly and on April 10 was fought thebattle of Santa Cruz which place was caplured on April 25 and on May 5 San Pernando fell into the hand of the Americantroop The capture of this place practietlly closed the campaign to the northof Mmili until the doc of the rainy sea-son Gen Lawtons command returned toGen MaiArthurs lines on May 24 afterhaving marched a distancei of 120 milesfought 22 fiijjmjenieiit tiUtMi 28 townscaptured and dotrcMd 1 3fatatu bushels otrice and witsa lurs of only 0 kilted and35 wounded

Hut the intrepid Wirer wiiI later toIt M kris life in the conflict Wt not aljlotted to rt hr troop 1fwa assignedI

to Clinniand an expedition a > aiiiM Gen Piodel Pilar who was operating around the

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HON WILLIAM H TAFTFirst American Civil Governor in the

Philippines

shores of Laguna de Bay and from thethird of June to the thirteenth of the samemonth succeeded in driving the insurgentsnot only from the shores of this bodofwater bat from around the shores of Ma-

nila¬

baas well and soon after had driventhe enemy from every stronghold in Caviteprovince

Gen MaeArt bin opened the second cam-paign

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to the north of Manila on August 9witen he moved against Angeles Uacjlorwas Hrst captured and on August 18 thearmy arrived before the intrench men U atAngeles The place was captured with aloss of but two billed and 12 woundedDuring the same time Gen Young hadtakeif the towns of San Mateo Balcuag andQuinjrua

While American troops had been fight ¬

ing the insurgents in Luzon the rebellionhad spread to other islands and insurgentgarrisons had been established in PanayLeyte Cebu Negros Samar and other is ¬

lands Gen Miller had captured Iloilo onFebruary II Uacolod in Xegros was takenby Col Smith and on February 21 Cebuwas taken by Capt Cornwall of the Petrel

On August 24 Gen Hates returned toManila from the Sulu group and announcedthe signing of an agreement with the sultan

MAJGEN HENRY W LAWTON

KiJcJ Dos 10 1809 Whl e Leading Attackat San Mateo Luzon

extending American authority over the enttire group

Campaign followed campaign rapidly butthere was little severe fighting for theyAmerican troops On October 2 l899 canethe first overtures for peace on the parttjof the insurgents but the attempt tlooked upon by American officers merely asan effort to gain some recognition of the

c

11res

80 government and was stile of any

GXovemlbeUIIrrlac1 capitaita capturedt9e1a into American hautIInl1butamovedIseatVtoto WatSaa Jacinto the place being cap

5 tat mnt it badloot the Isle os1 AntrhhtawiofrIWWl running from Manila waylatersof till Filipino conMac1AwareinefaitssAt that time the innnr

urer secretary of the interioreat of its congress were in Amer

sAQn troops pushed uteadilrandon Decetnlter 5 Gen1Command arrived at Y4taD near

resttlrW1owtheenemywingL 01 troops andtipateed tlem in4 I direction forcapGeDantiII

surrenderedthAuereantathethe middle of1eceniher twon events ocuned The lit on Dee 38spas the rest ne of Lieut Giihhadl4I

t near April 12 and tiltkdUecembefce opening of the year 10110 te imIIIlitLandruleTkernerthernihabetfIifan and Weaion besan a caHijiirriag not the insurgent tone ill the ooutuSTTTiTTfT

BRIG GEN FREDERICK FUNSTONWho Capturtd Agura do March 23 1901

j in Isabella Prov ncerflfjBn Bates and Hell teaed an exp

di htrhieii itft JIoi h bruin tie t

dcnrnu I t ttt run ltt ijll tJHttMViiwu role mall iluiilfK Oi 11-

1ni troop + but were in the end Wt-IflJ in accomplishing the ohjects for

wnidfftthey were organized with but smallloss off lif-

eTboetaila of the campaigns of 1901 andof tb tjpre eiit year are M > fresh in the pubtic miiif that a ichearal of their detailsw unafptt ary Of Iit Fr the two mostiiuportilit oivurromtM wire the capture uiAgtriaafio by tlvti Fun > ton on March 2 >

and tha titbliiiiicnt t of civil governmentin the Islands by the Taft commi > inn orJulf 4 There has been eon iderallc light-ing since that tint The campaign in iainSf with ita attendant horror will prob

Rbjy not soon be forgotten either by theipartlc anU or the American public andmfr promises to result in a number ofcourtmnrtils for different army officersTti recent surrender of Gen Malvar ha >

seemingly virtually ended the organizedomtOfttion to American rule and the ofiieials at Manila are in hopes of an earlypeacea

> SpainsMethod of-

Governmentt

The littlei I governor was the founda t ion of the Spansystem of governmenin the PhilippinesHe represented thelowest rung of the ot

filial ladder and ruled in the parish Hewas an official of but little power withbut small opportunity fur graft amiwfipse greatest lpenjuiitr coni ted in thewiring of the official hat a totiffJltllJroomshaped affair Iliberally covered with

JjFLAG OF THE FILIPINOS

Upper Stripe Rod Lower Blue Sun andt Stars Yellow en WhLe Ground

ornaments of silver bunion Of far mortinfluence were the priests an influence thawaigOOtthanruleare to be found throughout the islands in the shape of roads and bridges T+

be sure the natives were taxed for far morof these conveniences than were built butit iija question if any would have been built

priestsThe islands lay ir

erowrsappointeei

of fate The minister of the colonies atMadrid was the direct head of the gov-ernment as he was of all the Spanish col-onies

I

but he was assisted ban advisorycouncil forthe Piii pines residing n-

Madrid and to ihL council was Fpetiali >ijllineTbetermed a Spanish Cory They were heconly as a military lips > ion To extortmoney from the people under the variousrnpalithndand the business and object of the governmentalofficer hat were maintained thereplow much these extortions amounted tcwill never be known ouside of Spanish ofSpantishi

competencefthegreatervarious forms of bribery and officio dii-

1bonesty

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