The Future Role of V2G Technology in the EV Market

Jacqueline Piero

14 December 2016

Frederiksberg, Denmark

It is not just the EV Market…• It is the entire auto industry

• It is the energy industry

• It is the communications industry

• The consortium working on rolling out V2G in UK is indicative of this:– Nissan

– Enel

– Nuvve

…And it is not just V2G• It is Grid-Integrated Vehicles

– Just plugging in is analogous to having connected but unintegrated solar at the edge of the distribution system

• DNOs need visibility of loads and resources

• Smart charging and Intelligent dispatch is needed

– This is a form of highly-distributed storage placed at the low-voltage distribution network

Uniting two (or three) industries

• The energy and automotive industries are both pivotal to addressing climate change

– EVs cause these industries to collide

– GIV can unify them

• New entities and new types of utilities to address changing energy landscape

EVs and climate change• ICE Vehicles a major source of emissions

• EVs are as clean as the power plants that feed them

• EVs will enable more clean energy on grid

• EVs will integrate into system:

– Data gathering

– House-level efficiency

– Grid-level services

Getting back to role in EV market…• All EV charging will be managed

– Some control of charging will be necessary for mass introduction of EVs to existing grid

• As existing markets open to new resources and new services are monetized, the value of bi-directional charging becomes clear

• Customer experience remains the same: just plug in!

The Game Changers – Series EVs and Charging StationsWe use production level vehicles, no changes required.

Nissan & Mitsubishi have series production EVs in the market that are V2G capable

New brands will come to market in 2017-2020 with bidirectional AC and DC EVs

Endesa has V2G series production DC 3φ charging stations in the market

VSL

VSL VSL Inside - Software from Nuvve – Software Defined Charging Station

An Existing Market - Grid Services for TSOsKeeping the frequency stable is a high value service to the grid operator

o This is a high value service and compensated accordingly by the electric grid operator

o Provided by traditional power plants – heavy CO2

o Provided faster, better and less expensive by a coalition of Electric Vehicles – less CO2

Frequency Regulation Service

Analogy is keeping the speed of a car stable when driving uphill and downhill

10 Vehicle V2G Fleet snapshot

The Electric Grid Evolves Towards a Distributed SystemLi-Ion battery technology* accelerates trend, and opens up new business

opportunities to provide grid services

From

o Distributed consumption

o Centralized production

To

o Distributed consumption

o Distributed production (and storage)

* Electric Vehicles, stationary batteries and home batteries

Potential Services to DNOs• Reactive Power

• Voltage support

• Time shifting (Smart charging)

• Load shifting of EVs

• Reinforcement deferral

• Distributed Energy Resource management

Tapping the Resource• Potential:

– 18,000 leafs in UK today

– If all cars today were EVs: 390 GW of aggregate capacity

• Using it:

– Make EVs more affordable while helping environment

– Work within customer parameters

– Collaborate with DNOs and National Grid

– Contribute to flexibility

What we are NOT doing• We are not using your battery to power your

neighbor’s house

• We are not draining your battery empty

• We are not limiting your use of your vehicle in any way

• We are not “buying low and selling high”

• We are not “crashing the grid”

Thank you