The French Revolution, 1789 - 1815:

The Radical Phase - The Terror

AP European HistoryAndrostic2012-2013

OverviewThe second phase is the most radical phase of the revolution

They will try to remake every aspect of life in France

Topics●The Second Revolution●The Terror●End of the Terror

The Second Revolution

The “Second” Revolution, August 10,

1792Suffering of the poor

The War– Going badly for

France– Brunswick

Manifesto– Storming the

Tuilleries

Paris Commune

Sans CulottesThey were small traders, peasants, and artisans.

Working class

National Convention

Division of the Coalition

Girondins Jacobins The "Mountain"

Jacobin Coalition

BeginningsThreat of Invasion by Austria & Prussia over– Battle of ValmyConvention Divided into warring factions

Jacobins

Montagnards

(“The Mountain”)

GirondistsMonarchíe

n(Royalists)

1790s:The Plain

(swing votes)

TODAY:

The Political Spectrum

January 21, 1793

Execution of the King

The Terror

Background to the Terror

War was again going badly for FranceFear of DisunityBrings….

Maximilien Robespierre

Terror is nothing other than justice, prompt, severe, inflexible. -- Robespierre

The TerrorGoal: Repress counter-revolution

●To do this, need to reorganize France

Committee of Public SafetyLevee en massePrice controls and centralized authorityTried to create a perfect republic of virtue

Revolutionary Tribunals arrested 300,00 an executed between 16,000 to 50,000

New CalendarNew Name Meaning Time PeriodVendemaire Vintage September 22 – October 21Brumaire Fog October 22 – November 20Frimaire Frost November 21 – December

20Nivose Snow December 21 – January 19Pluviose Rain January 20 – February 18Ventose Wind February 19 – March 20Germinal Budding March 21 – April 19Floreal Flowers April 20 – May 19Prairial Meadow May 20 – June 18Messidor Harvest June 19 – July 18Thermidor Heat July 19 – August 17Fructidor Fruit August 18 – September 21

New Years

I 1792 – 1793II 1793 – 1794III 1794 – 1795IV 1795 – 1796V 1796 – 1797VI 1797 – 1798VII 1798 – 1799VIII 1799 – 1800IX 1800 – 1801X 1801 – 1802XI 1802 – 1803XII 1803 – 1804XIII 1804 – 1805XIV 1805

The Cult of Reason

Come, holy Liberty,

inhabit this temple,

Become the goddess of the French

people.

End of the Terror

“Down with the Tyrant”

9 Thermidor, 1795

War in Belgium was going wellNo longer a need for the Committee of Public SafetyThermidorian Rebellion

– Killed RobespierreInsurrection of May 1795

SummaryThe radicals tried to remake France into the perfect, rational Enlightenment stateTheir program failed, and the people desired a more conservative government