ThefirstSMBHsIndicationsfrommodels

Stergios Amarantidis etal.samarant@oal.ul.pt

Corfu19June2019Credit:ESO/M.Kornmesser

arXiv:1902.07982

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Goalofthisproject

• StudytheAGN/SMBHpopulationatEoR

• Usingcosmologicalgalaxyformationandevolutionmodels

• Predictionsforthenextgenerationoftelescopes

• Comparisonandindicationsfromthemodels

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Goalofthisproject

highz size

• StudytheAGN/SMBHpopulationatEoR

• Usingcosmologicalgalaxyformationandevolutionmodels

• Predictionsforthenextgenerationoftelescopes

• Comparisonandindicationsfromthemodels

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Galaxyformationmodels

• Semi-AnalyticModels(SAMs)– 4models

• ～500Mpc ～5kpc ～10# − 10%M⊙

• Hydro-dynamicalsimulations(HDSs)– 4models

• ～100Mpc ～1kpc ～10( − 10)M⊙

DarkMatter Models

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Galaxyformationmodels

• PredictionsforthelocalandhighzUniverse

• Comparisonwithobservations– tuningofparameters

• Futuretelescopes(SKA,Athena,JWST,etc)

Qin+17Rosas-Guevara+16

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X-rayLFs:local

• ForeachSMBH:M,M,α

• Bolometricluminosity

• Corrections

• Matchwithobservations

• Tuningofmodels

• Radiativeefficiency

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X-rayLFs

• ForeachSMBH:M,M,α

• Bolometricluminosity

• Corrections

• Matchwithobservations

• Tuningofmodels

• Radiativeefficiency

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Radiativeefficiency(ε)

• Spinparameter

• ϵ = 1 − 1 − ./

01234

• r678 = f α

• L<86 = ϵMc. → L.?0@ABC

• LDBE ∝ α. → L0.HIJK

• ⬆L ⟺⬆ΔΦ

(Bardeen+72)

(Blandford+77)

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RadioLFs

• Matchwithobservations

• 2accretionscenarios

• Normalizationparameters

• Degeneracy

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RadioLFs

• Matchwithobservations

• 2accretionscenarios

• Normalizationparameters

• Degeneracy

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AccretingscenariosQuasarmode - Thindisc(Shakura-Sunyaev model)

Radiomode - ADAFdisc(advection-dominated accretion)�� =

����PQQ

= 0.01(Meier+99)

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Degeneracy

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Results:EoR

• Athena25Mssurvey

• ∼ 5000SMBHs/deg.

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Results:EoR

• Athena25Mssurvey

• ∼ 5000SMBHs/deg.

• SKAdeepsurveyband2

• ∼ 400SMBHs/deg.

• Modelsvarysubstantially

• Limitations

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Indicationsfrommodels:Volume

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Indicationsfrommodels:SMBHgrowth

300

100

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300

100

Indicationsfrommodels:SMBHgrowth

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Indicationsfrommodels:SEaccretion

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Indicationsfrommodels:SEaccretion

Credit:ESO/M.Kornmesser

Conclusions

• Useofcosmologicalmodels

• Predictionsforfuturesurveys/telescopes

• Limitationsofpredictions

• Volume/SMBHseeds/accretionphysics

• Futureimprovements