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The Female Genital Organs
Composion: Internal genital organs
Ovaries Conveying ducts
External genital organs
Uterine tubes Uterus
Vagina
Position - lies in the ovarian fossa in the angle between the internal and external iliac vessels on the lateral pelvic wall.
Ovary
Shape - an ovoid organ
Superior pole
Inferior pole Anterior border
Mesovarian border Hilum of ovary
Ⅰ.internal genital organs
Supporting structures Suspensory ligament of o
vary Proper ligament of ovary
Function:
Produce ovasecrete estrogens
Posterior border - free borderTwo surfaces - medial and lateral
internal genital organs
Uterine tube General features About 10cm long Located in the upper edge of broad ligament of uterus
internal genital organs
Four parts Infundibulum of uterine tube
Fimbriae of uterine tube
ovarian fimbria
Ampulla of uterine tube relatively wide, tortuous, longst part, where the fertilization of the ovum takes place
internal genital organs
Isthmus of uterine tube - straight and narrow portion, is the place where the tubal ligation is performed
Uterine part, pierces uterine wall and opens into cavity of uterus by uterine orifice of uterine tube
internal genital organs
Uterus
General features - muscular pear-shaped organ
Three parts Fundus of uterus Body of uterus Neck of uterus
Vaginal parts of cervix Supravaginal parts of cervix
internal genital organs
Uterus
Isthmus of uterus
- short constricted part, between the body and the neck of uterus,
internal genital organs
Interior cavityCavity of uterus - the cavity of body of uterus, is triangular in coronal section
Canal of cervix of uterus - the cavity of the neck, opens into the vagina at the orifice of uterus
Uterus
internal genital organs
Position Lies in the center of th
e pelvic catity, between bladder and rectum ;
usually it is anteversio
n 前倾 anteflexion
前屈
Uterus
internal genital organs
Anteversion - axis of uterus meet with that of vagina at about 90o ;
Uterus
Position
Anteflexion - axis of body of uterus is bent forward to form an angle of about 170o with that of the cervix .
internal genital organs
Supports of uterus
Pelvic diaphragm Ligaments
Broad ligament of uterus
Round ligament of uterus
Cardinal ligament of uterus
Uterosacral ligament of uterus
internal genital organs
Broad ligament of uterus
Mesosalpinx for the uterine tubes Mesometrium for the ovary Mesovarium
internal genital organs
Round ligament of uterus maintain in anteversion position of uterus
Cardinal ligament of uterus support the position of uterus to prevent from dropping.
Uterosacral ligament of uterus maintain in anteverted position of uterus
internal genital organs
Vagina Flattened fibromuscular tub
e, about 8 ~ 9cm long Extends upward and backw
ard from vestibule to uterus
Fornix of vagina Formed between cervix and
walls of vagina Posterior fornix Lateral parts Anterior part
deepest and larger part and related to the rectouterine pouch closely.
internal genital organs
Accessory gland
Great vestibular gland On either side of
vaginal orifice Open on both sides of
orifice of vagina
internal genital organs
Ⅱ.External genital organs
Mons pubis Greater lips of pudendum Lesser lips of pudendum
Vaginal vestibule Clitoris Bulb of vestibule
Ⅲ. The mammae
Position• Lie in superficial fascia over
the pectorals major and pectoral fascia
• Extend from 3rd to 7th ribs vertically, and from parasternal line to midaxillary line transversally
Shape:
in the young adult female (nullipara) the mamma forms a round eminence. The mammary niple 乳头 is on the center of the mamma, and commonly lies at the level of the fouth intercostal space .
areola 乳晕: pigmented area surrounded the niple
Ⅲ. The mammae
Structures - The mamma consists of skin,
mammary glands and adipose tissue;
Each brest has about 15 ~ 20 lobes of mammary gland 。
Each lobe has has a lactiferous duct which opens separately on the summit of the nipple and possesses a dilated lactiferous sinuses just prior to its termination
Ⅲ. The mammae
• Suspensory ligaments of breast (cooper’s ligaments ) - strands of connective tissue runs between skin and deep fascia and serve to support the mammary glands
Ⅲ. The mammae