The Everyday Transfigured - AA School Homepage...Image (Front) - WoojinKim, Intermediate 6 2016–17. The New Collective,exploration of an adaptivearchitecture to ac- commodate new

01. Context02. Technical Studies03. Calendar of the Year04. Separate Research and Design Briefs05. References and Bibliography

The Everyday Transfigured

Jeroen van Ameijde and Brendon CarlinArchitectural Association, Intermediate Unit 6

Extended Brief 2017_18

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I am a beginning. I am a community project of individualists. I am an attempt to create closeness without compulsion. I am quarrelsome and obnoxious, quiet and comfortable. I am a chaos workshop – with indisputable success. (Kraftwerk1,CooperativeHousinginZurich)

In cities driven by speculation, notions of opportunity and freedom traditionally related to theme-tropolis are shifting.Hyper-inflatedproperty costs in cities suchasTokyohave led toa strangleholdonthoseforcedtosqueezeouteverylastdropofspace,timeandproductivity.InLondon,asurgingarrayofcorporationshavehijackedthe ideaofsharing,expandingfor-profitmodelsofco-living,co-workingandco-ridingthatdriveupcosts.A lackofownershipappearstosetusfree, invitingnomadic,adventurous,flexibleandopenre-conceptionsoflife.Oftenthough,thesearemarketingployswhichdisguisethenatureoftherelationshipbetweenstakeholdersandultimatelytendtoeliminatediversity,spontaneityandtheself-organisationofculture.

ThisyearIntermediate6willre-imaginehousingasanarchitecturalframeworkforlive,workandplay.WewillstudypastandcurrentexperimentalprojectssuchasZurich’sKalkbreite,whichcombinesamul-titudeofdomesticunittypesaroundcommonkitchens,bathsandculturalspaces,challengingconceptsofstrangersandfamily.WewillhijackexistingtendenciesinLondonandre-orientthemtowardsradicalproposalsfornewtypesofcooperativeeconomic,programmaticandspatialmodels.Wewillrejectfreedom andpossessionsas individualclaimstobe‘conqueredanddefended’,andinsteadre-situatefreedomasthatwhichistobeexperienced‘inandasarelationship’toothers.Theappreciationofconflict,diversityanddifferencesasperpetual,desirableandbeautifulwillallowustoconceiveofnewformsof livingto-gether,settingthestagefortheconstructionofnewformsofarchitecture.

transfiguretransˈfɪɡə,ˌtrɑːnsˈfɪɡə,ˌtranzˈfɪɡə,ˌtranzˈfɪɡə

verbpast tense: transfigured; past participle: transfigured

transform into something more beautiful or elevated.“the world is made luminous and is transfigured”synonyms: transform, change, alter, convert, metamorphose, vary, modify, transmute, mutate;

Jeroen van AmeijdehastaughtattheAAsince2007andisthedirectorofUrbanSystems,anofficespecialisingingenerativedesignmethodologies.HehaspreviouslytaughtattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandtheAADRLandhaslectured,publishedandtaughtworkshopsinternationally.

Brendon Carlin,UnitMasterofIntermediate6since2011,isalsoanAAPhDcandidate,directorofAAVSTropicality,andco-founderofUrbanSystems.Lecturing,teaching,learningandpractisingarchitectureonsixcontinentswithinamixofinstitu-tionshaskepthimbusysince2007.

Image (Front) - WoojinKim,Intermediate62016–17.TheNewCollective,explorationofanadaptivearchitecturetoac-commodatenewformsofcollectiveliving,offeringmechanismsforresidentstocreateawiderangeoflocalisedsharedactivitiesinaself-organisedmanner.

Thehouse(oikos),aplaceforcustomsthatareatthecoreofthesmoothefficientfunction-ingoftheeconomy.

page 3 of 32 Jeroen van Ameijde and Brendon Carlin / AA Intermediate Unit 6

A man is told he works 40 hours a week at three dollars an hour, and that he makes $120. The 40 hours do not include lunch time, time in preparing for work, travel time, so that the real time devoted to the job -which is all the time that cannot be devoted to anything else- is increased by four or five hours a day. He works then about 60 hours a week. He gives his employer 20 hours, he makes two dollars an hour. Before he has spent a cent of what is called his salary, he gives half of it away: taxes are not only federal; there is the city, the state, social security, pensions, sales taxes-city, state, federal- taxes on insurance, insurance itself. If a man works 60 hours a week, he makes 60 dollars; gives a third of that or more to rent, another third or more to food. He is left with the rest, a rest rarely sufficient for him to buy outright any of the goods offered on the market, but a rest sufficient to make him buy on credit, buy a house for thirty years, a car for 2 or 3 or 5. It is life on the installment plan, lives at the mercy of the things around them, men controlled by their possessions. But, even so, nearly every man considers his life begins after work, that his real life is the possibilities of pleasure open to him. It begins after 6 or 7 o’clock; he has four hours a day ‘’for living’’. But even here he is not left alone. There is every attempt to regiment his pleasure: television, movies, ballgames, organized vacations or the places where they can occur, books- the circus of life.

–From‘TheEverydayMiseryTransfigured’in‘HallofMirrors’byRobertChasse(NewYork:CouncilfortheLiberationofDailyLife,1967).

The Roots of Housing

Housingisgenerallyconsideredarealmofprivacy,individuality,ourrefugeawayfromsocietyatlarge,andyet,itisinfact,largelytheopposite–aspacethroughwhichsocietyshapeswhoweareandthroughwhichwereproducethevaluespasseddownfrompreviousgenerationsorlearnedandproducedwithintheforcesandethosofcontemporarysociety.InAncientGreektextsthehousewasacommandingsymbolofthemalesheadsdominanceoverwomen,children,servantsandslavesinthehouse.Asiswellknown,thehouse,oikos,waslocusofokonomia–therootwordforeconomy–theplaceofeconomichouseholdmanagement.Lifeandmanagementinthehousewasdescribedasachoreographeddanceofobjectsandbodiesthroughhabits,rules,customsandspatialconfigurationfortheoptimisationofeconomicpotentialandreproduction(byreproductionherewereferbothtobiologicalreproduction,andthereproductionofacitizenwithcertainideas,beliefs,habits,desires).Economycanthereforebeunderstoodthroughitsrootmeaningasthecalculatedchoreographyoflifeintopatterns,ritualsandtypicalspatialarrangements.

Intheoeconomicus,apieceofwritingbyAristotleoroneofhisstudents,economywasdistinguishedfrompoliticsasthehouse(oikos) isdistinguishedfromthecity(polis), therealmofpoliticalaction.Thehousewasarealmofnaturalrelationships,determinedbythegodsandtraditionrootedinsurvival,andwasnotupforadebate,aswaspubliclifeinthecityoutside.InfactthewordfamilycomesfromLatinfamilia,andmeansobedientpersonsdedicatedtoproductionandreproduction.Thereforethehousebecomesaplacetoingrainhabitsconventions,andcustomsthatareatthecoreofthesmoothefficientfunctioningoftheeconomy.Aristotledescribedthecityasaplacethatpeoplehadcometogethertosurvive,andtomakesomethingbeautifultogether.Humankind,as‘politicalanimals’wouldproducethecitythroughdebateandresultingjudicial,ethicalandculturaldecisionsultimatelyconcernedwiththegreatestvirtue,justiceandthereforehappiness.AlanRyansummarised,“thepolitycomesintoexistenceforthesakeofmerelife,butitcontinuestoexistforthesakeofthegoodlife.”InancientGreecetherewasaclear,circumscribeddistinc-tionbetweenthesetworealmsoflife,houseandcity.

TheChinese,KoreanandJapaneseetymologyofthecharacterforhouse-家 -containsallofthedefini-tionsthatinthewestweassociatewiththethingsthatthehousesignifiesorcontainsandmoulds-family,household,domestic,house,andhome.TheJapanesewordforbothhouseandfamilyisEi-家 -froman-cientChinese.Thecharacteriscomposedof宀meaningbuilding,and豕whichderivesfromapictogramofapig.The豕pigusedtoliveunderthebuilding宀whichwereonstilts.ThecharactercomesfromthesamerootsastheGreekhouse(oikos)–aplaceoflabourforreproduction,aplaceforthemanagementofthehouseholdeconomyandinfactthelocusofeconomyinancientChina,JapanandKorea.

Daily Life

RootofthecharacterforhouseinancientChinese

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The machiya,theurbanhouseinpre-industrialJapan.Productiontookplaceinthefamilyworkshop,goodsweresoldintheshopspaceordisplayshelfonthefaçade.

町家屋 - TheMachiyainMejiJapan,DrawingbyEugenieBliah

MarketingandPublicRelationsemergedinparallelwithFordistmethodsofproduc-tion-demandhadtobestimulatedtokeeppacewiththenewproductionlines.

Home:thedomesticretreat–arealmofdesire,entertainment,privacyandnaturalrelationships that are infact reproducing beliefs, behaviours and therefore docile andproductivecitizens.

…the more [man] accepts recognizing himself in the dominant images of need, the less he understands his own existence and his own desires -GuyDebord,SocietyoftheSpectacle,1967


The Pre-Industrial House

Thepre-industrialhouse,orhousebeforetheemergenceofmass-productionwasaplaceoftightcul-tural,economicscripting,rigidcommunalstructuresandpractices.Aplacewhereproduction,reproductionandconsumption(realmsoflifeinthecitywestilloftenconsiderseparatetoday)overlappedinonespace.Pre-modernhousesinadvancedculturesaroundtheworldwereplaceswheremeaningandsymbolismde-terminedlayout,ritualsanddailylife.Whereroleswerefixedandnaturalandwhereknowledgewaspasseddownfromonegenerationtothenext.

WhatweknowfrommedievalperiodsinEuropeisthatthehousewasasiteofproduction,consumption(thepurchaseand/orconsumptionoffood,entertainment,everydayandluxuryitems)andreproduction.Therewasnothingthatresembledamoderndivisionbetweenthedomesticspaceandworkplace.Housescontainedworkshopswherewaresboth for sale and fordaily lifewereproduced.Husbandsandwivesworkedtogetherwithextendedfamilytomaintaintheshopandhouseholdandtherewasverylittleprivacy–eveninwealthyaristocraticfamiliesonthecontinenttheentireextendedfamilymaysleepinon‘hall’withnosuchconceptofprivacythatweappreciatetoday.

The machiyaandminkawereurbanandruralhousesrespectively inpre-industrial Japanwhichwascommonintheedoperiod1603–1868.Manyofthespaceswithintheminkaandmachiya,andcertainlythemostkeptareaswerededicated to themaleheadand to theentertainmentofguests,namely thezashiki andheya,hispersonalsleepingroom.Thewifesleptinthesmallersideroomswiththechildren,extendedfamilyandsometimesmaids,apprenticesandconcubines.Amongthewife’smajordutieswastoaccommodatevisitorsbydecoratingthe genkan,andoftenchangingtheuseoftherooms.

Mostoftheproductionwouldtakeplaceinthefamilyworkshop,ontheearthenfloorbehindthekitch-en.Thegoodswouldthenbesoldinthemisenoma,shopspaceormisedana,displayshelfonthemachiya’sfaçade.Anotherbigpartofthefamilybusinesswastoinvitebusiness-relatedguestsintothehouse.Spacesin thepre-industrial Japanesehouse couldbe temporarily partitionedwith shoji – the japanese slidingscreensthatdividerooms..Thesehouseswerefluid,dynamicplaceswhereroomsweremultifunctionalandwheretherewasnoteventheconceptofindividualorprivacy.Thesehouseswereplacesofreproductionofpositioninsocietyandproductionofthingstosellinthehouseshop.InfactthenameMachiyaitselfisfromtown,houseandshop.

Thepre-industrialhousewasaplaceofextendedfamily,apprentices,lodgers,concubinesandguests,withlittletonoprivacy,andwithreproduction,productionandconsumptioncompletelyoverlapping.

Industrial Era Housing and Typology

ThephilosopherMichelFoucaulthasarguedthatduringmass-industrialisation–aprocesslargelybeencompletedin,forinstance,theUnitedStatesprecedingthestockmarketcrash–politicsbecamebio-poli-tics,orthestrategicmanagementoflifebythestateforthenewmachineageofproduction.Historicalanddrasticculturalreformsemergedandmultipliedduringthisperiodtoreorganisesocietytonewefficientwaysofproducinginlightofnewtechnologies.Housingandfamilywerethemostdebatedandcultivatedsiteforthereformofsocietyduringtheseperiodsandthespatialconfigurationofhousingwasacriticalspatialtechnologytofacilitatetheshift.

Withtheriseofindustrialisation,placebasedstructures,cultures,typologiesbegantodisappearandfallapart.Aneworderandstructureofdailylifeorganisedaroundthemanufacturingcycleemergedinindus-trialisedcountries.Duringthisperiodofmass-industrialisation,economy-asmanagementforefficiencyinthehousehold-spreadfromthehometothewidercity.Thewholeofthecityandsocietybecamemanagedforeconomy–asthesuperlativecriterionthatbecameincreasinglydominantoverwhatusedtobepolitics.Inotherwords,politicsbegantorecedebecauseeconomydictatedthatallsocialordershouldalignitselftomaximiseGDPgrowth.Itshouldbenotedthatthiswasinpartisaconsequenceofnationscompetingagainstnationsforsurvivalandautonomybymeansofeconomicandmilitarypower.

Typology-theemergenceoftypicalspatialconditionscreatedanewordertothehouseholdwhichwasnowsolelyareproductivespace–aspacewherechoreographiesthatbuildproductivecitizensthatholdvaluesincommonwiththesocietywereshapedandcouldleadefficientlivesofincreasingeducationandregimentedschedules–muchinstepwiththemachinesandthetickingoforderandorganisationinmassmanufacturingoutsideintheindustrialcity.Thedivisionoflabourwasreflectedinthedivisionofspheres

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Appropriation of urban spaces for domestic inhabitation such as the HSBCheadquartersinHongKongor1111LincolnRoadbyHerzog&deMeuron.

The ‘Micro-Compact House’ by Richard Horden and the‘9-hours’capsulehotelchaininJapan.

RobinHoodGardensbyAlisonandPeterSmithson1972,demolitionstartedinAugust2017.Theprojectfeaturesstreetdecks,conceivedasacriticismofthenarrowoutdooraccessformanyflatsinthepre-warandpost-warperiod,andanattempttoanticipateafutureconditioninwhichtraditionalterracedhouseswouldbeblightedbyexcessroadtraffic,sothatthesightofchildrenplayinginthestreetriskedbecomingathingofthepast.Thecelebrated“streetsinthesky”,runthefulllengthofeachblockandprovideenoughspaceforresidentstopersonalise,andtositoutiftheywish,andtheyallowsufficientspaceforpeopletostopandchatwithoutobstructingotherresidentsfrompassing.(AlanPowersofTwentiethCenturySociety.)

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of life–production,manufacturingandconsumptionbecamethepurchasingofgoods frommanufacturersinsteadofmakingtheminthehousehold.

Thiswaswhenandwhythediscourseontypologyemergedasanimportantforarchitecturaltheory.Typol-ogy,whichcanbecloselylinkedtothedevelopmentofmodernhousing,soughttomakethehouseaconflictfree,‘natural’spaceinwhicheachsubject—mother,father,andchild—isclearlyindividuated,canbuildasenseofownershipandprivacy(importantvaluesinconsumerist,capitalistsociety),andcanpursuetheirschedulewithoutconflictinasmooth,desiringspace.Withinthisidea,eachroomofthehouseacquiredaspecializedfunctionandcorrespondedtoafamilymemberortoaspecificmomentwithindailyfamilyroutine.Ifthemedi-evalhousewasalooseconglomerateofroomswithloosefunctionalidentity,theindustrialerahousebecametheorganisationofclearlycircumscribedrealms,theprivatebedroom,bath,thekitchen,livingroom,diningroometc.

Theconceptofhomeinitscontemporaryformwasborninthemoderneraandwasespeciallyimportantforthemythologicalretreatandaplaceofloveanddwellingawayfromthestressesofanewlifeoflabour.Thehousewasnolongerarealminwhichcraftsweremadewithyourhandsandyousawadirectrelationshiptothefruitsofyourlabour–sothereneededtobearealmoutsideofthesenewrealitiestogiveasenseofretreat,ofsafetyofprivacy,anecessarycounterbalanceinprinciple,butinactuality,aspaceofcompensationbutalsomostimportantly,aspaceofuncompensatedreproduction.Thehousebecameaplacemaskedinthemythol-ogyofhomebutinsteadwastheplacewherethevaluesofindustrialcapitalismwereingrainedinconspicuously.Wherethehousewifewouldbiologicallyreproduceandmaintainlabourforsocietyandwhereshe,herhusbandandthechoreographyofspacesandvalues,wouldreproducethesubjectivities(raisetheirchildrenwithbeliefs,habits,behaviour,personalities)necessarytoaccelerateeconomicproductivityandsurplus(makingveryfewpeoplefabulouslywealthy).

Periodsof industrialisationalso sawconsumerproductsbecamewidelyaccessiblebecauseof industrialmanufacturing.TheGermanphilosopherWalterBenjaminsawasearlyasthemid19thcenturyaclearconnec-tionbetweentheriseofindustrialcapitalismandtheemergenceofdomesticity.Oneinwhichcommoditiesarepurchasedandarrangedtoperformanindividualizedideaofwhomoneisinthehousehold,especiallyamongstmiddleandupperclasses.Thiswasaperiodwhentheidentityoftheindividualshiftedfrombeingdefinedbysocial relationshipsandcommunally symbolicelements (by religion), todefiningandmouldingan imageofthemselvesthroughthechoreographyofdecoration,furnitureandobjectsoftheinterior.

Itisincrediblyimportantalso,whiletracingthetrajectoryofhouseandhome,tonotethattechnologyhasplayedanenormousroleinreproduction(biologicalandsubjectivity)inthedomesticspace.Inthe1940sand50s,thetelevisionbegantobecomeacentralfacetoffamilylife.

The emergence of a post-industrial condition and housing

Post-industrialsocietycanbecharacterisedbyproductionreturningtothehomeandtoallspaceandalltimesbecauseoftheeverincreasingpenetrationoftechnologyandeconomyandtheconsequencesofindus-trialandpost-industrialcapitalismintoeverfinerscaleofthefibresofconsciousness.Post-industrialsocietyhas seen theaccelerationof globalisation,whenall societies tend tobecome increasingly similar–90%oflanguagesspokenatthebeginningofthe21stcenturywillprobablyhavebecomeextinctbytheyear2100.Thehouseispenetratedagainbyproductionandconsumption–whichcrossesallspatialandtemporalboundaries.

Thetrademarktrajectoryofpost-wardevelopmentsinpoliticsandeconomy,especiallyintheReaganandThatcherera,wastheshiftingofpolicies,technologiesandanevergreaterpushtoincreasehumanproductivityandincreasesurplusproductiontothestateandkeystakeholders,byshiftingrisk,responsibilityanddecisionmakingincreasinglytotheindividual.Thecontinuedpushforeconomicgrowthandcompetitionhasstartedstrippingawaysocialnetsformerlyprovidedbystate.Socialstructuresseemtofallapartastheindividualcon-structstheiridentitythroughtheirwork,theirsuccess,theirindividuality,throughwhattheyconsume;throughhowgoodtheyareattheircalculationandstrategyinaworldofcompetitiontorisetothetop.Lifeandworkarenolongerbounded–technologyandimmaterialworkrequireustobecomeentrepreneurs,tobecomeourworkandtoconsumeinordertoalleviatedistressandfillinthegaps.Andyet,incrediblenewopportunitieshaveopenedup–peoplecanmovemorethaneverbefore,boundariesdissolve,freedomsseemabundant.

Becausepeopleincreasinglyspendtimeatworkandasthenuclearfamilyisbecominglessprominent,thecityhasbegunto takeon featurespreviouslyassociatedwiththedomesticspace.Aspeoplebecomemore

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WeWorkisanAmericancompanywhichprovidessharedworkspace,community,andservicesforentrepreneurs,freelancers,startupsandsmallbusinesses.Foundedin2010,ithasacurrentvaluationofaboutUSD$20billionandmanages10millionsquarefeetofofficespace.Itcurrentlyoperates23locationsinLondon.

CentraalBeheerbuildingbyHermanHerzberger.“Theidea...isthatofabuildingasasortofsettlement,consistingofalargernumberofequalspatialunits,likesomanyislandsstrungtogether.Thesespatialunitsconstitutethebasicbuildingblocks;theyarecomparativelysmallandcanaccommodatethedifferentprogrammecomponents(or‘functions’),becausetheirdimensionsaswellastheirformandspatialor-ganizationaregearedtothatpurpose.Theyarethereforepolyvalent...’’-ArnulfLüchinger.HermanHertzberger:BuildingsandProjects.p87

EcoleCentraleParis,OMA(2017).Adesignaimingtointroducenewtypeseducational,socialandcivicrelationshipsinanerawhereprivateinvestmentinthepublicdomainisoftenforcing‘‘theroleofarchitecturetobereducedtothevisualimpactofitsshapeandsurface’’(OMA).Theprojectintegratesurbanismwiththeschool,generatinganopenurbanschool,withcreativedisorderframedunderastructuralskeleton.Thebuildingallowsto‘‘formulatenewtypesoflearningstylesthatpromotecommunity,pluralityanddiversityofthepopulation.’’


individuatedandisolatedfromsubstantialformsofcommunity,workagainentersallspacesallthetimethroughcommunicationandproductiontechnologies.Featuresthatusedtobeconfinedtothehome-af-fectivelabour(theemotionallovingcareofthemotherandfamily),leisureandentertainmentspaceswiththatsoftsenseofescapestarttobecomethenorminthecity,manifestinginthewayhotels,serviceindus-tries,restaurantsandbigcorporations(thinkofapple,googleetcandtheirdomesticinteriors),designtheirspaceforemployeesthat‘live’thereandtraintheirstafftosmileandbeconcernedandprovidemorethantheservicerequired.Hereagainthedrivingforceisprofit.InJapanandincreasinglyinothercountriesweseetheriseofpaidservicessuchashugging,animalpettingcafé’s,cuddlinginbed,acompanionthatwillbefascinatedbyyouinconversation.Ourhomebodies–thepersonweconsiderusedtoconsiderdistinctfromourworkingself–beginstobecomeindistinguishablefromaworkingselfbecausebothbecauseweworkallthetimebutalsobecausethepersonwearerequiredtobeatwork–theserviceindustryrequiringtoactoutarole–increasinglybecomeswhoweare.

Socialrelationsofthepre-modernandthemodernera’shavebeencompletelydestroyedinthespaceofpost-Fordismandneo-liberalism,where fashion,success, innovation,creativity,moneywealth,statusandGDPgrowtharevaluedoverallelse.Thishascreatedacrisis–becauseallhistoricalformsofcommu-nityhavebeendestroyedandsocialcohesiondissolved.Andyettheartificialnuclearfamilyinadvancedcapitalistsocietyprevails,eventhoughthehyper-individuationproducedseemstopullapartanddestroyitsvalues.WecanrecognisethisdevelopmentintheexplosionofdysfunctionalfamilyshowsinforinstancetheUSinthe1980’sand90’s.Thecollapseofhistoricalsocialstructureshascreatedacrisisofeconomyandcommunity.Themostobviousconsequence,incontradictiontothecapitalistmodelthatproducedit,isthatproductivitybeginstodecline,thebirthrateisfalling(Japan’spopulationisexpectedtodecreaseto60%ofcurrentlevelsby2100)andofcourseGDPflattensorfalls.

Whilethereareincreasinglynewfreedomsandanexpandingpossibilityandconnectedness,thereisacrisisofcapitalismbecausethemodesofsubjectivitythatworkedsowellandmadesomanyrich,arenowatoddswithformsoflifeandsubjectivitiesactuallybeingproducedwithinsociety.Caseinpoint,forprofittelevisionandtheninternetforexample,competingfiercelyfortotalattentionfrompeople,caterstobaseinstinctsanddesiressuppressedinthehumananimalbypre-industrialcultureandindustrialorganizationormodernisation;thereforethesetechnologiesbecomemoresignificantmeansofreproductionthanthetypologyandfamilyandalsocreateahyper-individuationthatbeginstobreakupallsocialstructures.

DeleuzeandGuattari,intheirbookA Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophreniadescribethesetechnologiesasmachinesofsubjectionandenslavementthatoperatenotonlyattheleveloftheindividual–appealingtopartsofthepersonthatarelinkedtodesirescreatedwithintheirculture–butoperateatbiological levels,throughpulsations,colours,phenomenathatstimulatesandcaptivatethebasichumananimal; these technologies breakdown the social individual. Typology inhousingbecomes increasinglyobsoleteas abio-political, organisational, disciplinary choreographyandfixedmodelof economywhenreproductionofsubjectivityistakenoverbynewformsoftechnologyandwhen,inanacceleratingrealityofconstantinnovation,fixedmodelsmerelyimpededthepossibilityofgrowthandchange.

With neoliberal deterritorialization, no new production of subjectivity takes place.

On the other hand, neoliberalism has destroyed previous social relations and their forms of subjectiva-tion (worker, communist, or social-democrat subjectivation or national subjectivity, bourgeois subjectivity, etc.). Nor does neoliberalism’s promotion of the entrepreneur -with which Foucault associates the subjec-tive mobilization management requires in all forms of economic activity- offer any kind of solution to the problem. Quite the contrary.

Capital has always required a territory beyond the market and the corporation and a subjectivity that is not that of the entrepreneur; for although the entrepreneur, the business, and the market make up the economy, they also break up society.

-MaurizioLazzarato

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SamirAbillama,explorationintoapotentialnewconditionof‘addressless-ness’;connectingmultipleapartmentownersthatarewillingtotradeexclusivehomeownershipforaflexibleandroamingmodelofdwelling,movingthroughthecitybasedonrelationshipsandopportuni-ties.Theinhabitantswouldallownanequalamountoffloorarea,andyet,cannotassociateitwithanyplaceformorethantwoweeksatatime.

AbhinavJain,‘TheParallelCity:IncubatingOthernessIn-between’.Theprojectproposesaraised,parallel,alternativenetworkofinfrastruc-tureandspacesinthecityawayfromtheconstantneedorwanttoconsume,awayfromspectacleofimagesandproductsscreamingforattention.Itaimstoamplifypossibilitiesfortheinformal,theweirdandotherwise‘valueless’,strivingtoseedtheemergenceofotherness.


Hijack

ThisyearIntermediate6willstrivetoconceiveofarchitecturesthathijackLondon’stendenciestowardsprivatecontrol,homogeneityandadroningsleep-work-consumeloopandcarveoutaspaceforplay,to-getherness,andnewexperiencesthroughtheexperimentaldesignofhousing–orofnewarchitecturesforlivingtogether.Wewillattempttotipthebalanceofdwellingtowardsemergingandalternativedefinitionsoffreedom;tore-appropriatetheabilitytomakeagreementsthatcanonlybereachedthroughtheexpe-rienceoflivingtogether.Todoso,wewilltracetheoutlines;economic,spatialandmaterialprinciplesofemergingglobalmodelsfortheproductionofspacethathidewithinthemapossibilityfornewarchitecture.Asarchitects,wemustrecognisethattheworkwedoisalwaysconnectedtoaneconomicsystemandwillperpetuateorreproducethatsystemanditssetsofrelations–thereforeweshouldseekoutothereco-nomicmodels(payingspecialattentiontoemergingones)thatcanserveasafoundationtoallowingsharedownershipandthereforedistributionofpowerandmultiplicity.Intandemwemustrecognisethatthehu-mancompulsionsunderlyingtheethosofcontemporarysocietycannotbedeniedbutmustbechannelledandlimitedthroughagreementsreachedbylivingtogether.Howcanarchitecturegiveformandspacetotheseemergingcommunities,thisemergingpossibilityofrealsharingandtotheideaofgreaterfreedomandhappinessviaalimitreachedthroughagreementanddecision?Thislimitmaybeformalorspatial,butperhapsevenmoreappropriatelyeconomic,consideringthatphysicalformhasbeenstrippedbytechnol-ogyofitsabilitytolimit,buthasbecomemorepsychologicalorrepresentationallysignificant.1

Through researchwewill identifyemerging subjectsandcommunitiesanddevelopa thesis-as-briefintendedtostrategicallyhijacktechnologicaldevices,economictrends, formalandaesthetictendenciesand redirect them towardseconomic and spatial sharingand towardsnewexperimental housing typesconcernedwithestablishingthepossibilityoffreedomfoundinreachingagreements.Wewillreconsiderarchitecturaltypes,scales,categories,andstyles,becauseweacceptthatthedomesticspace,spacesofproductionandreproduction,andcommunicationtechnologiespermeateeverything,everywhere,allthetimeandthesecategorieshavethereforeevaporated.Wewilldecomposeestablishedscalar-spatialpara-digmstosetfreethedimensionsofthehumanindividualandopennewcollectivescales;decomposepro-grammetofreebasicactivitiesoftheeverydaysothattheycanberecombinedandcanreinventlife;andwewillstrivetodecomposebinaryoppositionslikeinside|outside;mine|yours.Wewillsearchfordifferentwaysofliving,differentideasoffamily,recognisedifferenttypesofhopefulcommunityandsubjectsthatarecurrentlyemergedandmakearchitecturethatgivesthemform,thatsupportsthesealternativeandvariedformsofcommunallife.Rejectingourowncompulsiontonostalgiainallofitsforms,wewillinquireintohowourtechnologiescantransformus into“completelynew, loveableandinterestingcreatures.…Creatures[who]talkinacompletelynewlanguage.”2

1 anexampleofthisisDonaldTrump’sborderwallwithMexico2 WalterBenjamin,Experience and Poverty.

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THEORY DESIGN RESEARCH

week 1 Mon 25 Sept

Fri 29 Sept am Intro 1

week 2 Mon 2 Oct Seminar 1

Fri 5 Oct am Present 1 / Intro 2pm Tutorials 1

week 3 Mon 9 Oct Tutorials 1

Fri 13 Oct am Present 2 / Intro 3pm Seminar 2


Fri 20 Oct am Present 3 Intro – Researchpm Tutorials 2

week 5 Mon 23 Oct

Fri 27 Oct am Present Topicspm Seminar 3

week 6 Mon 30 Oct Workshopopen week 31 Oct Workshop

1 Nov Present 32 Nov Optional Research

Fri 3 Nov am Tutorialspm

week 7 Mon 6 Nov Research Drawings Tutorials

Fri 10 Nov ampm Tutorials




Fri 24 Nov am Present Researchpm Intro 4

week 10 Mon 27 Nov Tutorials

Fri 1 Dec am Tutorial 4pm Finalised Research

week 11 Mon 4 Dec Present 4

Fri 8 Dec Complementary Studies Submissions Hand‐in

Sat 9 Dec Unit Trip Japanweek 12

Sat 16 Dec

further important dates:

Trip: Switzerland

week 18 Thu 15 Feb Hooke Park Workshop

Tue 20 Feb

Topic:

Domesticity

Generative Floor Plans

Capitalism / ConsumerismFloor Plan Studies

Floor Plan Studies

Affective Care

3D Enclosure Studies

On Choosing Topics3D Enclosure Studies

Researching / Choosing

Individual ResearchBuilding Tectonics

Tectonics ExperimentTectonics ExperimentPINUP: Tectonics ExperimentSwitzerland Innovative Housing ProjectsIndividual Research

Analysis/Mapping/Diagramming

Individual Research

PINUP: Individual Research

Individual Research


FINAL JURY: Individual ResearchJapan Housing

Japan ResearchSUBMIT CHAPTER

Hand‐in Japan Research

Flights London‐Tokyo

Performative Envelopes

Studytrip Programme Concludes

Thirdyears: TS Prototyping Secondyears: Materiality Experiments

THEORY DESIGN RESEARCH

week 1 Mon 25 Sept

Fri 29 Sept am Intro 1

week 2 Mon 2 Oct Seminar 1

Fri 5 Oct am Present 1 / Intro 2pm Tutorials 1


Fri 13 Oct am Present 2 / Intro 3pm Seminar 2


Fri 20 Oct am Present 3 Intro – Researchpm Tutorials 2

week 5 Mon 23 Oct

Fri 27 Oct am Present Topicspm Seminar 3

week 6 Mon 30 Oct Workshopopen week 31 Oct Workshop

1 Nov Present 32 Nov Optional Research

Fri 3 Nov am Tutorialspm






Fri 24 Nov am Present Researchpm Intro 4

week 10 Mon 27 Nov Tutorials

Fri 1 Dec am Tutorial 4pm Finalised Research

week 11 Mon 4 Dec Present 4

Fri 8 Dec Complementary Studies Submissions Hand‐in

Sat 9 Dec Unit Trip Japanweek 12

Sat 16 Dec

further important dates:

Trip: Switzerland


Phase 1 - Research and Design Exercises

Term01(12weeks,29Sept-16Dec2017)

-THEORYSEMINARS EssayHand-in/ResearchPresentation: 5,13,20October 4December

-DESIGNEXERCISES

PresentationofDrawings: 9,20October Pin-upofDrawings/Model: 1November

-INDIVIDUALRESEARCH

FinalJury: 22November DocumentHand-in: 1December

-STUDYTRIP

ResearchintoIndividualTopics 10-16December

Phase 2 - Individual Projects

Term02(11weeks,08Jan-23March2018)

-INDIVIDUALRESEARCHANDDESIGNPROJECTS TSInterimJury: 5March

2ndyearpreviewtables: 12/13March

3rdyearpreviewtables: 19/20March

Term03(9weeks,23Apr–22June2018)

TS3FinalReportHand-in: 24April

FinalJury 18May

- PORTFOLIOFINALISATION

2ndyearsfinaltables: 4/5June 3rdyearfinaltables: 11/12June 3rdyearexternalexamination 19June

Calendar of the YearTopic:

Domesticity

Generative Floor Plans

Capitalism / ConsumerismFloor Plan Studies

Floor Plan Studies

Affective Care

3D Enclosure Studies

On Choosing Topics3D Enclosure Studies

Researching / Choosing

Individual ResearchBuilding Tectonics

Tectonics ExperimentTectonics ExperimentPINUP: Tectonics ExperimentSwitzerland Innovative Housing ProjectsIndividual Research


Individual Research

PINUP: Individual Research

Individual Research


FINAL JURY: Individual ResearchJapan Housing

Japan ResearchSUBMIT CHAPTER

Hand‐in Japan Research

Flights London‐Tokyo

Performative Envelopes

Studytrip Programme Concludes

Thirdyears: TS Prototyping Secondyears: Materiality Experiments

page14of32

LaurenzBerger,architecturalsystemforself-organisation,testedthroughscenariosforaneighbourhoodinHanoitobeconstructedbyitsinhabitants.Laurenzdesignedakitofpartscomposedofatimbercomponentswithcertainlimitationsbuiltin,allowingforcertaindegreesofindividualfreedomwhilealsoguaranteeingenvironmental,socialqualitiesandeconomicopportunityfortheoverallneighbourhood.

NellyHuang,formfindingprocesstogenerateself-supportingdomedstructuresthatcanhousesharedservicesandcommunityfunctionsforalargehousingdevelopmentinElephantandCastle.TheformfindingprocessisbasedoncatenarycurvaturesimilartoGaudi’shangingchainmodelswhichallowstheconcreteshell-structuretoworkincompression.Thefluidandflexiblefieldofdifferentsizedspacesthatiscreatedallowsforademocraticandself-organisedwayofplanningcommunityfunctions.


Theunitplacescentralimportanceonresearchintospecificitiesofconstructionmethodsasabasisforthedevelopmentofdesign.Weaimtofacilitateaproductiveoverlapbetweentheworkthatisrequiredfortheunit’sbriefandworkrequiredforthethirdyears’TechnicalStudiessubmission.

Theunitcalendaroftheyearisdeliberatelystructuredaroundabottom-updesignprocess,startingwithphysicalexperimentationfromwhichdesignsystemsarederived,whicharethenappliedtoalargerscaleurbanhousingproject.

Unitassignmentsareaimedtowardscleardeliverables,whichneedtobedocumentedinaformatsuitableasabasisforboththeunitportfolioandtheTSsubmission:

1.researchandanalysesofhistoricalprecedentsandcasestudiesofaspecificmethodofconstruction(usingamaterialsystemsuitableforlargescaleassembledstructures);

2.prototypingexperimentsrecreatingandimprovinguponachosenconstructionmethodthroughthecriticaluseofdigitaldesigntoolsandfile-to-factoryprocesses;

3.experimentaldesignandproductionofanassembledstructurethroughat1:1scale,testingmaterials,fabricationandassemblyandenvironmentaldesign;

Themainfocusofthefirsttermistheapplicationofideasandtheoriesonurbanhousingtowardsrealistic,physi-calbuildingstructures.Studentsareaskedtosetupdigitalenabledmethodsthattranslatesocialandenviron-mentalperformancefactorsintothedesignprocessofarealisticarchitecturalenclosure.

ThestudytriptoJapanwillbeusedtoconductresearchinto‘emergentformsofurbandwelling’andhowtheyaredependenton,ortranslateintoculturalandeconomicalissues.Studentsmightfindanddocumentcasestud-iesofprecedentarchitectureapplicabletotheTSreport.

Duringthesecondterm,studentswillcontinuetodeveloptheirdesignprojectswhichareinformedbythefirstterm’swork.Thekeyinterestistotranslateterm1manifestosinto‘realistic’speculativeprojectproposalsforahigh-densityurbanproject,relatedtothespecificsiteinLondonchosenbyeachindividualstudent.

Eachstudentwillchooseakeytechnicalaspectintheirprojectthatisrelatedtooneofthefollowingcategories:

-structuraldesign,geometricalsystems,integrateddigitaldesignmethods

-industrialfabricationofcomponentsforassemblyintoinnovativehousingprojects

-environmentalparametersinformingdesignmethodsandoutcomes

Theunittutorsaimtohelpstudentdevelopprojects,inclosecoordinationwithTSstaffandthroughthesupportofexternalconsultants.TopicschosenfordevelopmentfortheTSsubmissionshallinformandstrengthentheunitdesignproject,whichisalsosubmittedandevaluatedaspartoftheTSwork.

AsthedevelopmentoftheTSworkcoincideswiththefurthermaterialisationofthedesignprojects,coordinationbetweenunittargetsandTSrequirementsisofkeyimportance.Studentswillberequiredtoleadthiscoordina-tionanddevelopmentandavoidhavingtoworkonseparateareasofinterest.

FinalTSdocumentswillinclude,inadditionaltoabovepoints1,2and3:

4.individualanalysesandreflectionon1:1experimentsinterm1;

5.additionalresearchofakeytechnicalaspectoftheprojectusingliterature,physicalanddigitaltesting;

6.selectionofinitialdesignprojectdrawingsindicatingimplementationofthepreviousresearch;

TheunitwillagainfollowtheTSoption2timelinethisyear.FinalTSdocumentsaretobesubmittedonMonday24April.

Technical Studies

page16of32

Unitteachingdays:MondaysandFridaysComplementaryStudies:WednesdaysandThursdays

TERM 01 (12 weeks, 29 Sept - 16 Dec)

Week01Tue 26/09 10:00InterUnitPresentations/6pminformalmeetingwithstudentsWed 27/09 11:30StudentInterviewscommenceFri 29/09 10:00FirstUnitMeeting IntroductiontoTheoryTopic1 14:00ComplementaryCourseIntroductionsandRegistration

Week02Mon 02/10 DesignExercise1-IntroductionWed 04/10 2ndYearCoursescommence(8sessions)Thu 05/10 2nd/3rdYearCoursescommence(7sessions)Fri 06/10 10:00Hand-inTheoryEssay1,introductiontoTheoryTopic2 14:00TutorialsonDesignExercise1

Week03Mon 09/10 10:00TutorialsonDesignExercise1Wed 11/10 MS/PPThu 12/10 HTS+TSFri 13/10 10:00Hand-inTheoryEssay2,introductiontoTheoryTopic3 14:00 PINUP: Presentation of Design Exercise 1 17:00DesignExercise2-Introduction

Week04Mon 16/10 10:00TutorialsonDesignExercise2Wed 18/10 MS/PPThu 19/10 HTS+TSFri 20/10 10:00Hand-inTheoryEssay3,introductiontoIndividualResearchTopics 14:00TutorialsonDesignExercise2

Week05 Mon 23/10 14:00 PINUP: Presentation of Design Exercise 2Wed 25/10 MS/PPThu 26/10 HTS+TSFri 27/10 10:00 PINUP: Presentation of Individual Research Topics 17:00DesignExercise3-Introduction

Week06 OpenWeekMon 30/10 OpenWeek:DesignExercise3Tue 31/10 OpenWeek:DesignExercise3Wed 01/11 14:00 PINUP: Presentation of Design Exercise 2Thu 02/11 OptionalResearchTrip:SwitzerlandInnovativeHousingProjectsFri 03/11 OptionalResearchTrip:SwitzerlandInnovativeHousingProjectsSat 04/11 OptionalResearchTrip:SwitzerlandInnovativeHousingProjectsSun 05/11 OptionalResearchTrip:SwitzerlandInnovativeHousingProjects

Week07Mon 06/11 OptionalResearchTrip:SwitzerlandInnovativeHousingProjectsWed 08/11 MS/PPThu 09/11 HTS+TS Fri 10/11 TutorialsonIndividualResearch

Calendar / Weekly Schedule


Week08Mon 13/11 TutorialsonIndividualResearchWed 15/11 MS/PPThu 16/11 HTS+TSFri 17/11 TutorialsonIndividualResearch

Week09Mon 20/11 DetournementMachineWed 22/11 PPconcludeThu 23/11 HTS+TSconclude Fri 24/11 10:00 Term 1 FINAL JURY: Individual Research 17:00IntroductiontoTheoryTopic4(JapanHousing)

Week10Mon 27/11 TutorialsonIndividualResearch/StudyTripResearchWed 29/11 MSconcludeFri 01/12 10:00 Hand-in of Chapter: Finalised Individual Research TutorialsonIndividualResearch/StudyTripResearch

Week11Mon 04/12 DesignBrief2Fri 08/12 ComplimentaryStudiesSubmissionsHandIn

Week12Sat 09/12 FlightsLondontoTokyoSun 10/12 TokyoMon 11/12 TokyoTue 12/12 TokyoWed 13/12 Osaka/KyotoThu 14/12 Osaka/KyotoFri 15/12 TokyoSat 16/12 20:00StudytripProgrammeConcludes Sun 17/12 IndividualTravelArrangementsasRequired

TERM 02 (11 weeks, 08 Jan - 23 Mar)

Week01Mon 08/01 PINUP:JapanResearchWed 10/01 am+pm:MS2ndYearCoursescommence(8sessions)(MArchPhaseIIJuries)Thu 11/01 am:HTS2nd/3rdYearCoursescommence(7sessions)(MArchPhaseIIJuries) pm:TS2nd/3rdYearCoursescommence(7sessions)Fri 12/01 Progress Reviews (only selected students) IndividualTutorials(MArchPhaseIIJuries)

Week02Mon 15/01 IndividualTutorialsWed 17/01 MSThu 18/01 HTS+TSFri 19/01 IndividualTutorials

Week03Mon 22/01 TSStrategyMeetingWed 24/01 MSThu 25/01 HTS+TSFri 26/01 IndividualTutorials

page18of32

Week04Mon 29/01 IndividualTutorialsWed 31/01 MSThu 01/02 HTS+TSFri 02/02 INTERIM JURY (with Invited Critics)

Week05 OpenWeekMon 05/02 IndividualTutorialsWed 07/02 MSsuspendedThu 08/02 HTS+TSsuspendedFri 09/02 OPENJURY

Week06Mon 12/02 IndividualTutorialsWed 14/02 MSThu 15/02 HTS+TS 19:00Train+taxiLondon-HookeParkFri 16/02 HookeParkSat 17/02 HookeParkSun 18/02 HookePark

Week07Mon 19/02 HookeParkTue 20/02 15:00LeaveHookeParkWed 21/02 MSThu 22/02 HTS+TSFri 23/02 INTERIM JURY (with invited critics)

Week08 Mon 26/02 IndividualTutorialsWed 28/02 MSThu 01/03 HTS+TSConcludeFri 02/03 IndividualTutorials(Secondyearsonly)

Week09Mon 05/03 TS INTERIM JURYWed 07/03 MSConcludesFri 09/03 GroupTutorial

Week10Mon 12/03 SECONDYEAR PREVIEW TABLESTue 13/03 SECONDYEAR PREVIEW TABLES (SecondyearshelpingThirdyearstudents)Fri 16/03 IndividualTutorials

Week11 Mon 19/03 INTERMEDIATE PREVIEWS FOR 3RD YEAR / PART 1Tue 20/03 INTERMEDIATE PREVIEWS FOR 3RD YEAR / PART 1Fri 23/03 EasterParty/EndofWinterTerm

Tue 17/04 MakeLabWed 18/04 MakeLabThu 19/04 MakeLabFri 20/04 MakeLabSat 21/04 MakeLab


TERM 03 (9 Weeks, 23 Apr - 22 June) Week01 Tue 24/04 TS3 FINAL REPORT Submission GroupmeetingandUnitBriefIntroductionFri 27/04 IndividualTutorials

Week02Mon 30/04 (bankholiday)Tue 01/05 PINUPThu 03/05 TS3HighPassPanelFri 04/05 IndividualTutorials

Week03Mon 07/05 IndividualTutorialsFri 11/05 IndividualTutorials

Week04 JuryWeek1Mon 14/05 IndividualTutorialsFri 18/05 FINAL JURY (with invited critics)

(Week05-08:PORTFOLIOFINALISATION/FINALVISUALISATION)

Week05 JuryWeek2Mon 21/05 IndividualTutorialsFri 25/05 IndividualTutorials

Week06Mon 28/05 (bankholiday)Tue 29/05 IndividualTutorialsFri 01/06 IndividualTutorials Week07Mon 04/06 SECONDYEARS FINAL TABLESTue 05/06 SECONDYEARS FINAL TABLES Fri 08/06 IndividualTutorials (SecondyearshelpingThirdyearstudents)

Week08(ExhibitionPreparation)Mon 11/06 THIRDYEARS FINAL TABLESTue 12/06 THIRDYEARS FINAL TABLESWed 13/06 UnitMeeting:ExhibitionThu 14/06 ExhibitionFri 15/06 Exhibition

Week09Mon 18/06 ExhibitionTue 19/06 AA INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION (RIBA/ARB PART 1)Wed 20/06 ExhibitionThu 21/06 ExhibitionFri 22/06 Projects Review EXHIBITION OPENING

EndofAcademicYear

page20of32

Thisyearwecontinuetoframeourresearchanddesignworkbystartingfromasubstantialpieceofresearch,asacrucialcomponentofunderstandingthecontext-contemporaryformsofhousinginLondon.Theresearchwillbeacrucialthinkingspacethroughwhichyouwillrespondtotheprovocationsoftheunitbriefandcultivateyourarguments.Youwilldevelopathesis-ascorequestionandassumption–tofocusthework,topropelitandtoevaluateyourarchitecturaldesignproject.

Thekey focusofour investigationthisyear is todiagnoseaparticular formofhousing,and its relationshiptoproductionandreproduction(ofinhabitants,personalities,beliefs,subjectivity).Yourresearchshouldbecon-cernedwithhistoricaldevelopmentsandcandrawrelationstoothertypesofprogramme,spheresoflife.Youareaskedtocriticallyinvestigatethespacesandnatureofthefuriouswork/consume/sleep/repeatritualofeverydaylifeinLondon,thinkingofhowarchitecturalchoreographymightplayapartinre-directing,channelling,interrupt-ingor‘exposing’toopenuppossibilitiesfornewformsoffreedom,andsharedexperiencesoffutureLondon.

Methodology

Yourfirsttaskwillbetofindatopictobegintheresearch,forsomeofyouthiswillbethethemethatyoure-mainworkingonthroughouttheyearandeventuallydesignaprojectfor,othersmightexpandintoothertopicsthatarerelated.Tohelpframethescopeoftheresearch,weasktocentrethestartoftheinvestigationsaroundthefollowingtwokeyquestions:

1)IdentifyanemerginggroupofinhabitantsorcommunitieslivinginLondon?Whataretheirsubjectivities,personalities,behaviouralpatterns,waysoflife,business/lifestylepreferences,etc.?And

2)Describetherelatedeconomicmodelthatappliestohousingthesepeopleorcommunities,including(ifapplicable)newformsofco-housingoralternativeownership.

Eachstudentshoulddemonstrateabasicknowledgeofhowoneofthecurrentlyemergingsharedeconomicmodelsworksandhowitrelatestothespatialcomposition(in2Dand3D)/modesofliving.Youshoulddemon-stratehistoricalknowledgeandfuturetrajectoryinsightsthroughresearchabouthowyourtypeofhousinghaschangedinaspecificcontext(potentiallyinrelationtoconsumerism,affectivecareetc).

Yourresearchcanincludeprecedentsanalysis,fieldstudies,literatureresearch,recordedinterviewsorafilmdocumentary.ThisshouldhelpyoufinduniquedataandinsightsonpressingissuesinthehousingsectorinLon-don,challengingthedeveloper-profitmodelbydescribingalternatives.

Eachresearchprojectshouldbebasedonconcreteexampleswitharangeofdetailedinformation.Yourtaskistobuildameaningfulpieceofresearchthatengageswiththecriticaltheoriesbeingdiscussedinseminars.Theresearchshouldincludethehistoryofthespecifictopic,placingitwithinalargersocio-economicalcontextanddocumentingthearchitecturalconsequencesofitsbusinessmodel.Thespecifichistoryofthetopicwillleadyoutohighlyrelevantconnectionsthatmayhavehappenedatglobal,nationalorcityscalesaswell,whichwillbeusefulinunderstandingthecontextandforcesunderlyingthebuilding(s)youarestudying.Inotherwordstounderstandthebuilding,programme,condition,siteyoumustalsohaveafocusedunderstandingofLondon,theeconomy,politicsandarchitecture–whicharesincemodernism,intimatelyentangled.

The thesis shouldaddress theexperience, architectureand spacesof the ritualof everyday life in the citytoday;andformanattitudeinrelationtothebriefsprovocationofcarvingoutgreaterspaceforfreedom,other-ness,togethernessand‘genuine’experiences.Theunitbriefitselfcanbeseenasakindofthesis,butyoursshouldbemuchmorespecificandpersonaltoyourownvantagepoint.Theunitbelievesthatthiskindofinvestigationshouldnotonlybeanecessarypreconditiontobecominganarchitect,butisoneofthemostessentialmediumsfordevelopingextraordinaryarchitecturalthoughtandproposals.ItisimportanttonotethatthisdocumentwillbedeliveredinafirstfinaldraftformattheendofOctober,butwillberevisedandredeliveredatthestartofterm2and3,anddeliveredinfinalfromwiththeendofyeardesignportfolio.

Outcomes

Allworkneedstobedocumentedandpresentedanimmaculateresearchdocument.Thelayoutandcontentsofthesheetsneedtobethoughtfullyandmeticulouslydesignedandmustdemonstratecriticalinsightsthaten-

Research Brief : Housing in London


Jessica Hindradjaja, analysis of a typical Starbucks retail space, which’ layout is based on behavioural psychology and marketing research. The customer service, arrangements of space and furniture attempt to set up casual relationships, domestic and caring spaces that new urban homes and life styles are lacking.

gage with the unit brief, the object of study and the context from within which it was born. The core of the research will be a 3000 word essay. Referenced architectural and or urban projects included in the research should illustrat-ed and in crucial cases, redrawn. The document should include collected samples of drawings, diagrams and pho-tographs. Any external sources in the document should be strictly referenced as is expected in academic research.

The individual research should extend naturally to the study of a building precedent or a general topic on ‘ur-ban life in japan’ during the study trip in December. Before the trip, each student will prepare research on a paral-lel subject or community in Japan to the one researched in London, and look at an unusual or innovative housing project that is based on an alternative economic model or houses an unusual community type.

Deliverables

1. A Thesis Abstract of one A4 containing a clear argument or question to drive the research (this may be updated later)

2. A Research Document which includes:

- a 3000 word essay (5000 max)

- Supporting drawings

- Illustrative Photographs

- Diagrams to explain concepts

page 22 of 32

(9-16December2017)

IsthefulfilmentofdesireinJapan,likeLondon,perpetuatingincreasedconsumption,carvingoutmorespacesforuniqueexpression,turninglifeintoleisureandconstantsatisfaction,leadingtoafutureofultimatepleasureandliberation?Alternativelyoratthesametime,doesitseemtobemakingpeoplesimplystrivetoattainevermoreimpressiveproductsandexperiences;isitbothrequiringpeopletoworkmoretoachievethesegoals,butatthesametimecomfortingthemandprovidingescapeastheytreadalifeinpursuitof‘desire?’Isithelpingtoalleviatepoliticalthoughtandaction,takingtimeawayfromreal‘play,’andfromtheexperienceandenjoymentrelationshipswithotherpeople?

Wewillre-employthetacticsdevelopedintheearlierresearchtechniquesinLondon–seekingtobuildacoher-entbodyofworkthatcontinuestoenrichandmakespecificourthesis.Wewillvisitnewco-workingspaces,crea-tiveandcollectivehousingdevelopments,andofcoursethevibrantstreetlifethatcontributestothehighdensityculturalandsocialinfrastructureforurbanlivinginJapan.

Deliverables

1.500-1000addendumtoyourresearchdocumenthistoricalstudyandpolemicalstatementorthesisabout thespaceandfeaturesofcontemporaryhousinginJapan

2.mappingandobservationsasdiagrams,shortfilmandapplicationoftacticsfromearliermappingexercises.

Field Trip : Japan

MoriyamaHouse,SANAA/KazuyoSejima&RyueNishizawa(Ohta-ku,Tokyo,2005) OkurayamaApartment,KazuyoSejima&Associates(Yoko-hama,KanagawaPrefecture,2008)

The traditional Japanese House. These houses were fluid, dynamic placeswhereroomswheremultifunctionalandwheretherewasnoteventhecon-ceptofindividualorprivacy.


“Allthatsqueezesitselfbetweenthebuildings,thatinsinuatesitselfbetweenthearchitecturaldrawingsandpoliticalplans,mustbecarefullypreservedbecauseitistherethatonefindsthecity’sfuture.”(RobertGuédiguian).

‘‘Theintriguingpointofatreeisthatplacesarenothermeticallyisolatedbutareconnectedtooneanotherinitsuniquerela-tivity.Tohearone’svoicefromacrossandabove,hoppingovertoanotherbranch,adiscussiontakingplaceacrossbranchesbymembersfromseparatebranches.Thesearesomeofthemomentsofrichnessencounteredthroughsuchspatiallydenseliving.’’(SouFujimotoonHouseNA).

TheoriginaltargetdemographicfortheNagakinCapsuleTowerbyKishoKurokawawerebachelorTokyo ‘salarymen’.Thecompactpieds-à-terreincludedawallofappliancesandcabinetsbuiltintooneside.Abathroomunit,aboutthesizeofanaircraftlavatory,wassetintoanoppositecorner(Wikipedia).

page 24 of 32

This ubiquitous principle is the need of cities for a most intricate and close-grained diversity of uses that give each other constant mutual support, both economically and socially. The components of this diversity can differ enor-mously, but they must supplement each other in certain concrete ways.-JaneJacobs,TheDeathandLifeofGreatAmericanCities(1961)

Urban Theory

AftertheresearchtriptoJapan,wewillcontinuetodevelopindividualprojectsandthesesaroundtheapplica-tionofourterm1researchtowardsLondon.Transformingand/orexpandingyourtheoretical,socialandeconomi-calstrategiesintoarchitecturalsystemsthatcontaininnovativestrategiesforhousinganddwellinginthecity,theprojectwillaimnotjusttoaddresshousingbutalsothefabricofthecityitself.

Continuingwithasiteselectionbasedonapoliticalandeconomicalunderstandingofthecity,eachindividualstudentwilldevelopamoredetailedandinsightfulprojectbriefbasedonthemanifestooutlinedattheendofterm1.Theproposalandthesisshould‘grow’inadirectrelationshiptotheresearchandwithcertainprovocativegoalswhichyoukeepformulatingandrefiningthroughashortthesisstatement.Yourconciseargumentwillneedtodemonstrateawarenessofthelimitedbutcriticalroleofthearchitectwithinthelargercontextofcomplexur-bandevelopmentsandthebodyofworkwithinarchitecturaldiscoursethatrelatesthehistoryoftheresearchedparticularambitions.

Design Brief : Radical Freedom

AlexChan,proposalforadifferentiatedframeworkforurbangrowthatWaterloostation,usingahighlyconcentratedurbanspacetoconnectdifferenttrafficflowsandoffera‘thirdplace’fortheenrichmentofpeople’sdailyroutinesbetweenliveandwork.


Urban Interventions

Centraltotheunit’sthesisframeworkistheassumptionthaturbandensitycanbeacatalystandincubator fornewtypesofactivitiesand interactions, improvingandevolving thesocio-economicaleffectivenessandculturalrichnessofthesocietiesthatoccupythem.Thesuccessfulplanningofur-banbuildingsreliesonawarenessofthecriticalandoftencontradictoryrequirementsofthevariousstakeholders.Beyondtheinterestsoflocalprogramparticipants,successfulandiconicurbanstructuresandspacesplayanimportantrolewithintheculturalandsocio-economicfabricofthecityasawhole,requiringstrategiesfortop-downplanningofkeyqualitiesaswellasforprocessesofuser-drivensys-temsofself-organisation.

Developingan in-depthunderstandingofLondon’smultiple infrastructuralnetworksandvarioususer groups of the site area, each studentwill develop design strategies to generate ‘architecturalsystems’capableofaltering,improvingorcomplimentingthespecificlocalcontextualconditions.Theproject’sfunctionalitiescouldbeunderstoodasaclusterorseriesofcustomdesignedfunctionalcom-ponents, ‘plugging in’ toa largeandcomplexproductioncentre foreconomical, social andculturalprogress-thecontemporarycityasacomplexmachine.Eachprojectproposalshouldcontinuetobeinformedbydetailedthreedimensionalmodelscontainingseverallayersofinformationincludingpro-grammapping,movementandactivitypatterns,environmentaldataandamappingof thephysicalpropertiesurbansurfacesandspacesthroughoutthesite.Understandingthatthekeyplayerswithinthecomplexnetworksofurbanecologiesaretheusers,operatingthroughofawiderangeofmotiva-tionsandstimulatedbythematerialandenvironmentalqualitiesofarchitecturalspaces,ourgoalistocreatestrategichighqualityurbanenvironmentsthatmergecirculationandprograms,economicandculturalinterests,predictableandspontaneousevents,adurablearchitecturalidentityandthecapacitytoadaptandevolveovertime.

Inhabitation

Thefinalphaseofprojectdevelopmentwillseektore-addressthelocalscale,correlatingtheindi-vidualqualitiesofsmallandmediumsizedurbanandarchitecturalspaceswiththelargerencompass-ingurbaninterventionstrategy.Placingemphasisonthedevelopmentofarchitecturalsystems,sub-systems,rulesandexceptions,projectsareexpectedtoachieveadditionaldepthandrealismthroughtheexplorationand visualisationof thedetailed aspectsof lifewithin the site. Througha seriesofsmallscaleinvestigationsintothesuitabilityofdesignedarchitecturalspacestosupporttherangeofactivitiesthat isdesired,eachprojectwilldevelopaselfcriticalandrichvocabularyguidedbyuser-drivenperspectivesunfoldingatdifferenttimeframesandscales.Projectswilladdresstangibleaspectsdeemedcriticaltotheparticularthesiswhichmayincludeforexample;developingmateriality,humanscale inhabitationscenarios,detailsof theproposals interface to theexistingcity, andarchitecturalcomponentdetailsamongothers.

Methodology

Ourdesignproposalswilldevelopinparallelwiththestudyingofprecedents,analysingbothhis-toricalandcontemporarymodelsandstrategiesforhighdensitymixedusebuildingswithurbanpublicspaces. Each studentwill cataloguepossible structural typologies basedon the characteristics of aspecificchosenconstructionsystem,investigatedaspartofthedeliverablesfortheTechnicalStudiessubmission.

Wewillanalysevariouscirculationprinciplesandclusteringstrategiesinrelationtosocial,econom-icandenvironmentalparameters.Recognisingthethreatoffunctionalobsolescenceinanunfamiliarandeverchangingcontext,wewilladjustourstrategiestoallowfordevelopmentandadaptationovertime,distinguishingbetweenmodelsthataremoreandlessoptimised,plannedandunplanned.Us-ingcreativeandprovocativedesignmeasurestoexertindirectcontrol,wewilldevelop‘platforms’or‘frameworks’forurbanlife,describingtheinteractionbetweenarchitecturalsystemsandsocial,eco-nomicandculturalactivitiesratherthanjustmodellingarchitecturalobjectsinisolation.

page26of32

Togetherwiththetestingofeachproject’spotentialstoprovidearangeofperformativein-betweenspacesinrelationtoenclosedprogrammedspaceandtheexistingflowsandfabricofthesurroundingcity,wewilldevelopstrategiestoevaluateanddiscusstheperformanceofdifferentoptionsofeachproposalanddescribethequalitiesofitsspace.Placingastrongemphasisonthecentralroleofanintegrated,three-dimensionaldigitalmodelforthedevelopmentandtestingofstrategiesfordesign,wewilldevisetechniquesfortheextractionofdrawingsanddiagramstoevaluateitsworkingsinsectionandplans.Physicalmodelsanddigitalrenderingswillhelptovisualisepotentialqualitiesinthearchitecturalandurbaninteriorspacesandwillserveasdiscussionpieceswithinthede-velopmentoftheprojectratherthanrepresentationalmaterialstowardstheend.

Final Portfolio Development

Theunitplacesastrongemphasisonthedevelopmentofbuildingproposalswithahighdegreeofrealismandconstructability,toaddtothespeculativeandprovocativenatureofthework.Eachstudentisexpectedtoadoptaconstructive,self-criticalandtransparentattitudetowardstheanalysisofhis/herdesignwork,understandingthatfailedattemptsarecruciallearningtoolstofindthelimitsandpotentialfurtherimprovementstrategieswithintheproject.

Theunitrequiresahighlyself-motivatedandproject-specificplanningofworktimeanddeliverables,expect-ingstudentstoplantheproductionofdiagrams,drawings,physicalmodels,animationsandvisualisationsoranyothercommunicativemeanstobestexploreandcommunicatetheuniquepropertiesofeachproject’sapproach.Physicalmodelsarehighlyrecommendasatooltoinvestigateanddemonstratescenarioswhicharebuiltuponanintegratedstrategyofdesign,constructionandurbandevelopment.Wewilluseadditionaldiagrams,renderings,digitalandphysicalmodelstoevaluatetheinternalenvironmentalandthequalityofspacewithineachproject,asthevisualisationoftheuserperspectiveandtheexperienceofthespacesarecentraltosuccessfulandconvincingprojectportfolio.

Withintheunit,theyearlongportfolioisperceivedasathoroughandcomplete,self-explanatorydocumentandthesis‘argument’-ratherthanachronologicalrecordingoftheyearsactivities.Itiscontinuouslyadaptedandeditedtoincludeawiderangeofdifferenttypesofwrittenandvisualinformation,exploringandexplainingthedevelopmentoftheproject.Portfoliosshouldbedesignedusingrefinedandseductivelayoutsandgraphics,com-biningacomprehensiveprocessnarrativewithimmersivevisualsthatareconvincingoftheinherentqualitiesofspaceanddemonstratingthearguablyvalidpredictionsoftheirusage.

Outcomes

Theindividualprojectswillbeexpandeduponthroughaniterativedevelopmentofintegrateddigitaldesignmodels. Todocumentandcommunicate theproposals a seriesofdrawingsanddiagrams isextractedateachstageofdevelopment,helpingtoevaluatetheprojectinrelationtothebriefandeachstudentspersonalthesis.Renderingsandphysicalmodelswillhelptodescribethequalityofthespaceswithintheproposal,andcanbesupplementedbytime-baseddiagramsoranimationstodescribethechangesovertimeofthequalitiesandfunc-tionalitieswithineachproject.Thefinalfocusofeachprojectshouldbeontheuseractivities,aimingtoargueforthesuccessfulpredictionoftherangesandchangingpatternsofusewithintheproject,demonstratingthecor-relationsbetweenthearchitecturalmeasuresembeddedwithinthesiteandtheirintendedcontributionstothelargercontext.

Minimum Deliverables (to be adapted and expanded)

1.diagramsexplainingdigitaldesignmodelforurbanproposalandthecorrelationbetweenphysical parametersanddesiredqualitiesandactivitieswithinthesite

2.annotatedplanandsectiondrawingsoftheprojectwithinthesite

3.visualisationsofarchitecturalandurbaninteriorspaces

4.physicalmodeloffragmentand/oroverallprojectwithsite

5.diagramsofinhabitationanddevelopmentscenarioovertime


WoojinKim, ‘TheNewCollective’.Explorationofanadaptivearchitecture toaccommodatenewformsofcollective living,offeringmechanisms for residents toorganiseawiderangeof localisedsharedactivities inaself-organisedmanner.Usingacompactingunit–slidingrailsystemforcollapsingofunitsduringhourstheyarenotbeingused;andbyplacing‘floors’onlyinstrategicareasofthebuilding,inhabitantscannegotiateanecologyofpocketsatamultitudeofscales.

page28of32

contemporaryurbanismandpublicspace/’Delirious New York’, Rem Koolhaas, The Monacelli Press, 1978.‘Heterotopia and the City’, Michael Dehaene & Lieven DeCauter, 2008.‘InstantCities’,HerbertWright,BlackDogPublishing,2008

‘Topologies:TheUrbanUtopiainFrance,1960-70’,LarryBusbea,MITPress,2007.

‘FutureCity:ExperimentandUtopiainArchitecture’,JaneAlison,Marie-AngeBrayer,ThamesandHudson,2007.

‘Beyondarchitecture:imaginativebuildingsandfictionalcities’,RobertKlanten,Lu-kasFeireiss,Gestalten,2009.

‘Requiem:FortheCityattheEndoftheMillenium’,SanfordKwinter,Actar,2010.

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Documents

The Everyday Transfigured - AA School Homepage...Image (Front) - WoojinKim, Intermediate 6 2016–17. The New Collective,exploration of an adaptivearchitecture to ac- commodate new