The Electrification of the AutomobileThe Electrification of the Automobile

EPRI Summer SeminarTony PosawatzGeneral Motors

CorporationVehicle Line Director,

Chevrolet VOLTAugust 5th, 2008

COLLECTIVE GOAL: FREEDOM FROM OIL DEPENDENCY Oil Provides 96% of Fuel for Transportation

Fleet & < 3% for Electricity

US Uses 21M Barrels of Oil per Day - - 9M for Gasoline (personal transportation) - - 2.8 gallons/day of oil per person in the US

Long-term Plan Required - - new cars account for < 7% of US Fleet - - 92% of US households own car, 25% own 3 or more

Oil is Largest Source of Heat-trapping Gases in US

- - 44% of CO2 from Oil- - Burning a gallon of gas releases 20 lbs. of

CO2

GREAT Plug-In PRODUCTs Req’d – THE CHEVY VOLT

GREAT Partnerships Req’d!

>30 U.S. and Canadian Utility Companies

– 37 States– 2 Provinces

Market AnalysisPublic

Education

Seamless Customer

Experience

1st-generation Technical Features

Macro Value Analysis

Public Policy

Customer and Product

Business and Policy

“We must all hang together or

most certainly, we will all hang separately”

Benjamin Franklin

Key Objectives of PartnershipKey Objectives of Partnership

Accelerate use of electricity to replace gasoline

Create affordable, desirable vehicles that take advantage of the grid

Provide accessible, reliable, convenient, low-cost electricity

Educate the public about electric vehicles

Realize environmental benefits of the plug-in revolution

Energy Diversity

GM Electrification since the EV1

2-Mode PHEV - VUE

E-REV - VOLT

PHEV and E-REV Philosophy

Objective:Displace petroleum – up to 50%

Approach:Convert conventional full hybrids to use grid energy to displace petroleum

Objective:Displace Petroleum – 80+% Enable everyday ZEV driving

Approach:New propulsion system with full electric performanceVehicle architecture to allow packaging of large batteryMore Electrification: Greater BenefitsMore Electrification: Greater Benefits

VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATIONBATTERY BATTERY T-PACK T-PACK

DOMINATES THE VEHICLE DOMINATES THE VEHICLE PACKAGEPACKAGE

SMALL FUEL TANKSMALL FUEL TANK

VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION

USING GM’S USING GM’S GLOBAL COMPACTGLOBAL COMPACT CHASSISCHASSIS

VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION

CARRY OVERCARRY OVERGLOBAL COMPACT GLOBAL COMPACT

WHEELBASEWHEELBASE

ALL KEY ARCHITECTURE ALL KEY ARCHITECTURE INTERFACES COMMONINTERFACES COMMON

VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATIONCONVENTIONAL CONVENTIONAL FRONT WHEEL DRIVEFRONT WHEEL DRIVE

SET-UPSET-UPLEVERAGING POWERTRAIN PORTFOLIOLEVERAGING POWERTRAIN PORTFOLIO• MODIFIED FAM 0 ENGINE (1.4 L, 4 cylinder)MODIFIED FAM 0 ENGINE (1.4 L, 4 cylinder)

LEVERAGING POWERTRAIN PORTFOLIOLEVERAGING POWERTRAIN PORTFOLIO• ELECTRIC DRIVE-UNIT ELECTRIC DRIVE-UNIT

PREPARED FOR FUTURE PORTFOLIO PREPARED FOR FUTURE PORTFOLIO GROWTHGROWTH

VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION

>1 billion vehicles ~3% annual growth worldwide~300M vehicles added from today’s 800M~ 12% - 15% ownership growth

Fisker$$

TeslaModel S

New Prius*

Competitive OutlookPlug-ins are Coming!

Hybrid

PHEV

EREV

EVTesla

$$TH!NKCity*

NissanEV

HondaDedicated

Hybrid*

HondaCivic

Hybrid*

PriusPHEV

MercedesA-class

VWHybrid

iMiEV

NissanEREV?

HondaCR-Z*

MiniEV*

NissanEV fleet

VUEPHEV

TH!NKOx

Th!nk plans to lease the battery

SmartForTwo

Fundamental Steps to be Taken

General Motors is Driving to Lead the “Electrification of the Automobile”

- - “Mastery itself is the prize of this venture” Churchill

Opportunities Abound but Focus on Basics is Key - - Plan for Readiness for 1st vehicles in 2010 - - Customers, Homes & Businesses must be Enabled

“Action This Day” Churchill - - Offer customers home certification services - - Facilitate Charging (incl. Public & 220V)

- - Support in other creative ways

INDUSTRY INDUSTRY TRANSFORMATIONTRANSFORMATION REQUIRES BOLD REQUIRES BOLD ACTIONACTION