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The Electric Industry:Key Issues Shaping the Transformation
Wanda Reder, IEEE FellowChief Strategy Officer, S&C Electric Company
2017 IEEE President‐Elect Candidate
OMICRON Canada Protection Symposium 2016 016
September 7, 2016
1
S&C Delivers Integration Solutions
Grid EdgeStorage
10’s of kWSubstation Batteries
10’s of MW
Distributed Intelligence and Control
Micro‐grids
Solar Integration
Dynamic VARs
Single Phase Cutout MountedRecloser
Issues Shaping the Clean Energy Transformation
4
By 2025 US is aiming for ~28% reduction in greenhouse gases of 2005 levels
Source: Carbon Brief Clear on Climate “Paris 2015: Tracking Country Climate Pledges”
US Climate Pledge at 2015 Paris Energy Summit
Emissions by Country: 1990 - 2014 Renewables by Country: 2006 - 2014
US National Fuel Mix Is Changing: 2005 ‐ 2015
2005 US National Fuel Mix 2015 US National Fuel Mix
Natural Gas +13.7% Coal -15.6% Renewable +4.9%
Source: US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration
Technologies:• Energy storage• Power electronics • Distributed intelligence• Adaptive protection• Layered architecture• Self‐diagnostic, healing• Data, cyber, analytics
So what? It Changes How We…
Make Energy: • More distributed supply• Accommodate growth
Move Energy:• Flexible, intelligent, resilient• Increase visibility
Use Energy: • Integrate end‐use activity• Empower customers
Source: IEEE GridVision 2050
Rate of Solar installations per minute in the US is declining
2014: One installation every 2.5 minutes
Google Map Snapshot of IkeaFrisco, Texas
Changes how we “Make It”: Price, Behavior
Storage costs are following solarMore Electric Vehicles are Coming
Incremental capacity is coming from customers
Technology Advances Can be Disruptive
Source: “Utility Marketplace with a Texas Twist” Tim Hein, Oncor, April 2015
“Move It” Old Grid
“Move It” Modern Grid
© S&C Electric Company 2016, all rights reserved
Bi‐directional power flow is driving circuit design changes
EPB Chattanooga’s Smarter Smart Grid
EPB Chattanooga500,000 customer municipal
Smart GridStarted with fiber everywhere
Smart Switches1200 units on all 12kV
Interruptions Avoided: 2011 - 2014
5:31:09 PM
11,258 customers without power
5:31:37 PM
10,000 customers restored
5:31:52 PM
800 more customers restored
5:37:47 PM
All customers restored
Storm Jan, 2013
Source: David Wade, EPB Chattanooga, presented for DOE, Dec. 2014 “EPB’s Smarter Smart Grid”
Using Storage to Manage Chaos
Source: SDG&E, June 2014 - Thomas Bialek
Batteries smooth intermittent solar generation
-4
-3.5
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1:55 PM 2:24 PM 2:52 PM 3:21 PM
Pow
er(k
W)
PV Output
PV Smoothed by Storage
Control Ramp Rate
Benefits of Storage and Renewables
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• Smooth intermittency
• Minimize reverse power flow, keeps voltage within limits
• Store output and release coincidental with local load
• Control ramp rate
Net Load
Energy Storage ‐ Solar Hybrid Project
Energy Storage – Wind Hybrid Project
“Using It” Changes by Enabling Customer Choice with Individualized Services
Source: The Edison Foundation Institute for Electric Innovation, Thought Leaders Speak Out: Key Trends Driving Change in the Electric Power Industry, December 2015
Minster Project Roles14
Merchant Market
Suppliers
Customers
Owner-Developer
Community
Community advocacy presents a promising business opportunity
New Investor Models and Markets
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7MW/3MWH Energy Storage4.2 MW PV Plant
Half Moon Ventures owns‐operates solar and storage for the Minster, Ohio community
ONCOR Microgrid Example
• Founded on the Brattle report recommending 5000 MW of storage in ERCOT
• Utilizes distributed generation – two solar photovoltaic arrays– a microturbine– two energy storage units – four generators
• Energy storage is the backbone
A showcase to promote utilities to rate base energy storage batteries for distribution system support and wholesale market services
Many Opportunities Remain
• Regulatory, ownership, price issues
• Re‐defining the roles and processes: planning, design, operations
• Standards for interoperability
• Develop workforce competencies
• Capability for dynamic operations
• Utilize lots of data, varying time domains
• Overcome security obscurities
AnIntegrated
Grid
A Modern Grid is Integrated
Graphic Source: Mark McGranaghan, EPRI “International Game Changers” Denver CO July 2015
Distribution Automation Protection: Present and Future
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Existing DA: Discrete device
based (reclosers, sectionalizers, transfer schemes)
Substation‐based Fully centralized
(e.g. DERMS, FLISR systems, etc.)
Decentralized (IntelliTeam‐ II / ‐SG)
Future DA: Utility owned/operated
microgrids Market signal based (similarities
to real‐time pricing) Architecture
o Centralized ‐‐ complete knowledge of everything, including your toaster, sent to the Control Center versus
o Decentralized ‐‐minimum knowledge of the system required to operate safely
Obvious Protection Related Questions
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Distribution protective element selection and coordination o Can transmission protection concepts (impedance, line diff, etc.) be
translated to distribution?o Can existing distribution protection be adapted to support the
operational paradigm? New protection design, testing, and operations basis
o Worst case conditions (present standard)?o Probabilistic assessment that identifies the limits of protection, as a
possible real‐time input to operations (future approach)? Communication design and testing basis
o The outside world is moving toward nearly perfect comms (4G+, 5G, LTE, fiber, etc.) everywhere.
o Design for perfect comms, No comms, Degraded comms?o Testing approach for comms‐based protection?
In Closing…
Wanda RederChief Strategy Officer - S&C Electric Company
• Transformation underway
• Rethinking how we:
– Make it
– Move it
– Use it
• Integration, distributed intelligence, renewables, storage are key
• More to do: a resource www.smartgrid.ieee.org
IEEE Election PeriodAug 15, 2016 – Oct 3, 2016
2017 IEEE President-Elect Candidatewww.wandareder.com
