The el Project- a book about children with attachment disorder

8/9/2019 The el Project- a book about children with attachment disorder

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-el-project-a-book-about-children-with-attachment-disorder 1/92

T Pr j t





G rmain La I Pars ns T N w S l f D sign I D sign and Manag m nt I N rman Fr man and R b rt Rabin vitz I S ni r T sis I Spring 2010

G rmain Laenriching life through the power of trust






AbstrActAs man nd r d v l p d ntri s ar ma ing an ff rt t arm nizt ir s i t , ntri s li S t Afri a r main as aving n f t

ig st rim and rp an rat .

D spit s m fa t rs a sing t sit ati n ma b d t t p v rtl v l, st di s b W rld Visi n r p rt d t at rp ans in d v l ping

ntri s r a ing 16 ars ag d t f ad pti n pr grams ar t n plain t w r f r . W il t s 145 milli n rp ans ar still illit rat and

ns ill d t ma a living, man f t m, s bs q ntl , f ll w d twr ng pat in lif wit a statisti s s wing 60 p r nt girls t rn intpr stit t s, w il 75 p r nt b s t rn int ard n d riminals. N t nlar t l ading t wr ng pat f r t ms lv s, m rging as vi tims f

rim , t ar als r ating m r s ial pr bl ms b p ssibl bringingt ir n t g n rati n ba t rp anag s r p v rt .

W il la ing p si al s ills is a ntrib ting fa t r t t pr bl m,t s rp ans als la t pp rt nit t satisf m ti nal n dsfrom a motherly gure at a young age living in orphanages. Without ad p ndabl r lati ns ip wit t ir ar giv rs, rp ans ar m r li lt d v l p r s w s mpt ms f d ta m nt iss s, mm nl n wn asR a tiv Atta m nt Dis rd r (RAD), a nditi n w n ildr n la ingthe ability to be affectionate with others and having dif culty engagingin lasting r lati ns ips. Wit t lif -l ng ps l gi al disabilit , t s

rp ans ar limit d t f w r pti ns and pp rt niti s in lif .

T l Pr j t intr d s t m ti n ards, a l arning and int ra tivard s st m t lp stim lat mm ni ati n b tw n ar giv rs andrp ans. B sing imag s f a ti n, pr ssi n and lif p ri n s,rp ans will av t pp rt nit t int ra tiv wit ar giv rs andt r rp ans, all wing t is vital nv rsati n ab t tr st in pr ssing

inn r m ti n t b gin and gr w.

Al ng pr viding an asi n f r rp ans t v i t ir m ti ns, T lPr j t will als giv pp rt nit t ar giv rs and rp ans t stablisa s r d and lasting r lati ns ip, in additi n t l ading rp ans t amore ful lling life and blessing their next generation in living better livesawa fr m p v rt .



T l Pr j t enriching life through the power of trust

“ The ThING ABouT kIDS IS ThAT They exPReSSeMoTIoN. They DoN'T hoLD BAck . IF They WANT

To cRy, They cRy, AND IF They ARe IN A GooDMooD, They'Re IN A GooD MooD. ”

- eDDIe MuRPhy Actor, comediAn




tAble of contents

ReSeARch: bAckground informAtion

definition : poverty 6-8 statistics : worldwide poverty 9 relation : orphan and poverty 10 definition : orphan 11 statistics : orphan population and future projection 12 orphan population vs . u . s population 13 relation : poverty and crime 14 statistics : crime rate in developing countries 15

onclusion : orphan and crime 17

understAnding the problem

challenges : what they lack growing up as orphans ? 20

definition : attachment types 21 reactive attachment disorder 22 factors : contributing to reactive attachment disorder 23 complications : associated with reactive attachment disorder patients 24 physical & mental growth delay 25

opportunity : children with rad in a family vs . orphans with rad 26

AnAlysis: understAnding humAn needs

brainstorming : mind map 30-31

theory : maslow ’s hierarchy of needs 32 max -neef ’s human scale development 33existing solution : adoption 35 improvement on current facilities and resources 36 child sponsorship programs 37 ngo ’s outreach programs 38 treatments and therapies 39 analysis of attachment -based therapy 40

conclusion on findings 41

AnAlysis: AdditionAl reseArch

case studies : epals 44-45 world vision 46-47 tuesday ’s children 48-49 big brothers and big sisters 50-51 interview : joanna cheung 52 adoptive mother 53 dr . jin 54-55

intervention: emotion cArds

project goal 58 possible ideas and opportunities 59 prototyping : 1

2 62

operation : final emotion cards design instruction of game 66

ways to utilize the cards 67 system map 68 advantage of product 69 target group : orphan personas

storyboard 73

anticipated outcome 74 project business plan : timeline 75 potential partnerships & sponsorships

potential countries for implementation

brAnding concept

naming the project 82 initial poster design 83 final poster design 84

sources 85

60-61

63-65

70-72

76-7778-79

9







reseArch: bAckground informAtion

definition: poverty

stAtistics: worldwide poverty relAtion: orphAn And poverty

definition: orphAn stAtistics: orphAn populAtion And future projection

orphAn populAtion vs. u.s populAtion relAtion: poverty And crime stAtistics: crime rAte in developing countries

conclusion: orphAn And crime




ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNdefinition: poverty

w a ?b T W rld Ban

· hunger.· lack of shelter.· being sick and not being able to see a doctor.· not having access to school and not knowing how to read.· not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time.· losing a child to illness brought about by unclean water.· powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom.

6




Ar nt st d was nd t d f r w ba n w t s rv d 60,000w m n and m n fr m 73 ntri s living in p r nditi ns e e

. T r s lts n l d d ve s ci ec ic ac s t atmade them be viewed or simply classi ed them as the underprivileged.


7




f irstl , t ar sh a a hea , n m al a da r v n ma ing riti al d isi n

t pr vid f r t ir ng r ild r t ms lv s.S ndl , a a . W n famil m mb r isin n d f m di al ar r w n r p fails s rt and tl al m n l nd r arg s an nb arabl int r st, pingt famil in s m tim s a lif l ng d bt. T irdl , t p r

nsid r t ms lv s nd r-privil g d, as t d n’t avs cie s se hei chi e sch . In additi nt t ir inabilit t pr vid f r s ling, t s p pl arals a e a a s a e h e. oft ntim s, wning a

s t at n ds nstant r pair and additi nal ar d ringbad w at rs in ntrast. Finall , t p r pr ss d t iri ca a i i access c ea i i a e .

W il p pl in t u.S. nsid r t ms lv s p r wit 97p r nt f t s wing a l r TV, s m t r q art r ft m wn a ar, air- nditi ning and a ss t alt ar ;p pl in lif -t r at ning living nditi ns, p r aps, n v r

ard f an inv nti n all d t l visi n.


8




ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNstAtistics: worldwide poverty

l ing m r in d pt , T W rldBan r l as d t lat st stimat

f a t tal f ve 1.4 i i he a i living n r nd r t

p v rt lin f $1.25 p r da in 2008.

Alt g m ar impr v d v rtimwit int rnati nal aids and n mi sta ing- ff, t r nt gl bal f d risisand rising st f n rg , as w ll as gl bal

nancial crisis is feared to a100 i i i ve . N t nl d sp v rt aff t a ntr ’s gr wt and

pansi n, t ea h 24,000 chi ea is als d t p v rt , a rding t

uNIceF.

9




ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNrelAtion: orphAn And poverty

w it a rising p v rt p p lati n ar nd t w rld andf w r r s r s and int rnati nal aids, man famili sliving in p v rt ; a e vi e asic ee s a

e ca i s hei chi e , pt t giv p t ir ildr n ta s mingl m r appr priat nvir nm nt, ping t giv t ir

ildr n a b tt r pp rt nit t liv a n rmal lif . As a r s lt,loving but nancially unavailable parents, hoping for the best out

f t sit ati n, gav p t ir i ldr n t rp anag s. Littl didt n w, t s n d at d ildr n, la ing a r l m d l andg idan in lif living in rp anag s, will m st li l f ll w tst ps f t ir par nts and r l ba t p v rt as t gr w.

10




ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNdefinition: orphAn

f r m a diff r nt p rsp tiv , w v r,the general de nition of orphana rding t u.s. c a

I i a i Se vices is “ he ea h isa ea a ce , a a e ese i , se a a i ss

, h a e s.”

Such de nition also includes situations whenm t r f t ild is aliv , w v r, is nablt pr p rl ar f r t ild, and t r f rsigns ff pap rw r t l gall r l as t ildf r migrati n and ad pti n.

A rding t unicef , ha is a chi h has a .

In 2007 , t r ar 145 i i rp ans in s b-Sa ara Afri a, Asia, LatinAm ri a and t caribb an b t is standard, wit 13 i i rp ans wit int t tal p p lati n l sing b t par nts.

11




ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNstAtistics: worldwide orphAn populAtion & future projection

b r a ing d wn t statisti s f t stimat d rp an p p lati nsar nd t w rld in 2007 b uNIceF, t bigg st rp anp p lati n r mains i he S -Saha a A ica 47 i i ,

f ll w b t r maind r f Afri a wit a st nning t tal f an t r 47milli n. F rt larg st rp an p p lati ns am fr m t d v l pingS t Asia ntri s wit 37 milli n and t r st f east Asia andPaci c of 30 million. Lastly, Latin America and Caribbean and Centraleast rn e r p /c mm nw alt f Ind p nd nt Stat s ntri smad p t r st f 17 milli n, s mming t grand t tal f a

a i 145 i i i e i 2007 al n . c ntri s liAfri a ar m r li l t g t a i in rp an p p lati n in ming

ars as par nts f ildr n living in p v rt ar d ing f AIDS rt r r lat d dis as s.

Wit t a s pp rting s st m fr m t g v rnm nt r int rnati nalaids t gr w t f p v rt , t a a e ec e hi e 210 i i s i e .

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G rmain La I Pars ns T N w S l f D sign I D sign and Manag m nt I N rman Fr man and R b rt Rabin vitz I S ni r T sis I Spring 2010*unicef AnnuAl report

T rr nt u.S. p p lati n is j st a littl v r 307

milli n, w il t w rldwid rp an p p lati n is p t d

t r a 210 i i .*

ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNstAtistics: worldwide orphAns vs. u.s. populAtion

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ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNrelAtion: orphAn And crime

C ies i h he hi hes ha a i a s a ea have s e hehi hes c i e a es i he .

Alt g t r ar i ec e a i e ee ha a c i e , s i l gists s sp t d t at rp ans wit minimald ati n and s ills wind p b ing vi tims f rim , ce a a .

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G rmain La I Pars ns T N w S l f D sign I D sign and Manag m nt I N rman Fr man and R b rt Rabin vitz I S ni r T sis I Spring 2010*uNoDc STATISTIcS (2003-2008)

I e i a H ci eS a is ics(rat p r 100,000 p p lati n)*

e a 6.5

59.5Ja aica

e sa a 52.8

u a a 8.7

S h A ica 36.5

h 60.9C ia 6.5

r a f a 14.2

ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNstAtistics: crime rAte in developing countries

14

15




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As a r s lt, 60% f t i s ec e s i es and 70% f ts ec e ha e e c i i a s d t la f d ati n and s ills.*

ReSeARch: BAckGRouND INFoRMATIoNconclusion: orphAns And crime

* A STuDy oN ukRAINe oRPhANS

17







reseArch: understAnding the problemchAllenges: whAt they lAck growing up As orphAns?

definition: AttAchment types reActive AttAchment disorder

fActors: contributing to reActive AttAchment disorder complicAtions: AssociAted with reActive AttAchment disorder pAtients

physicAl & mentAl growth delAy

opportunity: children with rAd in A fAmily vs. orphAns with rAd




ReSeARch: uNDeRSTANDING The PRoBLeMchAllenges: W at t la gr wing p as rp ans?*

l a ing d ati n pp rt nit is rtainl a ntrib tingfa t r t t pr bl m; w v r, t s rp ans als la

m ti nal s pp rt, stigmatizati n , l v fr m a famil andl gal rig ts to live a normal life. Many non-pro t organizations

wit g als t impr v ildr n’s lif av alr ad st p f t intthe situation by helping ght for the rights and provide trainingf r t s nf rt nat s, t ar , n n t l ss, la ing t

m ti nal s pp rt t bring fait ba int t ir liv s.

em ti nal s pp rt , parti larl , g s wa ba int anindivid al’s ild d w n /s b nds wit a primar

ar giv r t stablis tr st and l v in a r lati ns ip. A d platta d ar giv r- ild r lati ns ip pr vid s t ild a s rbas t l an n w il pl ring and p ri n ing t w rld.

*yAhA NeTWoRk

20




ReSeARch: uNDeRSTANDING The PRoBLeMdefinition: relAtionship types

*yAhA NeTWoRk

21

Atta m nt t p vari sfr m n ild t an t r,and the identi ed

r lati ns ip t p ma angv rtim if nvir nm nt r

r lati ns ip b m s nstablt ild. F r main t p s fatta m nt ar rr ntl

n wn t at rg riz manr lati ns ip.

Am ng t f r t p s, sec ea ach e is t m st

mm n t p f r lati ns ips n in m st alt m t r and

ild sit ati n. B a s f tl v l f s rit t at a s rr lati ns ip pr vid s, t ild

n ws w at t p t and ard p nd nt if fa d infamiliarsit ati n.

Av i e a ach e is a t pi al t p f ins ratta m nt b tw n ar giv rand ild. R as ns f r sr lati ns ip ma b d tin nsistant ar fr m primar

ar giv r r abs nts f ar ing n ral. c ildr n wit av id ntatta m nt ma app ar tb v rl ind np nd nt andign rant. As an i t and

aggr ssi n b ilds, a ti ns sas biting, itting, p s ing, ands r aming ma b m m rappar nt and fr q nt. c ildr nalso have dif culties playingwit t r ildr n f t irag , and t simpl d n t s

ar giv r as a s r bas td p nd n.

A iva e a ach eis an t r t p f ins rr lati ns ip t at a ildma d v l p. T s ildr n

nstantl s f ling fs rit b r p ating rtaina ti ns t draw ar giv r’satt nti n and mf rt. T irn d t b nt r f att nti nma als a s t m t a t andtal li an infant and b v r-

m ti nal w n ar giv r is tf sig t.

T last t p f r lati ns ippatt rn is aa ach e . Dis rganiz dchildren tend to have dif culties

pr ssing t ir n ds,s m tim s pr ssing n dst at ar ard t nd rstandand irrati nal. T als app ar

to have dif culties and pay noatt nti n t nd rstanding t rildr n’s f lings. B a s f

t mpl it f atta m ntpatt rn, s mpt ms ma diff rfr m da t da .



T l Pr j t enriching life through the power of trust*uNoDc STATISTIcS (2003-2008)

ReSeARch: uNDeRSTANDING The PRoBLeMdefinition: reActive AttAchment disorder

t w main t p s f b avi ral patt rns in RAD ar n wn asIndis riminat l s ial-disin rit d patt rn and em ti nallwit drawn-in ibit d patt rn. c ildr n s ff ring fr m

I isc i i a e s cia - isi he i e a e av s all wand super cial, yet overly assertive social behaviors. They are

ns l tiv and ar p n t n w t ings r p pl , w v r,fri nds ip r mains n t s rfa ; n m ti n r r lati n ars wn d p d wn in t ir art . on t t r and, ildr nwit E i a i h a -i hi i e a e ar in apabl f

f rming r lati ns ip d t t ir l n s m b avi r t t t rworld. Oftentimes, these children are terri ed of others and arenwilling t parti ipat in an nv rsati n r a tivit . Alt g

primar diagn sis ar d n n ildr n, t nag rs and ad lts witan nstabl and r l ild d will s m tim s arr atta m ntpr bl ms as t mat r , a sing an v n gr at r pr bl m t br s lv d. T t is da , t r ar e ec ive ea e s f r

ildr n t f ll al fr m t dis rd r, as a r s lt, man ildr nwere left to ght the life-long disorder alone.

A rding t Diagn sti and Statisti al Man al f M ntal Dis rd rs, 4t editi n, r DSM-IV, a pr f ssi nal g id b p blis d b t Am ri anPs iatri Ass iati n...

reActive AttAchment disorder (rAd) is a mplps iatri illn ss t at an aff t ng ildr n and ar

s all f nd b f r t ag f 5 . It is ara t riz d bserious problems in emotional attachments to others .

“W -W s & dav (2003) a a - v w s sa a a b as a as one million , a a

a a , a s w rAd uSA.”

22




ReSeARch: uNDeRSTANDING The PRoBLeMfActors: contributing to reActive Attchment disorder*

*MAyo FouNDATIoN FoR MeDIcAL eDucATIoN AND ReSeARch (MFMeR)

1.extreme poverty

2. living in an orphanage

3. frequent changes in foster care or caregivers

4. institutional care

5. physical , sexual or emotional abuse

6. forced removal from a neglectful or abusive home severe cases

7. significant family trauma , such as death or divorce8. parents who have a mental illness or drug or alcohol abuse

9. prolonged hospitalization

10. postpartum depression in the baby ’s mother

11. inexperienced parents

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1. delayed learning or physical growth

2. poor self -esteem

3. delinquent or antisocial behavior

4. relationship problems

5. temper or anger problems

6. eating problems , which can lead to malnutrition in severe cases

7. depression

8. anxiety

9. academic problems

10. drug and alcohol addiction

11. unemployment or frequent job changes

12. inappropriate sexual behavior

ReSeARch: uNDeRSTANDING The PRoBLeMcomplicAtion: AssociAted with reActive AttAchment disorder pAtients*

24

*MAyo FouNDATIoN FoR MeDIcAL eDucATIoN AND ReSeARch (MFMeR)




ReSeARch: uNDeRSTANDING The PRoBLeMcomplicAtion: physicAl And mentAl growth delAy

t r ar rr ntl v r limit d r s ar and st di s n t ff ts r ns q n sn t rp an p p lati n wit an in nsist nt man r lati ns ip wit primarar giv r. h w v r, ps l g j rnals av plain d t r lati ns, and

s gg st d t at ”… t la f “m t ring”, appr priat s ial- m ti nal p ri n ,and r lati ns ips wit a f w nsist nt ar giv rs ar t primar a s s f t sdevelopmental delays and de ciencies.” P si al d v l pm nt d la s s as small r in

ig t, w ig t, and ad and st ir mf r n in p si al gr wt and d v l pm ntf at pi al b avi rs s as st r t p d s lf-stim lati n, a s ift fr m arl passivit

t lat r aggr ssiv b avi r, v ra tivit and distra tibilit , inabilit t f rm d p rgenuine attachments, indiscriminate friendliness, and dif culty establishing appropriatep r r lati ns ip ar mm n r s lts in r sid nt rp anag i ldr n . F rt rm r ,children who were adopted from de cient orphanages, especially in highly advantagesfamili s in e r p and N rt Am ri a, s w a ig r rat f tr m b avi rs andpr bl ms t an n n-instit ti naliz d ildr n. Ps l gists and r s ar rs f ndt at p rsist nt b avi r pr bl ms is dir tl r lat d t t ir arl p ri n in t

rp anag .

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ReSeARch: uNDeRSTANDING The PRoBLeMopportunity: children in A fAmily with rAd vs. orphAns with rAd

t g ildr n wit div r d t s v r l ab sing par nts ar s m tim sdiagn s d wit RAD and t r r lat d t p f dis rd rs s as

p ra tivit dis rd r, p st-tra mati str ss dis rd r, lang ag pr bl ms;t ar ft n diagn s d wit R a tiv Atta m nt Dis rd r (RAD) t r gabn rmal s ial int ra ti n wit in a m s rt r p ri d f tim mpar t

ildr n in f st r ar r rp anag s . Wit t l r f living in a alts i t , t s ildr n ar m s pp rt d b ps l gi al t rapi s p n

val ati n f dis rd r, ft ntim s, pr gr ssing t liv a n rmal lif wit in a ms rt r p ri d f tim . Alt g , dis rd r mig t n t b f ll tr at d r r v r dfr m, ildr n in a famil s tting av a m l w r an f r lapsati n p n

mpl ti n f tr atm nt . on t t r and, f rt r ps l g st di s avs wn t at n gl t d ildr n living in rp anag s r f st r ar wit R a tivAtta m nt Dis rd r (RAD) diagn sti ar ft ntim s dis v r d at a lat r stag

f lif , wit a l w r an f r v r d spit t rr nt m di al advan m ntal ng wit diff r nt ps l gi al tr atm nt m t ds. As a r s lt f t dis rd r,

rp an’s inabilit t ma nn ti n wit t r man b ing will ltimat l rtt ir abilit t a pt and s aid, v n rr sp nd t t t r w rld.

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“ …A lArgE numbEr of pEdIAtrICIAnS,

pSyCHologIStS, And CHIld pSyCHIAtrIStS AndhAve shown thAt the child’s (AttAchment ) development mAy be Affected physicAlly ,intellectuAlly , emotionAlly , And sociAlly .”

- john bowlbyBritiSh pSychologiSt, pSychiAtriSt, pSychoAnAlySt AndfAther of the AttAchment theory







AnAlysis: understAnding humAn needs

brAinstorming: mind mAp

theory: mAslow’s hierArchy of needsmAx-neef’s humAn scAle development

existing solution: Adoption

improvement on current fAcilities And resourceschild sponsorship progrAmsngo’s outreAch progrAmstreAtments And therApies

AnAlysis of AttAchment-bAsed therApy interventions

conclusion on findings




A -impr v s t nvir nm nt,atta m nt iss will as awawit t l v f a sec ea ache ca e ive

Iss e s &a ach e -lin s t n ’s abilit t r lat t

t rs t e a i shi s witt rs

li e- e ec - ang s liv s f rp ans

ANALySIS: uNDeRSTANDING huMAN NeeDSbrAinstorming: mind mAp - orphAn

life-long effect

low expectation in life

low desire for improvement

RAD

Adoption

issue of trust

feeling of unwanted

poor communication skills

lack of care

Change of environment(family, surrounding)

close attachment withprimary caregiver

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Wit a l ar r f s in mind, I r at d t t ird mind map wit aas t main t pi . Fr m t map, it s ws t at a r simpl a erp ans ar pr n t d v l pm nt m ti nal and atta m nt iss s, lin ing tp r mm ni ati n s ills and f w r pp rt niti s, ns q ntl t rning t ispr gr ssing disadvantag int a lif -l ng disabilit . on t t r and, rp answ w r lat r ad pt d fr m rp anag s av t advantag f s ring tintangible bene t from a loving relationship through various treatments andt ass iati n t a l ving nvir nm nt. having giv n t pp rt nit t bs rr nd d b a l ving famil , ildr n wit npl asant p ri n s as rp ansar m r li l t tlast all ng s and liv a fr itf l lif .

31




ANALySIS: uNDeRSTANDING huMAN NeeDStheory: mAslow’s hierArchy of needs

t man f s, f ndam ntal n ds s as wat r, f d and s lt rwere given and satis ed the day we were born. The seeminglys ndar n ds f n rg and sanitati n ar alm st alwa s

availabl and pl it d, w n p pl in parts f t w rld living inp v rt av limit d t n a ss t . Masl w’s i rar f n ds tapsinto the world of human needs and identi ed ve levels of survivalfa t rs that one must ful ll, step by step, to live a fruitful life. While the

b tt m f r l v ls f n ds, rd rl fr m p si l gi al, saf t , n ds flove, affection and belongingness and esteem are so easily satis ed and

v rl d in t mat rialisti s i t , p pl in t d v l p d w rld aralm st nl n rn d wit s lf-a t alizati n, aiming t ma g d s foneself to satisfy their wants and needs. People on the ip side, living inparts f t m rging w rld, an satisf t ir n ds in a spirit al wa andstill liv a pr sp r lif .

W il m ti nal n ds d v l p v rtim , it ta s j st as l ng tstablis a alt r lati ns ip t r a m t al satisfa ti n, s wing

signs f s rit , s ns f b l nging and b aff ti nat t n t r.It is, sp iall , ard t satisf t m ti nal n ds f rp ans as thave dealt with traumatic situation and troubled past. Many non-pro t

rganizati ns and g v rnm nt divisi ns ar r sp nding t t sit ati nb pr viding s lt r, f d, d ati n and pr t ti n t satisf basip si l gi al and saf t n ds. Wit t b tt m tw l v ls f n dssatis ed, orphans are then faced the forgotten level of love and affectionto ful ll. Only nsist nt and n nditi nal s pp rt t t s ildr nt s stain n ds f l v , aff ti n, s ns f b l ngingn ss and st m will t b abl t r a t n ds f s lf-a t alizati n and r aliz tg dn ss f lif and liv t t f ll st.

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ANALySIS: uNDeRSTANDING huMAN NeeDStheory: mAx-neef’s humAn scAle development

As mpar d t Masl w’s i rar f n d, c il an n mistManfr d Ma -N f’s man s al d v l pm nt t r tail r dhuman needs measurement more speci cally to populations in

m rging ntri s. T t r lps wit id ntif ing w alt and p v rtin local communities according to how needs and wants are satis ed. In

is t r , t r is n i rar f n ds and all nin at g ri s f n dsar int rr lat d and int ra tiv in man liv s.

In s m at g ri s m r t an t rs, p pl in p v rt , s ff r m rfr m t ir nvir nm nt and m ntal n ds v r-r l s p si al n ds . F r

ampl in t as f rp ans; la ing a r l m d l and s r f l vand reliance at a young age, have dif culties with self-identity and beingaff ti nat . unf rt nat l , t sit ati n will n t ang ntil r s r sar ma ing availabl t t m.

W il man f s privil g d individ als ta advantag f availablr s r s and t n l g advan m nt f r r wn nv ni n , manp pl in p v rt ar nl sl wl giv n t pp rt nit t satisf t irbasi n ds t s rviv in t past d ad . It is as f r s t mit rprivil g t r s r s and nl if t r w r mparis n d w r aliz d

r v r- ns mpti n abits av r ms f r impr v m nt.

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“ ... enlistment of A pArent And A mentAlenvironment which gAve the child A feeling

thAt normAl love And Affection wAslACkIng, did fAr more to dAmAge growththAt did diseAse , wAS morE SErIouS tHAn Allother fActors combined in this dAy of full

EmploymEnt And fAmIly AllowAnCES. ”- binningreSeArcher preSented in John BoWlBy’SmAternAl cAre And mentAl heAlth




ANALySIS: exISTING SoLuTIoNSAdoption

T man rp ans, it is a dr amm tr t b in l d d in a

l ving nvir nm nt t at man f sta it f r grant d. As man as 250,000

rp ans ar ad pt d ar nd t w rldann all wit appr imat l 12,000 t25,000 int rra ial rp an in t unit dStat s a ar, t r as b n a 180%in r as in int rnati nal ad pti n as sin t unit d Stat s b tw n 1989 t2005. As t ad pti n tr nd starts t gainp p larit in maj r iti s and r gi ns,

v r a t sand as s in calif rnia statand N w y r stat al n , man f t

n t g t t b p l ss ar n w giv nthe opportunity to re-establish a con dentand tr sting r lati ns ip wit ar giv rst r at t nat ral b nd t at m st f sar giv n t .

35

Giv n all t availabl r s r s andfa t rs, ad pti n is n d bt t m st

ff tiv wa t r -b ild a nat rals r bas and al fr m atta m ntpr bl ms. Sadl , man d v l ping

ntri s ar anging t ir p lin v rs as ad pti n, tig t ning t

r q ir m nts and limiting ad pti nas s. As a r s lt, t b st-p ssibl

s l ti n is n w s rving an v n small rrp an p p lati n. T r ar als

man as s f rp ans, sp iall in

int rra ial ad pti n, str ggling wits lf-id ntit aft r t s dd n angf nvir nm nt and stat s. “A hispani

w gr w p in a pr d minantl w itn ig b r d, r m mb r d f ling

t f pla as a ild and b ingr f rr d t n gativ l as an Indian.”W n as ab t is p ri n gr wing

p as an ad pt d ild, a ll ggrad at w as d n t t b nam d

pr ss d is n rns and t str gglf b ing t t ast. N t nl d s it

ta tim t nd rstand and pr sst f ar wit in t ild, it als ta s

d ati n and p n dis ssi ns b tw npar nt and ild t f ll a pt t fa t

f rigin. If t sit ati n is n t pr p rlandl d, it an w ll in it d pr ssi n

and atta m nt iss s wit in t ild,w rs ning t v rall sit ati n, nd f ating t p rp s f ad pti n.




ANALySIS: exISTING SoLuTIoNSimprovement on current fAcilities And resources

36

d nati ns fr m privat r p bli rganizati ns as l ng b na main s r f in m t man stat -r n r privat l

ld rp anag s t impr v fa iliti s wit in t instit ti n,pr viding alt ar , d ati n, and lat r ar r assistants t

rp ans. In man wa s, rp ans w r giv n t pp rt nit t mat m st t f t adj stm nt and impr v m nt. Man f t mw r giv n s lt r t liv in, ant n t at in, b s and t a rst l arn fr m, ltimat l grad ating fr m t rp anag wit as t f s ills t s rviv in t r alisti s i t . h w v r, f nding f r

rp anag s vari s fr m n t t t r and m st if n t all f tf nding w r n t m ant t b s d f r ns ling r ar f r t s

ildr n’s m ntal alt . ev n wit an impr v d nvir nm nt,insuf cient emphasis to address these orphan’s mental needs willpr l ng d v l p m ntal iss s t r g t ir sta in rp anag s;r s lting in a far w rs nditi n. T r f r , impr v m nt nfa iliti s and r s r s ma n t b t b st appr a t s lv tpr bl m.




ANALySIS: exISTING SoLuTIoNSchild sponsorship progrAms

37

many local and international, for pro t and non-pro t organizationsav st p f t int lping wit t sit ati ns. D nati ns

w r mad ann all t assist rganiz rs wit rban planningand disast r r li f, w il s m p pl s t lp b v l nt ringtim and lp in l al ariti s, rp anag s r villag s in d v l ping

ntri s. Man rganizati ns s as W rld Visi n, Sav t ildr nand c ild F nd, als stablis d ild sp ns rs ip pr grams t a t as amediator to transfer the nancial help from individuals who are aware

f t m rg n sit ati n in d v l p d ntri s t ildr n in p v rtar nd t w rld. As t n d gr ws, s m small ind p nd nt ariti s

stablis d b r s r gr p f ind- art d individ als s asL v wit t B ndari s, half t S and Allian f c ildr n start dad pti n pr grams primaril f r famili s in d v l p d ntri s tpr vid f r and ta arg f giving t s ildr n a p sitiv f t r .




ANALySIS: exISTING SoLuTIoNSngo outreAch progrAms

w hile many big non-pro t organizations are expanding theirs rvi t t nd rprivil g d p p lati n, t sandsm r mm nit r r ligi n bas d ariti s ar pr viding

pp rt niti s f r l als t parti ipat and l arn fr m t p ri n .on f man , initiall nam d h p f r orp ans f t W rld, R aorphans with hope is a non-pro t organization established by Christianad ptiv par nts in Alabama, unit d Stat s. T ir w r f s s n t100,000 and gr wing n mb r f rp ans in u rain . Wit t r maint p s f tr a pr gram,a) orp ans visitati n t t u.S.b) Training and t a ing pr grams f basi s rvival s ills t rp ans inu rain

) o tr a trips t m t rp ans in u rain, R a rp ans wit l v p s t pr vid f r t s r j t d, nwant d

and pti nal rp ans a glimps f lig t in lif .

Wit p ri n d rganiz rs and n individ als v l nt ring timand lp f r s v n ars, s m rp ans fr m u rain w r r a dt r g l al tr a pr gram, w il a f w f rt nat n s w rsp ns r d t parti ipat in pr grams in t unit d Stat s; all wingt m t g t t f t s al nvir nm nt and b ild tr st, f l l v dand ar ab t fr m p pl n n n wn b t ar f r t m. W ilindivid al ma s f t ir wn s lf b ff ring t rs t ir tim ,

n rg and l v t impr v rp ans’ liv s, rp ans at t samtime bene t from the unspoken comfort of having a caring humanint ra ti n and p si al nta t m m nt. T r g inv lv m ntin a w ll- rganiz d arit pr gram, parti ipants fr m b t nds

will l arn a lif l ss n n l v and ris lif fr m t m t allr warding p ri n .

For small programs to be considered bene cial even within the localmm nit , additi nal r s r s and ars f ar f l planning ar

r q ir d. In additi n, If t b rd rlin id a is s l l t giv l vt t s ildr n, I w nd r if ta ing t s ildr n v rs as andbringing t m ba t rp anag s w ld b t wis st d isi n aft rall. Pr gram as s an b v r p w rf l if famili s ar w l mingthem to take part in the environment in the long run. On the ipsid , wit nl a 50% rat f s ssf l ad pti n aft r 75 ann al

v rs as visitati n as s, t ns q n s f a mismanag d rp anas ld r at a s v r ba las , v n an m ti nal m ltd wn;

pr v ing t r rring f ling f t nwant d.

T s pr grams ar nd niabl a b li vabl start t bring a diff r ntp rsp tiv in lif t man nd rprivil g d rp ans; w v r, itis d ing littl lp t s lv t bigg r pi t r . It is als ard tmeasure the long-term bene t of these programs.

38




ANALySIS: exISTING SoLuTIoNStherApy And treAtments

c rr nt tr atm nts ar ara t riz d in f r main appr a s.The rst approach is the ehavi i ca i a ,w r a ild gains abilit t r g lat t ir b avi r, arn p ints

in ang f r fr d m r mp nsati n. R birt ing t rap andlding t rap ar s m f t lassi ampl s f r s appr a .

T s nd appr a is a ach e - ase i e ve i , w rt ild is n rag d t stablis a alt atta m nt r lati ns ipwit t t rapist t r g pla t rap , s as b ard and ard gam s,

r st r t lling. T t ird appr a is a ie ea e . Ttr atm nt inv lv s a s rt-t rm ps - d ati nal int rv nti n ina ild- mf rt nvir nm nt wit s ssi ns n mm ni ati n s ills,d v l pm nt f r ipr al int ra ti n and d ati n t b t par nts and

ild ab t t dis rd r. T last appr a is e ha ci ca e ive ’se e rAd .

T g s m s ss s ar s wn in d ati n n RAD and tpati nt

tr atm nt, man int rv nti ns, w v r, ar still said t b in itsinfancy stage and lack empirical support for signi cant improvement

v rtim . Stat d in a r p rt n ild maltr atm nt f r Am ri anPr f ssi nal S i t n t Ab s f c ildr n, “Alt g a vari t ftr atm nts, s m ntr v rsial, av b n pra ti d and diss minat dat nf r n s and in t lit rat r , n n f t s tr atm ntshave been subjected to rigorous scienti c testing for either safety

r ff tiv n ss.” S m int rv nti ns s as lding t rap ,rebirthing therapy and rage reduction therapy, speci cally knownas t “atta m nt t rap ”, ar v n nvin d t b armf l t

ildr n in r tr sp t wit s v ral tr atm nt as s; n tabl tcanda N wma r as in 2000 and Grav ll s as in 2003, nding infataliti s. M r v r, st di s w r m stl nd t d n ildr n witimpr v d nvir nm nt stat s, ass ming minimal an s f s mpt msr rr n . T r ar f w t n n st di s nd t d t tra tlong-term bene ts of such interventions on orphans. Although most,if not all, interventions show signi cant improvement over the course

f tr atm nt, pr bl ms ma r - r if ild is maltr at d d tnvir nm nt r q alit f ar p st-tr atm nt.

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ANALySIS: exISTING SoLuTIoNStherApy And treAtments: AnAlysis of AttAchment-bAsed therApy interventions

b : y ar Imp rtant B s ri s

w at is it: R ass ran and b ildatta m nt t r g st r -t lling

Targ t ag : Bab t pr s l

Pr s: B illd s ns f b l ngingen an mm ni ati nb tw n ild and r ad r

c ns: onl availabl in englisIn ff tiv t d ta d ildr n

p a ca :h w d f l t da ?

w at is it: Mat ing f ling fa s witara t rs in st ri s

Targ t ag s: Not speci ed

Pr s: Availabl in 25 lang ag sIntr d s vari s m ti ns

c ns: N t app aling

ng ildr n r illit ratildr n ar n t appli abl

b a ga e: T tal ing, f ling and d ing gam

w at is it: B ild tr st t r g st r -t lling Targ t ag s: 4-15

Pr s: m ltipl ildr n an parti ipatat t sam timeff tiv t r t in ibit d r

n p rativ t p f RAD pati nts c ns: onl availabl in englis

Dif cult to young rst time learnersReqires a certi ed therapist to lead thegam

b : T Wa I F l

w at is it: P m and s ng bas d ill strati nb s

Targ t ag : 2-8

Pr s: h lps nd rstanding m ti ns

c ns: onl availabl in englis

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AnAlysis: AdditionAl reseArch cAse studies: epAls

world visiontuesdAy’s childrenbig brothers And big sisters

interview: joAnnA cheungAdoptive mother dr. jin




ANALySIS: ADDITIoNAL ReSeARchcAse studies: epAls

44




s peci c case study was made on a global online learning organization,Pals. As t larg st and fast st gr wing k-12 nlin mm nit pr viding

m aningf l l arning p ri n , Pals lp d t nn t, llab rat and b ildmm niti s a r ss 200 ntri s f r alf a milli n d at rs and milli ns f ag r

l arn rs. c rr nt Pr j ts s as Gl bal Warming, habitats, Wat r and T Waw ar all w ng l arn rs t pl r diff r nt asp ts f lif and t nat r , witt pp rt niti s t ang id as and q sti n wit t r pr gram parti ipantsar nd t w rld. Wit in t pr grams, I f nd t s m st r l ng pr j t T WaW Ar an int r sting lin t l arning and mm ni ating t l arn r’s t g ts np pl fr m diff r nt lt r s and ba gr nd. S pr gram s s int rn t as tplatf rm t p rf rm t m aningf l and int ra tiv l arning pr ss. It is inn vativ ,well established and organized. With speci city in safety and security in mind, thesel arning pr grams ar als tr stw rt t par nts and d at rs. on t d wnsid ,t s m st r bas d pr j t r ns in a r lativ l s rt p ri d f tim f r d at rsto see long-term bene t and impacts on children. Programs as such also requiressigni cant resources and time commitment that some school or environment mightn t b abl t pr vid f r.

45




ANALySIS: ADDITIoNAL ReSeARchcAse studies: world vision

46




t s nd as st d was mad n W rld Visi n, a w rld-wid manitarianarit rganizati n wit an mp asis t w r wit ildr n, famili s andtheir communities to provide aids and help ght causes of poverty. There

ar rr ntl m r t an 40 a tiv pr grams f r individ als, gr ps, t s,famili s, r s and rp rati ns t g t inv lv in l ding ild sp ns rs ip, ildambassad r, d ati n and t d v l pm nt, arit dinn rs, past rs visi ntrips… t . As n f t larg st and w ll- stablis d arit ar nd t w rld,W rld Visi n pr vid s s r d and stablis d pr grams f r p pl f int r st tparti ipat and ntrib t a rding t s lf- nt siasm and b li f.

I speci cally focused on the study on connection made between sponsors andsp ns r d ild lin d in t ild sp ns rs ip pr gram. W il m st f t s

ildr n ar rr ntl living wit t ir par nts r famil , an int rvi w wit a ildsp ns r inv lv d in t pr gram sp a f r vi w n r minimal mm ni ati nr lati ns ip wit r sp ns r d ild. “oft n tim s, if a sp ns r wants t r at ir sp ns r ild, t w ld av t writ a l tt r r s nt an l tr ni v rsi nof the letter to the corresponding of ce branch for paper work and translationb f r d liv ring t t sp ns r d ild. T pr ss, as I was t ld, w ld ta asl ng as m nt s t r a t ild.” A ss t mm ni ati n is mpli at d, tim -

ns ming and limit d n b t nds; as a r s lt, man sp ns rs ar n t in lin d tint ra t wit t ir ild.

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ANALySIS: ADDITIoNAL ReSeARchcAse studies: tuesdAy’s children

48

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t t ird rganizati n pr gram amin d was t sda ’s ildr n, anrganizati n f nd f r ildr n w av l st n r b t par nts r was

aff t d b t 9/11 in id nt in N w y r cit . As t nam s gg sts, t sda ’sildr n s l l w r s wit in t mm nit f famili s and ildr n aff t d b t

a s t pr vid g idan , s pp rt and n rag m nt f r t aff t d t v r mt ir gri f. T f r st ps pr gram was r at d t lp ildr n in diff r nt stag

f lif and nditi n t p wit t p ri n , i. . First St p; a ps t rapbas d pr gram t g t ildr n t f t ir f ar d ring t ir r v r pr ss fr mt ir p ri n . M nt ring; is a pr gram w r s l t d andidat pairs p witan aff t d ild t r pla t d as d par nt in a famil r l and a t as is/her role model to share emotions and dif culties in life with regular home visits and

tings. car r Pat s; is a ns ling s ssi n w r pr f ssi nals v l nt r timt giv advi t ildr n ab t t ir f t r . Last, b t n t l ast, N t St p is tf ll w p pr gram f r t 9/11 ildr n w av r v r d fr m t ir p ri nt lp t rs w t r p rat fr m t ir p ri n . As a privat and l sivnon-pro t organization, tuesday’s children gives volunteer a real insight into thesit ati n, t s t abilit t stablis a l ng-lasting and m m rabl p ri n . Int is as , n t nl will t v l nt r f l a mplis d f r ff ring lp t t schildren, but also gives con dence and the feeling of being needed throughout thepr ss.

Pr gram as s is ig l s l tiv n its v l nt ring parti ipants. Wit a smallp l f vi tims in n d f lp, r r it rs f pr gram ar ig l s l tiv ab tappli at rs’ n ag , pati n, ba gr nd and past p ri n s. T r f r , nan individ al ar q alif t parti ipat and s ar t ir ff rings. F rt rm r , tw ll-f nd rganizati n wit sp ializati n in andling p st-tra mati p ri n in

ildr n ff rs s rvi s stri tl t 9/11 aff t d ildr n; t r f r , ildr n witsimilar tra mati p ri n s will n t b nsid r d t t pr gram.

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49

50




ANALySIS: ADDITIoNAL ReSeARchcAse studies: big brothers And big sisters

50

51




on f t ld st and larg st t m nt ring rganizati n in t unit d

Stat s; wit v r 100 ars f p ri n and s v n ir mstan s rt ni it bas d m nt ring pr grams, Big Br t rs Big Sist rs f Am ri a(BBBSA) n w p rat s in 50 stat s and 20 ntri s ar nd t w rld t ma am as r abl impa t n t ’s lif t r g mat ing and stablis ing n -t - nm nt ring r lati ns ips. First stablis d b ern st k nt c lt r t lp tr bl db s in N w y r cit , BBBSA, t g t r wit its 240,000 v l nt rs, n w s rv s

ildr n b tw n ag s 6 t 18 f all t ni i t and ist r t ma an impa t intheir lives. Signi cant improvements have shown in a study by national research

rganizati n P bli /Privat V nt r n parti ipating ildr n in t ar-l ng BBBSAm nt rs ip pr gram. First f all, t g t al ng wit famil b tt r and ar in lin dt d b tt r in s l. In additi n, t ar l ss li l t b sing dr gs r al land ar l ss li l t d v l p b avi ral pr bl ms, r s lting fr m a ig r s lf-esteem and con dent built by the empowering mentor –child relationship.

Alt g t w ll- stablis d r lati ns ip b tw n m nt r and ild s wssigni cant improvement in the overall social performance, however, many of thementor matches were one-year matches and are insuf cient to prove consistentimpa t n t ’s liv s. F rt rm r , s l t d v l nt ring m nt rs w r n it rpr f ssi nall train d n r mpatibl f andling as s f ildr n wit b avi rpr bl ms, s bs q ntl l aving a gr p f ildr n wit t m st n ds f l v and

ar b ind, l d d fr m t pr gram.

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52




ANALySIS: ADDITIoNAL ReSeARchinterviews: psychotherApist- joAnnA cheung

t he rst interview was conduct with Joanna Cheung, aps t rapist wit a n ntrati n in ildr n ps l g .T r g t t int rvi w, s str ss d t imp rtan f aving

a parent gure in a child’s life. She gave an example of chick eggsr sting n a n st wit t t s pp rt f t ir par nts. S bs q ntl ,these embryonated chick eggs will not have the suf cient nutrition,

v n saf t t sta aliv . M li man, wit t a altpbringing, man ildr n ar sid d-tra d, r v n d v l pm ti nal pr bl ms t at ar t d p t r . on g d pi f

advi t at s as f r par nts is t at “c ildr n ar in nstant n d

f att nti n and s m tim s it is ard f r par nts t sit d wn and list nt t ir n ds. As par nts, s aring f inn r m ti ns and fr q nt

ang f admirati n wit t ir ildr n an lp r l as t irign rant and ar l ss b avi r t at w r m lat d v rtim .

T ntin m r s ar n ildr n wit atta m nt dis rd r andrr nt t rap and tr atm nts s t al ildr n wit m ti nal

pr bl ms, s s gg st d visiting Am ri an Ps l gi al Ass iat ’sw bsit p ri di all f r pdat s.

“ c ildr n ar in nstant ee a e i ands m tim s it is ard f r par nts t sit d wn andlist n t t i r n ds. As par nts, sha i i ee i s and fr q nt e cha e a i a i witt ir ildr n an lp a t ir ign rant and

ar l ss b avi r t at w r m lat d v rtim . ”

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53




ANALySIS: ADDITIoNAL ReSeARchinterviews: Adoptive mother - k

m s nd int rvi w was nd t d wit an ad ptiv m t r f tw

ildr n. S ad as d n t t in l d r r al nam , as s t pi is nlmm ni at d wit in t famil and t ildr n ar v r s nsitiv ab t t

matt r. N v rt l ss, s was v r p n ab t r p ri n in t ad pting pr ssand lping r t r g t nvir nm nt and manit ang s. W n as d ab t

r m t ds f lping r ildr n t p wit t s dd n ang f nvir nm nt,s sp ab t r famil ’s ff rt t ta ar f t ildr n n t p si al l v l;giving t m f rm las and alt f d f r b tt r n triti n, als mp asiz d n tm ntal alt asp t as w ll. “W sp nt a l t f tim b nding ( gging, sn ggling,r ading, singing, and pla ing), b t als mm ni ating wit t m (t ildr n) int ir nativ lang ag .” kn wing mm ni ati n will b t m st imp rtant asp tin t is ng ing pr ss, t m t r wit n pr vi s n wl dg n RAD, is awar

f vari s m ti nal and s ial iss s t at ar l ading fa t rs t RAD. T r gvarious intensive research, her ndings helped her better understand her children’sb avi r, t s l arn fr m t ir b avi r and t still d s ntil t is da . k wasals ind n g t plain r ards ip w il visiting t rp anag t pi p t irad ptiv ild and s ing all t ildr n t at w r l ft b ind b t ir par nts.“T rp anag was l an and w ll pt, t w r rs l v d t ildr n and ar df r t m w ll. T r w r als t s, blan ts, and ribs - all t basi n ds w rmad availabl . “T (t rp anag ) av giv n t “b st” f w at was availabl tt m. I l ft wanting t ad pt all t at w r l ft b ind. ”

“ T (t rp anag ) av giv n t “ es ” haas avai a e he . I l ft wanting t ad pt all t at

w r l ft b ind. ”

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ANALySIS: ADDITIoNAL ReSeARchinterviews: psychologist And speciAlist - dr. jin

pi s“ if t s chi e a e a e ea e h , s allb f r 1 ar ld t par nts w ar s r l atta d

t a t r, t bab will a a cha e aec e e a ache . ”

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the third interview was conducted with Dr. Jin, a psychology department professor who specializes in attachment disorderspeci cally in children. Dr. Jin began with clarifying Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) and the history of how RAD wasd v l p d. T m di al nam and rigin f t dis v r f dis rd r am fr m t P st-W rld War 2 ra in unit d kingd m

when psychologist John Bowlby was commiss ioned by the government to study the consequences of children living in orphanagesd ring and aft r wartim as par nts w r s rving t ntr . T r s lts fr m t bs rvati n am ba wit a g n ral

n pti n f p r atta m nt, v n d ta d patt rn s n in t s ildr n. As m r r s ar was nd t d n t matt rthrough time, psychologists found out that mother, or the primary caretaking gure, often times act as the secure base to theoutside world to children. Dr. Jin continued with the introduction of the four main categories of attachment pattern in childrenm nti n d in all m r s ar r adings. W il m st ildr n in t s r at g r gr w p in a alt famil nvir nm nt, manm r ar divid d in b tw n t r t r at g ri s nam l av idant, pr - pi d and dis rganiz d; atta m nt patt rns t at aroften found in foster care children and orphans. With years of experience, Dr. Jin shared his insights and ndings from a lab study

is rr ntl ading in T N w S l n ildr n in c ina. h tal d ab t t imp rtan f l w rati b tw n rp ans andar giv rs and t ns q n s f n t d ing s . h p int d t t ns q n , as m st rp ans ad s n ar t av idan

t p ; int rnall w a , a ting v r ins r and s ws n signs f fa ial m ti n. h w v r, a small n mb r f t s ildr n arat g riz d in t m r s v r dis rganiz d t p ; n wn f r s nding mi m ti ns t ar giv rs and ar v r dis rganiz w nandling s ial int ra ti n, s m tim s v n dail tas s. on t g d sid , “if t s ildr n ar ad pt d arl n g , s all

b f r 1 ar ld t par nts w ar s r l atta d t a t r, t bab will grad all ang and b m m r atta d.”unf rt nat l , atta m nt iss g ts m r s v r v r t tim f sta in rp anag . Wit t av rag ad pti n tim b tw n 6t 9 m nt s in c ina f r instan , s m f t s ildr n r s lts in damag s t at ar t big t tr at v n p st-ad pti n. As f r inv nti n id as, s gg st d a pr p sal f an int ra tiv pr gram t at w ld pr m t ild and ar giv r’s p si al a ti nwit n an t r, bring ba t id a f stablis ing a s r bas f r t ildr n t l an ba n.

55







intervention: emotion cArds

project goAl possible ideAs And opportunities

prototyping: 1

2

operAtion: finAl emotion cArds designinstruction of gAmewAys to utilize the cArds

system mApAdvAntAge of product

tArget group: orphAn personAs storyboArd

AnticipAted outcome

project business plAn: timelinepotentiAl pArtnerships & sponsorships

potentiAl countries for progrAm implementAtion

58




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoN cARDSproject goAl

t each rp ans w t pr ss m ti ns andn rag int ra ti n am ngst t ms lv s d ring t

l arning pr ss.

59




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoN cARDSpossible ideAs And opportunities

1. c llab rativ l arning p ri n

2. Bringing awar n ss t R a tiv Atta m nt Dis rd r

3. opp rt nit t ngag in intimat a ti ns

4. In r as fr q n f int ra ti n

60




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoN cARDSprototyping 1

t he design of my rst prototype is basedn isiting t rap - s m ti ns ards

d sign d f r ildr n wit sp ialm ti nall n ds. T is s t f ards w r

int nti nall mad fr m tw l r t n st simplif and ig lig t t a ti ns and

m ti ns s wn in pi t r s. Wit t tint dpi t r s pr ssing a rang f m ti ns fr m

app t fr strat d t it d and gra s al dpi t r s s wing a ti ns, t ild will t nb s wn t n pr ssi n ard and as tr lat and s gg st a ti ns fr m t p l fa ti n ards t a m dat and mp nsatt m ti n.

g a :

T r g t pr ss, ildr n ar n rag dt l arn fr m and int ra t wit ar giv r tr ipr at a ti ns d pi t d in t pi t r al ngt gam .

t - : I did a test drive on my rst set of prototype witha 5 ars ld p si all and m ntall alt ild.Aft r simpl planati n f t gam , s was ablt nn t a ti ns and m ti n, ntin t as f rm r as it w nt n.

D ring t gam , t ild was abl t giv instantr sp ns t t m ti n wit min r planati n t

larif a ti ns and m ti ns s wn n ards, b tthe ow was quick and easy. The child seemed to

nj t gam as w ll.

A a a :With feedbacks from the 1st prototype and Dr. Jin’s

p rt pini n n t d sign and s st m f t

m ti n ards, I am nvin d t f rt r d v l pt id a f r ating a s t f m ti n ards, in f lll r t t g n rat dis ssi ns and int ra ti n n t

nl b tw n ar giv rs, b t als rp ans, all wingnv rsati ns am ngst t ms lv s.

It is als imp rtant t in l d pr d t gamd s ripti n in t pa aging.

61




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoNS cARDprototyping 1: operAtion

action cards

expression cards

step 1:INTRoDuce exPReSSIoNcARDS ANDAcTIoN cARDS

step 2: uNDeRSTAND TheReLATIoNShIPBeTWeeN AcTIoNSAND exPReSSIoNS ANDRecIPRocATe TheAcTIoNS

62




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoNS cARDSprototypIng 2

t s nd pr t t p was mad bas d

on feedbacks collected from the rst

pr t t p .

I ve e s:

1 . B t a ti n and m ti n ards arprint d in l r.

2 . Int r angabl pr ssi n ards arprint d in b t ill strati n and pi t rial

grap i s.

3. N mb r f a ti ns and m ti ns ard

ar als in r as d t giv vari t .

g a :The goal of this test-run is to nd out how

ildr n r a t t t n w and impr v dm ti ns gam .

t - :A s nd pr t t p t st-driv was d nwith the same child from the rst test.

A a :

63




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoN cARDSoperAtion: finAl emotion cArds design

expressions

Actions

experience

expressions

64





ta :c ildr n wit R a tivAtta m nt Dis rd r s mpt msb tw n ag s 3 t 6 ind v l ping ntri s, wit ap nding ad pti n stat s r simplla ing a nsistant ar giv r and

man int ra ti n pp rt nitw il living in t rp anag .

ta a :B tw n t ag s 3 t 6 ist tim w n a ild is m rs nsitiv t man int ra ti nand ar ag r t l arn andr ipr at a ti ns and m ti nst s w t n ds f l v and

ar . S mpt ns f atta m ntdis rd r ar als pr v d tapp ar in ildr n b f r t ag

f 5 and t r f r pr s ntati nf t gam will lp as t

gr wing iss f d ta m nt int s ildr n wit t r manb ings.

e a : T r g an pr ssi n anda ti ns l arning pr ss wit a

ar giv r, ildr n will b ablt tiliz t s ards t int ra tand pr ss id as and f lingsam ngst t ms lv s.

65





action cards

expression cards

experience cards

step 1:INTRoDuce exPReSSIoNcARDS ANDAcTIoN cARDS

step 2: uNDeRSTAND TheReLATIoNShIPBeTWeeN AcTIoNSAND exPReSSIoNSANDRecIPRocATeThe AcTIoNS

step 3:ReLATe exPReSSIoN ANDAcTIoN ToexPeRIeNce cARDS To GeNeRATecoNVeRSATIoN ABouT LIFe

66




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoN cARDSoperAtion: instruction of gAme

Sa e q es i s s i a e isc ssi ai e ac i he ese i he a e:

W at d s ?W at d f l?W at d t in ?

Tr t mat p t pr ssi nsR lat lif p ri n s t pr ssi nsR lat lif p ri n s t a ti ns inv lv dL arn ab t t r lati ns b tw n pr ssi ns and a ti ns

hav v r ad t f ling b f r ?W at d wis t s it wit ?W at is r fav rit w at r?

67




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoN cARDSoperAtion: wAys to utilize emotion cArds

mAtching experienceto ActionAft r l arning ab tdiff r nt a ti ns and

pr ssi ns, rp ansan r lat p ri n s

t a ti ns t r g tpr ssi n f inn r

m ti ns.

mAtching expressionsorp ans an familiariz man pr ssi ns t r g t pra ti

f mat ing fa ial pr ssi n t ill strati n pr ssi n.

mAtching experiences to expressionscar giv rs an als t a rp ans t r lat man pr ssi nsand f lings t diff r nt p ri n s in lif .

(wEAtHEr,nAture)

(ExCItmEnt, HAppInESS, SurprISEd, Joy)

mAtching expressionto ActionsCaregiver will rst teacha gr p f t r r f r

rp ans ab t diff r ntpr ssi ns and a ti ns.

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INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucToperAtion: system mAp

Caregivers , aware of the situation,however, lack the knowledge to

help these children.The el Project - emotions cards

allows caregivers to discuss emotions with orphansthrough the use of emotion cards. The collectivelearning experience will stimulate interaction firstbetween caregivers and then between orphans as theycontinue the learning process amongst themselves,allowing this vital conversation to begin and grow.

Given theopportunity to build a trustingrelationship with other orphans andcaregivers through the understanding of deeper feelings, these orphans can thenfreely express their emotions andbenefit from the established trust andconfidence for more opportunities inlife.

Orphan lacking a persistantcaregiver often struggles withtrust in expressing inner emotions; resulting in poor social skills andlow expectation in life.

ACTION CARDS

EXPRESSION CARDS

EXPERIENCE CARDS

STEP 2 :UNDERSTAND THERELATIONSHIP BETWEENACTIONS AND EXPRESSIONSAND RECIPROCATE THE

ACTIONS

STEP 1 :INTRODUCE ACTION

AND EXPRESSIONCARDS

STEP 3 :RELATE ACTION ANDEXPRESSION CARDS

TO EXPERIENCE CARDTO GENERATECONVERSATIONABOUT LIFE

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INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucTAdvAntAge of product

1. A gam -bas d t rap wit l arning p ri n

2. L w- st3. eas t l arn and nd rstand

4. Barri rs t s lv

5. c nsist n and stabilit f t rap pra ti

6. Fa iliti s and r s r s availabl

70




INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucTpersonA: miA

Nam : MiaAg : 4L ati n: c l mbiaStat s: living in rp anagaft r r par nts di f AIDSw n s was 2 ars ld

“ I miss m par nts and I vag l r m mb r w at t l li . ”

71




INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucTpersonA: ivAn

Nam : IvanAg : 2 and a alfL ati n: u rainStat s: wit a p ndingad pti n stat s, Ivan is

rr ntl living in a l alrp anag

“ h ri s f r att nti n at tim s, b t is a gr at ild f r t

m st part. I r all wis a l ving famil will ta im in. ” said Nina, t ar giv r

72




INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucTpersonA: sAbin

Nam : SabinAg : 3L ati n: N palStat s: living in an rp anagwit 80 t r par ntl ss

ildr n

“ S m tim s I d n’t n w w t ntr l m s lf. ot r ildr n ar

s ar d f m and t d n t li t pla wit m . ”

73




INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucToperAtion: storyboArd

1. 2. 3. 4.

5.6.7.

74




Through the use of emotions cards after the rst year, theanti ipat d p sitiv m ti ns s ld b impr v d; indi ating signs

f m r nta t, m r and lding and nging. orp answill l arn t draw t r lati n b tw n m ti ns and a ti ns. T

ll tiv l arning p ri n will stim lat int ra ti n b tw nrp ans, w ilst n raging t ir n ds t pr ss inn r m ti ns.

In t l ng r n, t is gr p f ildr n will r ipr at t p sitvm ti ns t t ir wn ildr n.

INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucTAnticipAted outcome

75




yeAr 1 pArticipAte * e a b sin ss plan * p at rp anag s and NGos f r sp ns rs ip r partn rs ip

* t - pr gram in a l al f st r ar and ll t f dba

yeAr 3 sustAin* e a pr gram t in l d 10 additi nal rp anag s wit in t s n ntr

* establis and - on the 50,000 cases on le for mid-term evaluation * p e pr j t t rp anag s in t r ntri s

yeAr 5 results * I e e pr j t in at l ast tw t r ntri s * p t NGo sp ns rs and partn rs * A RAD researchers to nd better solution to solve the problem

INTeRVeNTIoN: PRoDucTproject business plAin: timeline

76




INTeRVeNTIoN: eMoTIoN cARDSproject business plAn: potentiAl pArtnership & sponsorship

c f i a a -D di at d in lping ildr n in n d

s :30 ntri s w rldwid

Missi n: pr m t p sitiv t m f rildr n

Advantag : rr sp nding partn ravailabl n sit

opp rt nit : pr m t pr j t f rf nding am ngst 13 t r pr j tsf s s n ildr n’s alt and

pp rt nit / impl m nt pr j tin t isting earl c ild dD v l pm nt (ecD) pr gram

plAn usA -h lping ildr n sin 1937

s :60 ntri s w rldwid

Missi n: pr vid ild nt r dpr grams in d priv d mm niti s

Advantag : allian wit vari s

b sin ss rp rati n, u.S.g v rnm ntagencies and other non-pro trganizati ns

opp rt nit : d v l p t nin t rar a aft r basi s ar as s as altand d ati n

77




Ha he S f a i - N rt ring ar f r c ina’s rp an d

ildr n

s :43 iti s in c ina

Missi n: ns r v r n f c ina’srp ans as a aring ad lt in r lif .

Advantag : rr sp nding partn ravailabl n sitopp rt nit : Impl m nt pr j t in TBab Sist rs infant n rt r pr gram rT littl Sist rs Pr s l Pr gram,two of the ve innovative programs

sa c -cr ating lasting ang f r ildr n inn d in unit d Stat s and ar nd tw rld

s :m r t an 50 ntri sw rldwid

Missi n: r at lasting, p sitiv ang

in t liv s f ildr n in n d in tu.S. and ar nd t w rld

Advantage: A trusted non-pro trganizati n wit s m f t ig st

ratings

opp rt nit : Impl m nt pr j t in tisting earl c ild d D v l pm nt

(ecD) pr grams

78




INTeRVeNTIoN: STATISTIcS oN ThIRD WoRLD couNTRIeSpotentiAl countries for progrAm intervention

Guatemala

TOTAL POPULATION (2008): 13,686,128

INCOME LEVEL: LOWER MIDDLE INCOMEGDP PER CAPITA AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%), (1990–2008) : 1.4POPULATION BELOW INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE* (1992–2007) : 12%ATTITUDE TOWARDS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (2001–2008) : N/A

BIRTH RATE (2008) : 453,000 OR 33/1,000 PEOPLEORPHAN POPULATION (2007 ESTIMATION) : 360,000TOTAL ADOPTIONS TO THE U.S. (2008) : 4,122

* INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE IS THE EARNING MADE BELOW$1.25 USD PER DAY PER PERSON

these c ies e e se ec e ai e e a i e :

c a:- T ig st p p lati n- T ig st rp an p p lati n

e a: - L w In m l v l- p p lati n b l w int rnati nal p v rt lin- p pl ’s attit t t wards d m sti vi l n

Vie a :- L w In m l v l- orp an p p lati n in r lat t ntr p p lati n

g a e a a:- L w st GDP p r apita av rag ann al gr wt rat

79




Vietnam

China

Ethiopia

TOTAL POPULATION (2008): 1,337,411,000

INCOME LEVEL:LOWER MIDDLE INCOMEGDP PER CAPITA AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%), (1990–2008): 9POPULATION BELOW INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE* (1992–2007): 16%ATTITUDE TOWARDS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (2001–2008): N/A

BIRTH RATE (2008): 18,134,000 OR 12/1,000 PEOPLEORPHAN POPULATION (2007 ESTIMATION): 17,000,000TOTAL ADOPTIONS TO THE U.S. (2008): 3,911


INCOME LEVEL:LOWER INCOMEGDP PER CAPITA AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%), (1990–2008): 6POPULATION BELOW INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE*(1992–2007): 22%ATTITUDE TOWARDS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (2001–2008): 64%

BIRTH RATE (2008): 1,494,000 OR 17/1,000 PEOPLEORPHAN POPULATION (2007 ESTIMATION): 1,500,000TOTAL ADOPTIONS TO THE U.S. (2008): 748


INCOME LEVEL:LOWER INCOMEGDP PER CAPITA AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%), (1990–2008): 2.4POPULATION BELOW INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE *(1992–2007): 39%ATTITUDE TOWARDS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (2001–2008): 81 %

BIRTH RATE (2008): 3,093,000 OR 38/1,000 PEOPLEORPHAN POPULATION (2007 ESTIMATION): 5,000,000TOTAL ADOPTIONS TO THE U.S. (2008): 1,724







intervention: brAnding concept

nAming the project

initiAl poster designfinAl poster design

82




INTeRVeNTIoN: BRANDING coNcePTnAming the project

w / i a

tr st nn ting b li vingnn ting t r g

b li ving in l v fr m ar nd t w rldp w r f a tr st d l v

mp w ring ildr n wit missing l vstr ngt ning

mp w ring niv rsal l vspr ading t l st l vspr ading l v t t f rg tt nspr ading l v a r ss t gl b

Gr wing L v gl l (t p jec )

niv rsal l v lun nditi nal l v lGr wing p wit L v G wl

N v r ending L v NeL (NeL)L v ofB li v & enri Be (T Be pr j t/ pr gram)Tr st and R a TAR

B li v and R a BAR(Ma ing it t r g t bar)

the e p jec

the e p jec

the e p jec

the e p jec

the e p jec

t p jec

t p jec

The el Project

The el Project

The el Project

The elproject

(Tr b t MS )

(univ rs)

(S ia)

(Sat )

(R nn r B ld)

INT RV NTI N A G

83




INTeRVeNTIoN: BRANDING coNcePTinitiAl poster designs

Parsons The New School For Design I Design and Management I Germaine Lau I Senior Thesis I Spring 2010The el Project I Design and Management I Germaine Lau I Senior Thesis I Spring 2010

Spreading love across the globe, giving love to ones in need.evolving love

Parsons The New School For Design

A study by World Vision have shown that orphans reaches 16 aged out of the adoptionprogram and orphanages are then put into use in workforce in the society. Unfortunately,many of these 210 millions orphans living in developing countries are still illiterate,uneducated and lacking the professional skills to make a living at the time they reach 16of age, as a result, 60% of these girls turn into prostitutes, as 75 percent of these boysturn into hardened criminals. Not only do these children need help physically to build aset of life skills to survive in this ever changing world, what these children need, insubset, is emotional support to stay positive despite their miserable conditions growingup as nurtureless orphans. By establishing a trusted and loving relationship with theseorphans, it will secure their self-esteem, show consistency, care and protection.

The el Project will serve as a channel for individuals of all age to help thoseemotionally damaged children to develop a secure relationship with one another; anability that have long been taken for granted. Given the opportunity and help throughthis project, these children will be able to communicate and secure the skills to live ahealthy and productive life as they grown, like me and you.

The el Project participants fromdeveloped countries will begin tocommunicate and help establish asecurerelationshipwith orphansfromdeveloping countries.

Throughtime, theseorphans will noto nl y b e a bl e t o b ui ld a s ta bl erelationship with The el Projectparticipants,but a securely attachedhumanrelationshipwithone another inthesociety.

Withadditional help to build basicsurvival skills and continuity of atrusting relationshipwith the outsideworld, theseorphans will benefitnotonlyfrom The el Project .

Orphansbenefiting from The el Projectwill alsohavetheability togiveback tothesocietyandhelpother orphansinneed.

The el Project participants fromdeveloped countr ies wi l l beg in tocommunicateandhelpestablisha securer e la t io n sh i p w i th o r ph a ns f r omdeveloping countries.

Through time,these orphanswillnot onlybe able to buildastable relationshipwithThe el Project par t icipants,bu t asecurely attachedhuman relationshipwithone anotherin the society.

With additionalhelp to buildbasicsurvivalsk i l l sand cont inui ty of a t rus tingrelationshipwith the outside world,theseorphanswillbene t notonly from The el Project .

Orphans benefiting from The el Project wil l a l sohave the abi l ity togivebacktothe societyandhelp otherorphansinneed.

A study by World Vision have shown that orphans reaches 16 aged out of the adoptionprogram and orphanages are then put into use in workforce in the society. Unfortunately,many of these 210 millions orphans living in developing countries are still illiterate,uneducated and lacking the professional skills to make a living at the time they reach 16of age, as a result, 60% of these girls turn into prostitutes, as 75 percent of these boysturn into hardened criminals. Not only do these children need help physically to b uild aset of life skills to survive in this ever changing world, what these children need, insubset, is emotional support to stay positive despite their miserable conditions growingup as nurtureless orphans. By establishing a trusted and loving relationship with theseorphans, it will secure their self-esteem, show consistency, care and protection.

The el Project will serve as a channel for individuals of all age to help thoseemotionally damaged children to develop a secure relationship with one another; anability that have long been taken for granted. Given the opportunity and help throughthis project, these children will be able to communicate and secure the skills to live ahealthy and productive life as they grown, like me and you.

Spreading love across the globe, giving love to ones in need.

The el Project

The el Project

evolving love

Astudy b y World Vision have shown that orphans reaches 16 aged out of the adoption program and orphanages are then put into use in workforcein the society. Unfortunately, many of these 210 millions orphans livingin developing countries are still illiterate, uneducated and lacking theprofessional skills to make a living at the time they reach 16 of age, asa result, 60% of these girls turn into prostitutes, as 75 percent of theseboys turn into hardened criminals. Not only do these children need helpphysically to build a set of life skills to survive in this ever changingworld, what these children need, in subset, is emotional support to staypositive despite their miserable conditions growing up as nurturelessorphans. By establishing a trusted and loving relationship with theseorphans, it will secure their self-esteem, show consistency, care andprotection.

The el Project will serve as a channel for individuals of all age tohelp those emotionally damaged children to develop a securerelationship with one another; an ability that have long been taken forgranted. Given the opportunity and help through this project, thesechildren will be able to communicate and secure the skills to live ahealthy and productive life as they grown, like me and you.

Parsons The New School For Design I Design and Management I Germaine Lau I Senior Thesis I Spring 2010

Spreading love across the globe, giving love to ones in need.e volving love

Orphansin developing countrieslack arolemodel to learnfromandlookuponwhilestruggling tolive anormal life.

Keenindividuals starting tobe awareof theseissues,however,unabletohelporcontributedue todistance.

Whereorphans andvolunteeredindividualsstay connectedthroughtheuseofmultimediatools, thusestablisha trusting andmutuallyrewarding experience.

Orphansbenefiting from The el Project will alsohavetheabilityto givebackto thesocietyandhelpother orphansinneed.

The el Project

Orphansin developing countrieslacka rolemodel tolearnfromandlookuponwhilestruggling tolive anormal life.

Keenindividuals starting tobe awareof theseissues,however,unabletohelporcontributedue todistance.

Whereorphans andvolunteeredindividualsstay connectedthroughtheuseofmultimediatools, thusestablisha trusting andmutuallyrewarding experience.

INT RV NTI N

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INTeRVeNTIoN: BRANDING coNcePTfinAl poster designs

The el Project

ENRICHING LIFE THROUGH THE POWER OF TRUSTThe el Project

CurrentIssueAstudyby WorldVision,a Christian relie ,developmentandadvocacy organization known oritsmany programsto helpchildren, amiliesandlocalcommunitiesaroundtheworldhasreportedthatorphansindevelopingcountriesreaches16o age;consequentlyagedouto mostadoptionprogramsandorphanagesarethenputintousein work orce.Un ortunately,manyo these210 millionorphansliving in unseen partso the world are still illiterate,uneducatedand lacking thepro essional skillsto make a living by the time they areremove rom the orphanage to sel -supportasa 16 yearoldindividual.

Problemwithin theissueGiven many situations when limited opportunity andinconsistent contactwith the outerworld,orphans withouta steady anddependablementoringrelationshipwith caregivers,subsequentlydevelopattachmentissueswithothers.In thecase o Reactive AttachmentDisorderor RAD, aconditionwhenindividualslacktheabilityto beafectionatewithothersandtherebyhavedi cultyengaginginalastingrelationship.Orphanswith psychologicaldisabilityto ormaproperrelationshipwith otherhumanbeings,arelimitedto

ewoptions/ opportunitiesin society ollowingtheirstayinorphanages.

Opportunity The el Project, expandsupon theidea o establishingatrustingandevolvingloverelationshipwith oneanother,serves as a technology based community channel;providinginstrumentsto ormconversationandinteractionbetweenkeenvolunteerso allagesto connect withemotionally damaged orphansin developing countries. Theexperiencewill securesel -esteem,showconsistency,careand give con dence tothese neglectedorphans;thushelpbuildthe essentialsocialskillsto live ahealthyandproductive li e astheygrow,likethosewho havethepriviledge o growing upin a loving amily.

Imagine life without love from a father or mother, or both?

Parsons The New School For DesignDesign and Management I Germaine Lau I Senior Thesis I Spring 2010 Parsons The New School For Design I Design and Management I Germaine Lau I Senior Thesis I Spring 2010

The el Project

ENRICHING LIFE THROUGH THE POWER OF TRUST The el Project CurrentIssue

Astudy by WorldVision,a Christianrelie ,development and advocacyorganization known or its manyprogramsto helpchildren, amiliesandlocal communitiesaroundtheworldhas reportedthat orphans indeveloping countriesreaches16 o age;consequentlyagedout o mostadoptionprogramsandorphanagesarethenputintouse inwork orce.Un ortunately, many o these 210millionorphanslivingin unseenpartso theworld arestill illiterate,uneducatedandlackingthepro essionalskillstomakea livingby thetimetheyareremove rom the orphanage tosel -supportasa 16yearoldindividual.

Problemwithin theissueGivenmany situationswhen limitedopportunity and inconsistentcontactwiththeouter world,orphanswithoutasteady and dependable mentoringrelationshipwithcaregivers,subsequentlydevelopattachmentissueswithothers.Inthecase o ReactiveAttachmentDisorderorRAD,aconditionwhenindividualslack theabilityto beafectionatewith othersandtherebyhavedi cultyengaginginalasting relationship. Orphans withpsychologicaldisability to orm aproperrelationshipwith otherhuman beings,arelimitedto ewoptions /opportunitiesin society ollowing their stay inorphanages.

Opportunity Theel Project,expandsuponthe ideao establishinga trustingandevolving loverelationshipwithoneanother,servesas atechnology basedcommunity channel;providing instruments to ormconversationand interaction betweenkeenvolunteerso allagesto connectwithemotionallydamaged orphansindevelopingcountries.Theexperiencewillsecuresel -esteem,showconsistency,careandgive con denceto theseneglectedorphans;thushelp build theessentialsocialskillstoliveahealthyandproductiveli easthey grow,likethosewho havethepriviledgeo growingupinaloving amily.

Imagine life without love from a father or mother,or both?

Caregivers,aware oft he situation,however,lack the knowledge tohelp these children.

The el Projectallowscaregiversand orphanstoestablish trustbylearning aboutemotionsand actionsthrough the useofemotions cards.The collective learning experiencewill stimulate interaction between caregiversandorphans,allowing thisvital conversation tobegin andgrow.

Given theopportunitytobuild atrustingrelationship with caregiversthrough theknowledge ofemotions,these orphanscan then freelyexpresstheir emotionsand benefitfromconfidence for moreopportunitiesin life.

Orphan lacking apersistantcaregiver often struggleswithtrustin expressing inner emotions;resulting in poor social skillsandlowexpectation in life.

Caregivers,aware ofthe situation,however,lack the knowledge tohelp these children.

The el Projectallowscaregiversand orphanstoestablish trustbylearning aboutemotionsand actionsthrough the useofemotionscards. The collective learning experiencewill stimulate interaction between caregiversandorphans,allowing thisvital conversation tobegin andgrow.

Given theopportunitytobuild atrustingrelationship with caregiversthrough theknowledge ofemotions,these orphanscan then freelyexpresstheir emotionsand benefitfromconfidence for moreopportunitiesin life.

Orphan lacking apersistantcaregiver often struggleswithtrustin expressing inner emotions;resulting in poor social skillsandlowexpectation in life.

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R b rt Rabin vitzN rman Fr manDr. JinJoanna CheungAd ptiv M t rkitt MM m t rNatas a LaiRi i Lamall s rv ta rs

AND eVeRyoNe eLSe Who GAVe Me cASuAL ADVIce

SPecIAL ThANkS To




“ The TRAuMA cReATeD By The RAD coNDITIoNAFFecTS The heART, SouL, BoDy ANDMIND. ”

- DR. WALTeR BueNNINGpSychologiSt And pSychotherApiSt to rAd fAmily And children



Documents

The el Project- a book about children with attachment disorder