THE DUAL REFEREE SYSTEM (TWO WHISTLE)

SCOPE OF THIS MODULE

REFEREE PRE-GAME CONFERENCE

DUAL SYSTEM MECHANICS

SCOPE TO BE COVERED……• NECESSITY OF THOROUGH PRE-GAME• POSITIONS AND DUTIES• TRAIL AND LEAD … COORDINATION• RESTARTS• SUBSTITUTIONS• POST-GAME DUTIES

GENERALLY…• Need to work as a team, not two

individual referees

• Need to adjust to each other’s styles, as needed and as per pre-game

• Monitor the players’ attitudes and game temperature and make adjustments as a TEAM.

REFEREE PRE-GAMECONFERENCE

PRE-GAME CONFERENCE • ALWAYS, ALWAYS, …. Never

“Blow-off” Pre-Game, it is vital• Head referee to conduct• Goal of pre-game … no surprises• Go over head referee-referee

interaction• When should I help my partner?

PRE-GAME … SUBSTITUTIONS– TEAM BENCHES ON SAME SIDE– TEAM BENCHES ON OPPOSITE SIDES– ALL STOPPAGE WHISTLES … MAKE EYE

CONTACT – RESTART WHISTLE … MAKE EYE CONTACT

AND LOOK FOR “READY SIGNAL”

PRE-GAME … SET PIECES• Cover positioning mechanics• Free Kicks

– Trail responsible for setting up each free kick

• Free Kicks from near penalty area– Lead will take a position as agreed in the

pre-game

PRE-GAME … OFF-THE-BALL INCIDENTS

Go over each referee’s responsibility to keep under surveillance

• Watching after the ball leaves• Understanding where play will go• Listening to the players• Knowing what happened earlier• Preventive refereeing … work as a team

PRE-GAME … Bench MisconductCaused by incidences that occur right in front of the benches

– Benches on same side … on both sides– Must prevent bench entry onto field– Referees to have no physical contact

whatsoever– Write, write, write– Consult with each other before carding– Shall we terminate?

PRE-GAME … ADVANTAGEBiggest problem in dual system, if no understanding between refereesThe importance of pausing … when Trail is

looking through play, Lead needs to pause before whistling for foulTrust … when play is in front of partnerOver-calling your partner unnecessarily discredits the referee team

PRE-GAME …. TEAMS• Share info from recent matches• Teams’ styles• Teams’ formations• Teams’ tactics• May require referees to adjust mechanics

and coverage

PRE-GAME WITH SCORER & TIMER

• GIVEN BY HEAD REFEREE • STARTING CLOCK, TIME-OUT, GOAL• 10-SECOND COUNTDOWN AT END OF

PERIODS• OVERTIME PROCEDURE, WHEN

APPLICABLE

OTHER PRE-GAME ITEMS• Pre-game inspections … field, goals,

game balls and players• Intro to coaches … ask coaches whether

players are to be properly equipped • Collect each team roster prior to game • Referee to conduct a pre-game with the

ball holders

PRE-GAME WITH TEAMS• Both head coaches + all captains• Review pertinent rules• Address good sportsmanship• Conduct coin toss

Referees Shall Enter Game As A Team

DUAL REFEREE SYSTEM MECHANICS

POSITIONS AND DUTIES

+TRAIL-LEAD COORDINATION• Make eye contact on every dead ball. • Use hand or verbal signals to communicate

DUAL SYSTEM

The Dual System is based upon the simple concept of a LEAD Referee and a TRAIL RefereeBoth officials have equal authority

DUAL SYSTEM

LEAD - TRAIL

TRAIL R

RLEAD

Game Flow

Box in play between the two officials at all times

GENERAL MOVEMENT• CHANGING LEAD TO TRAIL & VICE

VERSA– Reverse offside responsibility – Reverse off-the-ball coverage

• OFF-THE-BALL COVERAGE– Position of the ball will dictate responsibility– Alert off-the-ball coverage is a hallmark of

the Dual System.

TRAIL - LEAD

LEAD R

RTRAIL

Game Flow

Lead and Trail should ALWAYS be looking thru the ball at each other

DUAL SYSTEM

The LEAD referee is almost always either behind (recovering) or in front of the ball.

Expect that the close offside calls will typically be missed.

Where Should I Be??

No Exact Right Answer!!

DUAL SYSTEM

LEAD R

RTRAIL

LEAD R

RTRAIL

LEAD R

RTRAIL

LEAD R

RTRAIL

LEAD R

RTRAIL

LEAD R

RTRAIL

LEAD R

RTRAIL

LEAD R

RTRAIL

AS REFEREES ……• Focus on the field … no ball-watching• Keep a wide view of the area of play at all times• Lend assistance by penetrating into partner’s

half of field• Trail referee often has better overall view of play• Watch your partner’s back … watch players

behind and around partner in setup of wall• Eye contact with each other on each dead ball

LR

TR

KICK-OFFAR1

AR2

R

AR1

LR

AR2

RTR

CORNER KICK – LEFT SIDE

AR1

LR

AR2

RTR

CORNER KICK – RIGHT SIDE

AR1

TR

AR2

R

LR

GOAL-KICK

AR1

LR

AR2

RTR

PENALTY-KICK

AR1

LR

AR2

R

TR

DROP BALL – AWAY FROM GOAL

AR1

LR

AR2

R

TR

DROP BALL – NEAR GOAL

AR1

LEAD R

AR2

R

TRAIL R

DYNAMIC PLAY

Dynamic Play - Field Concepts

LEAD R

RTRAIL

Dynamic Play - Field Concepts

LEAD R

RTRAIL

Dynamic Play - Field Concepts

LEAD R

RTRAIL

“Coffin Corner”

“Coffin Corner”

MAKING THE CALL• LET THE WHISTLE DO YOUR TALKING• VISUALLY SIGNAL FOUL OR STOPPAGE

–GIVE DIRECTION– INDICATE IF INDIRECT FREE KICK– INDICATE SPOT IF NECESSARY–LEAD GIVES 2ND WHISTLE, WHERE

NEEDED

MAKING THE CALL … IFK

BOTH REFEREES GIVE + HOLD SIGNAL UNTIL:• Ball goes out of play … or• A second player is seen to touch the

ball by either referee• Maintain eye contact with each other

FREE KICK NEAR GOAL

• Option 1 … trail referee manages restart and takes offside and nearby fouls

• Optiion 2 … trail referee manages restart … lead referee takes offside, nearby fouls and goal line

AR1

LR

AR2

R

TR

DYNAMIC PLAY – NEAR GOAL

THROW-INS

• Positioning … on goal side of thrower

• Legality of Throw-In … foot and hand responsibility (pre-game)

• Ball back in play … both referees responsible for subsequent play

A1

LEAD R

AR2

R

TRAIL R

THROW-IN

SUBSTITUTIONSFROM SAME SIDE OF FIELD

• Beckoned by referee on that side of field• Both referees to give sub signal• Make sure defensive players have taken

their positions before giving the restart whistle

• Referee responsible for the re-start will sound the whistle

SUBSTITUTIONSFROM BOTH TOUCHLINES

• Both referees hold sub signal, until the substitutions are completed

• Make sure defensive players have taken their positions

• Referee with the restart blows whistle, after receiving the ready from

partner

RESTART WHISTLE• START OF PERIOD … TRAIL• KICK-OFF AFTER GOAL … TRAIL• GOAL KICK … TRAIL• CORNER KICK … LEAD• THROW-IN … REFEREE ON THAT

TOUCH-LINE

RESTART WHISTLE

• DROP BALL … TRAIL• PENALTY KICK … LEAD• DIRECT FREE KICK or INDIRECT FREE

KICK … LEAD

ADMINISTERING THE CAUTION• Whistle to stop play• Give time-out signal to stop clock• Isolate player and show yellow card• Inform player of reason … player must leave

the game (may return next sub time)• Give notice to coach and other referee• Both referees record information• Signal to have timer restart the clock

PLAYER DISQUALIFICATION • Whistle to stop play • Give time-out signal to stop the clock• Isolate player and inform player of reason• Show proper card(s) … player is to leave the

game (no replacement allowed)• Give notice to both coaches and other referee• Both referees record information … referee

issuing the card to submit written report• Signal to have timer restart the clock

COACH OR BENCH PERSONNEL DISQUALIFICATION

• Whistle to stop play and have clock stopped• Isolate coach or bench personnel• Show proper card(s)• Give notice to both coaches and other referee• Both referees record information• Signal to have timer restart the clock

HEAD REFEREE-REFEREE INTERACTIONS

• Interpretations …. Head Referee• Goal or not conflict .… Head Referee• Overall match management responsibility

… Head Referee• Fouls …. equal responsibility, cannot

overrule partner, but can confer

POST-GAME DUTIES• Verify score, where necessary• Then leave together immediately• No comment to anyone is best• File necessary official game report