THE DICTIONARY OF infinite HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE

By: Michael Smith

Albany plan of unionWas proposed by Benjamin Franklin at the Alban congress.

CatholicsRepresents half of the worlds Christians and one sixth of the worlds population

Classical republicanismA form of republicanism that was formed by old teachings.

factionsA political grouping of individuals

Free exercise clauseIs the accompanying clause with the establishment clause of the first amendment

Land ordinance of 1785Was adopted by congress under the articles of confederation

nationalismTo have love for ones country

Northwest ordinanceProvided sale of federal land

Navigation actsBritish rules that restricted foreign trade in the settelments

Rights of the accusedIs involved with civil and criminal rights

Salutary neglectWhere the British did not look over the colonies

theocracyDivine guidance in the government

totalitarianismA form of government when the leader is an absolute dictator

Writs of assistanceWas used to capture goods that were being shipped illegally.

Legislative branchAlso known as congress and has two different branches known as the house of representatives and the senate

Executive branchThis is the branch that is responsible for enforcing the laws and it is the branch where the president resides.

Judicial branch Is the branch responsible for interpreting the laws and consists of the federal courts and the supreme court which is the highest court in the land.

censureThis is where a senator or representative is publicly reprimanded by a colleague for bad behavior.

treatyA formal agreement between tow or more countries.

clotureIs where three fifths of the present senators are in favor of ending the debate.

Writ of Habeas CorpusIs a means that a detained person can request that a judge review their case before their detention is legal.

Bills of attainderAre legislative acts that convict people of a crime without a trial.

whipMakes sure the members of the party vote how the party leader wants them to

Titles of nobilityWhere you become a duke or duchess and rule over a portion of land (not possible in today's society)

Income taxA tax that is placed on the income that citizens earn.

tariffsAre taxes placed on manufactures.

Progressive taxA tax that increases in percentage as income rises.

General assemblyThe legislative branch is composed of this( this is NC version of the constitution)

Council of stateIt consists of elected heads including the lieutenant governor.

Lieutenant governorThe second highest executive officer.

statuesOtherwise known as state laws that have overwritten a governors veto

annexationincorporation by joining or uniting

gerrymanderingGerrymandering is a form of boundary delimitation (redistricting) in which electoral district or constituency boundaries are deliberately modified

Leandro caseIt determines that every North Carolina child has a Constitutional right to sound, basic education

Inheritance taxa tax on the estate of the deceased person

Disposal feesA fee for when you dump things into an area determined by the state

townshipan administrative division of a county

User feesPeople pay user fees for the use of many public services and facilities

activistSomebody who is actively involved in the local government.

apathyWhen people have no interest in making their voice heard.

candidatesPeople running for a political office

delegatesIs a representative.

electorsPeople who elect the candidates

Functions of political partiesTo have something that people stand for and to categorize the different types of people

Impartial juryA case with a panel of unbiased jury members.

lobbyistsPeople that are hired to convince legislation to pass certain bills.

Multi party systemA country with more than two parties competing

National conventionWhen the political parties get together and talk about changes they can make.

Partisan electionIt is when you can see the different parties

Small claim courtsIs a small court that hear small cases

Two-party systemWhere two political parties exist in a country

Voir direIs before the actual court case where the attorney ask the juror questions.

volunteersSomebody who gives there time for free.

annexationincorporation by joining or uniting

appealtake a court case to a higher court for review

Charter schoolsCharter schools are elementary or secondary schools in the United States that receive public money but have been freed from some of the rules

Consensus building A conversational style of decision making whereby issues and opinions are discussed across a range of perspectives

compromiseIn arguments, compromise is a concept of finding agreement through communication

Criminal/civil courtsCriminal are cases heard about people that break the lawCivil are court cases are problems between two parties like a divorce case

debateWhen two groups get together and argue about an important subject till one wins or the come to an agreement

Exclusive jurisdictionWhere that court is the only one that can hear that case

perjurycriminal offense of making false statements under oath

verdictTo come to a decision.

Administrative lawthe body of rules, regulations, orders, and decisions created by administrative agencies of government

Business interestWages earned by an individual who is also considered an owner of the business.

Criminal lawLaws that are set by legislative bodies that involve hurting the state or country.

Civil lawAre laws that are for people who have disputes.

detentionWhen a person does something wrong they have to serve time in detention where they have to be in an enclosed space without openings

Franking privilegesIs the privilege to send mail for free

Government publicationsPublications that are made by the government

House of burgessesThe Virginia House of Burgesses was the elected lower house in the legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619

Juvenile detention centerA place for younger law breakers to stay till they have learned their lesson or till they can go to prison

Long-term suspensionIs a long period of time where you are restricted to a certain area till you are told otherwise.

Monetary compensationCompensation for what you have done with money

Non-economic interestsInterests in which money is not a driving factor.

Police departmentA building where the local police have their offices and their equipment.

agribusinessa large-scale farming enterprise

automationthe condition of being automatically operated or controlled

Capital goodsThings that consumers buy like T.V. or computers

Capital investmentInvestment is the active redirection of resources/assets to creating benefits in the future

Division of laborDivision of labor or economic specialization is the specialization of cooperative labor in specific, circumscribed tasks and roles

productivitythe quality of being productive or having the power to produce

producermanufacturer: someone who manufactures something

pricingthe evaluation of something in terms of its price

scarcitya small and inadequate amount

Unskilled workersOne of the construction trades, traditionally considered unskilled manual labor

arbitrationthe hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties

Barter systemAn economic system in which two parties trade certain goods or services that each needs to survive.

Command economyEconomic system in which the government owns the land, resources, and means of production and makes all economic decisions.

deflationIn economics, deflation is a decrease in the general price level of goods and services

equitythe difference between the market value of a property and the claims held against it

Federal reserveFederal Reserve System: the central bank of the United States; incorporates 12 Federal Reserve branch banks and all national banks and state banks

Interest ratethe percentage of a sum of money charged for its use

Law of demandIn economics, the law of demand is an economic law that states that consumers buy more of a good when its price decreases and less when its price increases.

wagesA wage is a compensation, usually financial, received by workers in exchange for their labor

Shareholderssomeone who holds shares of stock in a corporation

Business cyclerecurring fluctuations in economic activity consisting of recession and recovery and growth and decline

Child laborThe employment of children who are under the legal

Comparative advantageIn economics, the law of comparative advantage refers to the ability of a party

Department of homeland securitythe federal department that administers all matters relating to homeland security

Economic indicatorsAn economic indicator is a statistic about the economy

European unionan international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members

Foreign aidaid (such as economic or military assistance) provided to one nation by another

Human rightsHuman rights are "basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled."

immigrationmigration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)

United nationsan organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security

World bankInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development: a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member

Acid rainrain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water

Baby boomersPeople who were born between 1946 and 1964

crimeCrime is the breach of rules or laws for which some governing authority may ultimately prescribe a conviction

diversityMulticulturalism is the acceptance or promotion of multiple ethnic cultures, for practical reasons and/or for the sake of diversity and applied to the demographic make-up of a specific place, usually at the organizational level, e.g. schools, businesses, neighborhoods, cities or nations

Economic cyclerefers to economy-wide fluctuations in production or economic activity over several months or years

Greenhouse effectwarming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere

immigrationmigration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)

literateable to read and write

Natural disasterA natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard ( flood, tornado) volcano eruption, earthquake, or landslide)

sexismdiscriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of the opposite sex

This has been the Dictionary of infinite historical knowledge for more knowledge call the number below (252) 546-7905