Topic: ExplorationAim: How did the Crusades lead to the Age of Exploration?Do Now: 1. Based on the pyramid below, who had the most power? 2. Which group had the largest population?

VASSALS (KNIGHTS)

KING

LORDS

PEASANTS (LARGEST GROUP)

SERFS (SLAVES)

The Middle Ages (Dark Ages)

Europe• Feudal System (Feudalism): rule by lords who owe loyalty to a monarch

• Manor: large estates run by Lords

• Few people left the manor. The manor had everything needed for survival. It was self-sufficient. (blacksmith, church, market, etc.)

The Middle East

•Muhammad spread Islam

•Followers wrote Muhammad’s messages in the Qur’an (Muslim holy book)

•By the late 600’s A.D. Islam conquered much of the Mediterranean area

The Crusades: Causes

• In 637 Muslims conquered Jerusalem– Allowed pilgrims of other faiths to visit the Holy City

• Seljuk Turks (also Muslims) took over Jerusalem in 1077 and refused to allow Jewish or Christian pilgrims into the city

• Pope Urban II called on Christians to fight and reclaim Jerusalem (1095)

We must fight to take back

Jerusalem in the name of

Christianity!!!

Fighting The Crusades

•The Crusades lasted over 150 years

•Christians gained control of Jerusalem at the end of the 1st Crusade

–Lasted 90 years

•Saladin (1187)–Muslim Sultan–Defeated Christians and took the city back

•The Christians were impressed with the new goods they encountered in the Middle East

•Many brought back the goods to Europe after the Crusades

•The new goods were in great demand in Europe

•The Christians were impressed with the new goods they encountered in the Middle

East

•Many brought back the goods to Europe after the Crusades

•The new goods were in great demand in Europe

ACTIVITY

• Predict how the Crusades led to the Age of Exploration