The Correlation Between Dental Absess and Sepsis

8/12/2019 The Correlation Between Dental Absess and Sepsis

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The Correlation betweendental abscess and sepsis

Andravina Pranathania

030.09.015


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CONTENT

PREFACE..............................................................................................................2

ABSTRACT.......................................................................................3

INTRODUCTION.................................................................................4

CHAPTER I

DENTAL ABSCESS.............................................5

Symptoms........................................5

Causs......................................!

CHAPTER II

SEPSIS..........."

Symptoms........................................................................................................."

CHAPTER III

THE CORRELATION BET#EEN DENTAL ABSCESS AND

SEPSIS..........................................................................................................$2

CONCLUSION........$4

REFERENCES........$5

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PREFACE

Sepsis causes ore deaths each !ear than prostate cancer" breast cancer and #$%&A$'S

cobined. An estiated 1( illion people contract sepsis ever! !ear" the nuber o) sepsis

cases continues to increase draaticall!. #ospitali*ations )or sepsis have ore than doubled

over the last 10 !ears" and in an! countries" ore people are hospitali*ed each !ear )or

sepsis than )or heart attac+. $nternational studies show that ,0-0/ o) sepsis patients

reuirin intensive care treatent developed sepsis outside the hospital. 2ecause o) that i

want to write about sepsis" and sepsis can caused b! an! )actor" one o) the is because

dental abscess.$ts iportant to +now about sepsis caused b! dental abscess" because sepsis is a

edical eerenc! and o)ten dianosed too late.

$ would li+e to than+ !ou to Allah swt" ! )ail!" ! teacher and colleaues who

helped with this paper. $ hope this paper use)ul and can reduce the late diaones o) sepsis.

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ABSTRACT

A dental a%s&ssis an in)ection o) the outh" )ace" 4aw" or throat that beins as a tooth

in)ection or cavit!. Althouh these in)ections can be caused b! poor dental health and can

result )ro lac+ o) proper and tiel! dental care" the! a! also occur in people with

underl!in edical conditions such as autoiune disorders or conditions that wea+en the

iune s!ste '(a%ts" post-radiation&cheotherap! cancer care6. 'ental abscesses can

also be triered b! inor traua in the oral cavit!.

Sepsis is t!pe o) blood in)ection in bod!" where blood strea is in)ected b! bacteria.

This condition o) blood is also +nown as bactereia.

An untreated abscess" can becoe worse without treatent. The in)ection will o)ten

continue to row until the bacteria enters the bloodstrea. 7nce the bacteriu enters the

bloodstrea" it can in)ect the entire bod!.

Sepsis is dianosed when a patient eets S$8S criteria" and has a suspected source o)

in)ection. These icrooraniss include bacteria" )uni" viruses" and parasites. People with

sepsis are coonl! treated in the intensive care unit" or $C" o) the hospital and started on

intravenous broad spectru antibiotics and a dentist a! recoend a root canal i) the

person wishes to +eep the tooth. A severe tooth abscess can o)ten reuire surical drainae o)

the abscess and reoval o) the in)ected tooth.

:;< =78'S >'ental Abscess" The Cause o) Sepsis" Sepsis 'ianosed" S$8S

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INTRODUCTION

A 'ental abscess can lead to a blood in)ection +nown as sepsis. Sepsis arises when the

bod!s response to an in)ection daaes its own tissues and orans. $t can lead to shoc+"

ultiple oran )ailure" and death" especiall! i) it is not reconi*ed earl! and treated proptl!.

2etween one-third and one-hal) o) all sepsis patients die. $n developin countries" sepsis

accounts )or ?0-(0/ o) all deaths. $t +ills ore than ? illion in)ants and !oun children" and

100"000 new others ever! !ear. ;ver! )ew seconds" soeone in the world dies o) sepsis.1

'ental sepsis in children can be de)ined as dental abscesses presentin as localised

swellins or drainin sinuses ad4acent to carious or trauatised teeth. The conseuences o)

such an in)ection" in addition to pain and disco)ort" are two-)old> )irstl! a chronic abscess

can result in daae to developin peranent teeth@ secondl!" acute abscesses related to

deciduous teeth can lead to rare" althouh serious" seuelae such as orbital cellulitus" brain

abscesses and uneBplained recurrent )ever.,

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CHAPTER I

DENTAL ABSCESS

A dental abscess is a collection o) pus that can )or in the teeth or us as a result o) a

bacterial in)ection.3

There are two t!pes o) dental abscess>

periapical abscess the ost coon t!pe6" when bacteria in)ect the inside o)

the tooth as a result o) dental deca!

periodontal abscess" when bacteria in)ect the us

'ental abscesses can be ver! pain)ul and tender and can a+e a person )eel unwell.

F()u* $> A collection o) in)ected aterial pus6 resultin )ro bacterial in)ection o) the center pulp6 o) a tooth.Paul ote+" 'D'. Tooth abscess" available at http>&&www.nl.nih.ov&edlineplus&enc!&article&0010?0.ht.pdate> ,&,,&,01,. accessed 9 4ul! ,01,

Symptoms

The ain s!pto o) a dental abscess is a severe toothachein a))ected tooth" which

can be intense and throbbin. The pain usuall! coes on uite suddenl! and raduall!

worsens over a )ew hours to a )ew da!s.

The pain a! spread to ear" lower 4aw and nec+ on the sae side as the a))ected tooth.

7ther s!ptos o) a dental abscess include>

tenderness o) tooth

sensitivit!

2itter taste in the outh

)ever

a eneral )eelin o) bein unwell

di))icult! openin outh

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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001060.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001060.htm


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d!sphaia

disturbed sleep

Causs

Causes o) a periapical abscess

=hen a periapical abscess occurs" plaue bacteria in)ect the tooth as a result o) dental

caries tin! holes caused b! tooth deca!6 that )or in the hard outer la!er o) tooth the

enael6.

'ental caries brea+ down the enael and the so)ter la!er o) tissue underneath dentine6

and eventuall! reach the centre o) !our tooth pulp6. This is +nown as pulpitis. The dental

pulp in the iddle o) the tooth dies and the pulp chaber becoes in)ected.

The bacteria continue to in)ect the pulp until it reaches the bone that surrounds and

supports the tooth alveolar bone6" where the periapical abscess )ors.

Causes o) a periodontal abscess

A periodontal abscess occurs when plaue bacteria a))ect the us" causin u

diseaseperiodontitis6.

Periodontitis causes in)laation redness and swellin6 in us" which can a+e the

tissue that surrounds the root o) tooth separate )ro the base. This separation creates a tin!

ap +nown as a periodontal poc+et" which can be ver! di))icult to +eep clean and allows

bacteria to enter and spread. The periodontal abscess is )ored b! the build-up o) bacteria in

the periodontal poc+et.

A periodontal abscess a! also occur as a result o)>

dental procedures that create accidental periodontal poc+ets

antibiotic use in untreated periodontitis" which can as+ the beinnins o) an

abscess

daae to the us" even i) theres no periodontitis

$n)ection results in a collection o) pus dead tissue" live and dead bacteria" white blood

cells6 and swellin o) the tissues within the tooth. This causes a pain)ul toothache. $) the pulp

o) the tooth dies" the toothache a! stop" unless an abscess develops. This is especiall! true i)

the in)ection reains active and continues to spread and destro! tissue.

2acteria )ro dental caries a tooth cavit!6 can eBtend into the us" the chee+" the

throat" beneath the tonue" or even into the 4aw or )acial bones. A dental abscess can becoe

ver! pain)ul when tissues becoe in)laed or due to the pressure within the abscess. A u

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http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dental-decay/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gum-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gum-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dental-decay/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gum-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gum-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx


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or inival abscess is the result o) in)ection or traua to the sur)ace o) the u tissue.

Periodontalabscesses are the result o) an in)ection that has oved deeper into u areas" and

a periapical abscess re)ers to a tooth with an in)ection o) the pulp.

Pus collects at the site o) the in)ection. The condition will becoe proressivel! ore

pain)ul until the abscess either ruptures and drains on its own or is drained suricall!.

8arel!" the in)ection can proress to the point at which swellin threatens to bloc+ the

airwa!" causin di))icult! breathin. 'ental abscesses can also a+e !ou enerall! ill" with

nausea" voitin" )evers"chills" and sweats.5

CHAPTER II

SEPSIS

Sepsis is an illness in which the bod! has a severe response to bacteria or other ers

that is triered b! an in)ection. This response a! be called s!steic in)laator! response

s!ndroe S$8S6.

The bod! a! develop this in)laator! response b! the iune s!steto icrobes

in theblood" urine" luns" s+in" or other tissues. A la! ter )or sepsis is blood poisonin" also

used to describe septicaeia. Severe sepsis is the s!steic in)laator! response" in)ection

and the presence o) oran d!s)unction.

Septiceia is a related edical ter re)errin to the presence o) pathoenic oraniss

in the bloodstrea" leadin to sepsis.

Symptoms

$n sepsis" blood pressure drops" resultin in shoc+. Da4or orans and bod! s!stes"

includin the +idne!s" liver" luns" and central nervous s!ste" stop wor+in properl!

8
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=58937http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=59281http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=58831http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skinhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000039.htmhttp://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=58937http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=59281http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=58831http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skinhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000039.htm


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because o) poor blood )low.

A chane in ental statusand ver! )ast breathin a! be the earliest sins o) sepsis.

$n eneral" s!ptos o) sepsis can include>

Chills

Con)usionor deliriu

everor low bod! teperature h!potheria6

Eiht-headedness due to low blood pressure

8apid heartbeat

Sha+in

S+in rash

=ar s+in

2ruisin or bleedin a! also occur.

Accordin to the Aerican Collee o) Chest Ph!sicians and the Societ! o) Critical Care

Dedicine"there are di))erent +,+s o- sps(s>

Systm(& (-+ammato*y *spos sy'*omS$8S6. 'e)ined b! the presence o)

two or ore o) the )ollowin )indins>

o 2od! teperatureF 3? GC 9?.( G6 or H 3( GC 100. G6 h!potheriaor

)ever6.

o #eart rateH 90 beats per inute.

o 8espirator! rateH ,0 breaths per inute or" onblood as"a PaC7,less than

3, #.3 +Pa6 tach!pneaor h!pocapnia due to h!perventilation6.

o =hite blood cellcount F "000 cells&3or H 1,"000 cells&3F I 109or

H 1, I 109cells&E6" or reater than 10/ band )ors iature white blood

cells6. leu+openia" leu+oc!tosis" orbandeia6.

Sps(s. 'e)ined as S$8S in response to a con)ired in)ectious process. $n)ection

can be suspected or proven b! culture" stain" or pol!erase chain reaction

PC866" or a clinical s!ndroe pathonoonic )or in)ection. Speci)ic evidence

)or in)ection includes =2Cs in norall! sterile )luid such as urine or

cerebrospinal )luid CS66@ evidence o) a per)orated viscus )ree air on

abdoinal B-ra! or CT scan@ sins o) acute peritonitis6@ abnoral chest B-ra!

CJ86 consistent with pneuonia with )ocal opaci)ication6@ or petechiae"

purpura" orpurpura )ulinans.

9
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003205.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003205.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000740.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003090.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003077.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003220.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_inflammatory_response_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothermiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mm_Hghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KPahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachypneahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypocapniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperventilationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_millimetrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_millimetrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukopeniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukocytosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_peritonitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petechiaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpura_fulminanshttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003205.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003205.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000740.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003090.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003077.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003220.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_inflammatory_response_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothermiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mm_Hghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KPahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachypneahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypocapniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperventilationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_millimetrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukopeniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukocytosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_peritonitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petechiaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpura_fulminans


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S,* sps(s. 'e)ined as sepsis with oran d!s)unction" h!poper)usion" or

h!potension.

Spt(& s/o&0. 'e)ined as sepsis with re)ractor! arterial h!potension or

h!poper)usion abnoralities in spite o) adeuate )luid resuscitation. Sins o)

s!steic h!poper)usiona! be either end-oran d!s)unction or seru lactate

reater than ol&E. 7ther sins include oliuria and altered ental status.

Patients are de)ined as havin septic shoc+i) the! have sepsis plus h!potension

a)ter aressive )luid resuscitation t!picall! upwards o) ? liters or 0 l&+ o)

cr!stalloid solution6.

;Baples o) end-oran d!s)unction include the )ollowin>

Euns> acute lun in4ur!AE$6 Pa7,&i7,F 3006 or acute respirator! distress

s!ndroeA8'S6 Pa7,&i7,F ,006

2rain> encephalopath!s!ptos> aitation" con)usion" coa@ cause> ischeia"

heorrhae" icrothrobi" icroabscesses" ulti)ocal necroti*in

leu+oencephalopath!

Eiver> disruption o) protein s!nthetic )unction> ani)ests acutel! as proressive

coaulopath! due to inabilit! to s!nthesi*e clottin )actors" disruption o)etabolic )unctions> ani)ests as cessation o)bilirubinetabolis" resultin in

elevated uncon4uated seru bilirubin levels indirect bilirubin6

:idne!> oliuriaand anuria" electrol!te abnoralities" volue overload

#eart> s!stolic and diastolic heart )ailure" li+el! due to c!to+ines that depress

!oc!te )unction" cellular daae" ani)est as a troponin lea+ althouh not

necessaril! ischeic in nature6

Dore speci)ic de)initions o) end-oran d!s)unction eBist )or S$8S in pediatrics>

Cardiovascular d!s)unction a)ter )luid resuscitation with at least 0 l&+ o)

cr!stalloid6

o h!potension with blood pressure F 5th percentile )or ae or s!stolic

blood pressure F , standard deviations below noral )or ae" 78

o vasopressorreuireent" 78

o two o) the )ollowin criteria>

uneBplained etabolic acidosiswithbase de)icitH 5 ;&E

10
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_shockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoperfusionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliguriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altered_mental_statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_shockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalloid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lung_injuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalopathyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulopathyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clotting_factorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indirect_bilirubin&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliguriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anuriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte_abnormalitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_overloadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troponinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_acidosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_deficithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_shockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoperfusionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliguriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altered_mental_statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_shockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalloid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lung_injuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalopathyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulopathyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clotting_factorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indirect_bilirubin&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliguriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anuriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte_abnormalitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_overloadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troponinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_acidosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_deficit


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lactic acidosis> seru lactate , ties the upper liit o) noral

oliuria urine output F 0.5 l&+&hr6

proloned capillar! re)illH 5 seconds

core to peripheral teperature di))erence H 3GC

8espirator! d!s)unction in the absence o) c!anotic heart diseaseor +nown

chronic lun disease6

o the ratio o) the arterial partial-pressure o) oB!en to the )raction o)

oB!en in the ases inspired Pa7,&i7,6 F 300 the de)inition o) acute

lun in4ur!6" 78

o arterial partial-pressure o) carbon dioBide PaC7,6 H ?5 torr ,0

#6 over baseline PaC7, evidence o) h!percapnic respirator!

)ailure6" 78

o suppleental oB!en reuireent o) reater than i7,0.5 to aintain

oB!en saturation K 9,/

Leuroloic d!s)unction

o Mlasow Coa ScoreMCS6 N 11" 78

o altered ental status with drop in MCS o) 3 or ore points in a patient

with developental dela!&ental retardation

#eatoloic d!s)unction

oplatelet count F (0"000&3 or 50/ drop )ro aBiu in

chronicall! throboc!topenic patients" 78

o international norali*ed ratio$L86 H ,

o 'isseinated intravascular coaulation

8enal d!s)unction

o seru creatinine K , ties the upper liit o) noral )or ae or ,-)old

increase in baseline creatinine in patients with chronic +idne! disease

#epatic d!s)unction onl! applicable to in)ants H 1 onth6

o total serubilirubinK &dl" 78

o alanine ainotrans)eraseAET6 K , ties the upper liit o) noral

Consensus de)initions" however" continue to evolve" with the latest eBpandin the list o)

sins and s!ptos o) sepsis to re)lect clinical bedside eBperience

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactic_acidosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capillary_refillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanotic_heart_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_lung_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lung_injuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lung_injuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypercapnic_respiratory_failure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypercapnic_respiratory_failure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_Coma_Scorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_delayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_retardationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_normalized_ratiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disseminated_intravascular_coagulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_aminotransferasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactic_acidosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capillary_refillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanotic_heart_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_lung_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lung_injuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lung_injuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypercapnic_respiratory_failure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypercapnic_respiratory_failure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_Coma_Scorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_delayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_retardationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_normalized_ratiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disseminated_intravascular_coagulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_aminotransferase


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F()u* 21'r. +do. 'e)inin S!steic $n)laator! 8esponse S!ndroe S$8S6 and Sepsis Criteria

http>&&www.internali*eedicine.co&,01,&0,&s!steic-in)laator!-response-s!ndroe.htl. 1O ebruar!,01,. Accessed ( ul! ,01,

CHAPTER III

THE CORRELATION BET#EEN DENTAL ABSCESS AND SEPSIS

A tooth abscess is a poc+et o) in)ected aterial resultin )ro an in)ection in the center

o) the tooth. Tooth deca! is o)ten the ain culprit o) a tooth abscess. Tooth deca! causes

openins in tooth enael" allowin har)ul bacteria" dead tissue and white blood cells" o)ten

re)erred to as pus" to enter the center o) the tooth. Antibiotics o)ten are enouh to destro! the

bacteria and allow the abscess to heal. #owever" occasionall!" an abscess can lead to a blood

in)ection +nown as sepsis.

An untreated abscess" li+e an! wound" can becoe worse without treatent. The

in)ection will o)ten continue to row until the bacteria enters the bloodstrea. 7nce the

bacteriu enters the bloodstrea" it can in)ect the entire bod!.

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F()u* 41 #istora o) nuber o) untreated deca!ed teeth and the prevalence o) dental sepsis

Pine" CD" #arris" 8.%. 2ritish 'ental ournal %olue ,00 Lo. 1> An investiation o) the relationship betweenuntreated deca!ed teeth and dental sepsis in 5-!ear-old children. an ,00?. p ?

$) a tooth abscess proresses to a s!steic in)ection" it can ipair blood )low to the

a4or orans such as the heart" brain and +idne!s. The Lational $nstitutes o) #ealth warns

that sepsis can cause a coplication called disseinated intravascular coaulation" or '$C"

which leads to the )oration o) blood clots in the orans. This can cause stro+e" heart attac+

and even death.A s!steic blood in)ection reuires propt treatent to prevent coplications. People

with sepsis are coonl! treated in the intensive care unit" or $C" o) the hospital and started

on intravenous broad spectru antibiotics" accordin to The Lational $nstitutes o) #ealth.

A broad spectru antibiotic treats a wide variet! o) bacteria. Ph!sicians use these antibiotics

so that a person can receive iediate treatent while the lab runs blood tests to deterine

the speci)ic bacteria causin the in)ection. These tests can ta+e up to three da!s )or results.

A)ter the laborator! deterines the speci)ic bacteria" ph!sicians will ive intravenous

antibiotics that to speci)icall! taret the eBact bacteria. Ph!sicians a! also include oB!en"

)luids and edications to increase blood pressure in a patientQs treatent. A dentist a!

recoend a root canal i) the person wishes to +eep the tooth. A severe tooth abscess can

o)ten reuire surical drainae o) the abscess and reoval o) the in)ected tooth. ?

13


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CONCLUSION

Abscess )oration and the spread o) in)ection within the )ascial nec+ spaces can lead to

direct pressure on the upper airwa!. This can result in sini)icant coproise to airwa!

patenc! with iediate threat to li)e. An untreated abscess" can becoe worse without

treatent. The in)ection will o)ten continue to row until the bacteria enters the bloodstrea.

7nce the bacteriu enters the bloodstrea" it can in)ect the entire bod!. O

People with an abscess should see a dentist iediatel!" without dental treatent" a

dental abscess will et worse and a! lead to the destruction o) surroundin bone and other

serious health probles and it can preventin a tooth abscess )ro proressin to blood

in)ection

14


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REFERENCES

1. en+ins" Sophie. Sepsis. http>&&www.)astbleep.co&edical-notes&other&15&3,&19O.

Access ( ul! ,01,.

,. Pine" CD" #arris" 8.%. 2ritish 'ental ournal %olue ,00 Lo. 1> An investiation o)

the relationship between untreated deca!ed teeth and dental sepsis in 5-!ear-old

children. an ,00?. p 5

3. L#S Choise" 'ental abscess" available at http>&&www.nhs.u+&conditions&'ental-

abscess&Paes&$ntroduction.aspB" update> 11&03&,01,"accsess ( 4ul! ,01,

. Paul ote+" 'D'. Tooth abscess" available at

http>&&www.nl.nih.ov&edlineplus&enc!&article&0010?0.ht. pdate> ,&,,&,01,.

15
http://www.fastbleep.com/medical-notes/other/15/32/197.%20Access%208%20July%20201http://www.fastbleep.com/medical-notes/other/15/32/197.%20Access%208%20July%20201http://www.fastbleep.com/medical-notes/other/15/32/197.%20Access%208%20July%20201http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Dental-abscess/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Dental-abscess/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001060.htmhttp://www.fastbleep.com/medical-notes/other/15/32/197.%20Access%208%20July%20201http://www.fastbleep.com/medical-notes/other/15/32/197.%20Access%208%20July%20201http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Dental-abscess/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Dental-abscess/Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001060.htm


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accesses 9 4ul! ,01,

5. 2alentine" 8" '7" AC;P. Sepsis 2lood $n)ection6. Available at

http>&&www.eedicinehealth.co&sepsisRbloodRin)ection&articleRe.ht. Accesses 9

ul! ,01,.

6. DcDann"Delanie. Can a Tooth Abscess Cause a 2lood $n)ection. Available at

http>&&www.livestron.co&article&,3O-can-a-tooth-abscess-cause-a-blood-

in)ection&. pdate Au 10" ,011. Accesses 9 ul! ,01,.

O. #andle!" T" 'evlin" D. $CS %olue 10 Luber 1> The sepsis s!ndroe in

odontoenic in)ection.. anuar! ,009. p ,

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Documents

The Correlation Between Dental Absess and Sepsis