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RESILIENT RECOVERYFROM PRACTICE TO ACTION
Raja Rehan Arshad, Team Leader, Resilient
Recovery team at GFDRR, World Bank
16th Meeting of the Consultative Group
Washington, D.C.
May 5, 2015
Resilient Recovery: The Way Forward for Sustainable Development
Opening Remarks Raja Rehan Arshad, Team Leader, Resilient Recovery team at GFDRR,
World Bank
Post Disaster Support to Nepal Marc Forni, Senior Disaster Risk Management
Specialist, World Bank
UNDP: Building upon PDNA, Guiding Recovery Angelika Planitz, Disaster &
Climate Risk Governance Advsior, Bureau for Policy and Programme Support, UNDP
Malawi 2015 Flooding: A Collaborative Approach towards Resilient
Recovery Mr. Peter Simbani, Director of Debt and Aid Management, Ministry of Finance and
Economic Development, Malawi
Supporting Early Recovery in Malawi Angelika Planitz, Disaster & Climate Risk
Governance Advsior, Bureau for Policy and Programme Support, UNDP
Piloting the Recovery Framework and Strengthening Recovery
Systems in Malawi Ayaz Parvez, Senior DRM Specialist, World Bank
Agenda
Resilient Recovery Team Achievements
Launch: Guide to Developing Disaster Recovery
Frameworks; Post-Disaster Needs Assessment
Guide in collaboration with EU and UN
Global Assessment Report 2015; WCDRR
Advocacy
12 post-disaster engagements (2014-15)
Informing 9 recovery projects worth over $800
million In DRM-related funding – India,
Philippines, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Serbia
Leveraged National DRM Programs
World Reconstruction Conference 2
Evolving Strategy for Resilient Recovery
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
Priority 4. Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to
“Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction
• Strengthen coordination and funding mechanisms for post-disaster
recovery and reconstruction;
• Ensure the continuity of operations and planning;
• Use opportunities during the recovery phase to develop capacities that
reduce disaster risk in the short, medium and long term;
• Develop guidance for preparedness for disaster reconstruction;
• Review and strengthen national laws and procedures on international
cooperation for recovery.
PROMOTE RESILIENT
RECOVERY THROUGH
EX-POST AND EX-
ANTE ENGAGEMENTS
STRENGTHEN
EXISTING
PARTNERSHIPS FOR
MAXIMUM
EFFECTIVENESS:
JOINT PROGRAM
WITH UNDP
Resilient Recovery Team and Activities (FY 16–18)
Knowledge Management &
Tool Development
Building Global Recovery Alliances
and Partnership
Thematic
Expansion of
DRF Guide
Rollout of
DRF Guide
Civil Society
Engagement
Partnership
and
Coordination
Pillars
Activities Post Disaster
Assessments
& Recovery
Frameworks
Technical Assistance &
Capacity Development
Outcomes
QUICKER, MORE RESILIENT RECOVERY
Strengthening
Recovery
Systems
Disaster affected countries have enhanced capacity and
improved plans for financing and implementing resilient
recovery
Strengthening DRM through RecoveryMalawi
• Recovery directly informs the disaster risk reduction agenda
• In Malawi, a GFDRR-supported an assessment in 2012 that helped guide a $6.5 million
investment in DRM that is supporting
• The re-classification of 20,000 households to lower flood risk levels
• Improved flood management for 250,000 beneficiaries
• Installation of 30 hydromet stations.
• GFDRR’s engagement with Malawi has been sustained, from recovery to risk management, and
now again for recovery
Vanuatu
• Category 5 Tropical Cyclone (TC) Pam struck Vanuatu over 12-14 March, 2015 (WCDRR)
• TC PAM triggered a payout of US$ 1.9 million from the PCRAFI facility
• Providing support to the GoV on conducting Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA);
Post Disaster Support to Nepal
Marc Forni, Senior Disaster Risk Management
Specialist, World Bank
16th Meeting of the Consultative Group
Washington, D.C.
May 5, 2015
As of May 3, the GoN reported 7,240 deaths and
14,122 injuries
India, Bangladesh and China have also been impacted
8 million people affected in 39 districts, of which 2 over
2 million live in the 11 severely affected districts
Many villages largely destroyed in most impacted rural
areas (Up to 90 per cent of the houses in Gorkha and
Sindupalchowk districts have been destroyed
668 schools in 37 districts have been completely
destroyed and 1819 schools have been partially
damaged.
Situation on the ground
Timeline
Sat
GFDRR Labs
mobilized
Sun
Track 3 teams
engage EU, UN
CD receives
brief from
GFDRR
Mon
Transport
team
mobilized
Tue
Begin design
of structural
assessment
Engagement
notes on
SP/
livelihood/
Shelter
Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Mon TueEQ
Team from
Delhi arrives
in KTM
Triggering
KLL and
Open Cities
Rapid
building
assessment
team arrives
Second DRM
team
arrives
First PDNA
coordination
meeting
Draft TOR
being
prepared
jointly
PDNA
leader
arrives
Wed
Post Disaster Needs Assessment
GFDRR mobilized $300,000 for recovery in 48 hours
A GFDRR - Resilient Recovery team member is in Nepal to coordinate the Post Disaster Needs
Assessment (PDNA) exercise with UN, EU, ADB and other development partners
The first coordination meeting to discuss PDNA was hosted on May 4, 2015 at the World Bank and
was attended by ADB, Australia, EU, ECHO, JICA, NRRC, UNRC, UNDP and USAID.
To complement the PDNA, the GFDRR Labs team is conducting a pre- and post-event analysis
using remote sensing techniques in order to
• Estimate direct damage to the building stock,
• Identify landslide impacts on roads, rivers and towns, and
• Identify highly affected areas.
The PDNA is expected to start within 2-3 weeks.
.
Support offered to the Government
GFDRR Labs engagement: preliminary analytical plan
The GFDRR Labs team mobilized immediately after the earthquake
Brought together risk modelers, remote sensing experts, geospatial teams, software engineers,
and the OpenStreetMap community
Developed five work-streams:
• Modeling damage and loss estimates
• Designing and deploying Rapid Structural Damage Assessment
• Remote Sensing for pre- and post-event analysis
• Supporting and leading OpenStreetMap efforts in Kathmandu and across Nepal
• Developing platforms to share data outside the WBG
An OSM expert will arrive in Nepal today (May 4) to support the use of detailed school and medical
facilities database developed by the Open Cities initiative to help in the assessment of damages to
schools and other critical infrastructure
Support offered to the Government
Structural damage assessment survey
Determine if buildings were compromised by the earthquake and aftershocks
Tag buildings to ensure public safety and reduce risk
Inform recovery and reconstruction efforts
Recommend actions for repair and recovery to building owners
Developed a guiding note with options for different level of structural damage assessment detailing
the pros and cons of each option
Sent two senior structural engineers to help in developing a system for the structural damage
assessment survey
The team will in the coming couple of days undertake QA/QC of the assessment, prepare a
diagnostic and share it with Department of Urban Development and Building Construction
Support offered to the Government
Safe Schools Program
Early reports suggest that many schools have been either completely destroyed or partially
damaged
The WB already has a Safe Schools Program whose goal is to strengthen school facilities around
the world
In Nepal, GFDRR has supported the Open Cities project that mapped and collected important
structural features of all schools
The DRM team is exploring ways to collect similar information after the earthquake to better inform
and expedite the reconstruction of these facilities
The DRM team will closely work with a local NGO – the Kathmandu Living Labs to facilitate the
collection of this important data so that damages to schools will be assessed quickly and
reconstruction is expedited.
Support offered to the Government
Transitional solutions and rural housing reconstruction
With the monsoon season around the corner, the DRM team is focusing on immediate transitional
“solutions”, including (i) transitional shelters and (ii) rental and housing subsides
The DRM team has developed a rural housing reconstruction guidance note to ensure that all
essential pieces for a successful housing reconstruction program are in place
The guiding principles for the proposed housing reconstruction are
• Preference for owner-driven reconstruction
• Preserving existing social relationships i.e. avoiding permanent relocation of neighborhoods
• Ensuring seismic safety of the reconstructed structures
• Promoting transparent and robust mechanism for financing, implementing, and monitoring.
Support offered to the Government
Social Protection
The social protection team have developed a guidance note on ways to expand some of the
existing programs
Temporary income support is crucial at this time of crises
Given Nepal’s topography, cash is cheapest and easiest to distribute
Existing programs are limited to certain minority groups, such as the elderly and widows
The team is exploring on ways to expand or create new temporary mechanisms for this purpose
Transport
Early reports suggest that landslides have swept away roads and trails.
The team is currently developing a strategy to conduct rapid condition assessment of the major
bridges and road networks to ensure mobility and safety.
Support offered to the Government
Building Upon Post Disaster Needs Assessments: Guiding Recovery
Angelika Planitz
Disaster & Climate Risk Governance Advsior
Bureau for Policy and Programme Support
UNDP
16th Meeting of the Consultative Group
Washington, D.C.
May 5, 2015
From humanitarian response to recovery and development planning
Recent Collaboration
• Search and rescue
• Humanitarian assessment and response
Disaster
• Assets damaged
• Flows affected (economic losses, access to goods and services, governance, risk change)
1.Assessment of effects
• Economic impacts (macro effects on growth, external and fiscal balances, prices, employment, etc.)
• Human development impacts (social and development indicators, population welfare)
2. Impacts analysis
• Economic
• Social
• Human development
• Sustainable recovery
• Governance
• Risk reduction and build back better
• Cross cutting perspective
3. Needs identification • Sector by
sector and cross cutting prioritization and sequencing
4. Recovery Strategy
For a harmonized action on the ground
Post Disaster Needs Assessment –PDNA, a suit of 16 sector guides and a methodology (Volumes A and B)
Disaster Recovery Framework – DRF, focused on the long term vision, planning and implementation.
Capacity building strategy aimed at consolidating a pool of recovery experts at the global, regional and in country levels.
Tools and Procedures in Place
• Balanced approach with focus on social and livelihoods impact along with
infrastructure damage and loss assessment.
• 30 PDNAs conducted since the signature of the tri-partite agreement in 2008.
• Increasing recognition and on-demand technical assistance for PDNA and
DRF.
• Larger roster of experts for training and actual assessments.
• Innovative knowledge products such as the PDNA and DRF guides along
with a standard training package.
Main Achievements
PDNAs conducted between 2008-2014
Recent Achievements
Between 2014 and 2015 the EU, WB and UNDG
jointly addressed 10 requests from the
governments of:
Solomon Islands, The Philippines, Bosnia,
Herzegovina, Malawi, Vanuatu, Gaza,
Albania, Cabo Verde (ongoing), and
Mozambique (on-going).
200 practitioners trained on PDNA in 4 regional
workshops and 1 Training of Trainers.
An enhanced roster of experts (30 PDNA
experts) including trained sector specialists for
4 regions: Africa, the Americas, Asia and Central
Europe.
• Coordination among Head Quarters, Regional and Country Offices from 3
partners with SOPs on the ground.
• Government interlocutors are different for each partner making it difficult
to match similar interests i.e. Ministry of Finance, Home Affairs or other
Ministry with a lead DRM role.
• Agreements on best timing to conduct a PDNA.
• Financing for PDNA and recovery interventions.
• M&E with a set of relevant indicators.
Remaining Challenges
Conducting joint trainings EU-WB-UNDG before a disaster
strikes.
Engaging Resident Coordinators, Country Managers, TTLs
from regions and countries to inform on agreed procedures,
protocols and benefits.
Maintaining a common roster of experts.
Designing a communication strategy addressed to different
stakeholders including national governments, partners, the
media and the academic sectors.
Improving Coordination
Improving Monitoring and Evaluation
Evaluate past PDNAs.
Design of an indicators system to measure success, actual
implementation of recovery strategies, fund raising.
Develop some statistics related to number of PDNAs conducted,
annual average requests, engagement of national and local
authorities, accountability.
Stakeholder and beneficiary engagement in the M&E process.
Identification of good practices and lessons learned.
A new proposal to support increasing demand for technical assistance in three core recovery functions:
Joint UNDP-GFDRR Funding for Resilient Recovery
1. Ex-ante strengthening of recovery systems and capacity
development.
2. Ex-post conducting post disaster needs assessment and
developing comprehensive recovery frameworks.
3. Knowledge management i.e. a repository of sound and
innovative recovery practices and enhanced roster of
experts.
Malawi 2015 Flooding: A Collaborative Approach towards Resilient Recovery
Peter K. Simbani
Director of Debt and Aid Management, Ministry of
Finance and Economic Development, Malawi
16th Meeting of the Consultative Group
Washington, D.C.
May 5, 2015
Malawi’s country profile
• Malawi's population is estimated at 16.3
million with a GDP of US$3.7 billion
(2013)
• 26.9% of the country's GDP is
agriculture-based.
• 50.7% of the population lives below the
poverty line.
• Around 85% of Malawi’s population
lives in rural areas, with the majority
engaged in smallholder, rain-fed
subsistence agriculture
Malawi’s disaster risk profile
• Over the last 20 years, the Shire River Basin has
experienced some of the worst droughts (1991/92,
2004, 2005) and floods (2000/01 and 2015).
• On average, Malawi loses US$9 million each year
due to floods in the Shire Basin alone.
• In addition, the country also experiences
devastating effects of drought especially on crop
production resulting in lower GDP growth.
• This impacts many rural households that depend
on the floodplain/agriculture for their livelihoods
• Critical sectors of the economy are also impacted
January 2015 flood event was unprecedented• While the Southern region of Malawi was the most
hard hit by the floods, the other two regions were
also not spared. Karonga, Rumphi (north), and
Salima and Ntcheu (centre) experienced
catastrophic flooding as well.
• The President declared a state of disaster for 15
out of 28 districts on January 13, 2015
• Highest ever recorded rainfall in January 2015
resulted in a 1-in-500 year flood
• Chronic degradation in upper catchments and
floodplain exacerbated flooding and sedimentation
Human impacts of floods were devastating
• 1,150,000 people affected
• 336,000 people displaced
• More than 100 deaths by floods
Massive loss and damage to livelihoods and assets
• 89,000 ha crops lost or damaged, affecting 238,000
households and an agricultural production loss of US$65m
• 523,000 houses destroyed or badly damaged
• 195,000 livestock lost, among many other private assets
• 1,200 km of roads and 185 bridges severely damaged (7% of
national network)
• 536 school classrooms and 23 health facilities badly damaged
• 56 percent of the internally displaced population resided in 25
sites, increasing the risk of water borne diseases
Post-Disaster Needs Assessment results indicated significant losses
(Sub-)Sector Disaster Effects
(US$ M)
Reconstruction &
Recovery Needs
(US$ M)
Agriculture 68 78
Education 12 23
Housing 139 175
Transport 50 106
Water & sanitation 26 59
Total* 332 494
*12 sectors impacted in total
The PDNA took place from 18 February to 7 March 2015.
It was led by DoDMA with financial support from the EU
and technical support from UNDP and the Bank.
Floods hit the poor especially hard
• Poverty simulations show that the
maximum observed rainfall shocks
could drive 20.8% more individuals
into poverty
• Poor populations have little asset
ownership so less coping capacity
against external shocks
• Flood-affected households rely largely
on own savings and assistance from
relatives and friends as means to cope
The floods hit the country’s 15 poorest districts
Government budget under fiscal pressure
The Government of Malawi’s budget is under enormous fiscal pressure and unable to
absorb shock:
• Floods are projected to result in 0.6% lower GDP growth in 2015.
• Total disaster effects and recovery and reconstruction needs for the 12 affected sectors come to around
US$332 million and US$494 million, respectively.
• Total disaster effects are equivalent to approximately 5.2% of GDP
• The suspension of budget support from donors amounting to 6.6% of GDP, during the 2014/15 fiscal year
also added exacerbated the problem resulting in high domestic borrowing estimated at 5% of GDP.
• The early cessation of rains further threatens recovery and adds to fiscal burden.
Integrated approach to disaster recovery
Malawi Floods Emergency Recovery Project
Component 1:
Livelihoods Restoration
and Food Security
Component 2:
Infrastructure Rehabilitation
and Reconstruction
Component 3:
Promoting Disaster Resilience
Labor
Intensive
Community
Infrastructure
Repair
Restocking
of the
Strategic
Grain
Reserves
Repair and
Reconstruction
of Roads and
Bridges
Irrigation and
Rural Water
Supply and
Sanitation
Rehabilitation
of Education
and Health
Facilities
Institutional Strengthening of
DoDMA
Multi-sector design of resilient
infrastructure
Timeline of recovery and next steps
1. Completed PDNA with support from partners in 3 weeks (GFDRR, EU, UNDP, World Bank)
1. Simultaneous preparation of Bank project informed by the PDNA, pending Bank Board approval
2. Identifying and addressing funding gaps (Bank financing 16% of reconstruction needs)
The Government of Malawi, in collaboration with the WBG, will convene a donor’s meeting
to seek additional funding based on PDNA results
3. Developing a Recovery Framework for an integrated and programmatic approach for recovery
planning and implementation – with support from GFDRR and above partners
The Government of Malawi will pilot the first implementation of the Recovery Framework
4. Strengthening long-term recovery systems
Supporting Early Recovery in Malawi
Angelika Planitz
Disaster & Climate Risk Governance Advsior
Bureau for Policy and Programme Support
UNDP
16th Meeting of the Consultative Group
Washington, D.C.
May 5, 2015
The Malawi Early Recovery Program
Major flooding in 15 of the 28 districts left 106 dead, 230,000
displaced and 64,000 hectares of land flooded. Extensive damage to
crops, livestock and infrastructure was also reported.
An early and long term recovery strategy in Malawi comprises:
Restoring livelihoods through employment incentives
Repairing local infrastructure to disaster and climate resilient
standards
Strengthening institutional capacities to manage post disaster
recovery programmes
Contributing to future disaster risk reduction, including capacity
building and updating of district level contingency plans.
The Malawi Early Recovery Program
For Additional Information
Piloting the Recovery Framework and
Strengthening Recovery Systems in Malawi
Ayaz Parvez
Senior DRM Specialist, World Bank
16th Meeting of the Consultative Group
Washington, D.C.
May 5, 2015
PDNA Good Practices in Malawi
Date: January 28, 2015
Lead: The Government of Malawi
Technical Assistance: World Bank and UNDP
Financial Support: ACP-EU (GFDRR)
Completed in three weeks and considered good
practice:
1) strong leadership by the Government of Malawi
2) active participation of all line departments
3) excellent EU, UN, World Bank and GFDRR
collaboration
It created a roadmap that prioritized early, medium and
long-term needs for 12 sectors
- 50.0 100.0 150.0
Agriculture
Commerce & Trade
DRM
Education
Energy
Environment
Health
Housing
Nutrition
Social Protection…
Transport
Water and Sanitation
USD Millions
Damages and Losses in 12 Sectors
PDNA & Recovery Framework Guide Leveraged a Programmatic Approach to Recovery
• Labor-intensive livelihoods support program
• Enhancing food security through restocking grain reserves
Immediate Recovery
• Reconstruction of critical infrastructure across multiple sectors
• Improved disaster resilient standards
Medium-Term Building Back
Better & Smarter• Strengthening
recovery systems
• Institutional capacity building
• Disaster resilient design standards
Longer-term DRR and Resilience
Building
Informed by the Disaster Recovery
Framework Guide
The project is a mini-program for cross-sector recovery
Upcoming Piloting of Recovery Framework in Malawi
Assist the Government of Malawi and the Department of
Disaster Management Affairs (DoDMA), together with EU and
UN partners, to develop a detailed recovery framework
Activities:• Define and align national and sector-level recovery visions, guiding principles, and
priorities to long-term development objectives
• Sequenced and prioritized cross-sectoral framework of recovery interventions
Next Steps:• Define guiding vision, criteria, and objectives (national and sectoral)
• Develop an institutional and financing framework for recovery
• Define programmatic framework and sector-level recovery prioritization
• Define cross-sectoral and geo-spatial recovery strategies and prioritization
GFDRR Program on Strengthening Recovery Systems
Ex-ante strengthening of government capacity to achieve resilient recovery through:
Strengthening Recovery Systems: Malawi
Strengthening DoDMA’s institutional capacities and recovery readiness by:
Improving data preparedness and capacity development for PDNA:
• Review and improve national damage assessment guidelines
• Formalize institutional roles and responsibilities
• Strengthen the role of the Malawi Spatial Data Portal (MASDAP)
Strengthening recovery planning and implementation:
• National and local institutional frameworks for disaster recovery
• Institutional coordination and oversight mechanisms
• Financial management systems
Thank you
Ayaz Parvez
Senior DRM Specialist, World Bank
16th Meeting of the Consultative Group
Washington, D.C.
May 5, 2015
