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THE CONSTITUTION“The Constitution of the United States was created by the people of the United States composing the respective states,
who alone had the right.”- James Madison
PREAMBLE
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
POWERS
Delegated Powers are powers specifically given to a branch of the government
Reserved Powers are powers not specifically written down and therefore reserved for the States.
Implied powers are powers not specifically mentioned but implied. This is known as the Elastic Clause.
THE ARTICLES
Article I - The Legislature Branch
Article II - The Executive Branch
Article III - The Judiciary Branch
CONGRESS
CONGRESS
The SenateUpper House
2 Senators per State
The HouseLower House
Representation by Population
Minimum 1 per State
CAPITOL HILLWhere they make laws
REPRESENTATIVE QUALIFICATIONS
25 years oldCitizen for 7 years
Inhabitant of the State(Unwritten rule - live in district)
House of Representatives
Term is 2 years435 Representatives
(Minimum of 1 per state)Census every 10 years
Reapportions the Districts53 from California
The Democrats
The now-famous Democratic donkey was first associated with Democrat Andrew Jackson's 1828 presidential campaign. His opponents called him a jackass (a donkey), and Jackson decided to use the image of the strong-willed animal on his campaign posters. Later, cartoonist Thomas Nast used the Democratic donkey in newspaper cartoons and made the symbol famous.
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The Republicans
Nast invented another famous symbol, the Republican elephant. In a cartoon that appeared in Harper's Weekly in 1874, Nast drew a donkey clothed in lion's skin, scaring away all the animals at the zoo. One of those animals, the elephant, was labeled The Republican Vote. That's all it took for the elephant to become associated with the Republican Party.
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House Leadership
Speaker of the House- Leader of House
- Chosen by political party in control
- Presently: Republicans
- John Boehner, Ohio
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SENATE QUALIFICATIONS
30 years oldCitizen for 9 years
Inhabitant of the State
SENATE
Upper HouseTerm is 6 years
1/3 up for election every 2 yearsContinuous Body
SENATE LEADERSHIP
President of the Senate Vice President
Joe Biden
2nd in ChargePresident Pro Tempore
Patrick Leahy - Vermont (D)Traditionally the longest serving in
the majority party
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SENATE LEADERSHIP
Majority LeaderHarry Reid, NEV.
Majority WhipRichard Durban, Ill.
Minority LeaderMitch McConnell, Kent.
Minority WhipJohn Comyn, TEXas
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CALIFORNIA SENATORS
Barbara Boxer Dianne Feinstein
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CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES
Congressmen and women serve on committees to make decision on bills and to investigate
matters
THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
PresidentVice PresidentThe Cabinet
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THE PRESIDENCY
THE WHITE HOUSEThe West Wing
QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE PRESIDENCY
Natural born citizen35 years old
14 year resident of the US
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Marine 1 Air force 1
Presidential Term of Office
Term is 4 yearsLimit is 2 termsIf President dies or steps down, VP
takes over. Only counts as a term if it is more than 2 years.
Potential for 10 years in OfficeFranklin D. Roosevelt elected 4 timesAmendment XXII set term limit
Electoral College
- elects the President- Professional electors
-Equal to number of Senators and Reps
Presidential Line of Succession
Vice President Speaker of the House President Pro Tempore Secretary of State
THE CABINET
Sect. of State Sect. of the
Treasury Sect. of Defense Attorney General
Former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta
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STATE OF THE UNION
“He shall from time to time give to Congress information of the State of the Union and recommend to their Consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient." (Article II, Section 3)
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COMMANDER IN CHIEF
CAMP DAVID
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THE JUDICIAL BRANCH
THE SUPREME COURT
SUPREME COURT JUSTICES
There are 9 Justices
The term is for life
Led by the Chief Justice
Judicial Review - decide if a law or action is constitutional
The Roberts Court, 2011 Back row (left to right): Sonia Sotomayor, Stephen G. Breyer, Samuel A. Alito, and Elena Kagan. Front row (left to right): Clarence Thomas, Antonin Scalia, Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Anthony Kennedy, and Ruth Bader Ginsburg
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CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
There are 27 Amendments1-10: The Bill of Rights
13, 14, 15th - Civil War Amendments18th - Prohibition - 21st repeals it
19th - Women’s Suffrage24th - Civil Rights Amendment