The CMS Tracker Upgrade for HL-LHC SUDHA AHUJA (ON BEHALF OF THE CMS COLLABORATION)

SPRACE-UNESP, BRAZ IL

Overview

 HL-LHC&CMS

 TrackerforHL-LHCq  Innertracker

◦  Specifica8ons◦  Modules

q  OuterTracker◦  pTmodules◦  L1TrackFinding

 Performanceresults

 Summary

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 2

Highpileupeventwith78reconstructedver5ces(pp)

High Luminosity-LHC & CMS

ForHL-LHC,CMSrequiresupgradeofitsECAL,HCAL(frontendelectronics),Muonchambers,L1triggerrate&latency,newSiliconbasedHighGranularityCalorimeter&aCompleteReplacementoftheTracker

 CurrentCMStrackerq  Needsimprovedradia8onhardness(upto3000Z-1)q  Higherdetectorgranularity(reduceoccupancy)q  Improvedtriggercapability:u8lizehighpTtracksfromtrackerforL1trigger(acceptablerates)q  Increaseinbandwidthq  Op8mizedesignforcoveringphysicsgoals-extendetacoverage(forwardregion),reducematerialbudget(be^erresolu8on)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 3

RunI7-8TeV

7x1033cm-2s-121pileup301-1

RunII13TeV

1x1034cm-2s-127pileup~1501-1

HL-LHC14TeV

5-7.5x1034cm-2s-1140–200pileup

30001-1

RunIII14TeV

2x1034cm-2s-150pileup3001-1

Construc5onandcommissioningofthePhaseIupgradeoftheCMSpixeldetector–R.BartekPerformanceandtrack-basedalignmentoftheupgradedCMSpixeldetector–V.BoPa

2010-20132016-20182021-20232024&beyond.....

MoredetailsaboutthecurrentTracker:

Phase II Tracker for CMS

ExtendedEtacoverageintheforwardregion(upto4.0)

 InnerTrackerq  4.9m2,2x109pixels,twotypesofhybridpixelmodules:1x2chips(1960)and2x2chips(2392)q  Shorterbarreldetector(reducesmaterialbudget)

 OuterTrackerq  ThreelayersofPSmodules:provideaccuratezcoordinate(TBPS),par8ally8lted(innerbarrel)tomi8gatestubinefficiencyq  13296modules(7680(2S)&5616(PS)),192m2,42Mstrips,170Mmacro-pixels(25m2)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 4

2S(OT)

PS(OT)

IT

TB2S

TBPSTEDD

BPIX FPIX

Material budget

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 5

 Significantreduc8oninmaterialaroundeta~1.5

η0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

0x/

X

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6 In front of IT sensors

Inside IT tracking volume

Between IT and OT

Inside OT tracking volume

Phase-2 Tracker

η0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

0x/

X

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6 In front of IT sensors

Inside IT tracking volume

Between IT and OT

Inside OT tracking volume

Phase-1 Tracker

Phase II Tracker (Inner Tracker)

ExtendedEtacoverageintheforwardregion(upto4.0)

 InnerTrackerq  4.9m2,2x109pixels,twotypesofhybridpixelmodules:1x2chips(1960)and2x2chips(2392)q  Shorterbarreldetector(reducesmaterialbudget)

 OuterTrackerq  ThreelayersofPSmodules:provideaccuratezcoordinate(TBPS),par8ally8lted(innerbarrel)tomi8gatestubinefficiencyq  13296modules(7680(2S)&5616(PS)),192m2,42Mstrips,170Mmacro-pixels(25m2)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 6

2S(OT)

PS(OT)

IT

TB2S

TBPSTEDD

BPIX FPIX

Inner Tracker

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 7

Factorof6reduc8oninpixelareaq  Lowoccupancy,improvedtracksepara8on

 TEPXprovidesluminositymeasurement

 Extractable(poten8altoexchangedegradedparts,ifrequired)

 Narrowpitch&highgranularityq  50x50or25x100μm2cellsize

 Dealswithhighradia8onlevels&hitrates Twotypesofmodules(similartoPhaseI)

q  Herme8carrangementinendcaps

 Sensortechnologies(n-in-p)q  PlanarSiliconpixelsensorsfortheouterlayers(thickness:

100-150μm)q  3Dsiliconsensorsforinnerlayers(alterna8veop8on),for

TBPXandring1inTFPX

1X2(PROC)PixelRead-outChips

(Innerlayers)

2X2PROC(Outerlayers)

Phase II Tracker (Outer Tracker)

ExtendedEtacoverageintheforwardregion(upto4.0)

 InnerTrackerq  4.9m2,2x109pixels,twotypesofhybridpixelmodules:1x2chips(1960)and2x2chips(2392)q  Shorterbarreldetector(reducesmaterialbudget)

 OuterTrackerq  ThreelayersofPSmodules:provideaccuratezcoordinate(TBPS),par8ally8lted(innerbarrel)tomi8gatestubinefficiencyq  13296modules(7680(2S)&5616(PS)),192m2,42Mstrips,170Mmacro-pixels(25m2)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 8

2S(OT)

PS(OT)

IT

TB2S

TBPSTEDD

BPIX FPIX

pT module concept  Hitpairs(“Stubs“)senttoback-endformL1tracksq  Combinedwithcalorimeter&muoninforma8onq  Eventreadoutat~750KHz(alerL1decision

making)q  L1Tracksreconstructedfrom10Kstubswithin4μs

latencybudget

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 9

 OuterTrackerdesigndrivenbyimplementa8onoftrackfindingatL1

 EnablespT-discrimina8onfortracksinthestrongCMSmagne8cfieldq  Correla8nghitpa^ernsin2closelyspacedsensorstofilterhighpTtracks(≥2GeV/c)

q  Datareduc8onbyafactorof10-100q  Transmi^edat40MHzBXfrequencytoL1

(GeV)T

Particle p0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Stub

effic

iency

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

TBPS layer 1TBPS layer 2TBPS layer 3TB2S layer 1TB2S layer 2TB2S layer 3

CMS Phase-2 Simulation √s=14TeV, Muons, 0 PU

Modules for Outer Tracker

Sensors:n-in-pplanartechnology

Radia8onhardsensormaterials;thinnersensors(200μm)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 10

PSmoduleSensorsize:5cmx10cm

2x960strips;32x960macro-stripsStrip(Topsensor):2rows2.3cmlongMacro-pixels(Bo^omsensor):1467μm

long(goodzresolu8on)Pitchof100μm(both)

Read-out:SSA+MPAchip

2SmoduleSensorsize:10cmx10cm

2x1016strips(both)Stripdimension:5cmlong(2rows

persensor)Pitchof90μm

Read-out:2xCBCchip

Highestoccupancy~3%inLayer1StripsDropateta~1.5(5ltedgeometry)

Outer Tracker: Front End Electronics

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 11

 Useofacommondatatransfersystem,basedonLpGBT

 Technologies,architectures,anddataformatskeptsimilarforbothsystems(PS&2S)

 Dedicatedread-outASIC’sforbothq  CBC(2S)&SSA+MPA(PS)

 Commonaggregatorchip(ConcentratorIntegratedCircuit,CIC)q  Blocksynchronous(8BX)transmissionofstubdataq  Sparsifiedtransmissionofreadoutdata@750kHz

Front-end Back-end

abcdefghi

L1 Track Trigger  Threeapproachesunderinves8ga8ondifferinginPa^ernRecogni8on(PR)techniques(usingpowerfulFPGAbasedsystems)q  Associa8veMemoryASIC’s+FPGA,FPGAbasedHoughtransform&FPGAbasedTracklet

 Hardwaredemonstratorssetupforeachshowq  L1trackfindingfeasiblewithneededperformance&withinlatencybudgetq  Highefficiency,remarkablepT&Z0resolu8on,lowsensi8vitytopile-up

 Furtherstudiesongoing(forallapproaches)basedonaFPGA-basedreferencedesignq  Tofurtherassessul8mateperformancepoten8alandlimita8on

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 12

AM+FPGAo  PRwithcustomdesignedAMchipso  Usecoarsestubinforma8onto

performfastPR&stubselec8ono  CustomPulsar2bboardswithPR

mezzanineshos8ngAMchips&FPGA

HoughTransform(HT)o  Trackcandidatesbuiltbasedon

(r,ø)HTo  Stub-datapre-duplicatedatsingle

node,minimizingnumberofregionalboundaries

o  µTCAbasedMP7boards

Trackleto  Roadbasedtracksearchseededby

tracklets(stubpairs)o  Mul8pleseedingensuringgood

coverageo  µTCAbasedCTP7boards

Performance

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 13

Level-1 Tracking Performance

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 14

Usingflatbarrelgeometry

Offline Tracking Performance

 Trackertraversedby6000tracksonaverageeachBX(for200PU)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 15

HighPuritytracksconsidered.Within3.5cmradiallyfromthecenterofluminousregion.

ηSimulated track 4− 3− 2− 1− 0 1 2 3 4

Trac

king

effi

cien

cy

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

<PU> = 140<PU> = 200

CMS Phase-2 Simulation

eventstTracks from t < 3.5 cm0 > 0.9 GeV, d

Tp

14 TeV

ηSimulated track 4− 3− 2− 1− 0 1 2 3 4

) T /

pT

pδ(σ

2−10

1−10

1

Phase-1 detectorPhase-2 detector

CMS Phase-2 Simulation

Simulated muons = 10 GeV

Tp

Physics Performance  Largeintegratedluminosity(3000Z-1)atHL-LHCenablesexplora8onofmul8-TeVscale

q  Searcheswithhighmassesorinves8ga8onwithlowcrosssec8onprocesses.

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 16

 Excellenttrackingperformanceshownearlierq  Majortoolstoachieveglobaleventdescrip8on

thatcanstandhighpileup.◦  Excellentperformanceofpileupmi8ga8onalgorithms.◦  Highb/c-taggingefficienciesathighpileup.◦  B-taggingcapabilityinhighetaregion.◦  Tauiden8fica8onconsistentasafunc8onofpileup.◦  Jetsubstructuretechniquesefficientupto2TeV.

(GeV)T

jet p30 100 200 1000

jet id

. effic

iency

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

114 TeV

CMS Phase-2 Simulation| < 1.5η|

no PUPU=140PU=200

b jet:

c jet:

(GeV)T

jet p30 100 200

jet id

. effic

iency

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

114 TeV

CMS Phase-2 Simulation| < 2.5η1.5 < |

no PUPU=140PU=200

b jet:

c jet:

(GeV)T

jet p30 40 100 200 300

jet id

. effic

iency

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

114 TeV

CMS Phase-2 Simulation| < 3.5η2.5 < |no PU

PU=140PU=200

b jet:

c jet:

|ηVBF jet generator |0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Jet P

V as

soci

atio

n ef

ficie

ncy

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4Phase-1, (13 TeV), 25 PUPhase-2, 0 PUPhase-2, 140 PUPhase-2, 200 PU

| distribution (a.u.)ηVBF jet |

CMS Phase-2Simulation

ττ→VBF H =14 TeVs

Summary

 CMSupgradesforHL-LHCisachallengingtask

 HL-LHCrequirescompletereplacementofthecurrentTrackerq  Radia8ondamage,enormouslyhighpileup,trackingatL1,increaseddetectoracceptance,reduc8oninmaterialbudget

 R&DperformedforthePhaseIITrackerTechnicalDesignReport(TDR)presentedq  Geometry,layout,moduledesign,sensors,performance,etc.q  PhaseIITrackerUpgradeisalotmoregroundtocover(manyyearsofR&Dands8llongoing)q  Completedescrip8onoftheCMSPhaseIITrackerintheTDR(*)q  Majorworks8llaheadofus…

 Reference:ThePhase-2UpgradeoftheCMSTracker,CERN-LHCC-2017-009(*)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 17

Back-Up

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 18

Current CMS Tracker ConfiguraSon

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 19

Sensor:p-in-nDesignoccupancy:1-2%Outercell:~20cmx100-200μmInnercell:~10cmx80μmPixelcell:100μm2x150μm2

PresentStripTrackerdesignedtooperate8ll500Z-1

OriginalPixels(innertracker)alreadyreplacedby“PhaseI”PixeldetectorduringtheEYETS2016/17q  Addi8onaltrackinglayer,op8mizedmaterialbudget,improvedROC,increasedbandwidth

 Degrada8onofthecurrenttrackerbeyond1000Z-1

q  Deteriora8onoftracking,physicsperformanceaffected(duetolimitedbandwidth&triggerlatency)

 CompletereplacementofthecurrenttrackerrequiredforHL-LHC

4.0

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6

1.82.02.22.42.62.83.0

z [mm]0 500 1000 1500 2000 25000

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

r [m

m]

TOB(OuterBarrel) TEC(EndCap)

ThickDetectors(500μm)

ThinDetectors(300μm) Blue:DoubleSidedRed:SingleSided

TIB

Pixels

RadiaSon Damage

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 20

RadiaSon Damage

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 21

Flat VS Tilted

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 22

Inner Tracker: mechanics

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 23

Outer Tracker: barrel mechanics

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 24

Outer Tracker: endcaps mechanics

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 25

Outer Tracker

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 26

2S & PS sensors

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 27

Digi properSes (OT)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 28

Cluster properSes (OT)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 29

Stub rates (OT)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 30

Tracking performance (vs pT)

8July2017 SÃOPAULORESEARCHANDANALYSISCENTER 31