The Church - Clover Sitesstorage.cloversites.com/whitestonecommunitychurch/documents/Churc… · The Church: Early (33ad - 400s) Middle Ages (500s ... The Church: Early (33 - 400s)

The Church:

Early (33ad - 400s)

Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)

Reformation (1500s - 1600s)

Modern (1700s - Today)

The Church:

Early (33ad - 400s)




Middle Ages (500s-1400s)

529ad – Synod of Orange

Accepted –

‘Augustinian’ doctrine of

sin and grace

Rejected –

‘Augustinian’ doctrine of

absolute predestination


563ad – Columba’s Mission

563 –

Irish missionary who spread Christianity in Scotland

565 –

Supposed sighting of Loch Ness Monster


590ad – Gregory ‘the Great’

Pope –

He was well known for his writings and popular for feeding and

protecting the people

Invented –

Idea of purgatory and the

Gregorian Chant


610ad – Muhammad

610ad

Muhammad claims to begin receiving messages in a cave from angel Gabriel

622ad

Threatened, Flees to Medina, Islam begins

630ad

Conquers Mecca, making it center for Islam


680ad – Boniface

Missionary

Born in 680, he became a monk,

then a great missionary to Germans at

about age 40, ‘Apostle of Germans’

Tree

Cut down the pagan's sacred tree and built a church out of the wood.

Years later martyred by

pagans.


726ad – Iconoclastic Controversy

Against

Byzantine Emperor Leo III

led effort to eliminate icons,

claiming them as idolatry and an offense to Jews

and Muslims

For

John of Damascus

insisted icons are for veneration,

not worship

Supported in 731 by Pope, then 787

by Council of Nicaea II


732ad – Battle of Tours

Threat

Massive forces of Muslim army took over North

Africa, threatening

Europe as well

Battle

Martel’s Knights defeated

Muslims, saving Europe and possibly the

English language


793ad – Vikings Raid

Raid

Danish Vikings attack the small

island of Lindisfarne, robbing the church of its

treasures, killing the monks

Later

Over the next century, more

wealthy religious houses in

England were attacked, then

lands taken


800ad – Charlemagne

Crowned

Pope Leo III crowned the

proven ally King Charles (of Franks) the

emperor of Holy Roman Empire

Empire

Though not official until 962ad, the

Holy Roman Empire (til 1806ad)

was different in time and location than the Roman

Empire


878ad – Alfred ‘the Great’

Vikings

Defeated the Vikings, saving England from

being completely overrun by

pagans, developed the first Navy

Order

Based new laws on 10 Commandments and Bible, restored literacy, donated

wealth to churches, translated Christian works into English


988ad – Russia’s Conversion

860

Brothers Cyril and Methodius brought gospel

to the Slavic people, an

alphabet, and translated the Scriptures in

their language

988

Russian ruler Vladimir

converted to Christianity,

ordered mass baptism, built

churches, destroyed idols,

helped poor


1054ad –The Great Schism (I)

West

Pope is highest Authority

-----------

‘Filioque’ -----------

Used Latin -----------

No Marriage -----------

Unleavened Bread

East

Christ is highest Authority

-----------

No ‘Filioque’ -----------

Used Greek -----------

Marriage -----------

Leavened Bread

1378 - Great Schism (II): 2, then 3 rival popes rule over 40 yrs.


1095ad – Crusades Begin

Children

Led by 12-yr old boy,

‘pure in heart’ 30k followed,

returned, died, and sold into

slavery

Crusades

1st - 1095 -----------

2nd - 1147 -----------

3rd - 1189 -----------

4th - 1202


1182ad – Francis of Assisi

Poverty

(1182-1226) From Italy, Sold

everything, lived in poverty, moved

around as evangelist, had large following, impressed but didn’t convert Muslim Sultan

Influence

Founded the order of Franciscans, followers called

Friars (poor evangelistic monks), started revival of a

Christian life of simplicity in Europe, ‘received stigmata’


1215ad – 4th Lateran Council

‘Catholic’

470+ Leaders

Accepted: 7 Sacraments

Transub-stantiation

‘Kill heretics’ Tithes before Taxes

Mark Jews, Muslims

Waldensian

Peter Waldo

Rejected 7 Sacraments,

Pomp of Church, ‘Purgatory’, etc Persecuted for

many years


1272ad – Thomas Aquinas

Intellect

Greatest Theologian of Middle Ages,

Used Reason and Logic to prove

existence of God

Connected Faith and Reason

His Work

Summa Theologica: comprehensive view of Christian theology in

Latin

Summa Contra Gentiles: defense of Christianity

against Islam


1381ad –Wycliffe Banished

Teaching

Wycliffe preached against church

greed, purgatory, indulgences and

transubstantiation

Translation

1381 – banished from Oxford, he

translates Bible into English from Latin

Vulgate, died in 1384

30 years later: writings destroyed, bones burned and thrown in river to ‘erase memory’ of him


1415ad –Hus Burned at Stake

Teaching

Christ alone is head of the church,

---------- God alone can

forgive sin, ----------

Pope can’t establish doctrine apart from

the Bible

Death

1415 – Condemned for following the

teachings of Wycliffe, he was

burned at the stake

"I would not, for a chapel full of gold,

recede from the truth."

Last Words: “in 100 years, God will raise up a man whose calls for reform cannot be suppressed.”


1456ad – Gutenberg’s Bible

Invention Invented the

printing press about 1440

----------- Taken advantage

of by shrewd businessmen,

died a poor man

‘Bible’ Printed the first Bible in Latin in

1456 -----------

Made Reformation possible with widespread

distribution of Bibles and Luther’s

literature


1478ad – Spanish Inquisition

Cause Suspecting

insincere converts from Judaism (and later heresy from

Protestants), many were questioned,

tortured and killed.

Result The Inquisition lasted until the

1800s, costing the lives of over

30,000, -----------

Possibly 300,000 endured some form of torture


1492ad – Columbus Sails

Impact Columbus

landed in the Americas,

leading the way of bringing

Christianity to our continent

Sailing Columbus

sailed in order to bear the message of

Christ (‘Christopher’)

to far off lands.

The Church:

Early (33 - 400s)




The Church:

Early (33 - 400s)




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The Church - Clover Sitesstorage.cloversites.com/whitestonecommunitychurch/documents/Churc… · The Church: Early (33ad - 400s) Middle Ages (500s ... The Church: Early (33 - 400s)