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The changing face of international
news Thomas Abraham
5 September 2011
Why bother about international news?
People have always needed to know what happens beyond their immediate environment
We live in a unique time in history
1. The world has never been as closely connected as it is today
Copyright Brendan Bannon
Whether it is terrorism, war, disease, climate change, events in any part of the world have an impact on us
We live in a unique time in history
2. For the first time in several hundred years, the global political and economic system is dominated by a single nation.
Indicators of US power
Defence-The US Defence budget for Fiscal Year
2010 is US$ 682 billion (including US$ 130 billion that is specifically war related)
-Does not include all security spending.
Rank CountryMilitary expenditure, 2009[2] % of GDP, 2008
1 United States 663,255,000,000 4.3%
2 China 98,800,000,000 2.0%
3 United Kingdom 69,271,000,000 2.5%
4 France 67,316,000,000 2.3%
5 Russian Federation 61,000,000,000 3.5%
6 Germany 48,022,000,000 1.3%
7 Japan 46,859,000,000 0.9%
8 Saudi Arabia 39,257,000,000 8.2%
9 Italy 37,427,000,000 1.7%
10 India 36,600,000,000 2.6%
Source: SIPRI Military Expenditures Data Base
Economic Power
The US economy (GDP US$ 14.5 trillion) is more than two and a half times the size of the world’s second largest economy China (US $ 5.8 trillion)
Rank Country GDP (millions of US$)
— World 63,048,823
1 United States 14,582,400
— Eurozone 12,174,523
2 People's Republic of China
5,878,629
3 Japan 5,497,813
4 Germany 3,309,669
GDP figures 2010 (World Bank)
Table: Wikipedia
Luxembourg 83,978
- Macao 58,262
2 United Arab Emirates
57,821
3 Norway 55,672
4 Singapore 50,701
5 Brunei Darussalam
48,995
6 United States 46,436
7 Kuwait 46,079
8 Switzerland 44,717
- Hong Kong 43,862
Per capita GDP 2009 ( World Bank Estimates)
Table: Wikipedia
Technological power
Technological power
We lived in an American century
But will it last for ever? We live in a time of transition
A walk through history
Pre-World War 1: The Age of Empires Dominated by Britain, France, Russia
and the Austro-Hungarian empire, who maintained peace through a balance of power. Divided up most of Asia and Africa among themselves.
Why did it break down?
A world system is stable as long as all the major powers are satisfied with it. If there is a rising power that is not satisfied, system will become unstable.
The pre WW1 balance was upset by the growth of Germany as a new power after its reunification by Bismarck in 1871.The system could not accommodate the ambitions of a rising Germany.
What could change the current world order?
Other rising nations and groups of nations:
-China-Japan-India-The European Union
The European Union
A grouping of 27 countries with a common internal market, common currency and closely coordinated economic policies-
Taken together, the largest economy in the world
In terms of population, fourth largest entity.
Map: Wikipedia
The European Union The EU aims to have a common foreign
and security policy, but as events in Libya have shown, the EU is unable to take decisive military action.
Big question for the EU’s future role in global politics: can it develop a common foreign policy, and take independent military action ?
Japan
Despite the problems of the last decade, still the world’s third largest economy
Once its economic restructuring is complete, there is no reason why Japan can not enjoy another long spurt of growth as it did from the 1960s to 1990.
Japan’s constitution limits the size of its armed forces: but there is a debate on whether this should be revised
Japan has the technology to very rapidly become a nuclear weapons power
China
China has overtaken Japan to become the world’s second largest economy
Already a nuclear weapons power Problems that need to be overcome: reform
of financial structure, unemployment, corruption
Per capita income still low Aging population due to one child policy Can growth and modernisation proceed
without political reform?
India
At present, 11 th largest economy in the world. If it continues to grow at the current 6-7 percent a year, by 2030 it would have overtaken Japan
Large population. Good technical manpower
Nuclear weaponry as well as large armed forces
Problems: poverty social inequalities, social tensions, governmental inefficiencies
The next few years
We have seen the balance of global economic power will shift towards Asia, powered by China, Japan and India.
As the European Union expands and consolidates, it might become a significant player
The rise of a multi-polar world? How will the US react to this?
The subjects of international news are changing
Traditionally, international news has occupied itself with war, disasters, crises, and diplomacy.
The new 21st agenda for international news, is much broader and more exciting
It will be driven not so much by the formal relations between nations, but the consequences of globalisation.
Environmental wear and tear:-climate change-global water shortages-food shortages -preserving and protecting natural
resources
Global inequality-global trade and inequality-consequences of growing inequalities
between nations and regions
Poisoned fruits of globalisation-drug smuggling-human trafficking-international arms trade
The website
http://jmsc.hku.hk/courses/inews/
Things to do before next class
Sign up for e mail alerts from Council on Foreign Relations , Reuters, BBC and Google for general news as well as areas you are writing on
Familiarize yourself with the news sources and news sites on the class web sites.
Listen/watch a world news newscast every day so you know what the top global stories are
Read the FT and the IHT every day Readings will be e mailed to you for next class.
Course work
Short stories for the web site Suggested areas for reporting: 1. Arab spring2. Afghanistan3. China and the world4. North Korea/Burma5. Food, water, resource shortages,
environment6. Poisoned fruits of globalisation: people
trafficking, arms smuggling, drugs, refugees
Each student will write 3 stories during the course
Each around 300-500 words long Each group will present their stories
twice during the term ( we will have presentations every class)
http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/nigeria-condemns-attacks-on-black-migrants-in-libya-papers