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The challenge of HIV/AIDS to health, security, and economic development in the ECE region. Henning Mikkelsen Europe Regional Coordinator Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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01 July 2002 slide number EECA-1
The challenge of HIV/AIDS to health, The challenge of HIV/AIDS to health, security, and economic development in the security, and economic development in the
ECE region ECE region
Henning Mikkelsen
Europe Regional Coordinator
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
01 July 2002 slide number EECA-2
The appalling statistics do not begin to describe the magnitude of the destruction wrought by AIDS. AIDS is more devastating than any terrorist attack, any conflict or any weapon of mass destruction. It kills indiscriminately, and without mercy.
As cruel as any tyrant, the virus can crush the human spirit. It is an insidious and relentless foe. AIDS shatters families, tears the fabric of societies, and undermines governments. AIDS can destroy countries and destabilize entire regions.
Colin Powell, UN General Assembly, September 2003
00002-E-3 – 1 December 2002
Adults and children estimated to be living Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2002with HIV/AIDS as of end 2002
Total: 42 million
Western Europe
570 000570 000North Africa & Middle East
550 000550 000Sub-Saharan
Africa
29.4 29.4 millionmillion
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
1.2 million1.2 million
South & South-East Asia
6 million6 million
Australia & New Zealand
15 00015 000
North America
980 000980 000Caribbean
440 000440 000
Latin America
1.5 1.5 millionmillion
East Asia & Pacific
1.2 million1.2 million
27 January 2002 4
Adult prevalence rate 15.0% – 36.0% 5.0% – 15.0% 1.0% – 5.0% 0.5% – 1.0% 0.1% – 0.5% 0.0% – 0.1% not available
+ 1 300%
+ 60%
+ 160% + 100%
+ 30%
+ 40%
+ 20% + 20%
+ 20%
HIV: current prevalence and recent changes, 1996–2001
World Health Organization
HIV infections newly diagnosed:cases reported in 2002 per million population
WHO European Region
Data reported by 31 December 2002* Netherlands: new system, data for 1st 6 months of 2002 only; include many cases diagnosed in previous years
HIV cases per million
200 +
100 - 199
20 - 99
< 20
Not available
EuroHIV
Upd
ate
at
31 D
ecem
ber
20
02
11 13
91
2
6
9
5
49661
25
18
23
38
8
25
94
53
43
32
227108
74
2
31
49
74*
45
15
25615
351
37
211
33
1054
3
0
180
101
38
6NA
New reported cases of HIV infections by age group, Western Europe and Eastern Europe 2001
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
13-19 years 20-29 years 30-39 years
per
cen
tag
e
East
West
Unemployment among youth, 1998 (percent)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Czech RepublicSlovakia
PolandHungarySlovenia
CroatiaFYR Macedonia
FR YugoslaviaBulgariaRomania
EstoniaLatvia
LithuaniaRussia
GeorgiaAzerbaijan
KyrgyzstanTajikistan
Many occasional young injectors
Moscow 181Russia 136Siberia 166
HIV-infection prevalence (per 100,000 persons) in mining territories of Siberia (Russian Federation)
Altai krai96
Kemerovo oblast141
Tomsk oblast53
Khanty-Mansi AO447
Tyumen oblast157
Yamalo-Nenetsky AO118
Republic Buryatia153
Republic Tiva5
RepublicKhakassia
13
Krasnoyarsk krai127
Taimyr AO78
Evenki AO5
Chita oblast68
Irkutsk oblast465
The economic impact of HIV in Russia (World Bank 2001)
GDP in 2010 would be up to 4.15 percent lower , and in
2020 10.5%
Investment would decline by 5.5 percent in 2010 and
14.5 percent in 2020
HIV lowers productivity by 13 percent
Demographic and security impact
Life expectancy of men may drop 4 years by 2015
Russian Ministry of Defense: More than 5000 army
recruits found to be HIV infected in 2002
Male life expectancy at birth
50
55
60
65
70
75
1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001
Czech Republic
Russia
HIV is a pressing problem for Russia, which goes through a serious demographic crisis.(Igor S.Ivanov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation,UN General Assembly, September 2003)
Global Fund and World Bank in
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
GF : 12 countries approved (total US$ 227.2 million)
WB projects: 3 countries approved (around US$ 86 millions)
Figure 1. Required Funding by Activity
-
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Mill
ion
s o
f U
S D
olla
rs
Policy/admin
ARV
Laboratory
OI prophylaxis
OI treatment
HIV Testing
Palliative care
Other populations
MSMs
Harm reduction
Mass media
PMTCT
Blood safety
Workplace
VCT
STIs
Condoms
Social marketing
Sex workers
Youth