The Case Against Darwin

8/6/2019 The Case Against Darwin

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-case-against-darwin 1/84



N WN



Also by James Perlof

The Shadows of Power: he Council on Foreign Relations

and the Amrican Deine (1988)

Tornado in aJunkard The elenless Mh of arwinism (999)



CASE

DAWWHY THE EVDENCE

SHOULD BE INED

James Prlof

URGTO, MACUETT



F p D p

Copyright © 2002 by James Peroff A rights reserved.Printed and bound n the Unted States of America

Pubshed by Refuge Books, 25 Sou Bedford Street Burlngton MA 01803

Much of the materal n ths boo apeared n the Juy 201 edtion of Wllw magazine Subscritions to Wl are aalabe by calng (541) 597 -776 or

onlne at wwwwordnetdaiycom

Book design, typogaphy and electron aginaion by Arow Graphcs Inc., Cambrdge MA

Cover design by Cameron Bennet and te ngreson Sudo Maester NH

Lbrary of Congress Cataog Conro umber: 200202580

--P

Pero amesThe Case Aganst Darwi/ames erofflst ed

p c.

IBN 066816013

Evouto

eatoim I iteQ3662P7 05768-21 20



ContentsCHPER

Is Dawin's Theory Reevant t Our Lives?pg 7

CHPER

Evidence Againt the Tery f Evlutinpg 2

CHPER

Reevauating Sme Evidences Used t

uprt the Tery

pg

Cnclusinpg 9

Ntespg 77



C

Is Darwin' Thery

Relevant t fLive?

"What? he ase against Drwin'? Are you nuts?

veryone knows evolution s a proven fatust

like the laws of gravity Thats how some people

respond when you tell them that there is a strong

ase today against Darwins theory of evolution.n fat that response is ver understandable. It's

how I used to reat myself fter all, the theory has

been taught for so many yers in shools and ol

leges that many take its trut for granted

owever, in reent years roing sienti evi

dene has arisen hallengig the theory hat's

what this book will disussin easytounder

stad language.

7



THE A SE A GAS T DAR W

But before getting to that e should probably

rst address another atter Why should the aer age person are abou evolution in the rst plae?

Doesnt it ust involve a lot of siene and biology

stu?

One reason Darwiis is important to knowabout is its unique sal onsequenes Until the

nineteenth entury he view alost universally

aepted in the West as that God had reated the

world and an. oiety in turn as largely stru

tured on values laid ut in the Bibe.Darwin's theory sid soething draatially

dierent that man as not reated by God but

evolved o apelik anestors and that life itself

was not reated by Gd but happened beause the

right hemials a together by hane in the

anient oean. After publiation of he Ogn f

Spees in 1859, Darinian ideas began replaing

religi ideas until evolution itself beae the

prevailing view.ow it is ertainly rue that soe people tried to

ake their religious eliefs opatible with eo

lutionthey woud say something like "Well

aybe God reated lie through hane and evolu



S DAR W'S THE O R Y RE LEAT TO O R L ES ?

tion. However for many, Darwin's heory put

God out of he piurehe was irrelevant ordidnt exist. Julian Huxley one of evolution's fore

most spokesmen in the twentieth enury staed

that Darwinism removed he whole idea of God

as he Creator of organisms from the sphere of raional disussion."1 And has how many people

saw it. In fa evolution has produed a lot of

aheistsinluding some famous ones.

oviet diator Joseph taln murdered millions.

In 940 a book was pubishd n Mosow entitledLndmaks in he Life f Saln It sates

A a vry ary ag, wi si a pupi in

ccsiasica scoo, omrad San dvopd

a criica mind and rvoionary snimns bgan o rad Darwin and bcam an ais.

G. Gurdjidz, a boyood ind o Sains,

ras

bgan o spak of Go osp ard m

ou, and ar a momns snc, said:"'Y ou know y ar fooing us, r is no

God

"I was asonisd a s words I ad nvr

hard anying ik i bo



THE A SE A GAS T DA R W

Ho can you ay uch thing, 50o? I

exclaimed

Ill lend you a bok to read; it il ho you

that the orld ad all living thing are quite

dierent om ha you imagie, and al thi

talk about God i eer noene Joeph aid'''What book i tat? I equred.

'''Dari. You ut read it, Joeph im

preed on me."

Krl Mrx sd "rwn's book s very mor

tnt nd serves me s bss n nturl sene forthe lss struggle n hstory Mrx even sent r

wn proofsheets of as Kapita nd offered to

dedte t to hm but the nturlst polely

delned notng t ght embrrss some mem bers of hs fmly.

Now Mrxsts my obet to pkng on them so

lets swth to rhptlsm for moment.

Andrew Crnege te steel mgnte, ws one

sd to be Amer's hest mn. Though rsed Chrstn he beme n thest. There s story

tht Crnege returned to hs ntve otlnd nd

ws bostng to rowd of poor folks bout hs

gret welth "Nme one thng for me he sd



S DAR WS THE O R Y R E L E AT TO O R L E S?

"hat God ould have given me hat havent been

able o get for myself! An ld man near he bakof he rowd answered "Well Ill ell you one

thing he ould have given ou Mr. Carnegiea

sense of humlity.

How dd Carnegie beom an athest? He wrote

n his autobography

When along ith thre or four of my boon

companion, a in hi tage of doubt about

heology including he upernaural element

and indeed he hoe heme of alvaionhrough vicariou atonement and all the fabric

bui upon i, I came foruaely upon Darin

and Spencer ork . . . . remember tha igh

came a in a ood and all a clear. No only

had I got rid of heology ad the upernaturalbut I had found the ruh of evolution4

ne person almos universally denouned is

Adolf Hler While Mar aw the "sruggle for

esene as beween lasses Hiler saw it asbetween raes and sought o develop a "master

rae. But dd he inven the dea? The subile of

h Orgn f Spees was he Preservan f

Favured Raes n he Srugle fr Lfe Although



THE A SE GAS T DAR W

Darwin penned that i an anmal ontext, exend

ing it to human raes as a small leap of logi n

his demened way, Htler was llling this pre

dition Darwin made he esen of Man

At ome fture erod, not very dtant a

meaured by centure, the cvzed race wlalmot certanly extermnate, and replace, the

avage race throuhout the world. . . . The

break between man and h nearet ale wl

then be der, for t ll ntervene between

man n a more cvlzed tate, a we may hope,even than the Caucan, and ome ape a lo

a a baboon, nted of a now between the

negro or Autralan aborgne] and the gorla.

Raism was very prvalen among leading earlyevoluioniss many f whom believed he raes

had evolved separaey. Britain's Thomas Huxley

whose ere advoa of evoluon won him he

nikname "Darwin's ulldog wroe

It may be qute true that ome negroe are

better than ome hte men; but no ratonal

man, cognzant of he fact, beleve that the

average Negro the equal, tl le the upe

ror, of the whte mn. And f t h be true, t



S DAR WS THE O R R EL AT TO O R L ES

simply ncredbe that when all his disablites

are removed and our pronathous relative hasa fair eld and no favour, s well as no oppres

sor, he will be abe to cmpete successfully

with his bggerbraned and smallerjawed

rival, n a contest which is to be carried out by

thoughts and not by bites The highest placeswithin the hierarchy f civlzation will

assuredly not be withn t reach of our dusky Uns . .

arwin wrote in he een of Mn that "the weak members of ivilize soieties propagate

their kind. o one who has attended to the breed

ing of domesti animals wil doubt that this must

be highly injurous to the rae of man . . . . exept

ing in the ase of man himslf hardly anyone is soignorant as to allow his wost animals to breed.

Darwins son Leonard eame president of

Britains Eugenis duatio oietyeugenis of

ourse was the ampaign t transform humanitythrough seletive breeding. The German philoso

pher Friedrih ietzshe ho advaned the idea

of the superman and maser rae, alled Darwin

one of the three greatest me of his entury. Zool



THE A SE A GAS T DAR W

ogis Ers aeckel poaly Darwiisms greaes

popularier i Germay wroe i 1904

The menal life o avage rie lile above

ha of he higher ammal, epeially he

ape, wih whih hey are genealogially on

need Their inelligene move wihin henarrowe bound , and one an no more (or no

le) peak of heir eaon han of ha of he

more inelligen anial Thee lower rae

(uh a he Veddah or Auralian negroe) are

pyhologially neaer o he mammal (ape or dog) han o iviized European we mu,

herefore, aign a oally differen value o

heir live.8

Thus iler did o ive his deadly racismhese ideas were simmerig i Germay durig his

youh ad easiy race o Darwiia roos. s Ger

ma phiosopher Eich Fromm oserved "If

iler beieved i ayhig a al he i was i he

aws of evoluio whih jusied ad sacied hisacios ad especial his cruelies. Sir rhur

Keih preide of he Briish ssociaio for he

dvaceme of Sciee wroe i he 1940s "he

Germa Fuhrer as I have cosisey maiaied



S DAR WS THE O R Y R E L E AT TO O R L ES ?

is a voluiois; h has osciously sough o

ak h pacic of Gmay cofom o h hoy of vouio10

his is o o i any way mpy ha odays vo

luioiss a aciss; ad caily, is aoci

is woud hav vold Cals Dawi. Bu i s

o say Dawiism has had lva social impac. f

op a oy aias, h fo Sai ad i

i ad ss o rea hm lik aimas, hdig

h lik ca io oxca oud fo guags ad

cocaio camps.Now som may say ", wll, Sali, Max,

Cagi, ihos a jus a uch of old

dad guys. Whas ha go o do wih ayhig

oday? I is u ha w ha had ay Sais o

ils uig mica h .S. Cosiuiodcalizs pow, makig i vy difficu o

fom ha kid of dicaosip

Bu i is poaly asoal o a las say ha

hav xpicd a al delne i ica

ov h as fw dcads. No vyo would

ag wih ha. Som pop do hik moaiy

ca dd d caily w hav had c

mprveens i his coui, say, choogy



THE ASE GAS T DAR W

and som civil righs Bu i w look a saisics

such as drug us n suicid and divorc w

indicaions ha h A is dclining. ha hap

pnd a Columin igh School would hav n

unhinkal in h 190s whn noody dramd

ha wapons dcos would vr ndd aschool nrancs

So wha's causd Arica's moral dclin any

would say "ll w' los our rspc or radi

ional valus. OK wr did "radiional valus

com rom Thy ca mosly rom h Bil which or cnuris ws srn culur's cnral

giding documn

So w migh mor acuraly ask hy hav w

los rspc or h Bil I is proaly no an

xaggraion o say a aov anyhing ls, i

was h widsprad ching o Dawin's hory o

voluion as "ac. s uxly said voluion

rmovd God "om sphr o raional discus

sion Onc you mak God irrlvan h Bilcoms irrlvan ad h moral valus n h

Bil com irrlva

Our purpos in making his poin is no o

"push h Bil on pop u only o no ha



S DAR W'S THER Y R EL E AT TO O R L E S?

rligion radiionall playd a srong rol in mr

ican social li, and ha voluion ndd o nga

ha rol, wih powrl cs o is own.

usd o wond why mrica had such a ig

social ransormain ack in h sixis On ac

or Evoluion wa no havily undrscord inmrican pulic scools or hn. Bu in 199,

h 100h annivrsry o h pulicaion o he

Oigin oSpecies h Naional Scinc Foundaion,

a govrnmn agy, grand $7 million o h

Biological Scincs Currculum Sudy, wichgan producing gh school iology xooks

wih a srong voluonary slan n h manim,

h Suprm Cour ruld ha school prayr was

unconsiuional (a having n consiuionl

or mor han a cuy and a hal . From hn

on, sudns in pulic schools hard h vol

ionis viwpoinan is jus an animalalmos

xclusivly.

wasn' rasd rgiously mysl, u onc soldon h "ac o vuion, aih sood no chanc

wih mI cam a ardcor ahis. nd hr

was a rason wh my gnraion, h ay

oomrs, accpd voluion so asily. Tnagrs

7



THE ASE GAS T DAR W

usually arn' oo ho ou moraliy o gin wh.

Bu hr was ach saying h Bil was an old

myh. ll o us h man h n ommand

mns wr a myh. could mak up our own

ruls For rllious ns h mssag wasn

hard o akHarvard prossor O lson wris As wr

many prsons om laama I was a ornagan

Chrsian. hn I wa n I nrd h Soh

rn Bapis Church wh gra rvor and nrsin h ndamnalis rligion I l a svnn

whn I go o h Unirsy o Alaama and hard

aou voluonary hory.11 has a pry good

summary o wha hppnd o h ay oom

gnraion.

ll Duran auho o h Soy of iilizaion

was on o h prminn hisorians o our im

Shorly or his dah h said By orng vo

luion n plac o Go as a caus o hsory Dar win rmovd h hologcal asis o h moral

cod o Chrsndom And h moral cod ha has

no ar o God s vr shaky. ha's h condon

w ar in12



S DR WS THEO R Y R E L ET TO O R L ES ?

I know ha no vryon wl agr wh h

concuson u I hop w' mad a rasonacas ha achng Darwn' hory as a ac has

had som srous soca consquncs "Bu

sury somon may ask you don advoca

aackng h hory o vouon jus caus o

h?" Crany no. I Darns hory s ru wshould lav alon

owvr, good scnc s ow showng h h

ory wrong. Thas a srong samn. A Darwns

mgh say somhng k u your mony whr

your mouh s! Ls do



C

Evidence Against

the Theory ofvluin

Evience from Genetcs

Darwins thor sas sh olvd throgh man

ntrmdiat stps, into han bings. Th qs

ton ths arss How did s acqir th gns to

bcom hmans A cratr cannot b anthing

phsicall its gns wont allow. A zbra cannot

giv birth to a bab kangaoit onl has zbra

gns. A woman cant vn b born blond with

ot gns or blond hairothwis sh has tos Miss Clarol.

Gntics was not dvlopd as a scinc in Dar

wins da and h assmd aimals ssntiall had

an nlmitd capacty to aapt to nvronmnts.



HE SE GNS DR WN

H wro By hs pocss long connud .

sms o m almos cran ha an ordnary

hood quadrupd gh convrd no a

gra n ohr ords Darwn lvd you

could ak, say donys and you pu hm n

h rgh nvronm, hy could gvn noughm com gras. Ths smply s no u

Evn ar mllons o yars n h jungl donkys

would sll donkys caus hy only hav

donky gns.

To rsolv hs dlmma, modrn voluonss

assrd ha h s's gns mus hav mued

no human gns ovr onsmuaons o

cours ar arup alraons n gns Thy gn

rally occur vry rary Accordng o voluonary

hory, an organsm vlops som nw posv

characrsc hroug a muaon r adapng

o h nvronm. Th craur hn passs

hs muad ra on o h nx gnraon andvnually sprads hrough h whol spcs

Organsms whou ra ng wakr, d ou

("survval o h s ). Through hs procss,

sh gradually volv no mn.



E DENCE GNS T THE THE O R Y OF E OL TO N

owvr hs hypohss no long holds p

Dr. L Spnr who ag normaon horyor a dcad a ohns opkns Unvsy and h

zman Ins spn as sdyng ma

ons. H has wrn an moran nw ook No

by hnce Sheng he Mde Theoy of Eolu

o In h wrs "In all adng Iv don n

h lscncs laur I'v nv ound a

maon ha addd noraon . . . . All pon

maons ha hav n sdd on h molcula

lvl rn o o rdc h gnc nomaonand no ncras

aons delee nomaon om h gc

cod Thy nvr cra hghr mor complx

nomaon. ha ar h acally osrvd o

caus n hman ngs Dah Srly. Hmophla. Sckl cll anma. Cysc ross Down's

syndom. And ovr 400 ohr dsass Th

gnc cod s dsgnd o n an organsm pr

clymaons dl omaon rom hcod casng rh dcs.

To advanc h vw oluonss hav long

pond o maons wh ncal cs Th

mos common xampl gn maons som



THE ASE GA S T DAR W

times make bateria rsistant to antibiotis (germ

kiing drugs . And o the argument goes, "f

mutations an make ateria stronger the must

be abe to do the sae for other reatures. Dr

Spetner points out tht this is based on a misun

derstanding for the utations that ause antibi oti resistane stil inolve infin lss

For example, to dero a baterium the antibi

oti streptomin atthes to a part of the bater

ial e aed ribosoes Mutations sometimes

ause a strutural deormit in ribosomes Sinethe antibioti annot onnet with the misshapen

ribosome, the bateium is resistant. But een

though this mutation urns out to be beneial it

stil onstitutes a lss f gene information not a

gain o "evoution as taken pae the bateria

are not "stronger. I fat under norma ondi

tions with no antibii present the are weaker

than their nonmutate ousns

Lets take an anaog Suppose a ountr's dita tor ordered dissidents to be rounded up and hand

ued So the poie ere bus handung dissi

dents But one da the ran into a man born

deformedwith no ams One oud oneivabl

4



E DEE A GAS T THE THOR O F E OL TO

sa that, in this ase, the an had an advantage

over others, sine he oudn be handued But itertain woudnt represnt an evoutionar

advane. And neither does deformit that pre

vents bateria from beng "handued b an

antibioti

It is often possibe to ddue a benefit from

information oss uppose ou ripped the wind

shied wipers off our ar. n benet? Yes, our

windshied oud never e srathed b the

wipers But dont we a prefr wipers? Or suppose we just did awa with ars mpete That woud

be a huge oss of informatio and tehnoog but

there woud be benes ess poution, and no one

woud die in ar aidents

hat if a mutation auss a hid to be borndeaf? An benet? Yes the hid wi never hear

an urse words. But dont we a want hidren

who an hear? In the same a evoutionists, b

viewing a partiuar mutatin n a lmed onexma desribe the mu ta tio as "benefiia and

inorret sa it represents voutonar progress.

A good exampe is the disese sike e anemia,

whih some evoutionsts hve portraed as bene

5



THE ASE A GAS T DAR W

fiia beause is deomed ed bood es ae

immune to maaia u this is akin o saing it

woud be good to ut o ou oes to pevent ah

etes foo. Like he amess man the wipeess a

and he deaf hid hese "benefiia muaions

tun out to be infomaion ossesh is his a pobem fo evoution? Beause if

Dawins thesis is oet, and a ife began as a

singe e hen hne mutaions mus have

designed and engineeed nea eve bioogia

featue on ah o dophins emakabe sonassem (whih is the env of the us av o the

human hea. The ate is an ngenious sutue

Bood is pumped o the igh side of he hea to

he ungs whee i eeives oxgen bak o he

heats eft side whi popes i to the es of the

bod hough moe than 60000 mies of vesses.

The hea has fou ambes a sstem of vaves

pevents bakfow ito an of these; eeia

impuses fom a naua paemake onto heheats hhm

Rae mutations ause abies to be bon with

ongenia heat disodes making bood shu to

the wong paeThee is no known ase of mua



E DEE GS T THE THO R Y OF E OL TO

tios improving iruatio. Hemoglobinthe

bloods oxgenarring mponethas overfort mutat variants ot ne trasports oxgen

better than norma emogoi To aept evou

tio we must believe that uman blood irua

tiona wonder of engineergwas onstruted

b hane mutatios whe atua observation

demonstrates the damage it

rnst Chai who shared a obel Prize for his

work i deveoping peniin kew mu about

bateria and antibiotis Dr hai stated "To postulate that the developme and survival of the

ttest is enirely a osequne of hae muta

tios or even that nature aries out experiments

b tria ad error through utatios i order to

reate ivig sstems better tted to survive seemsto me a hpothesis based on o evidee and irre

onilable with the fats

Mutations are ofte inheitabe the do reate

hanges but te hanges are inevitabl downward,or at best neutra Mutatins have ever been

observed to originate a e hormoe organ or

other ntional struture The redue, but do

not generate bioogi teholog This is not to



THE ASE GAS T DAR W

sa it is impossile tht a random mutation oud

reate higher geneti informaionon that it is

not observed in siene. And arwin's eo ould

die on is alone Bu instead wel just al this

"strike one on Dawn

Evidence from Origins Scece

ven arger difutis arise with the evolutionar

idea of lifes beginnigs. Charles Darwin and his

ontemporaries thouht els were rather simple,

and that it woud thus be feasibe for hemials ina "primordial soup o ome together and form

one However, throgh advaes in bioog, we

now know that ev a "simpe el ontains

enough informatio to l a hundred miion

pages of the nyloedia Briannia17

Cells onsist essenial of proteins one ell has

thousands of proteis, and proteins are in turn

made of smaler buiding boks aled amino

aids. orma hins of hundreds of aminoaids ompose a prein, and these amino aids

must be in preise tiona sequene

Aording to the voutioar senario then,

how did the rst e happen? Supposedl amino



E DEE AGAS T THE T O R O F E OL TO

ais forme n the rimordal soup. Almost eve

hgh shool boog tex eounts Dr. StanleMlers amous experimen In 953, Mier hen

a Universit o Chiago grauae suden assem

ble an apparatus n wh he ombined water

wih hrogen meane an ammona (propose

gases o he ear arth . He ubjete he mixture

o eletr sparks. Ater a wek he dsovere tha

soe amino aids had fore in a rap in he

ssem ven thoug an annt oean would have

lake suh an apparatus voluonsts onje ure that n he priive rh, ghtning (orre

sponding o Mers eetrit ou have struk

a simar arra of emias and proue amno

ais Sne miions of ear were nvoved even

ual the ame b hae into the orreseuenes. The firt protes were forme an

hene the rst el.

But Sr Frans Crik, wh share a Nobel Prize

for odisovering As sruture, has pontedout how mpossible ha w be. He aulae

ha the probabit of getig jus one proein b

hane woud be one n en o he power o 260

hats a one wih 260 zeroes ater i. To pu his



THE CASE A GAS T DAR W

n perspetve mathmatans usual onser

anthng wth ods orse than one n 10 to the

power of 50 to be fo prata purposes mposs

ble Thus hane odnt produe even one ro

tenet alone the thusans most els requre

And els need mor than protensthe reqrethe genet ode. A bterums genet oe s far

more omplex han the ode for nows 98

Nobo thnks the prgram for ndows 98 oul

have arsen b hae (unless ther hard ve

blew reent But wat Cels nee more than the genet oe.

Lke an language t must be translate to be

unerstood. Ces ave deves whh atull

translate the oe o beeve n evoluton wemust beeve tha b ure hane the genet oe

was reate an als b pure hane translaton

deves arose whh took ths meanngess oe

an transforme t o somethng wth meang.

volutonsts annt argue that "natura seleton would have proved he ods. Natral

seleton operates lvng thngshere we are

dsussng dea hmals hat preceded lfes

begnnng.



DC GST TH THO R Y OF OL TO

ow ould nthing s mplex s ell rise

b hne? fmous evoutonr rgument dteso 860 he er fer puition of Te Origin

of peies t Oxford Univrsi, "rwins ul

dog Thoms uxe (wh we quoted erier

engged in retionevotion debe with he

oogin Smuel ilberfore. There is no rn

sript, bu repored ux in mking his se

for hne origins, sid ht six monkes poking

rndom pewriers, d given eough mi

lios o ers oud wrie l the books in heBriish Museum More t entur ter, s

pui shoo sudent herd vriion on th

hee: "f roomul of monkes were to rn

dol k pewriter long enough, he

wod evenull rerete te ompee works of Shkespere nd if monks ould rerete the

opete works of Shkesere b hne then

obious ells inormtin onen ould lso

rise hne, i on give enough timeowever, none who eeves hese projeions

hsnt gured he mth. t re he odds of

monke ping one predeermined nineleter

wod, suh s "evoution ell give Huxe



THE SE GAS T DR W

break, and assume a pewrier wih on eers,

no oher smbos. Ovious, he rs eer, "e,

woud be a piee of ke. Bu o ge "evouion,

sine he aphabe ha 26 eers, one mus mui

p 26 b isef eigh imes e nd he monke

woud need, on averge, more han ve riionaemps jus o wri "evouion one orre.

Tping en eers per inue, his woud ake over

a miion ears. To g wo oseuive predeer

mined nineeer worssuh s "evouion om

menedwoud ak more hn a biion biionears, aking us mu rher bak han he Big

Bang whih suppose ourred some 1 biion

ears ago. n oher wrds if a monke sared p

ing a he ime of he ig Bang and oninued uni

now, he oudn evn produe wo onseuive

preseeed 9eer ordse aone "he works

f hakespeare.

If i is objeed ha he exampe had a roomful of

monkes, Dr. Duane ish pus he monke maerin perspeive

If one billion plnet the ze of the earth

were covered eyebtoeyeball and ebowto

elbow with monkey, and each monkey wa



E DENCE GNS T THE THOR Y OF E OL TON

eated at a typerer (rqurng abou

quare feet for each monkey, of the approx maely quare fee avalable on each of he

planet) , and each money typed a trng of

leter every econd fr ve bllon year,

the chance are overhelng hat not one of

hee monkey ould have typed the entencecorrectly! Only tre uld be made by all

hee monkey n that v bllon year .

There ould not be the lhet chance ha a

ngle one of he mokey (a trllon rl

lon monkey) ould have yped a preelectedenence of letter (u a The ubject of

th Imact arcle the nturaltc degn of

lfe on the earth under aumed prmordal

condton") thout a ellng error, even

once. 9

Een f the orret hemas dd ome together

b hane woud that reate a vng e? Throw

ng sugar our o and eg on the oor doesnt

gve ou a ake. Tossng tgether steel rubbergass and past doesn't gv ou a ar. These end

prouts requre skll enneerng How muh

more so then, a lvng orgasm? Indeed suppose

we put a og n a bender ad turn t nto puree?




All the ingredients fr life would be therebut

nothing living arises om it ven sientsts in a

lab ant produe a liing reatue om hemials

How, then, ould blid hane?

But lets sa that omehow b hane, a ell

reall formed in a prmeval oean, omplete withall the neessar prteins amino aids, geneti

ode, tanslation deies a ell membrane, et.

Presumabl this rst little ell would have been

rather fragile and sortved But it must ave

been quite a ellbause witin the span of itslifetime, it must hve evolved the omplete

proess of ellular rerodutio. Otherwise, tere

never would have ben another ell.

And where did seal reprodution ome m?Male and female reprodutive sstems are quite

dierent h woul nature evolve a male repro

dutive sstem? Untl it was ll ntional, it

would serve no purpseand would sill serve no

purpose unless there as, onveentl available, afemale reprodutive sstemwhih must lso

have arisen b han

Furthermore, supose there reall were sme

basi organi omponds formed om the "pri

4





THE CASE GAS T DA R W

oean as a singe ewith the sienti obstales

amost never disusse.

Darwin's theory od aso die on this informa

tion aone, but instead well just all it "strike

two.

Evdence ro Bochestry

Biohemistry is also ving Darwin probems Dr

Mihael Behe, biohmist a Lehigh University

has written Darwins Blak Box Te Bioemial

Callenge o voluio In this 1996 book, Behedesribes how omplex ertain biohemial sys

tems are. If any omonent was missing the sys

tem would have no ntion Therefore it ould

not have evoved stpbystep. Behe alls this"irreduible ompexy

For example bloo otting swings into ation

when we get a ut A o may ook simpe to the

naked eye owever hrough a mirosope, it is a

very ompex proess nvovin more than a dozensteps A person with hemophilia is missing just

one otting fator an is at high risk for beeding.

Someone missing sevra omponents woud have

no hane for survivl at a. To paraphrase Dr.



E DEE A GAT THE TE O R OF E OL TO

Behe very smpy f bloo cottg had evolved

stepbystep over eos creures would have bedo death before t was evr perfecedad ts

cremea stages ever psed o to subsequet

geeratos The system s reducby complex.

other exampe Behe gves: the mmue sysem. Wh fecos occr must dstgush

vadg bactera cels om the body's ow

celsotherwse te atter l be aacked (whch

s he case auommu dseases). at

body detes he bacteru by attachg to t I

a complex bochemcal proess a varety of whte

bood cels"kle celsre oted of the bac

erum's presece These ave o the ste ad

usg the deg atby atack the eemyke blood cotg ts system s rreducby

complex. The pas are terdepede Wha

evolved rs? The kler ces? Wthout the det

g abody tey wod kow where to

attack But why wud the eter develop rst

whout ker cels to ot? d f he etwork

evolved graduay dsease ould have wped crea

tures out log before t cou have bee perfected.

7



THE CASE tGANS T DA R WN

Behe demotrae ha other biochemical y

tem uch a huma viio are alo irreducbly

complexthey ca have evolved tepby

epgivig clear eidece hat they reued

om iellige deig.

By my cou hi pt hree rike o DariBut le ay hi lat trike wa oly a foul ball

trikewell keep hi a the pate.

Evidence fr Fssls

Doe paeoologyte tudy of foilvaliateevoutio? Ope a teager biology textbook

ad you ill probaby ee a tree of life from

which al life form bach out A he tree bot

tom i a igeceled reaure. Accordig to ar wiim hi ile orgim gradualy evoved io

the r ivertebrae (creaure ithou back

boe uch a jelly).

Cambria rock i e ow geologic layer co

aiig mot of the olet kow iverebrate foil I it e fid lieray biio of foil of

iverebrae clam ail worm poge jely

h, ea urchi, wimig cruacea, etc But

here are o foil deoratig ho thee crea



E DECE GAS T THE THE O R Y OF E OL TO

trs volvd or that ty vlopd om a om

mo astor (For this raso w ar of thCabria "xploio.) lat Stph Jay

Gold of arvard akowldgd that "or mor

xtsiv labor has still faild to idti ay ra

tr tat might srv as a plasibl immdiatacstor for th Cambria faas [aimals] .

otr words t bottom f Darwis grat "tr

of lif is mrly a spltio spportd by

fossil vid

Spposdly ivrtbrats volvd ito th rst

fis Bt dspit billios of fossils from both

grops trasitioal fossls likig th ar

missig.

ll trog th voltioary tr t "missig lis ar still missig sts rodts, ptro

dactyls palm trs ad otr lif forms appar

i th fossil rord with o tra of how ty

olvd Gart Nls of th mria

Msm of Natral istory statd: "It is a mistak

to liv tat v o fssil spis or fossil

grop a b dostrat to av b as

tral to aotr



THE ASE GA S T DAR W

Coin Paerson, snior paeonologis a he

Briish Museu o Naura Hisory roe: Gould

and he erian useu eoe are hard o

onradi hen hey ay here are no ransiional

ossis s a paeonlogis yself a uh

oupied ih he hiosophia probes o ideniing anesral ors in he ossil reord

ill ay i on he lehere i no one suh

ossi or hih on oud ake a aerigh

arguen

Many oher paeonologiss have ade equalysrong airaions ee Chaer 2 o y book

T ado in a Junkyar) O ourse, his erainly

does not ean ha hre are no ransiiona ors

aied oday by evuioniss ndeed, ih herising halenge o arin eer evouioniss

see o aknoledge he ak o ransiiona fos

sils, perhaps or ear being quoed by reaion

iss oe have begu o ore srongly asser he

eisene of suh orsHoever, he vunrabiiy of suh opinions o

error is deonsrae by ies hen hey have

been onusively pren rong Take or ea

ple Pidon Man as delared an apean,



E DECE A GAST THE E O R Y OF E OL TO

500,000 years o. t wa vaidated by any of

Britain's eading sientts, inuding notedanatoist Sir Artur Kei, brain speiaist Sir

Gafton Eiot Smt, and ritis useu geoo

gist Sir Artur Sit oward. At te tie te

disovery was anoune (1912) te New York

Times ran tis eadine arwin Teory Proved

True. For te next four eades, Pitdown an

was evoutions greatest swase, featured in text

books and enyopedias. Meanwie ergyen

wo ad denouned evouon were ridiued; Pitdown, it was said, ad proen te wrong.

ut wat did te Pitdo�n an atuay onsist

of? ust a very reent oragutan aw, stained to

ok od, its teet ed don to ake te ore

uanooking anted geter wit a uan

skubone, aso stained t reate an appearane

of age

Tose wo tin su stakes no onger our

need ony onsider te Acaeorapor promotedin a 10page oo spread n te Noveber 1999

Naional Geograpic as true issing ink

between dinosaur and bids. Te fossi was dis

payed at Nationa Geogpis Exporers a



THE CA SE ANS T DR WN

and vewed by ver 00000 ee. wever

urned u be faesene had sm

py gued geher a rd fss wh par f a

dnsaur fss.

r s jus aud a can deceve. The cea

canh s a bny sh wse fsss can be seen nJurassc rc (he age f he dnsaurs). Sups

edy hs creaure had been exnc fr se 0

mn years. ccrdg Dawn's hery sh

evved n ahbas (anmas ha can g n

and and waer such s gs). Fr years evu nss caed he cacanh a frerunner f

aphbans s fssed ns descrbed as mb

e.

Then n 1938 shen caugh a ve ne he can cas. Snc hen abu 200 re have

been caugh. Besdes rvng he ceacanh was

n exnc fr 0 n yars exanan

reveaed was 100 pecen sh wh n aphb

an characerscs.Why s reavey esy be sed by a fss?

Snce 99 percen f a rganss bgy resdes

n s sf anay, re s a hw uch

ne can deduce bne. Ths aes fsss

4



EDEE G S T THE TE OR Y OF EO L TO

asy to invst wt subjcv opinions. As Jrold

ownstin and Adrinn ilman notd in NewSienis in rfrnc o an ancstry

The ubjective eeme in thi approach to

buldng evoutionary ree, hich many

palaeontologit advocateith almot religiou

fervor, demotrated by the outcome there

o ingle famiy tree on hich they agree.27

r is no conclusiv ay to tst th intrpr

tation of t fossi of an tinct cratur cinc

cannot obsrv t past wit t sam autority asit obsrvs t prsnt Paontology trfor is

not a scinc on t lvl o pysics or cmistry

wos laws can b dmonstatd in a laboratory It

rlis aviy on opinon an migt vn bttr b

dscribd as an art tan a inc.

On th 25th annivrsar of Prsidnt Jon F.

Knndys da a nationa magazin askd m to

writ an indpt artic o t assassination. In

rsarcing it I was astonsd at th varity of opinions about wat ad ccurrdt idntity

of t assassin(s) numbr of assassins locations

from wic ty ad fir, tc. s dbats

ragd dspit a wath of vidnc hundrds of

4



THE ASE GANS T DAR WN

eyewitnesses intervied y the arren Cois

sion the Zapruder l which caught the acta

saying; fingerprints; alistics tests. Even the

autopsy resuts on Kenedys ody were dispted

in a estseing ook

If this mch deate an occur over an incidentthat happened ony 40 yars ago, how then can an

evolutionist pck up a one agmnt, supposey

ilions of years old, d assert with a ig degree

of erainy that it is th ancestor of suchandsuch

a species nike th ennedy assassination, thereare no eyewitnesses wo saw this reature; there is

no Zapruder ovie o it there are no soft tisses

to examine

Darwin stated that the nuer of intermediateand transitiona links etween al living and

extinct speies, us have een inconeivaly

great. But assuredly, if this theory e tre, such

have lived upon the arth. e aditted these

creatures fossis had ot een found in his ayut hoped ture excaations woud turn the p

hey havent.

f evoutionary thory is true, the geoogic

record should revea the innuerale transitional

44



E DEE A GAS HE E O R Y OF E OL O

form Darwin poke o e houdn nd ju a

handfu of queionabe bu bilon of nermedae valdaing heor. Inead he

fo reord ho ania ompeeno in

developmenal aee ver r me he are

een Th i ju ha e ould expe f anmal were reaed nead of evlved.

Thi i anoher rike Darwin bu ine he

ujeivi of he foi rord make a more

deaabe iue el a anoher fou bal

rke. Darwin an a a e pae.

Evidene fro Taxono

Wha abou living raniinal form? Taxonom

he ene ha lai pan and animagrouping he harerii he hare.

Swedih boani arolu nnaeu pioneered he

ed aignng organ a order genu

and peie Hi em wo univera aepane.

inaeu rong oppoed evoluon. He aw ha

he arger dvion of vg ngonrar o

wha evoluon woud prdiwere diin

dvided wihou overlap.

45



THE ASE A S T AR W

A rainow may he many oors u one

oesnt see soi re jmp o soi orangeRaher,

graations exis eten them. Simiary i a

reatures have a omon anesor, we shou not

see isiny ivie roups ut iving inerme

iaes etween hoe groups Evoutionistsaknowege ha he ntermeiates are missing

ut say hey must hav eome extinB i so

where are heir ossis anaian ioogis R.

hompson noe

Takng the axonc sysem as a hole, t

appears as an order arrangemen of clearcut

entes, ch are earcut because hey are

separated by gaps . . . The genera tendency o

emnae, by mean of unverfable speculaons, the mts of e categores naure pre

sents to us, s he ertance of boogy o

he Origin of Species. o estabsh he connuty

requred by he theo, sorca arguments are

nvoked, even hoh hstorcal evdence s

ackng. Tus are enendered hose agle to

ers of hypotheses bed on ypotheses, ere

fact and con nenge n an nexrcable

conson.29



V AGAN S T THE �E O R Y OF E VO TO

ie has chaged s 1930, whe usi H

Cark he mhsa Iiuos emie zooogs declared:

The complete abenc of any intermediate

form beeen the maj group of animal,

hch i one of the mot trking and mot ig nicant phenomena broght out by the tudy

of zoology ha htherto een oerlooked, or at

leat ignored . . . .

No matter ho far ba e go in the foil

record of preiou anim life upon the earthe nd no trace of any nmal form hch

are intermedae bete the arou major

group or phyla.

Thi can ony mean O thing There can be

only one interpreation �f th entire lack ofany ntermedae bete the major group of

animala for n tan beteen the back

boned animal or ertebre the echinoderm ,

the molluk and the artopod

If e are llng to acpt the fact e mut belee that there neer ere uch intermed

ate , or in other ord tt thee major group

hae om the ery r brne the ame relation

to each other that they br t oday. 3

47



THE A SE AST DR W

Evidence from Moleulr Biolo

ccording o Darwinis sh evlved into amphb

ians which then evov into repiles, which hen

evolved into mammas Austraian molecular bio

ogis Michae Denon udied tese differen ai

mas on a molecuar ee and ound no evidencefor he sequence n i book, Evoluion A Teory

in Crisis Denton anas varios molecular struc

tures such as tha o cytochrme C, a protein

involved in producing eluar nergy. is foud

in organisms ranging m baceria to man. Based

on cyochrome C amibians are ust as disant

om sh as people ar n ohe words on a mol

ecular evel ampibias are no close cousins of

sh. Denon wries:Intead of revealig a mulitude of trani

tional form throug which te evolution of a

cell might have occred, mlecular biology

ha erved only to ephaize the enormity of

the gap . . . . [N livg yte can be thought

of a being primitiv r anceral ith repect

to any other ytem or i there the lightet

empirical hint of a evolutinary equence

among all the incredly divere cell earth.



E VECE A GAS THE E O R OF E VO O

T] he sysem o nare conoms nda

menally o a highy order hierarchic schemeom which all direc evince o evoluion is

emphaicaly abse3 1

Isses of Coon Sense

In a popuar evoutionary eplanation hees how

repties evolved into bids hey wanted to eat y

ing insects tha we out o reach. So the reptiles

began leaping, and appg their ams to get

highe. ve millios o yeas, thei imbs transfomed into wings b inceents their tough ep

tiian scaes gradua sproting sot eathes.

ut the theoy suers wen scrutinized. A few

yeas ago I was waking ough a zoo with myson. We saw uncaged parrots sitting on peches

out in the open. My son asked me why the parrots

didnt just y away_ We eried the zookeepe

who tod us We cp thei wings

Now what wou hapn to these paots i

tuned oose in the junge Unable to y hey

wold make easy tagets o pedatos and swity

peish

4



THE ASE GANS T AR WN

ccording to nturl seection phsic trit is

cquired becuse it ehnces suri Obious

ight is beneci. Oe cn certinl see how

ing nims might suvive better thn those who

coudnt nd thus ntur seection would pre

sere them But birds wings nd fethers re per fectl designed instrments. "Evoling wings

would he no genuie survi lue unti the

reched the point of ight. The trnsitionl cre

ture whose imb ws f eg hf wing woud be

poor cndidte for uriit coudnt et

nor wlk wel. Ntur seection woud eiminte it

without second thoght.

et's rise n even ore ndmentl question

Wh rent repties oday deveoping fethersWh ren't sh day growing litte legs tring to

dpt to lnd Wh ent inertebrtes eoving

into ertebrtes Wh rent reptiles eoing into

mmmls Shoudnt volution be ongoingnd wh is mn s incredib dierent from

nimls Wht niml cn sole compex mth

equtions Write poe ugh t jokes Design

compu ter softwre ow cn we s mn is



E ENE A GANS T THE TE O R OF E VO TON

merel "one more anima just more high

evoved?

et's reVew the evdee aganst Darwin's

heor:

(1) Mutations the supposed buildng bloks of

evoluton are never atual observed to reate

higher geneti information

(2 Cels are far too ompex to have originated

om a hane arrangement of hemials.

(3) The human bod has features suh as boodottng and the immune sstem that are "irre

dub ompex and annot have evoved.

(4 he fossl reord revals anmals ompete

when rst seen and thus better supports reation

than evoution(5 Taxonom shows a ak of ntermediates

between the major divisons of iving reatures.

(6 On a moleular leve there s no evdene

for the evolutionar sequene.(7 Common sense argues against evolution.

Ths s probab enoug to onusive all

stke three on the theor. But rst et's examine

various evdenes used to sppor Darwinsm



F G H

Figre . Haeckel embyo sequence, ow expoed a faed

purported to how (et rght) hog af abbt huan.

5



C 3

Reevalatg Some

Evdeces Used toSuppt th Thery

Hecke's Embs

Most o us have sen thos drawings o deveop

ing human embryos next o deveoping anima

ebryos and hey ook viray indisinguishabe

(igure 1). This ha ong bn said o demonsrateour ommon anesry wih hese animas and hus

prove the heoy o evoutin

hese piures ere desied by German zooo

gis Ernst Haeke (whom e previousy quoted

on the ower raes havi a dieren vaue to

their ives). Haee expaed

hen we see ha a ceran sage eembryos of man and he pe he dog and he



THE ASE f AS T AR W

rabbi he pig and e sheep, hough recogniz

able as higher verbraes canno e disin

guished om each her he fac can ony be

elucidaed by assumng a common parenage32

What few peope kw: the pctures were fakes.

he decet was expoed Haekel's Frauds andForgeries 915) , a bok b Assmth ad Erest

R. Hu he qoted etee leadg athortes

of the da. Aatoms F. Kebel of Frebrg U

verst sad that "t earl appears that Haecke

has ma cases fre veted embros, orreprodced the lusratos gve b others

a substatal chaed form. 33 Zooogst .

Rtmeer of Base Uverst called the dstorted

drawgs "a s agat scetc trthless.Despte the earl eposre, Wester educaors

cotued sg Haeces pctres for decades as

proof of the theor o evouto. he matter has

bee settled wth at b Dr Mchael Rchard

so, a embroogst at St George's MedcaSchoo, odo. He od there was o record

that aoe ever actal checked aeckel's cams

b sstematca coparg huma ad other

fetuses drg deveopmet He assembled a

54



R E E VA L UA TG S O M E E E E S U SE .

scientific tem tt dd jut ttpotogp

ing te gowing embyos o 39 dieent species.In 1997 inteview in Lodons The Times D.

Ricdson stted: "Tis is ne of te wost cses

of scientic ud Its socing to nd tt some

boy one tougt ws get scientist ws delib

eely misleding. It mke me ngy . . t

e Heckel did ws to tke umn embyo nd

copy it, petending tt t slmnde nd te

pig nd ll te otes looke te sme t te sme

ste of development. Te don't. . . . Tese efkes.

Tody, toug to ese etent Heckels

ings still ppe in mbe of ig scool

nd college tetbooks.

Vesii Orns

In 925, evolutiony zoogist Hotio Hckett

Newmn stted: "Tee e ccoding to iede

sem no less tn 180 vesigil stuctues in teumn body, sufcient to ke of mn veit

ble wlking museum of iquities. Tis ws

note of Dwinisms get myts: te umn

body is loded wit vestgil ognselics om

55



THE CA SE AS T DAR W

our anma past no lngr srvng any sgncant

purpos

On rason why s many tonscoms wr

prvously prformd as h fas f tha on

ss wr vstga oday tonss ar rcog

nzd as havng an mun ncton. Evoutnsts sad th pna gand ocatd n th ran as

vstgalnow w kow t scrts h hormon

mlatonn. Th thyms foud n th chst as

aso dclar uslss. hav snc dscovr

has an mmun nctn. Th hyro coccyx andmany ohr oy pars prvusly dmd vst

gal ar now undrsod to hav mporant uss

Th s of 80 vstal sructurs s practcaly

down o zro Unforunal arlr Darwnsts

assumd that gnorac of an organs funcon

man ad no ncton

St

In 1962, Prsnon F Knny spakng a annr for th Amrcas Cu crws stad hat

w all cam om sa. H thn rpad a

popular msconcptn An t s an ntrsng

ologcal fact hat al of us hv n our vns h



REE AL UA TG SO E E DE C ES USED

eac same percentage slt in ur bld that

eiss in he can Kenned went n t say pple njy sailing because "e are ging back

m whence we came.

This rrneus ideatha ur bld cnains

"h eac same percentag sa as he cean

was widespread. t was satd by my sihgrade

teacher and seemed impressve evidence tha man

had evlved m sa creatues.

Hwever, human bld des nt rsmble sea

water. The acual mineral cnt human bldplasma and seawatr, in miigrams per lier is as

llws

ELEMENT BOOD EWTER

dium 3200 0800

Chlrine 3650 9400

Passium 200 392

Cacium 50 4

Magnesium 27 290

Phsphrus 36 0.09Irn 0.004

Cppr 0.00

Zinc . 0.005

Chrmium . 0.0002

5 7



TH A S A GANS T AR WN

Bomne 4 67

Fuone 1 1 3Boon 5

Seenum 9 0000

Thus anothe clalke Haeckels embyos

and Huxley's ypng onkeyswas pepetuaed

because no one bothed o check the acs.

Hn Tis

Anothe longhed ea was tha some babes aebon wh tastowbacks o the days when

we wee apes swnng o ees A Rende

Sho poesso o ugey a the Unvesty o

Bstol claed ths ong ago

I is oen saed ha chdren are born wh

ails" bu as a rule he aleged ails are noh

ing bu ay or bous umos such as may be

me wh in many pas o e body wou

any embryoogica sgncance There are

many congenal anormalies wih whch he

medical proesso is wel acquaned: cub

oo hare lp cle palae congenal disloca

ions naevi, superumerary ngers and oes

spia bifida. u noe o hese recal he ape39



RE EA A T G S OME E iE ES SE

Pe pere os

The atest Darwnan evene to bte the st: thepeppere moth Most hgh shoo bology text

boos toay te ths reate as a proof of evol

to Brtans peppere mo omes n lght an

ar varetesrng t he evoltonary se

aro, the peppere moth res on tree trns r

ng the ay Insral poton blaene the

trs, mang the ar mhs nvsbe to prey

ng rs, whh ase the to beome the om

nat varetyater pollt ontrols ase thelght varety to resge

Bologst onatha Wels ho hos PhDs om

Yae an Bereley, exposes he myth of the pep

pere moth n hs 200 boo cons of voluion st trns ot, peppee mot o no rest on tree

trs rng the ay. In sme stes, ths was

fae by gng an pnnn ea moths to trees

an photographng hem en f the stes ha

bee ompletely va, al thy wo have shown

s ltaton wth a spes There s no qes

to that sh tatons r The rea qes

to s whether one n f anma (fsh) an



HE A S A A S A R W

beome a ompete derent knd (mamma)

that's what Darwn's heor s a about.

Wth so man Darnst roofs rumbng hat

remans? wo major arguments undergrd evou

ton toda.

Te Arment fro "Mcro evolton

Modern evoutons ke Darwn hmsef use

breedng expermets as evdene e are

remnded that dog eeders ave deveoped new

breeds of dog; that aehorse owners have redfaster horses; that hrtutursts have deveoped

new pant varetes; ths s sad to sho that

vng thngs hange over te. Therefore gven

los of tme, los of ange woud our, and over

unlimied tme, unliied hange woud our

e , sh to humanne natre onduts ts own

form of "breedng aowng on the fttest

reatures to survve.

The argument s wed however. Lets take dog breedng. ere the g breeders of past entures

genet sentsts? d the st n abs nsertng

new genes nto thes dogs? o The found dogs

that aread had haatersts the ked mated



R E E VA A T G S O M E E D E E S SE D

hem wih smlar dogs , ad red hem a cerai

dreco. I oher ords, h worked wi preex ising geec foraio.

speces s ormal edowed wh a rich

dverse gee pool. Take m himself. There are

over sx bilo huas o arh e o wo are

exac alike (If oe wa o ge echca i

coud be argued ha dec ws are alike) The

huma race has a vas ge pool ha permis a

he variaio we see

I cera is possibe chage he geeraappearace of a speies over ime, b seecg ou

creaures wih parcuar gees. Bu e chage is

cofed o he s of e gee poo Horse

breeders ca geerae fas hrses b choosg he

bes, bu he ca cove he horse o a differe aimal.

I aures paralll f a grp of ogs ee a for

es re perhaps ol he ses hoppers woud

escape. This could leave u w a srai of fasogs Is a perfec xampe f aural selecio

ad survival of he es u his does mea

he ogs could evove io eope. Nohg ew

has bee creaed l ha as happeed is ha



THE ASE GAS T DA R W

slower frogs ave ee eliminated-ths s n ct

a loss of genetc normton not a gan. We

woud not contest Dwn on the exstence of nat

ura seecton or surva of the ttest n natre

But we woud argue at the change possbe oes

have lmts (One omc ponted out heprncess kssed the frog and he turned nto a

handsome prnce. W ca that fary tle. Darn

says frogs turn nto prnces and we cll t sc

ence.)

Shfts cn and do ocur wiin tpes of anals.These chnges based on dverse, preexstng

genetc nformaton, e caed by some mcroevo

luton. But ths s no evdence for unlimied trns

formaton (macroevuton).

The thess f we gt a tte change over a lttle

tme then we wl get a ot o change over a ot of

tme does not hold p. Suppose a grl, dreang

of Oympc glory larns to ce skate. The rst

week, she nds she n jump to heght o onefoot and nd on her skates. The second week she

nds that she an ep two fet. The thrd week

she can jump three feet . Cn we conclude om

ths that after 100 weks she w be abe to jmp



R E E VA L A T N G S O E E E N E S S E

100 f? No h law of gr wll sricl lmi

ho hgh sh can g. Lkis anmals ar alsorsrcd n how mch cha can makb

h lims of hr gn pool

Luhr Burbank h fad Amrican plan

brdr said:

I know rom my exprience ha I can

develop a plum al an ih long or one

inches long, wi every ossible lengh in

beween bu I a willin o admi ha i is

hopeless o ry o ge a plu he sie o a sallea or one as bi as a grpeui I have

roses ha bloom prey sedily or six monhs

n he year bu I have ne ha will bloo

welve and will no have n shor here are

lmis o he developmen ossible and eselmis ollow a law plns and animals all

end o rever in successive generaions

oward a given mean or aveage41

Smpl bacria can produ anohr gnraionin a mar of minus. Y lan H. Linon mr

us rofssor of bacrolog a h Unvrsi of

Brisol nod n 201: Thughou 50 ars of

h scinc of bacrolog hr s no vidnc



THE CASE A GAS T AR W

hat one seces of bacera has changed nto

another. 42

To change a bacterm no a sh nto a og nto

a rete no a maa no a man wod reqre

tha each tye of cretre arge rewrte ts gene

ool and reace h a new one. volonstscontend tha "benea mtatons wod allow

an ana o exceed he bondares of ts genetc

make Bt as we ave seen, matons do no

ntrodce new genec nformaon; he chages

they case nvolve noraona osses.

Te Second Mjor ren-Siiri

Sose were mncng on a Bg Mac a McDon

ald's and see a arge amly sttng next to s We

noce that he brohrs and ssters resembe each

other. Why s hat? ecase hey have he same

arents om whom hey ge ther genes (rats).

Charles Darwn as noced ts e correcy

dedced that tras re nherted from arents.owever, once agan he stretched the concson.

The Darwns loos a a hman and a tger. e

noes that boh creares have two eyes, two ears

for mbs, a ear, ban, teeth and so forh The



R E E A UA TG S O E E E E S U SE

cocluso draw sce pepe ad ers sare

so a caracerscs s proves a commobolocal acesor I oe words e a ad

e er are "broers av a como pare

a eeraos ao. A cds bolo exbook

oda wl ofe dspla sares bewee peo

ple ad amas as er b boes as proof of

a ual le of desce.

owever smlares ca e explaed oer

was. Take a Tooa Camr ad Ford Exporer.

Bo ave eadls a rsmsso a wdseld four wees ad dreds of oer fea

ures como. Ye s dd o resul from

cace uaos or a oer booca process.

Eve copoe a auobe s e u of delerae pa

Yes smares ca derve om boloc aces

r. Bu e aso resul fr e ecesses of

ele des. Cars ave four wees because

as e bes arraeme us r drv a

car w less). I e sae wa God ma ave

creaed aas w four mbs becase was

e bes deign.




A few evoutonsts y to usup the ca anaogy

sayng all autos evole om a basc pototype

an wee moe ov tme just as natual seec

ton moe ceatues ove tme. oweve no

one questons that deas evolve. eas aply

change mte only y the bouns of ou magnaton. Changng a seces whc s stcty con

ne to ts gene poo s anothe stoy. That eas

evolve oes not ague fo iological evouton.

Smates can als esult om the stye of a

common designe A pson wh an eye fo ach tectue can ent house but by the fame

Fank Lloy ght. But te smlaty between

hs bungs oesnt mean one gave bth to

anothe. They ha acommon designe

an an

anmas may also hav one: Go

e shoul aso cose the cam that geneic

smates pove blogca elatonshps. gh

schoo stuents toa ae often to that genet

caly speakng men chmpanzees ae 98 pe cent sma.

ost people heag ths agument assume sc

entsts compae th genetc coe sequences of

humans an chmpaees an foun them neay



REE VA UA TG S OME E E ES USP

identca owever the genetic map of human

bengs was ony receny id out n he famousCeera project. he 98 percent argumen existed

ong before ha; no one had systematcay com

pared the genetic makeu f humans and chim

panzees. hat then was he argument based on?

It came from a process caed "D hybridiza

tion whch found ha a snge srand of human

DN and a snge srand f chim D coud

rather conformaby be put tgeher to form a dou

be strand.owever supose someone evenuay does

compare he genetc code sequences of chimps

an humans and concusey shows hey are

simiar? oud ths prov common ancestry?

o answer hat et's ak anoher anaogyhe Inernet

here are miions of web ages and it s proba

by correc o say hat mot were created using

codes of the comuter angage M. Does hav ng hese codes in common mpy a geneaogic

reaionshp between web ges? Did the web site

for rado sation EZE n son give birth to the

web sie for n irgnia? o. Every web site



THE A SE AS T A R W

resuts om inteiget design, and te computer

codes used to make hm resuted om inteigent

design

Two simiarooking web pages probaby ave

simiar HTML code commands. By te same

token two simiaroking animas woud ikeyave some correspnding genetic code com

mands Since umans resembe cimps more tan

waes we coud expct tat uman genetic code

sequences woud be coser to tat of cimps than

tat of whaes But no bioogica reationsip woud be tereby ceried.

Evoutionists argu tat simiarities visibe or

genetic prove a comon ancestor But tis is an

assumption Simiarites resut om common

ancestry, but aso o inteigent design or a common designer.



nclsinWat, ten, de evlutin' rf cnit f?

Were idea have nt ben dicredited (a in

aecke' embry and vetigial rgan) we haveeen tat they ret n aumpion rather than

obeaion. N ne ha ever berved ife n

taneuy generate m cmical r ne kind f

animal tranfrm int anter r mutatin gen erate true bigica advace r cme bi

cemical ytem evve. at any f thee ting

ever haened requirefa by te Darwinit and

fr that rean, me ele cnider evlutin

better caracterized a a reliin than a a cience.ir hn Wiliam Dawn w ineered ana

dian gelgy and erved reident f bt

cill Univerity and the riti Aciatin fr

te Advancement f cienc aid:

Le he eade ake up ehe o Dawns

gea books o Spences ology" and eely

ask hse as he eads eah paagaph ha

s assued hee and wha s poved? and he



THE ASE GAS T DAR W

wll n he whol abrc el away lke a

vson . . . . e hu see ha evoluon as an

hypohess has no bss n experence or n sc

enc ac and ha s agned seres o rans

muaons has breaks whch canno be lled.43

I is ommon o hr i assrd ha "all siniss bliv in voluion. Bu man siniss,

rom Darwin's da unil now hav rd i.

oologis lbr Flishmann o h Univrsi o

Erlangn dlard h Darwinian hor o

dsn has no a sinl a o onrm i in hralm o naur. I is no h rsul o sini

rsarh, bu purl produ o imaginaion. 4

Paul oin who was prsidn o h Go

logial oi o Fra and diror o h a

ural Hisor Musum, Paris sad

The heory o eluon s possble. A

base n spe o apparances, no one any longer

beleves n . . . Eluon s a kn o dogma

whch he press n longer beleve, bu whchhey manan or her people.4

Dr Wolgang mi who augh a IT and

UC and has wri on a wid sprum o si

ni opis said in 988:

7



C O N C L US I O N

And he saien fac is is f by evlut we

mea maevlut (as e enceforh shal),the t a be sad wth the utmst g that the

dte s ttally beeft setf sat

Now, o be sure, given e muliude of exrav

agan caims abou evoluon promugaed by

evouoniss wi an air o scienic infalibi

iy his may indeed soud srange And ye he

fac remains ha here exss o his day no a

sred of ba fde scieni evidence in suppor

of he hesis a macroeoluionary ransformaions have ever occurre.46

n straa n 1999 a ok was plshed en

e In Six Days: Why Scintists Choose to Believe

in Creation I has 50 hapers eah wrtten y asenst hodng a dooae none of whom

aepts Darwn's theory n he Unted States the

Creaon Researh Soey has some 600 vong

memers al holdng advaed sene degrees

an all of whom ejet Dawnan evolton Dr.

Ramond Damadan, nvenor of he MRIone of

he mos advaed dag nosi oos in eicine

s an ospoken reaons Many more exampes

7



THE CASE GANS T D R WN

ca be givead ar my book Toado in a

Junkyard

But of course, ma scietists do accept evolu

tio ad t would be ogcal o ask why that is if

evdece reay goes agaist it I beeve there are

two aswers:(1) May scietst accept evouto because

ha's all heyve ever een augh avig ever

bee exposed to the case agast Darw they

have ever had a chace to weigh it.

2 Aother reaso was wel summarzed byDr. Mchael Walker seior ecturer i athropo

ogy at Sydey Uiverity

Oe is forced o cocude a may scieiss

ad ecologiss py ipserice o DarwiiaTeory oly becaus i supposedly excludes a

Creaor om ye aer area of maerial pe

omea, ad o bcause i as bee paradig

maic i esabisi e caos of researc i

e ife scieces ad e ear scieces47ike everyoe ese sceists are huma. As

humas we ofte dsike mora laws or the dea

of God It is probaby reasoabe to say that Dar

wism largey perssts despite cotradictory

7



C O N C L O N

evdene beause i is a i base a denia of Gods

exisene. he grandson of Thomas HuxeyDarwns buldogwas dous Huxley an eary

advoae of he drug utre and sexua ermis

sieness. He ut i bluntly:

I ad ives r n aig e wrd ave eaning cnseqenly assumed i ad

nne, and was able wiu ay diculy

nd sasing reasns r his asspin

Fr mysel as, db r s my cn

epraries, e pisy meangless

ess was essenially an insrumen liberan

The liberain we desired was sianeusy

liberain m a cera plical and ecnic

sysem and berain a ceran sysem raliy We bjeced e mraliy because

nerered wi ur sexal reedm; we

bjeced e pliical and ecnic sysem

becase i was njs48

By a means we sho ermi evolutionary

ideas o be aired in ubi shools. But hey

shud be stated for wha they are: hyoheses

no absoutes. Charles Darin onded his own

7



THE CA E AN T AR N

doubts n lette to olegue n 1858 te ye

befoe publction of e Origi of Speies

Thank you hearil or wha you say abou

my book bu you wil be grealy disappoined

i will be grievously oo hypoheical I wil

very likely be o no oher service han colaingsome acs hough I ysel hink see my way

approximaely on h origin o he species Bu

alas how equen, hw amos universal i is in

an auhor o persuae himsel o he ruh o

his own dogmas9

If Dwn imself ced it "gevousy too ypo

tetc, wy e we tecing it s poven fct

tody? coos sou lso pesent te gowng

scientic cse agais winism, so students cn weig bot sdes nd ke up tei own minds

Of couse, some eg ny clenge to Dwin s

"sneking eligion in v te bck doo, nd ty to

silence teces wo pesent tese evdences s

"votng seption of cuc nd stte. But t isqute stetc to clim tt discussing, sy, te

flue of muttons t dd new genetc infom

tion, someow constittes govenment endose

ment of egon. Mn, n fct, conside evouton

74



C ONCL U SON

a a o sneakng atheis n through the back

dorand all the deolog ha goes th tWernher von Braun as drector o NASAs

space gh center he overa the eam o scen

tss tha sent the rs Amercan nto space, and

mastermnded he moon landng. egardng sc

ence educatn he sated: o be orced o beleve

ol one conclusonhat everhng n he un

vese happened b chanceould volae the ver

obectvt o scence tsel " 5

ndeed suppose an arson detectve about tonesgae a res orgns eceved these nstruc

tns n our nvestgao, ou mus onl con

ser the possblt ha he re happened b

chance; ou must not eplre evdence tha sug

gets as ntenonal o sound ould hatnestgaton be?

A e ears ago he Naonal Academ o Sc

ences ssued an Affiation of Freedom of Inqui

an Expression ha state Tha reedom o nur and dssemnaton o deas requre that

thse so engaged be ree o search here ther

nur leads ee o travel and ee o publsh

her ndngs thou poltcal censorshp and

7



THE CA SE GAS T DAR

without fear of retriution in onsequene of

unpopularity of thei onusions hose who

haenge existing thery ust be protete o

retaiatory reations 5

Siene is about th truth an it neither fears

nor suppresses the searh for it



Nts . Julian Huxley, in Issues in Eolution vol. 3 ed. So Tax

(Chcago: Universty of Cago Press, 960) 45 .

2. Emelan Yaroslavsky Landmarks in the Ufe o Stalin

(Moscow Foreign Langages Publishng House940) 9

3 Conway Zirle Evolutio, Marxian Biolo and theSocial Scene (Phladelpha niversty o PhladelphiaPress, 959) 6

Andrew Carnege, Autobigaphy o Andrew Caegie

ed. ohn C. Van Dyke (9; reprint, Bston: Northeastern Unversty Press 96) 327

5 Charles Darwn The Deset o Man and Selection inRelation to Sex (New York Appleton, 96), 56

6 Thomas Huxley, Lay Sers Addresses and Reviews(New York Appleton 70 20

7 Darwin, Descent of Man 334 Ernst Haecel he Wonders Ufe (ew York Harper,

904) 56-57

9 A. E. Wilder-Smith, he Ntral Sciences Know Nothingo Evolution (Costa Mesa l T.W.F.T. Publishers,9) 62

0 Arthur Keth Evolution and thics (N ew York Putnam,947) 230.

E O Wlson, "Toward a umanstic Bology, heHuanist (September/Octbr 92): 40

2. Will Durant "We Are te Last Stage of a PaganPeriod Chicago ribune April 90) quoted n



THE CAS E GANS T DAR WN

Henry . orris and ohn D orris Socety ad Cre

ato Green orest Ark. aster Books 996) 0

l3 Charles Darwin The Org of Speces 72; reprin

New York Random Huse 993) 27

4 Lee Spener Not By hace!: Shatterg the oder

Theory of voluto Brookyn NY Judaica Press

997) l3 l3

5 Gary E. arker "Creon utation and Variation

pact 9 ovember 90): 2

6 Ernst Chain Resposlty ad the Scetst oder

ester Socety Lonon Counci o Chrisians and

Jews 970) 25

7 Carl Sagan "Le yclopaeda Brtc 5th ed.vol 22 97

Francis Crck Lfe tel ts rg ad Nature New

York Sion and Scster 9 ) 5 52

9 Duane T Gish "The Origin o Lie Theories on the

Origin o Bioogca Oder pact 37 Quly 976) 3

20 Harry Cemmey and ick Badham "Oxygen in the re

cambrian Amosphere An Evaluation o the Geological

Evidence Geolo arch 92) 4

2 Carl Sagan "traviot Selecton Pressure on the ar

lies Organisms jral of Theoretcal Bolo 39

Aprl 973) 95 9 22 ichae Bee Darwn's Black Box The Bochecal

Challege to volutn ew York The ree Press

996) 7797

23 Stephen Jay Gould A Shor Way o Big Ends Naturl

Hsto 95 Qanuary 6)



N O T

24 areth V Neson "rg ad Dersfcato of

eeostean Fshes Aals the New York Acade ofScieces 67 (969) 22

25 Co Patterson etter to uther D. Sunderad 0

Apr 979, quoted n Luthr D Sunderad Darwis

Eia Fossis ad ther Pbes San Dego Master

Books 9) , 9

26 "Darw heory Proed e New York Ties 22December 92 , C

27 erod Lowensten ad drenne L. Zhman "he

Isbe Ape New Scieti 20 (3 December 9)

5

2 Darwn rii 40

29 W. R. ompson ntroductn to The rii of Species by Chares Darwn reprnt New York: Duton Eeryma's Lbray 956), quote n Henry M Morrs and

John D Morrs Sciece a Creatio reen Fores

Ark Master Books 996), 9

30 Aust H. Cark The New Eolutio Zooeesis Bat

more: Wams and Wk 930) , 6 , 9

3l Mchae Denton Evoluti A Theor i Crisis

Bethesda Md : Ader ad Aer 96) , 249 , 250, 27

32 Ernst Haecke The idde othe iverse at the Close of

the Nieteeth Cetur tras oseph McCabe New

York Harper and Brothers 900) , 656633 J Assmuth ad Eres R u Haeckes Frauds ad

Foreries Bombay Examr Press 95), 26

34 bd 24

35 "An Embryoc Lar The Tes Londo) August

997 , 4

7





NOTES

9 Charls Darwin Mor Ls of Charls Darwin dFrancis Darwin vo (Lonon ohn Murray 903)

450.

50. Wrnhr Von Braun ltr rad by Dr John Ford toCaliornia Sat Board o ducation Sptmbr972 quotd in Ann Lamon wnyn Gra Sciniss Who Blivd h Bibl (cacia Ridg unslandAusralia Cration Scinc oundation 9 95) , 47

5l "An Armaion o Frdo o Inquiry and Exprssion ational Acadmy o Scincs Rsoution 27

April 976 uod in Robrt V Gntry Caions inyMysry (Knoxvill Tnn Earth Scinc Associats992) , 7



ck legemetsFo eviewing Th Cae Agains Darwin pio o

puicaion and oviding insighl commens

and coecion I ank D ane Fai D. Don

Baen D. Tevo adle, D oe Goee, Mak

Sewa Chaes oe . H. Enz Baaa

oidoux and Susn Schee.

I also hank he lened Paul Ingeson fo hisconinued encougemen and fo his coniu

ions o he cove esign.



" INTRGUIN

'V TH CAS

TORNADO

ADr. Duane T. Gsh, Senior Vice Presdent Insue for CreatonResearc Toao a Jukya by Jame Perloff shoud be in the brary

of every one who is nterested te subject of orgs. Ts book s a poweu

argument for creato because t s thorough , fu y documented ad scietf

cay accurate It s easy readabe by scetit and ayan ae and s

wrten n a popa sye that w ake it ntresting and entetan ng forreaders of all ages. I hghly recomed ths Dook"

Massachuses News: Perof's boo is a powerfu sythess of recent work

by microboogsts pyscsts a other scetsts showng there s

no hard evdence for the creaton of new spees from existng ones"

D Emme L. Wiams, Presiden, Creaon Research Socey Toao a Jukya s a unque presentaon of the scientfc case agast

arwnis nformay wte for ayme If ou are ookng for a user-friedy

expanaton of the facts suppong creaton hs boo is for you

Consevave Book Club: aes Pelo bngs the ata together in a

voume read y accessbe to nonscentfc tyes Peroff's stye uusuay

vey makes Toao a Jukya etertaiing as we as educatona."Aco Jack Lemmon, who payed Clarence Darow n he 999flm verson of nherit the Wind: My congratuations to Mr. Peroff for

an otstand g piece of work"

The New Amercan: hs s a very portnt wor wren in an nforma

and atractve sye that s a joy to read

Vcki Bray Hos, "Homeschoong US " I recommend that every

homeschoo famiy and church ave a copy or ther brares"



PUBLISHER 'S WEKL Y

A GAINST ARIN

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F!

Covers divese scientfic challnges to Dawinism. Copaes fi scpt foI Wto actual court nscipt of Scopes Ta Discusses ape-men in

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IT STIL

SHOCKS SMEPEOPLE, BUT . . .There is powerl scientic evidence against Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. d the implications are momentous, because ever

since publication of The Origin ofSpecies in 1859, evolution has beencontesting mans traditiona ideas about the meaning of life

Now, however it's Darwin whos on the retreat, as facts from diversebranches of science challenge the theory's validity In his popularbook rnado in a Junkar James Perlo examined that evidence indetail Now for the busy reader, he takes you on a mini-tour of: The

Ce Against Darwin.

JES PEOFF is a free-lancewriter based in Boston Massachusetts He is a contributorto The New American and

WorldNetDailycom His rstbook, The Shadows of Power, anexpos of private inuence onAmerica foreign policy has soldover 100,000 copies. Noted inWho Who in America, Mr Pero

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The Case Against Darwin