British East India British East India Company AgentsCompany Agents

1-E

Coins of the Coins of the British East India British East India

Co.Co.

1719 coin 1804 coin1719 coin 1804 coin 1719 coin 1804 coin1719 coin 1804 coin

Sepoy soldiersSepoy soldiers

1-F

• Local Indian soldiers (Hindu & Muslim) hired by the British East India Company• 200,000 Sepoys compared to 50,000 British soldiers

India in mid-18cIndia in mid-18c

British Soldiers in British Soldiers in India, India,

1830s1830s

British Opium British Opium Warehouse in Warehouse in

Patna, Patna, India India

Selling Patna Selling Patna Opium in Opium in

ChinaChina

Selling Patna Selling Patna Opium in Opium in

ChinaChina

India: 18c-early India: 18c-early 19c19c

India: 18c-early India: 18c-early 19c19c

Maharaja of BundiMaharaja of Bundi Maharaja of BundiMaharaja of Bundi

• Maharaja is term given to local rulers of Indian provinces

The Maharaja of The Maharaja of PannahPannah

The Sepoy The Sepoy Mutiny: 1857Mutiny: 1857

2-A

Aka…. India’s First War for Independence

Areas of the Sepoy Areas of the Sepoy Mutiny, Mutiny,

18571857

The Seige of The Seige of LucknowLucknow

Execution of Execution of Sepoys:Sepoys:

“The Devil’s “The Devil’s Wind”Wind”

2-B

1876:1876: Queen Victoria Queen Victoria Becomes Becomes

“Empress of “Empress of India”India”

2-D

Queen Victoria in Queen Victoria in India India

PAX BRITANNICAPAX BRITANNICA

Queen Victoria:Queen Victoria: Receiving the Crown Receiving the Crown

of Indiaof India

Sikhs – Bengal Sikhs – Bengal Cavalry of the Cavalry of the British ArmyBritish Army

•Sikh is term given to follower of Sikhism (religion)• Served as soldiers for British in WWI & WWII

1515thth Ludhiana Ludhiana Sikhs, 1889Sikhs, 1889

Assorted British Assorted British Soldiers, Soldiers, 1890s1890s

Bengal Bengal Medical Medical Service, Service, 18601860

A LifeA Lifeofof

LeisureLeisure!!

Political stability Political stability (Br. Viceroy’s (Br. Viceroy’s

Daughter: Daughter: Simla, 1863)Simla, 1863)

Darjeeling Darjeeling RailroadRailroad, , 1880s1880s

Modern urban areasModern urban areas(Simla: Little England (Simla: Little England

in the in the mountains of India) mountains of India)

Karachi, 1896Karachi, 1896

Victoria Victoria Railroad Railroad StatStation, Bombayion, Bombay

Chartered Chartered BankBank of of Calcutta, Calcutta,

19151915

SchoolSchool and and LibraryLibrary – Madras, 1913– Madras, 1913

the Indian National the Indian National CongressCongress 1885 1885 The Indian National The Indian National

CongressCongress was founded in Bombay. was founded in Bombay.

swarajswaraj “independence.” “independence.” ** the goal of the movement. the goal of the movement.

Bal Gangadhar TilakBal Gangadhar Tilak

1856 - 19201856 - 1920

Described by the British as “The Father of Indian Unrest”

Jawaharlal nehruJawaharlal nehru

1889 - 19641889 - 1964

Principal leader of India’s independence movement in the 1930s and ’40s

the Muslim Leaguethe Muslim League 1905 1905 partition of Bengal partition of Bengal based onbased on religions and languages. religions and languages.

1906 1906 creation of the Muslim creation of the Muslim League. League.

Mohammed Ali JinnahMohammed Ali Jinnah

1876 - 19481876 - 1948Leader of India’s Muslim League

Young Mohandas K. Young Mohandas K. Gandhi, Gandhi,

18761876

1869 - 19481869 - 1948

Gandhi as a Young Gandhi as a Young Barrister in NatalBarrister in Natal

Gandhi as a Lawyer Gandhi as a Lawyer in in

Johannesburg, So. Johannesburg, So. AfricaAfrica

Gandhi and His Gandhi and His Wife, Kasturba, Wife, Kasturba,

19151915

Leader of the Quit India Movement(Independence Movement)

Amritsar Massacre, Amritsar Massacre, 19191919

379 dead; over 1200 wounded!379 dead; over 1200 wounded!British troops open fire on Indian protestors within an open air market

Salt March, 1930Salt March, 1930

MakingMakingSaltSalt

• Non-violent protest against British salt monopoly and campaign of tax resistance

• 80,000 Indians (plus Gandhi) are jailed• Failed to gain British concessions• Gained worldwide news coverage

Gandhi spinning Gandhi spinning clothcloth

Indian weaving was ruined Indian weaving was ruined by the competition of by the competition of British machine-made British machine-made

textiles!textiles!

Gandhi and His Gandhi and His Grandaughters, Grandaughters,

19471947

Mohandas Gandhi’s Quit India Movement wanted the British to leave India (as is) immediately!

Muhammad Ali Jinnah, leader of the Indian Muslim League, wanted the British to divide India in two and leave.

Last Viceroy of India Last Viceroy of India

Lord Louis & Lady Edwina Lord Louis & Lady Edwina MontbattenMontbatten

Lord Louis & Lady Edwina Lord Louis & Lady Edwina MontbattenMontbatten

PartitionPartition!!

August 1947: Great Britain divides India in two:

- India- West & East Pakistan

Outcomes of Outcomes of Partition!Partition!

• displacement of 12.5 million people (Hindu & Muslims)

• January 30, 1948 Gandhi is assassinated by a Hindu nationalist