THE BRITISH CIVIL WARTHE BRITISH CIVIL WAR

Why is Parliament in charge?Why is Parliament in charge?

Henry VIII wanted to divorce Catherine.Henry VIII wanted to divorce Catherine.She was Catholic and related to an advisor to She was Catholic and related to an advisor to the Pope. the Pope. The Pope said “No” to the divorce.The Pope said “No” to the divorce.Henry VIII formed his own Church:Henry VIII formed his own Church:The Church of England and granted himself a The Church of England and granted himself a divorce.divorce.Henry VIII gave Parliament control of the Henry VIII gave Parliament control of the Country’s finances in return for them approving Country’s finances in return for them approving the Church of England and his divorce.the Church of England and his divorce.

After Henry VIIIAfter Henry VIII

Henry VIII had three Henry VIII had three Children:Children:Mary with Catherine Mary with Catherine (Wife #1)(Catholic)(Wife #1)(Catholic)Elizabeth with Anne Elizabeth with Anne (Wife #2) (Church of (Wife #2) (Church of England)England)Edward with Jane Edward with Jane Seymore (Wife #3) Seymore (Wife #3) (Church of England)(Church of England)

Henry VIII Dies, then…Henry VIII Dies, then…

Following Henry VIII’s death in 1547:Following Henry VIII’s death in 1547:

Edward VI becomes King. He Dies in 1553.Edward VI becomes King. He Dies in 1553.

Mary I becomes Queen in 1553 until she died in Mary I becomes Queen in 1553 until she died in 1558.1558.

Elizabeth I becomes Queen in 1558 until 1603 Elizabeth I becomes Queen in 1558 until 1603 when she dies without an heirwhen she dies without an heir

James I becomes King in 1603. He was a James I becomes King in 1603. He was a relative of Henry VII, father of Henry VIII who relative of Henry VII, father of Henry VIII who was Elizabeth’s father.was Elizabeth’s father.

STEWART RULESTEWART RULEJames I takes the throne and is a believer in James I takes the throne and is a believer in

the Divine Right of Kings.the Divine Right of Kings.

Remember that because of Henry VIII’s move Remember that because of Henry VIII’s move away from the Catholic Church, Parliament away from the Catholic Church, Parliament controls the finances of the Country.controls the finances of the Country.

Due to “Bloody” Mary’s rule in Parliament are Due to “Bloody” Mary’s rule in Parliament are “Puritans” wanting to purify England of “Puritans” wanting to purify England of anything Catholic.anything Catholic.

James I asks for money and is rejected by James I asks for money and is rejected by Parliament. To get around Parliament he Parliament. To get around Parliament he sold titles of nobility for money.sold titles of nobility for money.

He dies peacefully in 1625. He dies peacefully in 1625.

What religion are most members of What religion are most members of ParliamentParliament

1.1. CatholicCatholic

2.2. JewishJewish

3.3. PuritansPuritans

4.4. Not religiousNot religious

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414 1515 1616 1717 1818 1919 2020

2121 2222 2323 2424 2525 2626 2727 2828 2929 3030

What is the primary conflict What is the primary conflict between the King and Parliamentbetween the King and Parliament

1.1. ReligionReligion

2.2. MoneyMoney

3.3. Court EtiquetteCourt Etiquette

4.4. International International RelationsRelations

Which King are we talking about?Which King are we talking about?

1.1. Charles ICharles I

2.2. James IJames I

3.3. Oliver CromwellOliver Cromwell

4.4. William and MaryWilliam and Mary

5.5. James IIJames II

6.6. George IGeorge I

STEWART RULE IISTEWART RULE II

Charles I Charles I – takes the throne in 1625. takes the throne in 1625. – He disbands Parliament because they He disbands Parliament because they

won’t give him the money he wants to go to won’t give him the money he wants to go to war with Spain and France.war with Spain and France.

He attempts to get Nobles to “loan” the govt. He attempts to get Nobles to “loan” the govt. money.money.He forces people to house troops at their own He forces people to house troops at their own expense.expense.

– Has to re-convene Parliament in 1628Has to re-convene Parliament in 1628

Which of the following is not a cost Which of the following is not a cost saving measure used by the King?saving measure used by the King?

1.1. No more warsNo more wars

2.2. ““borrow” money from borrow” money from NoblesNobles

3.3. Soldiers housed at Soldiers housed at owners expenseowners expense

4.4. Put areas under Put areas under marshal or military marshal or military lawlaw

Parliament’s Pretty UnhappyParliament’s Pretty Unhappy

When Parliament is called back into session they pass When Parliament is called back into session they pass the the Petition of Right (1628)Petition of Right (1628)::– 1. The king cannot collect taxes or force loans without 1. The king cannot collect taxes or force loans without

Parliament’s consent.Parliament’s consent.– 2. The king could not imprison anyone without just cause2. The king could not imprison anyone without just cause– 3. Troops could not be housed against the will of the house’s 3. Troops could not be housed against the will of the house’s

owner.owner.– 4. The king could not declare martial law unless the country was 4. The king could not declare martial law unless the country was

at war.at war.

The king ignored the Petition of Right The king ignored the Petition of Right and disbanded the Parliament and and disbanded the Parliament and vowed never to reinstate them. vowed never to reinstate them.

Why did the King reject the Petition Why did the King reject the Petition of Right?of Right?

1.1. He suggested a He suggested a better way of raising better way of raising money.money.

2.2. He thought the King He thought the King should have all the should have all the powerpower

3.3. He didn’t and He didn’t and followed it’s rules.followed it’s rules.

4.4. He was Catholic and He was Catholic and thought the Church thought the Church was more important.was more important.

THE SHORT OF ITTHE SHORT OF IT

The King persecutes Puritans. They couldn’t preach or The King persecutes Puritans. They couldn’t preach or publish. He had their books burned and publically publish. He had their books burned and publically whipped outspoken and they leave for America.whipped outspoken and they leave for America.England is invaded by the Scots because of the English England is invaded by the Scots because of the English attempts to force Church of England’s prayer book on attempts to force Church of England’s prayer book on them.them.To defend the country the King recalls the Parliament. To defend the country the King recalls the Parliament. They will not do what he wants. He disbands them after They will not do what he wants. He disbands them after three weeks. This is called the SHORT PARLIAMENTthree weeks. This is called the SHORT PARLIAMENTRealizing he needs Parliament, the King is forced to Realizing he needs Parliament, the King is forced to recall them. recall them. This is becomes known as the LONG PARLIAMENT and This is becomes known as the LONG PARLIAMENT and they wanted to decrease the power of the King.they wanted to decrease the power of the King.

TT

What causes the King to recall the What causes the King to recall the Parliament?Parliament?

1.1. The King changed his The King changed his mindmind

2.2. The Scots invadedThe Scots invaded3.3. Parliament recalled the Parliament recalled the

KingKing4.4. Germany declared war Germany declared war

on Englandon England

THE LONG OF ITTHE LONG OF IT

MAIN OBJECTIVE OF PARLIAMENT: MAIN OBJECTIVE OF PARLIAMENT: – To take away the King’s power.To take away the King’s power.– The British Civil War becomes military pitting The British Civil War becomes military pitting

the Cavaliers vs. Roundheads for 4 yearsthe Cavaliers vs. Roundheads for 4 yearsRoundheads win:Roundheads win:

Executes Charles I in 1649.Executes Charles I in 1649.Oliver CromwellOliver Cromwell leads the Country until his leads the Country until his death. His son takes control for one year.death. His son takes control for one year.

Who supports the Parliament?Who supports the Parliament?

1.1. The RoundheadsThe Roundheads

2.2. The CavaliersThe Cavaliers

3.3. The WhigsThe Whigs

4.4. The ToriesThe Tories

RESTORATIONRESTORATION

CHARLES IICHARLES II– Cavalier Parliament pass Clarendon CodeCavalier Parliament pass Clarendon Code

Church of England is the official Church of CountryChurch of England is the official Church of Country

Only Anglicans can attend universities or serve in Only Anglicans can attend universities or serve in Parliament.Parliament.

Forces King to follow the powers of the king outlined Forces King to follow the powers of the king outlined in the Constitution.in the Constitution.

The Claredon Code doesn’t The Claredon Code doesn’t reinforce which of the following?reinforce which of the following?

1.1. Catholics are not Catholics are not powerful in Englandpowerful in England

2.2. The power of the The power of the Anglican ChurchAnglican Church

3.3. The control of the The control of the King over ParliamentKing over Parliament

4.4. The Government of The Government of England is connected England is connected to the Church of to the Church of EnglandEngland

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION IGLORIOUS REVOLUTION I

Exclusion Bill (1679)Exclusion Bill (1679)– Parliament wanted to keep James II from Parliament wanted to keep James II from

taking throne. Divided Whig and Torytaking throne. Divided Whig and Tory– Tories defeat Exclusion Bill but must accept Tories defeat Exclusion Bill but must accept

the right of Habeas Corpus:the right of Habeas Corpus:Made it illegal for the king or any government to Made it illegal for the king or any government to hold anyone without just cause or without trial, hold anyone without just cause or without trial, This increased the rights of the individual and This increased the rights of the individual and decreasing the rights of the king.decreasing the rights of the king.

James II takes the throneJames II takes the throne

Which of the following is False?Which of the following is False?

1.1. The Exclusion Bill The Exclusion Bill passed Parliamentpassed Parliament

2.2. The two sides of the Bill The two sides of the Bill were the Whigs and were the Whigs and ToriesTories

3.3. The Exclusion Bill would The Exclusion Bill would have allowed Catholics have allowed Catholics to take the Throneto take the Throne

4.4. The Habeas Corpus The Habeas Corpus principal was the principal was the compromise of this Bill’s compromise of this Bill’s outcomeoutcome

James’ Big MistakeJames’ Big Mistake

He becomes Catholic and demands Absolute PowerHe becomes Catholic and demands Absolute PowerHis daughter from his first marriage is Mary, who is His daughter from his first marriage is Mary, who is Protestant and married to William who is the ruler of the Protestant and married to William who is the ruler of the Netherlands.Netherlands.His second wife has a son, who James II says will be His second wife has a son, who James II says will be Catholic. Catholic. Parliament encourages William and Mary to attack Parliament encourages William and Mary to attack James II who has no support.James II who has no support.The switch is made quickly: The switch is made quickly: – James II is out James II is out – William and Mary take the throneWilliam and Mary take the throne– This is known as the Glorious RevolutionThis is known as the Glorious Revolution

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION IIGLORIOUS REVOLUTION II

Under the rule of WILLIAM AND MARY the Under the rule of WILLIAM AND MARY the following pass:following pass:BILL OF RIGHTS:BILL OF RIGHTS:

Trial by JuryTrial by JuryOutlawed cruel and unusual punishmentOutlawed cruel and unusual punishmentLimitation on the amount of bailLimitation on the amount of bailAbility to appeal to the king by ordinary citizens Ability to appeal to the king by ordinary citizens

ACT OF SETTLEMENT:ACT OF SETTLEMENT:Banned Catholics from ever taking the ThroneBanned Catholics from ever taking the ThroneCatholics of Ireland were forbidden from governing Catholics of Ireland were forbidden from governing themselves. themselves.

The Glorious Revolution was:The Glorious Revolution was:

1.1. A war between A war between France and EnglandFrance and England

2.2. A reinstatment of the A reinstatment of the King on the throneKing on the throne

3.3. The installment of a The installment of a foreigner and his foreigner and his wife to the throne of wife to the throne of EnglandEngland

4.4. A triumph of A triumph of Catholics in the Catholics in the Royal house of Royal house of Stewart.Stewart.

Which of the following did William Which of the following did William and Mary not approve?and Mary not approve?

1.1. A law which added A law which added more individual more individual rightsrights

2.2. A law which forbade A law which forbade Catholics from taking Catholics from taking the thronethe throne

3.3. A law which brought A law which brought together Scotland together Scotland and Irelandand Ireland

4.4. The Bill of RightThe Bill of Right5.5. The Act of The Act of

SettlementSettlement

Start of the American RevolutionStart of the American Revolution

ANNEANNE– Act of Union brings together Scotland and Act of Union brings together Scotland and

England into England into Great BritainGreat Britain

GEORGE, GEORGE, GEORGEGEORGE, GEORGE, GEORGE– George III. George III.

Grows the empire. Takes much of France’s Grows the empire. Takes much of France’s holdings in America.holdings in America.

Attempts to pay for the French and Indian War with Attempts to pay for the French and Indian War with Colonial money.Colonial money.