THE BRITISH CIVIL WAR

Why is Parliament in charge?(don’t have to write this…

background)Henry VIII – king of England. He wanted to divorce his Catholic Wife.The Pope said “No” to the divorce.Henry VIII formed his own Church:The Church of England

Henry VIII gave Parliament control of the Country’s finances in return for them approving the Church of England and his divorce.

6 wives.Henry VIII’s Children:

Mary “Bloody Mary”with Catherine (Wife #1)(Catholic)Elizabeth (Wife #2) (Church of England)Edward (Wife #3) (Church of England)

Henry VIII Dies, then…

Following Henry VIII’s death in 1547:Edward VI becomes King. He Dies in 1553.Mary I becomes Queen in 1553 until she died in 1558.Elizabeth I becomes Queen in 1558 until 1603 when she dies without an heirJames I becomes King in 1603. He was a relative of Henry VII, father of Henry VIII who was Elizabeth’s father.

STEWART RULEBecause of Henry VIII’s separated from the

Catholic Church, Parliament controls the finances of the Country.

Due to “Bloody” Mary’s rule in Parliament, “Puritans” want to purify England of anything Catholic.

James I takes the throne and is a believer in the Divine Right of Kings.

James I asks for money and is rejected by Parliament. To get around Parliament he sold titles of nobility for money.

He dies peacefully in 1625.

Charles I

Charles I (Divine Right of Kings)– He disbands Parliament because they

won’t give him the money he wants to go to war with Spain and France.

He attempts to get Nobles to “loan” the govt. money, put them in jail if they refused.He forces people to house troops at their own expense.

Which of the following is not a cost saving measure used by the King?

1. No more wars2. “borrow” money from

Nobles3. Soldiers housed at

owners expense4. Put areas under

marshal or military law

Parliament’s Pretty UnhappyWhen Parliament is called back into session they pass the Petition of Right (1628):– 1. The king cannot collect taxes without Parliament’s consent.– 2. The king could not declare martial law unless the country was

at war.– 3. Troops could not be housed against the will of the house’s

owner.– 4. The king could not imprison anyone without just cause

The king ignored the Petition of Right and disbanded (11 years ruling by himself ) Parliament and vowed never to reinstate them.

Why did the King reject the Petition of Right?

1. He suggested a better way of raising money.

2. He thought the King should have all the power

3. He didn’t and followed it’s rules.

4. He was Catholic and thought the Church was more important.

THE SHORT OF ITKing Charles persecutes Puritans. He had their books burned and publically whipped outspoken people – Where did these Scotts go?

England invades Scotland because of because the Scottish are not obeying the KingWhat is needed to go to war?– Charles needs more $ to stop the rebellion, Charles calls

Parliament into session. They will not do what he wants. He disbands them after three weeks. This is called the SHORT PARLIAMENT

– The Scottish defeat Charles again (in England)Why would this be a problem?

T

Charles freaks out and is forced to recall Parliament to get $. This is known as the LONG PARLIAMENT and they wanted to decrease the power of the King.– Long Parliament- met on and off for 20 years (when it fit the

king)– Kings ability to dissolve (send parliament home) is ended

Parliament must meet every 3 years

What causes the King to recall the Parliament?

1. The King changed his mind

2. The Scots invaded3. Parliament recalled the

King4. Germany declared war

on England

Charles Vs Cromwell

Irish rebel (land taken and given to British, Irish work land as tenant farmers)– Parliament says they will command the army

Charles says no way, I got this (arrests his opponents)Civil War!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Objective of Civil War– To take away the King’s power.– The British Civil War

Cavaliers (kings side) vs. Roundheads (Puritans against king) Cromwell is a Roundhead = winner!!!:

Protectorate Time– Executes Charles I in 1649.–Oliver Cromwell leads the Country until his

death. (his destiny to lead country)– Stopped people from challenging his authority– Tried to create a constitution twice– Stayed in power with: $ from supporters,

strong army, no opponents– Foreign relations: not good Navigation Act of

1651– War w/ Dutch

– Then End… for now!!!!

Who supports the Parliament?

1. The Roundheads *2. The Cavaliers3. The Whigs4. The Tories

RESTORATION

CHARLES II– Cavalier Parliament pass Clarendon Code

Church of England is the official Church of CountryOnly Anglicans can attend universities or serve in Parliament.Forces King to follow the powers of the king outlined in the Constitution.

The Claredon Code doesn’t reinforce which of the following?

1. Catholics are not powerful in England

2. The power of the Anglican Church

3. The control of the King over Parliament

4. The Government of England is connected to the Church of England

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION I

Exclusion Bill (1679)– Parliament wanted to keep James II from

taking throne. Divided Whig and Tory– Tories defeat Exclusion Bill but must accept

the right of Habeas Corpus:Made it illegal for the king or any government to hold anyone without just cause or without trial, This increased the rights of the individual and decreasing the rights of the king.

James II takes the throne

Which of the following is False?1. The Exclusion Bill

passed Parliament2. The two sides of the Bill

were the Whigs and Tories

3. The Exclusion Bill would have allowed Catholics to take the Throne

4. The Habeas Corpus principal was the compromise of this Bill’s outcome

James’ Big MistakeHe becomes Catholic and demands Absolute PowerHis daughter from his first marriage is Mary, who is Protestant and married to William who is the ruler of the Netherlands.His second wife has a son, who James II says will be Catholic. Parliament encourages William and Mary to attack James II who has no support.The switch is made quickly: – James II is out – William and Mary take the throne– This is known as the Glorious Revolution

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION IIUnder the rule of WILLIAM AND MARY the following pass:BILL OF RIGHTS:

Trial by JuryOutlawed cruel and unusual punishmentLimitation on the amount of bailAbility to appeal to the king by ordinary citizens

ACT OF SETTLEMENT:Banned Catholics from ever taking the ThroneCatholics of Ireland were forbidden from governing themselves.

The Glorious Revolution was:1. A war between

France and England2. A reinstatment of the

King on the throne3. The installment of a

foreigner and his wife to the throne of England

4. A triumph of Catholics in the Royal house of Stewart.

Which of the following did William and Mary not approve?

1. A law which added more individual rights

2. A law which forbade Catholics from taking the throne

3. A law which brought together Scotland and Ireland

4. The Bill of Right5. The Act of

Settlement

Start of the American Revolution

ANNE– Act of Union brings together Scotland and

England into Great Britain GEORGE, GEORGE, GEORGE– George III.

Grows the empire. Takes much of France’s holdings in America.Attempts to pay for the French and Indian War with Colonial money.