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The Brain and SoulV.S. Ramachandran
Center for Brain and CognitionUniversity of California, San Diego
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Soul•Metaphysical Questions
•The Self
Self
1) Embodiment*2) Continuity
3) Agency4) Unity/Coherence
5) Privacy*6) Self-Awareness
Apotemnophilia / Xenomelia
Chan et al., 2007
Phantom Limb Pain
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
DeBlasis et al., 2009
RSD Pain
Mirror Visual Feedback (MVF)Virtual Reality
1. Phantom PainImmediateLong Lasting
2. CRPS or RSD3. Stroke4. Hand Rehab5. Trigeminal Neuralgia
•Rizzolatti et al, 2007
Mirror Neurons
Phantom Massage
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Out-of-Body Experience
1. Frontal Damage 2. REM Sleep
OCD
• Vicarious Relief through activating Mirror-Neuron System
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Synesthesia
V.S. RamachandranEd Hubbard
David Brang
Proof That It’s Sensory
1) Segregation and Popout2) Colorblind Synesthete3) Martian Colors4) Blindsight5) Phenomenology – Illusory Contours6) Imaging
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Number Line (Galton)
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Calendar Line
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Team Members associated with this research:
• David Brang, Ed Hubbard, Eric Altschuler, Roland Lee, Mingxiong Huang, Paul McGeoch, Nicholas Root, Elizabeth Seckel, Chaipat Chunharchas, Baland Jalal, and Zeve Marcus.