The Berlin Waste Management and City Cleaning … › sites › default › files › bmas_resch...BSR is 100% owned by the State of Berlin and as a public legal entity it is organized

The Berlin Waste Management and City Cleaning

Company (BSR) – Strategy and Sustainability

Michael Resch

Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS), Italian CSR study visit to Berlin, February 19th 2014

Sustainability in the EU

Abt. VBS, M. Resch BSR: Strategy and Sustainability 2

EU Sustainable Development Strategy focus on:

Climate change and clean energy

Sustainable transport

Sustainable consumption & production

Conservation and management of natural resources

Public Health

Social inclusion, demography and migration

Global poverty and sustainable development

challenges

The European Commission's definition of Corporate

Social Responsibility (CSR) is:

"A concept whereby companies integrate social and

environmental concerns in their business operations

and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a

voluntary basis.”

Sustainable Development


… stands for meeting the needs of present generations

without jeopardizing the ability of futures generations

to meet their own needs.

… offers a vision of progress that integrates immediate

and longer-term objectives, local and global action,

and regards social, economic and environmental

issues as inseparable and interdependent

components of human progress.

… will not be brought about by policies only: it must be

taken up by society at large as a principle guiding the

many choices each citizen makes every day, as well

as the big political and economic decisions that have.

… requires profound changes in thinking, in economic

and social structures and in consumption and

production patterns.

Local Authorities and (their) Public Infrastructure

Companies (can) go ahead!

Infrastructure and Sustainability


Infrastructure companies are large consumers of the

environment and big users of energy. Some produce

energy – e.g. waste to energy.

If they act responsible they have large effect on their

environmental impacts and can e.g. reduce their carbon

footprint.

In many cases infrastructure companies belong to the

government of their region or are at least influenced by

government´s contracting policies.

Public procurement can – and should! - influence the

development towards sustainability by integrating

ecological criteria into their acceptance of tender.

Sustainability means…


in the social field:

Investments in health and

employability

Instruments for Work Life Balance

Integration of disabled employees

Investment in training

Team building,

Client orientation, efficiency

Instruments to deal with the

demographic change

Sustainability means…


in the field of ecology:

Efficient Waste Management

Energy Efficiency

Engineering of building services

Usage of renewable energy

Low-emission vehicles

Ecological Accounting, new

parameters!

Sustainability is well-anchored in the fundamental pillars of our strategy


The City of Berlin

is intrusting us furtheron with

the sole responsibility to the collection, treatment and

disposal of waste as well as street cleaning and winter road maintenance

Guaranteeing low charges and rate stability

Development and

Improvement of the

environmental profile

Meeting the standards of

social responsibility for

all employees and

the State of Berlin

Guaranteeing high

quality of performance

The fundamental pillars of our strategy


The City of Berlin





Development and

Improvement of the




all employees and

the State of Berlin

Guaranteeing high


Type of Company and Mandate of the BSR

BSR is 100% owned by the State of Berlin and as a public legal entity it is organized

like a public limited company (management board, supervisory board) since 1994.

BSR is commissioned to perform sovereign tasks of the State of Berlin.

Refuse collection (residual waste, organic waste) and waste treatment

(incineration plants, mechanical physical stabilisation plants)

Street cleaning, snow removal and gritting

BSR is financed though fees when fulfilling the responsibilities of public

administration. In this case the generation of profits is strictly ruled out.

Fees are calculated according to the principles of cost coverage Fee payers

are directly benefitting from decreasing costs as their fees are reduced.

BSR is allowed to also operate commercially (though subsidiaries), which in the

broader sense is also part of their range of tasks.


(Partly owned) Subisidiaries


Treatment of street waste,

building waste and

contaminated soil

Cleaning of mineral waste

Waste disposal management

and project support

2012 Revenue: EUR 12.0 m

21 employees

Recycling of old refrigeration

units and electronic scrap

Collection and disposal of

catering and food waste

Coordination of organic

waste recycling by BSR


47 employees

Berlin Recycling GmbH (100% BSR)

gbav GmbH (51% BSR)

BRAL GmbH (50% BSR)

Collection and transport of

paper, cardboard, glass and

mixed urban waste from

private households and trade

Recycling of waste and

recyclables

Processing of hazardous

waste


258 employees

In July 2000 BSR and the State of Berlin concluded a Target Agreement – Citizens as well as the Employees had great Benefits


Berlin Citizens:

Lowering of charges for cleaning and waste

management by 10% until 2003

Future guarantee of low charges and rate

stability

Guarantee of a high quality of service;

enhancement of customer focus

State of Berlin (Owner):

Contribution to the consolidation of the

budget through a one-off payment to

the State of Berlin amounting to approx.

€ 412 Mio.

Safeguarding the future through

enhancement of efficiency and thus the

competitive capacity

The State of Berlin continues ownership Employees:

Assurance of labour agreement, no

termination of employment for

operational reasons; applicable to all

employees of BSR who were

employees before Oct, 1 2006

Safeguarding the tasks of BSR and

thus jobs in the long term

During the last Years, BSR has undergone a successful Transformation Process


1992

Fusion of the two city

cleaning services of

East and West Berlin

2000

Conclusion of Target Agreement between

BSR and the State of Berlin i.a. a one-off

payment to the State of Berlin amounting

to approx. EUR 412 Mio.

1994

Transformation of the legal or-

ganisational form from owner-

operated municipal enterprise

to a public legal entity

1994 2000 2001 1992

2006

Strategy

Update

2001 – 2012

Efficiency Enhancement Programmes I-IV (3 years each)

Total cost reduction: approx. € 180 Mio.

Total reduction of human resources: approx. 2,750 full-time positions

2014 2006

Revenue and Employee Growth BSR 2000-2012


*TASI/AbfAblV coming into effect from 1 June 05

Sales Revenue (BSR) Full-time employees (BSR)

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Nu

mb

er o

f Em

ply

ee

s

Tu

rno

ve

r in

m E

uro



The City of Berlin





Development and

Improvement of the




all employees and

the State of Berlin

Guaranteeing high


Costs for Waste Collection vs. Service Charges of

an Appartement with 70 m2 in Berlin


sonstige "warme" Betriebskosten

Warmwasser

Heizung

sonstige "kalte" Betriebskosten

Antenne / Kabelanschluss

Sach- und Haftpflichtversicherung

Schornsteinreinigung

Beleuchtung (Allgemeinstrom)

Gartenpflege

Schneebeseitigung

Hausmeister / Hauswart

Aufzug

Wasserversorgung

Grundsteuer

Straßenreinigung

Müllbeseitigung

Niederschlagswasser

Entwässerung

Gebäudereinigung/Ungezieferbeseitigung

Berlin Household pay

approx. 113 € on average

per year for the collection

and treatment of Municipal

Solid Waste.

The annual service

charges added to the rent

amount approx. 2.100 €.

Waste Management Fees

represent approx. 5% of

these costs.

2003

2011

1) Quelle: Berliner Betriebskostenübersicht für die Jahre 2003 und 2011 der Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung

2) die „kalten“ Betriebskosten betrugen in 2011 1,43 €, die „warmen“ 1,09 €/m2. Der Wert in Klammern ergibt sich aus der Summierung der Einzelpositionen

der abgebildeten Tabelle. In der Praxis fallen allerdings nicht immer alle Betriebskostenarten an.

Financing Waste Management (and Street Cleaning)


Costs may be either paid from the general municipal budget or are

passed on to the citizens through a local waste tax or through user

charges for waste management services

Only a few countries (Austria, Germany, Poland) do not levy general taxes or waste

resp. Street cleaning taxes. Within Germany some cities demand fees that consist

of one part that depends on the size and collection / emptying frequency of a bin that

is complemented by a basis charge per household, per person or per kilogramm.

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The Comparison between the largest German Cities, Berlin is ranking at the Top




The City of Berlin





Development and

Improvement of the




all employees and

the State of Berlin

Guaranteeing high


Performance Data of Refuse Collection ~ 1,510 employees and ~ 400 vehicles


Collection of household and commercial waste (approx.

18.1 million collections per annum, from approx. 341,000

waste containers)

Collection of recyclables (approx. 0.7 million emptyings of

about 40,000 waste containers)

Collection of organic waste (approx. 3.2 million collections

per annum, from approx. 83,000 waste containers)

15 recycling depots taking on approx. 20 types of recycling

materials and approx. 30 pollutants

Collection of approx. 10,850 tons of bulky waste

Other, e.g. 350,000 collected and recycled Christmas trees

Citizens are provided with city-specific and widely differenciated collection systems


grey bins for MSW – sizes: 60, 80, 90, 120, 240

360, 500, 550, 660, 770, 1.100 l

brown or green bins for biological / organic waste

– sizes 60, 80, 120, 240 and 1.100 l

blue bins for paper or cardboard – sizes 240 l or

1.100 l)

yellow bins or sacs for lightweight packaging

(metals, plastics, paper, composites such as milk

or juice cartons, plastic bottles or cans)

Bulky Waste Collection by BSR: “You clean up - we collect”


~ 61,200 customer contacts p.a.

~ 10,850 tons of bulky waste p.a.

~ 223,000 m3 collection volume p.a.

Household clearances (with well-swept

service on request)

Full service free of charge

Express service; collection within 24 hours

Disassembly service

Combined tour with collection of scrap

electronics from 01/2011 only in combination

with the collection of bulky waste

Neighbourhood furniture swap parties

Collection tour at housing associations incl.

of scrap electronics

15 Recycling Centres across the whole of Berlin with 6 Collection Points for Pollutants


Recycling-Centre with Collection

Point for Pollutants

BSR provides 15 Recycling Centres in Berlin for the separate Collection of recyclable Materials


[all figures in tons]

~ 2.2 million visits by clients ...

~ 138,000 tons total volume of waste

~ 600,000 leaf bags (sold)

Type of Waste Quantity

scrap tyres 437

scrap carpets 2,224

scrap textiles 2,642

tree and shrub brashings 1,361

electronic scrap 13,568

tiles and ceramics 2,042

glass 1,467

wood 52,226

lightweight packaging 1,029

paper 10,609

residual waste 2,162

pollutants 2,769

scrap metal 7,988

bulky waste 26,830

total 137,128

leaf disposal bags 9,774

Separate Collection of recyclable Material could be increased significantly in Berlin over the past Years


1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Recyclable waste that is collected separately

Street cleaning waste

Commercial Waste

Bulky Waste from households

Household waste and waste from small business

City Cleaning: Seasonal Challenges


Spring Summer

Winter Autumn

Guaranteeing Cleanliness through state-of-the-art Technology - Performance Data of Cleaning Dept. ~ 2,124 employees and ~ 820 vehicles -


Cleaning of streets and pavements (approx. 1.5 million

kilometres)

approx. 5.7 million waste basket collections

approx. approx. 209,000 gully clean-ups

Collection of approx. approx. 102,000 m3 leaves

Removal of illegal debris ( convoy of container trucks

with a length of more than 7 kilometres / 4.3 miles)

Snow removal and gritting ( more than 18,000

crossroads, the length of roads covered matches the

distance of 5 times Berlin - Moscow, GPS navigation

and data recording)

Vehicle Fleet - Performance Data ~ 242 workers, ~ 80 employees, ~ 1,623 vehicles


Vehicles

Refuse collection vehicles

Organic waste collection vehicles

(Large, middle and small) Road sweepers

Suction excavators

Street washers

Rubbish collection vehicles

Unimogs (with leaf suction mechanism)

~ 274,000 maintenance hours p.a.

2 main maintenance workshops

Marzahn, Nordring 5

Tempelhof, Ringbahnstraße 96

12 workshops located at the regional

centres



The City of Berlin





Development and

Improvement of the




all employees and

the State of Berlin

Guaranteeing high


Utilisation of energy contained in the waste in the treatment plants of BSR (2012)


Waste-to-Energy-Plant

Ruhleben

3 landfills with

cogeneration plants

2 mechanical physical

stabilisation plants

Treatment plant for scrap

wood and bulky waste

Production of Steam:

~ 1.1 Mio. tons p.a.

Recovering of Landfill gas:

~ 40 Mio. m3/a

Substitution of fuel:

~ 160,000 tons p.a.

Substitution of fuel:

~ 50,000 tons p.a.

~ 188 GW hours of power

~ 534 GW hours district heating

~ 77 GW hours of power

~ 43 GW hours district heating

~ 635 GW hours of energy ~ 115 GW hours of energy

covers the energy requirement of ~ 100,000 households

and the district heating requirement of ~ 34,000 households

Energetic optimisation of Waste Incineration Plant Ruhleben


Start-up of a new, highly efficient incineration line

Energy efficiency of 85% and a recycling status compliant with the European Waste

Substances Directive

Ecological orientation of the BSR Car pool


Vehicles are low-emission

We use 100 garbage trucks with CNG today, from next

year on we will use our own bio gas for the whole fleet of

150 trucks that we produce from bio waste

We just now test the world´s first garbage truck with fuel

cell (hydrogen)

(with Daimler) Test a hybrid garbage truck (electro/Diesel)

Change-over to e-mobility with the first passenger cars

Biofuel – a sustainable alternative?


At first glance:

The CO2 released into the atmosphere when biodiesel is burned,

is recycled by growing plants, which are later processed into fuel.

A study by the US Department of Energy and the US Department

of Agriculture concluded biodiesel reduces net CO2 emissions by

78 percent compared to petroleum diesel. This is due to biodiesel’s

closed carbon cycle.

But:

If „energy plants“ are being grown on a former forest, rain forest

or swamp, emissions are higher when you look at the whole

process. For instance palm oil: This fuel is 2,5 times more harm-

ful to the climate than diesel from mineral oil if rainforest has

been cleared for those palm trees (Öko-Institut, Freiburg).

But if they grow on former grassland the climate balance is

much better.

A similar analysis is possible for other plants used for

fuel production like sugarcane.

New Bio Fermentation Plant


Input: 60.000 t/a organic waste

Biogas production: approx. 32,000 MWh/a

Substitution of Diesel: 2.5 million litres/a

Sustainability Award in 2012: BSR finished 3rd. in the German

Sustainability Award

Organic

Waste

Plants and agricultural

products

Compost

Insertion

Preparation

of Digestate

Supply to

Gardening and Landscaping Companies

Fuelling own

Vehicle Fleet

Feeding into

Gas Grid

Biogas

Preparation of Biogas

Preparation of

Organic Waste

Organic Waste

Collection

Fermentation

Concept of Organic Waste Fermentation


Energy-efficient Buildings


Use of solar energy

More than 3.700 m² collectors

installed,

CO2 reduction of 150 Mg/a

Modern heating systems / thermal

shielding at 44 locations

CO2 reduction of 1.500 Mg per year

The five Pillars of the BSR Energy Strategy


Selected Examples for practical Implementation


Real Estate Efficient use of the area

Use of innovative building systems

Processes Red. of energy consumption & incr. energy efficiency

Expansion of the energy production

Traffic Optimise route planning

Use of innovative propulsion technology

Plants Energy-optimised plant portfolio

Expansion of the energy production activities

Renewable

Energy

Expansion of renewable energies

Concentration & expansion of commercial exploitation

Further Expansion of Renewable Energies


Expansion of photovoltaic plants in Berlin

Entering the world of wind energy plants

Transformation of redevelopment sites (e.g.

landfills) into energy centres (photovoltaics,

wind energy and biogas)

Utilisation of waste heat of technical facilities

for power generation

Expansion of carbon neutral concepts for heat

supply, e.g. through the use of bio mass

Expansion of renewable energies for the use

in buildings/building sector

Reduction of CO2 emissions by BSR Mg per year


Emissions could be reduced by 70%

since 1999.

Following actions were taken:

Improvement of Energy Efficiency

Intensified Usage of dump gas

Engineering of building services

Usage of renewable energy

Purchase of Low-emission vehicles



The City of Berlin





Development and

Improvement of the




all employees and

the State of Berlin

Guaranteeing high


BSR´s Social Responsibility


Supporting charitable organisations for children and adolescents („Berliner Tafel“, public recreation center Wuhlheide, „Rote Nasen“, „Stiftung Naturschutz“)

Social incentive activities / projects for orientation and preparation for traineeship e.g. for young people with migration background or with learning difficulties

Further training and continuing education (~9,150 qualification days, approx. 1,300 internal and external seminars

Health and social counselling, prevention, occupational safety (~900 vaccinations, ~1.200 medical examinations, health counseling, psycho-social support and addiction aid, company-facilitated sports activities, ~ 250 work safety instructions)

Supporting the children and youth work of sports clubs and organizations (e.g. Hertha BSC, BFV, 1. FC Union, Füchse)

Employment of staff with disabilities (~ 740 emplo-yees -approx. 14,5%- are disabled resp. not able to fulfill the requested performance standards in waste collection and street cleaning Integration Award 2012)

Traineeships in industrial engineering, in

the commercial sector and academic

degree courses ,each year ~60 trainee-

ships and 10 dual degree training positions

Sustainability is well-anchored in the fundamental pillars of our strategy


The City of Berlin





Development and

Improvement of the




all employees and

the State of Berlin

Guaranteeing high



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The Berlin Waste Management and City Cleaning … › sites › default › files › bmas_resch...BSR is 100% owned by the State of Berlin and as a public legal entity it is organized