Upload
makaio
View
64
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
The Battle of the Little Bighorn. “A good day to die”. The Battle of Little Bighorn. Lesson Objectives To understand the underlying tensions which led to the Battle of Little Bighorn To investigate the events of the Battle and the mistakes made by the American Army. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
The Battle of the Little Bighorn
“A good day to die”
The Battle of Little Bighorn• Lesson Objectives– To understand the underlying tensions which led
to the Battle of Little Bighorn– To investigate the events of the Battle and the
mistakes made by the American Army
The Battle of Little Bighorn• On 25th June 1879 a US army regiment of 600 men
was defeated by a combined 2000 strong force of Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapaho warriors.
• It was the worst defeat of the US army by Indians.
Jack Gladstone: Valley of the Little Bighorn
When watching this video and listening to the lyrics, think about.– What do you think the message of this song is?– What image of the battle does this video depict?
CharactersCrazy Horse
Captain Benteen
SIOUX
Sitting Bull
Lt. Col George Custer
Major Reno
AMERICAN ARMY
Why did a battle occur?
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations• These were special areas• They would receive annual cash
payments from the government and would be taught to be self-sufficient farmers.
• Life was particularly hard fro the Santee Sioux in southern Minnesota
Why did a battle occur?
Chief Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull refused to accept the peace in 1868
Peace was not kept in 1868• The government agreed to withdraw
from the forts.• Under Terms of the Fort Laramie Treaty
the Great Sioux Reservation was created.• No non-Indian settlers were to be
allowed ever to enter this land.• This marked the end for Red Cloud but
many other Sioux who were more militant started to follow Sitting Bull or Crazy Horse.
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations• These were special areas• They would receive annual cash
payments from the government and would be taught to be self-sufficient farmers.
• Life was particularly hard fro the Santee Sioux in southern Minnesota
Why did a battle occur?
Gold was discovered in the Black Hills in 1874
Chief Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull refused to accept the peace in 1868
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations
Peace was not kept in 1868• The government agreed to withdraw
from the forts.• Under Terms of the Fort Laramie Treaty
the Great Sioux Reservation was created.• No non-Indian settlers were to be
allowed ever to enter this land.• This marked the end for Red Cloud but
many other Sioux who were more militant started to follow Sitting Bull or Crazy Horse.
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations• These were special areas• They would receive annual cash
payments from the government and would be taught to be self-sufficient farmers.
• Life was particularly hard fro the Santee Sioux in southern Minnesota
The discovery of Gold• 1874 Custer led an expedition to the
Black Hills of Dakota. • He reported that he discovered gold in
the area. • Custer's story attracted gold hunters and
in April 1876 the mining town of Deadwood was established in the area
Why did a battle occur?
Chief Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull refused to accept the peace in 1868
The Sioux refused to sell their land in the Black Hills.
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations
Peace was not kept in 1868• The government agreed to withdraw
from the forts.• Under Terms of the Fort Laramie Treaty
the Great Sioux Reservation was created.• No non-Indian settlers were to be
allowed ever to enter this land.• This marked the end for Red Cloud but
many other Sioux who were more militant started to follow Sitting Bull or Crazy Horse.
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations• These were special areas• They would receive annual cash
payments from the government and would be taught to be self-sufficient farmers.
• Life was particularly hard fro the Santee Sioux in southern Minnesota
The discovery of Gold• 1874 Custer led an expedition to the
Black Hills of Dakota. • He reported that he discovered gold in
the area. • Custer's story attracted gold hunters and
in April 1876 the mining town of Deadwood was established in the area
The Sioux refused to sell their land• The following year the United States
government attempted to buy the Black Hills for six million dollars.
• The area was considered sacred by the Sioux and they refused to sell.
Why did a battle occur?
Gold was discovered in the Black Hills in 1874
Chief Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull refused to accept the peace in 1868
The Sioux refused to sell their land in the Black Hills.
The government ordered the Sioux into small reservations
ALL CAUSED INCREASED TENSIONS BETWEEN THE SIOUX AND THE AMERICAN ARMY
Tensions begin to rise• 17th May Sioux warriors killed and scalped five
settlers in the Black Hills• Over the next couple of days there were seven
more cases of men being murdered by Sioux
Battle of Rosebud Creek• General George Crook and about 1,000 troops,
supported by 300 Crow and Shoshone, fought against 1,500 members of the Sioux and Cheyenne tribes.
• It was over 15 miles away and Custer was unable to discover the number of warriors the camp contained.
• The battle at Rosebud Creek lasted for over six hours• This was the first time that Native Americans had
united together to fight in such large numbers.• Crook was defeated: he retreated south.
Victorious Crazy Horse• The Victorious Crazy
Horse took his forces to join sitting Bull on the Little Big Horn, creating a combined force of over 2000 warriors.
• The remaining two columns led by Terry and Gibbon met at the Yellowstone river.
Terry and Gibbon meet
General Crook, Gibbon and Terry
• Terry correctly guessed that the Sioux were camped in the Big Horn Valley and wanted a two-pronged attack to trap the Sioux in their camp
• He needed one army to attack from the north and one from the south
The ‘Two Pronged Attack’
The forces split again• After the forces had met,
General Terry again divided his forces
• Custer who was attacking the Sioux from the south disobeyed orders
• Instead of going around the mountains he went through them.
• He arrived a day early and his men and horses were exhausted as they had travelled day and night.
The Battle of the Little Bighorn
• Custer decided to attack despite warnings of his men
• Custer then split his forces further • This was a successful tactic he had used
previously in his career
Major Reno with 125 men to attack Southern camp
Captain Benteen was sent to the south with 125 men.
Captain McDougall took charge of the pack train
Custer took 260 men further north to attack the camp
So what happened to them…?
• Captain Reno and Benteen– Major Reno was the first to charge the village. – When he discovered that the camp was far larger than was
expected he retreated to the other side of the Little Big Horn River.
– He was later joined by Captain Benteen and, although they suffered heavy casualties, they were able to fight off the attack.
– Stopped by the Sioux– They did not follow Custer’s orders as they were under
attack
So what happened to them…?
• Custer– The Sioux and Cheyenne saw Custer's men and swarmed out of the village. – Custer was forced to retreat into the bluffs to the east where he was
attacked by about 4,000 warriors. – It is not clear as there were no survivors– At the battle of the Little Bighorn Custer and all his 231 men were
killed. – This included his two brothers, Tom and Boston, his brother-in-law,
James Calhoun, and his nephew, Autie Reed.– Archaeological excavations and oral accounts indicate that he was
unable to cross the river– His force was totally outnumbered
Task• To create a story board of the Battle of the
Little Bighorn• 6 stages to outline the chronology of events
6 possible stages• 1) Battle of Rosebud Creek• 2) General Crook’s plan• 3) Forces split to attack the camp
from the North and the South• 4) Custers actions- ignoring
orders• 5) Result of Reno and Benteen’s
battle• 6) Result of Custers actions
HomeworkDue: Tuesday 21st NovemberTask: To complete the grid using the information from your story board and the photocopied pages from the text book.
This will prepare you fornext weeks lesson where we will look at who was to Blame.
The actions of:
Custer His subordina
tes(Reno and Benteen)
His superiors(Terry and Sherman)
The Sioux and their
allies
Others
Planning the campaign
During the campaign
On the battlefield
Harry Potter
Emma Watson
Casin
o Ro
yale
Dani
el Cr
aigTwilight
Robert Pattinson
123 4
65 7 8 9
10 1112
131415
16