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The Babylonian’s. Hammurabi was Babylon's most famous king -conquered all of Mesopotamia Created one of worlds 1 st empires “a state in which the ruler also controls other lands Capitol city was Babylon. Hammurabi’s Code. Formed a single uniform code of laws - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Babylonian’s
• Hammurabi was Babylon's most famous king
• -conquered all of Mesopotamia
• Created one of worlds 1st empires “a state in which the ruler also controls other lands
• Capitol city was Babylon
Hammurabi’s Code
• Formed a single uniform code of laws
• Wrote laws on a 8 foot stone column with over 3,500 lines of cuneiform characters
• 282 laws listed
• 88 laws dealt with marriage, family, and property
Three Principles
• 1. Retaliation
• -An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
• 2. Different punishments for class gender
• 3. Government responsibility for society
The Phoenicians
• 1100 B.C. most powerful traders and merchants in the Mediterranean sea
• Centered around area of Lebanon
• Adept sailors set up a system of colonies across the Mediterranean
2 natural resources
• 1. Cedar
• In wide demand for building
• 2. Dye “purple”
• Costly process 1 pound/60,000 snail glands
• The color of royalty and the wealthy
• A. traded for slaves, ivory, cloth, glass, ect.
The Phoenician Alphabet
• Simplified writing from 600 Cuneiform symbols to 22 symbols
• Simplified for keeping business records
• Simplified alphabet increased literacy rates dramatically
• Eventually modified to the alphabet we all use
Judaism
• Settled around common day Palestine around 2,000 B.C.
• Monotheistic: believed in one god
• 1st great leader was Moses who led Jew from slavery with the Egyptians
• Founded the Ten Commandments
•
The Ten Commandments
• A permanent set of religious and moral laws
• Laws formed a covenant or a promise with god. “God would protect the Jews if they, in turn, promised to honor God’s commandments
• High standard of moral conduct
Three Kings
• 1st Saul, 2nd David, 3rd Salomon
• Founded the kingdom of Israel, with the capitol at Jerusalem
• Lasted from 1020 to 922 B.C. “less than 100 years”
• People were swept up in conquest and migration after 922 B.C.
Prophets
• Prophets: messenger sent to reveal gods will
• Spread Judaism across the globe• Taught ethical monotheism: proper
conduct involves the worship of one god.
• No relic worship of many gods