The Atlantic Slave Trade Chapter 16.4. Main Idea Between the 1500’s and the 1800’s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean,

The Atlantic Slave Trade The Atlantic Slave Trade

Chapter 16.4Chapter 16.4

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Main IdeaMain Idea

• Between the 1500’s and the 1800’s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas.

• Between the 1500’s and the 1800’s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas.

Origins of the Slave TradeOrigins of the Slave Trade

• The Atlantic Slave Trade–Causes

•A shortage of labor in the Americas–Disease had killed millions of Native

Americans–Indentured Servants were expensive

• The Atlantic Slave Trade–Causes

•A shortage of labor in the Americas–Disease had killed millions of Native

Americans–Indentured Servants were expensive


• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Millions of Africans

taken to the Americas– Most came from West

Africa– Some slaves supplied

by African rulers– Others were

kidnapped by European traders

• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Millions of Africans

taken to the Americas– Most came from West

Africa– Some slaves supplied

by African rulers– Others were

kidnapped by European traders




• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Triangular Trade– Middle Passage

• 2nd leg of Triangular Trade route

• Brought Africans to the Americas to be sold as slaves.

• The Atlantic Slave Trade– Triangular Trade– Middle Passage

• 2nd leg of Triangular Trade route

• Brought Africans to the Americas to be sold as slaves.




• The Middle Passage– Captive Africans

chained in the dark– Cramped quarters– Could not sit or

stand– Lasted 3 to 6 weeks– 10-20% died

• The Middle Passage– Captive Africans

chained in the dark– Cramped quarters– Could not sit or

stand– Lasted 3 to 6 weeks– 10-20% died QuickTime™ and a

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Slavery in the ColoniesSlavery in the Colonies

• Slave Traders– Spanish traders took

slave to Caribbean sugar plantations

– Portuguese traders brought millions to Brazil.

– English took captives to West Indies and colonies in North America.

• Dominated the slave trade by the end of the 1600’s

• Slave Traders– Spanish traders took

slave to Caribbean sugar plantations

– Portuguese traders brought millions to Brazil.

– English took captives to West Indies and colonies in North America.

• Dominated the slave trade by the end of the 1600’s



Daily "dancing" was enforced on many slave ships as a form of exercise. People were made to hop in place in their shackles and exercise by swinging their arms. The crew walked among them with whips or cat-o'-nine-tails to compel the forced recreation.


• Living Conditions– Most enslaved

Africans worked on plantations

– Some worked in mines, towns, and in the countryside.

– Some were carpenters, metal workers, or coopers

– Women were sometimes domestic workers.

• Living Conditions– Most enslaved

Africans worked on plantations

– Some worked in mines, towns, and in the countryside.

– Some were carpenters, metal workers, or coopers

– Women were sometimes domestic workers.




• Living Conditions– Owners and

overseers gave physical and humiliating punishments.

– Owners lived in fear of slave rebellions.

• Living Conditions– Owners and

overseers gave physical and humiliating punishments.

– Owners lived in fear of slave rebellions.




• Resistance– Laws in Americas saw

enslaved Africans to be property.

– Slaves had no rights or freedoms.

– They endured brutal treatment and abuse

– Kept their traditions alive.

– Others turned to religion.

• Resistance– Laws in Americas saw

enslaved Africans to be property.

– Slaves had no rights or freedoms.

– They endured brutal treatment and abuse

– Kept their traditions alive.

– Others turned to religion.



Effects of the Slave TradeEffects of the Slave Trade

• Slave trade lasted 400 years.

• Devastated societies in West Africa

• 15 to 20 million enslaved Africans forced to Americas

• Millions more sent to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East

• Slave trade lasted 400 years.

• Devastated societies in West Africa

• 15 to 20 million enslaved Africans forced to Americas

• Millions more sent to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East



Effects of the Slave TradeEffects of the Slave Trade

• Human cost enormous– Countless died marching

from interior or crammed on ships

• In Africa– Strongest young people

captured.• Africa’s future

– Africans turned on each other to gain captives

• Africans spread throughout the world– African DiasporaAfrican Diaspora– Diffusion of African culture

• Human cost enormous– Countless died marching

from interior or crammed on ships

• In Africa– Strongest young people

captured.• Africa’s future

– Africans turned on each other to gain captives

• Africans spread throughout the world– African DiasporaAfrican Diaspora– Diffusion of African culture





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The Atlantic Slave Trade Chapter 16.4. Main Idea Between the 1500’s and the 1800’s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean,