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The Antecedents of Functionalism. The Functionalist Protest. Structuralism was too limiting What does the mind do? Functionalism is all about applying knowledge. Evolution before Darwin. Plato and Aristotle Christian thought Divine Creation Erasmus Darwin Set it and forget it - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Antecedents of The Antecedents of FunctionalismFunctionalism
The Functionalist Protest• Structuralism was too limiting• What does the mind do?• Functionalism is all about applying
knowledge
Evolution before Darwin
Plato and AristotleChristian thoughtDivine CreationErasmus Darwin
Set it and forget itJean Lemark
Environmental changes result in structural changes
Charles Lyell
Humans and Ape-like creatures
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Party Boy from Rich FamilyParty Boy from Rich Family
HMS Beagle Captain Fitzroy was a deeply religious man Trip lasted from 1831-1836
Journey of the HMS Beagle
Survival of the Fittest (or good enough)
• The constant battle between creationism and evolutionary perspectives exists today
Darwin’s ContributionDarwin’s Contribution►A focus on animal psychology, which A focus on animal psychology, which
formed the basis of comparative formed the basis of comparative psychologypsychology
►An emphasis on the functions rather than An emphasis on the functions rather than the structure of functionsthe structure of functions
►The acceptance of methodology and data The acceptance of methodology and data from Many fieldsfrom Many fields
►A focus on the description and A focus on the description and measurement of individual differences.measurement of individual differences.
Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911)Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911)
• Darwin’s Cousin• Hereditary Genius• Eugenics: Good genes
Statistical methodsStatistical methodsMental testsMental testsAssociation of IdeasAssociation of IdeasMental ImageryMental ImageryArithmetic by SmellArithmetic by Smell
George John Romanes (1848-1894)
Anecdotal method: the use of observational reports about animal behavior.Introspection by analogy: a technique for studying animal behavior by assuming that the same mental processes that occur in the observer’s mind also occur in the animal’s mind/
Romanes believed cats were the Romanes believed cats were the most intelligent of all creaturesmost intelligent of all creatures
Ontogeny recapitulates Phylogeny
C. Lloyd Morgan
(Lloyd Morgan’s Canon). The notion that animal behavior must not be attributed to a higher mental process when it can be explained by a lower mental process