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The Ankle. Talus Tibia Fibula All of these bones make-up the ankle mortis. Anatomy of the Ankle. Plantar Flexion Dorsi-flexion Inversion Eversion. Motions of the Ankle. Ligaments of the Ankle. Lateral Anterior talofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The AnkleThe Ankle
Anatomy of the AnkleAnatomy of the Ankle
TalusTalus TibiaTibia FibulaFibula
All of these bones All of these bones make-up the ankle make-up the ankle
mortismortis
Motions of the AnkleMotions of the Ankle
Plantar FlexionPlantar Flexion Dorsi-flexionDorsi-flexion Inversion Inversion EversionEversion
Ligaments of the AnkleLigaments of the Ankle
LateralLateral Anterior talofibular ligamentAnterior talofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligamentCalcaneofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligamentPosterior talofibular ligament
MedialMedial Deltoid ligament-strongest of the ankle Deltoid ligament-strongest of the ankle
Muscles of the AnkleMuscles of the Ankle
Dorsi-flexors (Anterior Leg)Dorsi-flexors (Anterior Leg) Tibialis-anteriorTibialis-anterior Extensor Hallucis LongusExtensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum LongusExtensor Digitorum Longus Peroneus TertiusPeroneus Tertius
Muscles of the AnkleMuscles of the Ankle
Plantar-Flexors (posterior leg)Plantar-Flexors (posterior leg) GastrocnemiusGastrocnemius SoleusSoleus Flexor Hallucis Longus*Flexor Hallucis Longus* Flexor Digitorum Longus*Flexor Digitorum Longus* Tibialis Posterior*Tibialis Posterior*
*These also act as invertors*These also act as invertors
Muscles of the AnkleMuscles of the Ankle
Evertors (lateral Evertors (lateral leg)leg) Peroneus LongusPeroneus Longus Peroneus BrevisPeroneus Brevis
Lateral Ankle SprainsLateral Ankle SprainsClassificationsClassifications
Mild (1Mild (1stst)) Out 3-7 days, involves the ATF and possibly the Out 3-7 days, involves the ATF and possibly the
CF:Localized tenderness over ligament, pain CF:Localized tenderness over ligament, pain when ligament is stretched, no loss of function when ligament is stretched, no loss of function or instability, mild swelling, can weight bear or instability, mild swelling, can weight bear and walk w/o much pain. and walk w/o much pain.
Moderate (2Moderate (2ndnd)) Out 10-21 days, involves the ATF,CF, PTF some Out 10-21 days, involves the ATF,CF, PTF some
tearing but not complete (ATF could be tearing but not complete (ATF could be complete) Tenderness over all the ligaments, complete) Tenderness over all the ligaments, swelling, pain with motion, non weight bearingswelling, pain with motion, non weight bearing
Inversion Mechanism of Inversion Mechanism of InjuryInjury
Mild Ankle SprainMild Ankle Sprain
Moderate Ankle SprainModerate Ankle Sprain
Lateral Ankle SprainsLateral Ankle SprainsClassificationsClassifications
SevereSevere Out 6-8 weeks, usually requires surgery Out 6-8 weeks, usually requires surgery
ATF and Anterior Tibiofibular ligament ATF and Anterior Tibiofibular ligament ruptured. Severe pain and spasm, ruptured. Severe pain and spasm, complete loss of functioncomplete loss of function
Potts FracturePotts Fracture
Fracture of the FibulaFracture of the Fibula
Medial Ankle SprainsMedial Ankle Sprains
Unusual but does Unusual but does occur to the deltoid occur to the deltoid ligament.ligament.
Other TidbitsOther Tidbits
The anterior Tibiofibular ligament is The anterior Tibiofibular ligament is also known as the syndesmosis also known as the syndesmosis ligament.ligament.
An injury like this is typically called a An injury like this is typically called a high ankle sprain.high ankle sprain.
Return to play criteria varies athlete to Return to play criteria varies athlete to athleteathlete
HOPS for the AnkleHOPS for the Ankle
HistoryHistory What happened What happened
(recreate (recreate mechanism)mechanism)
Have you hurt it Have you hurt it beforebefore
Did you hear any Did you hear any soundssounds
Have you had Have you had previous surgeryprevious surgery
HOPS for the AnkleHOPS for the Ankle
ObservationObservation SwellingSwelling DiscolorationDiscoloration How did they walk inHow did they walk in ScarsScars DeformityDeformity
HOPS for the AnkleHOPS for the Ankle
PalpationPalpation Where does it hurtWhere does it hurt What does pain feel likeWhat does pain feel like Palpate all ligamentsPalpate all ligaments Palpate the bony Palpate the bony
structuresstructures Look for point Look for point
tendernesstenderness Go through AROM and Go through AROM and
PROMPROM Determine structures Determine structures
injured injured
HOPS for the AnkleHOPS for the Ankle
Stress or Special TestsStress or Special Tests Looking for functionality of the joint Looking for functionality of the joint
and disruption of structure and and disruption of structure and functionfunction Talar TiltTalar Tilt Anterior DrawerAnterior Drawer Eversion TestEversion Test
Anterior DrawerAnterior Drawer