J.37

2014 J.37 1/20 Page 1 of 20

PRE-JUNIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2014

SCIENCE – HIGHER LEVEL

TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS 1. Write your name, school’s name and teacher’s name in the boxes provided on this

page. 2. Answer all questions. 3. Answer the questions in the spaces provided in this booklet. If you require extra

space, there is a blank page provided at the back of this booklet. 4. The use of the Formulae and Tables booklet approved for use in the State

Examinations is permitted. A copy may be obtained from the examination superintendent.

For examiner use only

Section / Question Mark

Biology

Q.1 (52)

Q.2 (39)

Q.3 (39)

Chemistry

Q.4 (52)

Q.5 (39)

Q.6 (39)

Physics

Q.7 (52)

Q.8 (39)

Q.9 (39)

Total (Paper) (390)

Bonus for Irish

Grade

Grand Total Paper (390)

Student’s Name

School’s Name

Teacher’s Name

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Biology Question 1 (52) (a) The photograph shows human chromosomes

that were isolated, stained and then viewed using a light microscope.

Name the two substances that chromosomes are

made of.

Substance 1 _____________________________

Substance 2 _____________________________ (b) (i) What is contraception?

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (ii) Name one form of contraception.

Name ___________________________________________________________ (c) The diagram shows the bones and a type of

joint present in the human hip. (i) Identify the type of joint labelled A.

Type of joint A __________________________ (ii) Give another location in the human body for the

type of joint labelled A.

Location _______________________________ (d) Describe, using a word equation, how living things release energy from food.

Equation _________________________________________________________ (e) Distinguish between excretion and egestion.

Excretion ________________________________________________________

Egestion _________________________________________________________

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A

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(f) The diagram shows a human kidney. (i) Name the excretory product produced by the

kidney.

Name _________________________________ (ii) Name part A of the kidney.

Part A _________________________________ (g) The eggs shown in the photograph are a good

source of protein and fat. (i) Name the chemicals or reagent used to test for

the presence of protein in eggs.

Name _________________________________ (ii) What colour change takes place when egg shows a positive result when testing

for protein?

Colour change __________________________ (h) A science student investigated the effect of

gravity on the growth response of plants. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below.

(i) Give two results that were recorded after

2 weeks.

Result 1 ________________________________

______________________________________

Result 2 ________________________________

______________________________________ (ii) What advantage does the plant get from this

response?

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (7 6 + 1 10)

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A

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Question 2 (39) (a) The diagrams show the human male and female reproductive systems.

B

A

C

(i) Name the sex cells produced by structure A and structure C. (6)

Sex cell produced by A _____________________________________________

Sex cell produced by C ______________________________________________ (ii) Name tube B. (3)

Tube B __________________________________________________________ (iii) What is meant by fertilisation in human reproduction? Name the cell formed as

a result of fertilisation. (6)

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Cell formed _______________________________________________________ (b) The diagram shows the human eye. (i) Name the parts labelled A and B. (6)

Part A ______________________________

Part B ______________________________ (ii) Give the functions of the cornea and

the ciliary muscle. (6)

Function of cornea _________________________________________________

Function of ciliary muscle ___________________________________________

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(1) (2)

Cornea

Ciliarymuscle

B

A

Pupil

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(c) The diagram shows the human digestive system.

(i) Mark clearly on the diagram, using an arrow and the label P, the location of the

pancreas. (3) (ii) One function of the pancreas is to produce digestive juices that contain enzymes. What name is given to the substance on which an enzyme acts? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (iii) Mark clearly on the diagram, using an arrow and the label L, the location of the

liver. (3) (iv) What is the function of the liver? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

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Question 3 (39) (a) The diagram shows an animal cell and its blood supply.

Nucleus

Blood vessel(1 cell wide) Animal cell

Redbloodcell

Yellowcolouredliquid

Cell membraneWaste Gas B

Gas A

(i) Plants produce gas A in a process called photosynthesis, that animal cells need. Identify gas A. (3)

Gas A _________________________________ (ii) Give the test that could be used to identify waste gas B. (3)

Test ___________________________________ (iii) What is the function of red blood cells? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (iv) Name the type of blood vessel, shown in the diagram, that delivers materials

into and out of animal cells. (3)

Name ___________________________________________________________ (v) Identify the yellow coloured liquid shown in the blood vessel. Give one

function of this liquid. (6)

Name of Liquid ___________________________________________________

Function _________________________________________________________

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(b) (i) Plants are producers. What is meant by this term? (3)

Producer _________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (ii) Describe, using a labelled diagram in the box provided, an experiment to show

that starch is produced by a photosynthesising plant. (18)

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

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Chemistry Question 4 (52) (a) The kitchen sink shown in the photograph is

made from the metal aluminium. Give two properties of a metal that makes it

suitable for this use.

Property 1 ________________________________________________________

Property 2 ________________________________________________________ (b) What is the pH scale?

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (c) Fossil fuels are burned to provide energy to

generate electricity. (i) Give the name or formula of a compound of

sulfur formed when a sulfur-containing fossil fuel burns in air.

Name or formula ________________________ (ii) Name the acid formed when this sulfur

compound dissolves in and reacts with water in the atmosphere.

Name _________________________________ (d) The statue shown in the photograph is made of

the alloy bronze. Name another alloy and give a use for it.

Name _________________________________

Use ___________________________________

______________________________________

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(e) Dmitri Mendeleev (1834-1907) arranged the known elements of the time (and predicted the position of future undiscovered elements) into a table called the Periodic Table.

(i) What is an element?

What? _________________________________

______________________________________ (ii) By what name are group two elements known?

Name _________________________________ (f) Silicon is used in the manufacture of computer

chips and other electronic components. Silicon has an atomic number of 14. Give the

arrangement of the electrons in an atom of silicon.

______________________________________ (g) Explain what an ‘isotope’ means.

Explanation _______________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (h) A science student used the apparatus shown to

separate a mixture of alcohol and water based on a difference in a property between the two liquids.

(i) What is this property?

What? _________________________________ (ii) Name the piece of apparatus labelled A.

Name of A _____________________________ (iii) Which connection, B or C, is the cold water

inlet?

B or C? ________________________________ (7 6 + 1 10)

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A

C

B

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Question 5 (39) (a) A science student prepared and collected a sample of oxygen (O2) gas by

decomposing liquid A using solid B as a catalyst. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below.

Liquid A

Oxygengas

Solid BWater

(i) Identify liquid A and solid B. (6)

Liquid A _________________________________________________________

Solid B __________________________________________________________ (ii) What is a catalyst? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (iii) How could the student show that the gas collected in the gas jar is oxygen? (3)

How? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (iv) Carbon was burned in O2 gas and the products tested with moist blue and red

litmus papers. Give the result of this litmus test. What conclusion can be drawn from this result? (6)

Result ___________________________________________________________

Conclusion _______________________________________________________ (v) Write a balanced chemical equation for the preparation of O2 gas in the school

laboratory. (6)

________________________________________________________________

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(b) Methane (CH4) gas is a molecule that is covalently bonded. (i) What is a molecule? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (ii) Define covalent bond. (6)

Definition ________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (iii) The atomic number of an atom of the element carbon is 6 and the atomic

number of an atom of the element hydrogen is 1. Using the above information, draw a diagram in the box provided, showing the

covalent bonding in a molecule of CH4 gas. (6)

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Question 6 (39) (a) The diagram shows water being broken down into its elements by passing an

electric current through it. The gases released by this process are shown on the diagram.

Gas A Gas B

Water withsome acid

(i) What name is given to the process shown in the diagram? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (ii) Name Gas B. (3)

Name ___________________________________________________________ (iii) Give the test for Gas A. (3)

Test _____________________________________________________________ (iv) Why is some acid added to the water? (3)

Why? ___________________________________________________________ (v) The volume of Gas A is twice that of Gas B. What does this tell us about the

composition of water? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (b) The photograph shows limescale deposits on

the heating element of a washing machine caused by hard water.

(i) Name an element responsible for hardness in

water. (3)

Name _________________________________

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(ii) Give two methods used to remove hardness from water. (6)

Method 1 ________________________________________________________

Method 2 ________________________________________________________ (iii) Describe a test that distinguishes between hard and soft water. (6)

Test _____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (c) Three coloured water-soluble inks were set up on a piece of chromatography

paper as shown in the diagram.

A B CWater

Line ofink spots

Chromatographypaper

(i) Why is each ink dot above the level of the liquid in the jar? (3)

Why? ___________________________________________________________ (ii) Which water-soluble ink consists of a single-colour dye? Give a reason for your

answer. (6)

Which? __________________________________________________________

Reason __________________________________________________________

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Physics Question 7 (52) (a) Identify the piece of measurement apparatus

shown. Give a use for this piece of apparatus.

Name _________________________________

Use ___________________________________

______________________________________ (b) Give two differences between heat and temperature.

1 _______________________________________________________________

2 _______________________________________________________________ (c) The photograph shows a pressure cooker. (i) Define pressure.

______________________________________

______________________________________ (ii) What effect does an increase in pressure have on the boiling point of water in

the pressure cooker?

What? __________________________________________________________ (d) (i) Mark clearly on the photograph of the

pliers, using an arrow and the label A, the location where a person can apply a force.

(ii) Mark clearly on the photograph of

the pliers, using an arrow and the label F, the location of the fulcrum.

For Examiner use only

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(e) An electrical current is passed through an 8 ohm (Ω) resistor. The potential difference (voltage) across the resistor is 10 volts (V).

Calculate the current passing through the resistor. Give the unit of current with

your answer.

Calculate _________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (f) The experiment shown can be used to

demonstrate that water transfers heat energy by two different methods.

Identify the two methods of heat transfer

demonstrated by this experiment.

Method 1 ______________________________

Method 2 ______________________________ (g) Identify two features of the Formula 1 car

shown in the diagram that make it stable when cornering at high speed.

Feature 1 _______________________________

Feature 2 _______________________________ (h) A science student carried out an experiment to find the density of a stone. The diagram shows the apparatus used to determine the volume of the stone. (i) The stone had a mass of 225 g and a

volume of 125 cm3. Calculate the density of the stone. Give the units of density with your answer.

_________________________________

_________________________________

_________________________________ (ii) Why did the stone sink in the water?

Why? ___________________________________________________________ (7 6 + 1 10)

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Testtube

Ice

Boilingwater

Steam

Wire gauze

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Question 8 (39) (a) A science student investigated an effect of an electric current. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below.

NS

Magneticcompass

(i) What was observed when the switch was closed in the electric circuit? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (ii) What conclusion can be drawn from this investigation? (6)

What? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (iii) What type of electrical current, alternating or direct, is produced by a battery

as a result of performing this experiment? (6)

What? ___________________________________________________________ Explain your answer.

Explanation _______________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (iv) Name another effect of an electric current. Give one everyday application of

this effect. (6)

Other effect _______________________________________________________

Everyday application _______________________________________________

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(b) (i) Name the unit of electrical energy that companies supplying electricity use to bill their consumers. (3)

Name _________________________________ (ii) Calculate the cost of using the washing

machine, shown in the diagram, for eight hours, if a unit of electricity costs 15 cent. (6)

Calculate _________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (c) A science student investigated the dispersion of white light. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below.

A

White screen

Ray box

(i) Name the part labelled A. (3)

Name ___________________________________________________________ (ii) What is the function of part A? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (iii) What word is used to describe the change of direction of light as it enters and

leaves part A? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________

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3 kW power

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Question 9 (39) (a) A science student investigated the motion of a car travelling along a road.

The data from the investigation are shown in the table below.

Speed (m/s) 0 2 4 6 8 10

Time (s) 0 1 2 3 4 5 (i) Draw a graph of speed versus time using the grid below. (6)

0 1 3 4 52Time (s)

Speed(m/s)

0

2

4

6

8

10

(ii) Use the graph to estimate the speed of the car after 3.5 seconds. (3)

________________________________________________________________ (iii) Use the data from the graph to estimate the acceleration of the car. Give the

units of acceleration with your answer. (6)

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (b) The diagram shows a three-pin plug. (i) Name the wires labelled A and B. (6)

Wire A ________________________________

Wire B ________________________________

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(1) (2)

A

B

C

Fuse

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(ii) Give the colour of the plastic insulation on the wire labelled C. (3)

Colour ___________________________________________________________ (iii) How does the fuse in the three-pin plug work for our protection? (6)

How? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ (c) A science student carried out an investigation to measure the resistance of an

LDR under varying degrees of brightness of light (light intensity). The graph below shows the results obtained.

Resistance(ohms)

2000150010005000

6400

3200

1600

400

800

Light intensity (lux) (i) What do the letters LDR stand for? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (ii) What piece of equipment was used to measure the resistance of the LDR? (3)

What? ___________________________________________________________ (iii) Give one method of varying the brightness of light falling on the LDR. (3)

Method __________________________________________________________

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(1) (2)

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EXTRA WORK SPACE Indicate clearly the number and part of the question(s) that you are answering.

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