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MINISTRY OF MINES AND ENERGY
The Agro-ecological Sugarcane Zoning in Brazil
MARLON ARRAES J. LEALCoordinator - Renewable Fuels Department
Paris, September 16th , 2010
Sustainable feedstock supply for bioenergy and biofuels
IEA – Biofuels Roadmap Workshop
Discussion 3 – Sustainable land use and biomass production
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Introduction – Biofuels Market in Brazil
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
97.5%
2.5%Fósseis
Biocombustíveis
74%
26%
Fósseis
Biocombustíveis
Biofuels versus Fossil Fuels
... Brazil
World
2008 DATA (Source: BP / MME)
Medium and light derivatives considered: Diesel, Gasoline and Jet Fuel
0,08 x 1012 liters/year
3,3 x 1012 liters/year
69 x 109 liters/year
24 x 109 liters/year
Fossil
Fossil
Biofuels
Fossil
Biofuels
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
33
64
-
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
10³ bpd Billion liters
Brazilian Ethanol Production - Ten Year Plan (2010/2019)
ethanol: strong expansion in domestic market
Source: MME/ PDE (Ten Year Plan) (2010-2019)
54% of Otto-Cyclevehicles demand
(in volume)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Jan/03 Jul/03 Jan/04 Jul/04 Jan/05 Jul/05 Jan/06 Jul/06 Jan/07 Jul/07 Jan/08 Jul/08 Jan/09 Jul/09 Jan/10 Jul/10
Flex Álcool Gasolina Diesel
Source: ANFAVEA
Elaboration: MME
Allows any mixture of hydrous ethanol and gasoline C (E25 to E100)
In 2009, vehicle sales registered a growth of 11% in comparison to 2008, and the historical record of 3 million vehicles was reached. Flex-fuel sales represented 88.2% in 2009.
Since 2003, until June/2010, more than 11 million flex-fuel vehicles were commercialized and its share in total light vehicles fleet is estimated in 37%.
Flex-fuel sales:
From zero to 80% in 3 years!
Flex Fuel Fleet Growth:The main driver for ethanol market expansion
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
The Agro-ecological sugarcane zoning in Brazil and, from this example, what can
be done in other countries
Ministry of Mines
and Energy Brazilian Agro-ecological zoning:Rules to Guide the Sugarcane Expansion
To indicate the potential areas for sugarcane expansion production withoutenvironmental restrictions and that are already used or degraded;
To exclude the production of sugarcane in the biomes of Amazon, Pantanal andUpper Paraguay River Basin;
To indicate preferably degraded or pasture areas, minimizing any competitionwith food production;
To indicate potential areas with agricultural potential without full irrigation,considering climate, soil conditions and varieties to select areas where sugarcaneproduction uses the least quantity of water possible;
To indicate areas with slope up to 12% in order to allow the use of machines at the tilling. This will avoid new induced fire areas for sugarcane manual cut and orient the expansion with mechanical harvesting.
The Brazilian sugarcane agro-ecological zoning was coordinated by the Ministry of Agriculture, together with the Ministry of Environment, the Ministry of Mines and Energy and the Ministry of
Finance, with technical assistance of EMBRAPA (Public Enterprise of Agriculture Research)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Aditional constraints
Areas without
environmental
restrictionsAreas with slope
up to 12%
SOIL
MAPS
CLIMATE
DATA
Inputs of soil
restrictions criteria
Areas with adequate
soil conditionsAreas with adequate
climate conditions
Potential areas for
sugarcane production
Assessment of
actual agriculture
use
Inputs of climate
restrictions criteria
State Validation
Phase
Brazilian Agro-ecological zoning:The areas selection
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
LAND USE IN BRAZIL
Source: MAPA/Embrapa (2010)
...and sugarcane agro-ecologic zoning
• Suitable areas identified sum up to 64 million hectares (or 7.5% of the territory)
• Currently, sugarcane for ethanol corresponds to 4.2 million hectares or 1% of arable lands.
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
...and sugarcane agro-ecologic zoning
• Suitable areas identified sum up to 64 million hectares (or 7.5% of the territory)
• Currently, sugarcane for ethanol corresponds to 4.2 million hectares or 1% of arable lands.
Available for
Expansion
99.8 mi Ha
(11.7%)
Pastures
172.3 mi Ha
(20.2%)
Non-Arable
Areas
502.2 mi Ha
(59%)
Annual and
Permanent
Food Crops
70.3 mi Ha
(8.3%)
Sugar-Cane for
ETHANOL
4.2 mi Ha (0.5%)
Oilseed Crops
for BIODIESEL
2.2 mi Ha (0.3%)
LAND USE IN BRAZIL
Ministry of Mines
and Energy Brazilian Agro-ecological zoning:The results
The Brazilian Government
published in September, 17th 2009
the Decree Nº 6.961/2009 that:
“Approves the sugarcane agri-
ecological zoning and determines the
National Monetary Council¹ to
establish the rules of financing/credit
operations for the sugarcane sector in
the terms of the agri-ecological
zoning.”
¹ National Monetary Council is the Brazilian higher instance
responsible for making the rules of credit and monetary policies.
The council is presided by the Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
The Agri-ecological zoning methodology as key-instrument for technical cooperation. Brazilian cooperation in other countries.
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Biofuel Project
FeasibilityAnalysis
Data Book &Road Show
Implementation Operation
Phase I Phase IIIPhase II Phase IV
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Land Suitability for Biofuel Crops
Recommendation
Phase I – Feasibility Analysis
Production Capability
MAPSLand CapabilitiesAgro-climaticZones
RESULTSInvestmentsRegulationsInfrastructureEnvironmental Issues
CROPS SELECTIONPotentialInappropriate
Phase II
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Phase II – Data Book
Projects Road ShowData Book
PROJECTSAgriculturalIndustrial FinancialEnvironmentalLegal & Regulatory
COMPILATION INVESTORS
Phase IIIImplementation
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy Example Phase I
Agroclimatic Zoning Land CapabilityLand Suitability
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Area of interest
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Open area: 12.654 haNatural area: 8.963 ha
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Field validation:• Actual infrastructure status• Biodiversity conservation• Field evidence
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Local communities
Local communities
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Potential area
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Phase I – Feasibility Study
General Progress Report
Partner Country Status
Dominican Republican Completed.
El Salvador Completed.
Saint Kitts and Nevis Completed.
Haiti Completed.
Honduras On Standby.
Guatemala Completed.
Jamaica Waiting for Financing.
Senegal Completed.
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Phase II – Feasibility Study
Dominican Republican
El Salvador
Haiti
General Progress Report
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Ethanol Distillery: Usulutan Region
Feasibility study for El Salvador’s potential to produce ethanol. Sponsored by MINEC (Ministry ofEconomy).
Presentation of the M.O.U. phase II to MINEC.
El Salvador
Project
Milling: 1.5 million tons per year.
Total ethanol production: 135 million liters per year.
Electricity co-generation.
Agricultural cooperative.
Volume of Ethanol: 20% of the country’s gasolineconsumption.
Data Book: El Salvador
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Data Book: Dominican Republic
Ethanol Distillery: Monte Plata Region
Presentation of Phase II T.O.R. of the M.O.U. to the CNE (National Energy Committee).
Presentation of Phase I and Phase II T.O.R. of the M.O.U. in the International Seminar on biofuels.
Bioenergy Conference: discuss the future paths of the energy matrix of the Dominican Republic.
Project
Milling: 2.0 million tons per year.
Total ethanol production: 170 million liters per year.
Electricity co-generation.
Agricultural cooperative.
Volume of Ethanol: 12% of the country’sgasoline consumption.
Dominican Republic
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
Ministry of Mines
and Energy
Data Book: Dominican Republic
Thermoelectric Power Plant – Les Cayes Region
Presentation of phase I to Haiti government on June, 2009.
Meeting with Fonkose financial services to present the second phase of the M.O.U. Fonkose will beable to finance the agricultural cooperative.
Project
Biomass Production: 28.,000 tons per year.
Total electricity production : 5MWh.
Agricultural cooperative.
Incremental Capacity: 8.25 to 13.25 MWh offer inLes Cayes region.
3 Modules
5 MW
Haiti
Copyright © FGV Projetos 1996 - 2010 (used with permission)
MINISTRY OF MINES AND ENERGY
THANK YOU
MARLON ARRAES J. LEALRenewable Fuels Department