The Age of Exploration:The Age of Exploration:1490-16401490-1640

►1513 Juan Ponce de Léon lands on the Florida peninsula.

►1515 Vasco Núñez de Balboa reaches the Pacific Ocean.

►1540 Francisco Vázquez de Coronado explores the Southwest.

►1586 English colony at Roanoke Island disappears (the Lost Colony).

►1590 Iroquois Confederacy established to stop warfare among the Five Nations.

► 1607—Jamestown 1607—Jamestown SettlementSettlement

Before the ExplorersBefore the Explorers►North America—sparsely populated by North America—sparsely populated by

several hundred Native American tribesseveral hundred Native American tribes►Tribes were not encountered Tribes were not encountered

simultaneouslysimultaneously►Tribes differed in language, Tribes differed in language,

government, social organization, government, social organization, customs, housing, and methods of customs, housing, and methods of survivalsurvival

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Amerikanska_folk%2C_Nordisk_familjebok.jpg

Why They ExploredWhy They Explored►GreedGreed►CuriosityCuriosity►Sense of Sense of

AdventureAdventure

Captain John SmithCaptain John Smith►1607—Established the 1607—Established the

first permanent English first permanent English settlement in North settlement in North America (Jamestown)America (Jamestown)

►1608-1609—served as 1608-1609—served as president of the Virginia president of the Virginia ColonyColony

►1624—wrote 1624—wrote The The General History of General History of VirginiaVirginia

Captain John SmithCaptain John Smith►Led the explorations along the rivers Led the explorations along the rivers

in Virginia and the Chesapeake Bayin Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay►Sailed with Christopher NewportSailed with Christopher Newport►Noted for being an adventurer, poet, Noted for being an adventurer, poet,

mapmaker, and egotist.mapmaker, and egotist.►AndAnd for his association with for his association with

Pocahontas and the Powhatan Pocahontas and the Powhatan ConfederacyConfederacy

Map of Virginia—1612Map of Virginia—1612

The Chesapeake Bay—The Chesapeake Bay—PresentPresent

Garcia Lopez de Garcia Lopez de CardenasCardenas

►A Spanish conquistador of present New A Spanish conquistador of present New MexicoMexico

►1540: Commanded to locate a river1540: Commanded to locate a river►20 days later: Found the river but could not 20 days later: Found the river but could not

reach it—WHY NOT?reach it—WHY NOT?►They were standing on the South Rim of the They were standing on the South Rim of the

Grand CanyonGrand Canyon►Several days later: forced to return because Several days later: forced to return because

of dehydrationof dehydration►Considered the first European to see and Considered the first European to see and

describe the Grand Canyondescribe the Grand Canyon

The North Rim of the Grand The North Rim of the Grand CanyonCanyon

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Alvar Nunez Cabeza de VacaVaca

►Second in Command for the Second in Command for the Narvaez expedition in Spanish Narvaez expedition in Spanish FloridaFlorida

►1528—landed in Tampa Bay1528—landed in Tampa Bay►Lead 400-man expedition to Lead 400-man expedition to

TexasTexas►Encounter hostile natives, Encounter hostile natives,

illness, and starvationillness, and starvation

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Alvar Nunez Cabeza de VacaVaca

►Set sail for Mexico in Set sail for Mexico in five flimsy boatsfive flimsy boats

►Only 60 reach the Texas Only 60 reach the Texas shoreshore

►Only 4 survivors reach Only 4 survivors reach Mexico (8 years later)Mexico (8 years later)

►Records his experiences Records his experiences in in La RelacionLa Relacion..

Narrative AccountNarrative Account——tells the story of real-life tells the story of real-life

eventsevents►Narrative Narrative

NonfictionNonfiction Tells about real Tells about real

people, places, people, places, objects and eventsobjects and events

Similar to Similar to autobiographies, autobiographies, biographies, biographies, journals, and journals, and diariesdiaries

►Exploration Exploration NarrativeNarrative Records information Records information

about the writer’s about the writer’s own travels to an own travels to an unfamiliar placeunfamiliar place

► JournalJournal Records daily events Records daily events

and personal and personal observationsobservations