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"The ability of a body to perform work is , Energy". The unit of energy is, joule (J). Larger unit of energy is kilo joule (kJ).
1 kJ = 1000 J.
There are numerous types of energy such as:Heat EnergyLight EnergyChemical EnergyElectrical EnergyKinetic EnergyPotential Energy etc.
EnergyWork and Energy
Energy posses by a body by virtue of its motion is ‘Kinetic Energy’.
Kinetic energy depends upon the mass and velocity of body. If velocity is zero than K.E. of body will also be zero.
Kinetic EnergyWork and Energy
Consider a body of mass "m" starts moving from rest. After a time interval "t" its velocity becomes V. If initial velocity of the body is Vi = 0 ,final velocity Vf = V and the displacement of body is "d".
Kinetic EnergyWork and Energy
Then ,using equation of motion
2aS = Vf2 – Vi
2 Putting the above mentioned values 2ad = V2 – 0 a = V2/2d
Now force is given by F = ma Putting the value of acceleration F = m(V2/2d) As we know that Work done = Fd
Kinetic EnergyWork and Energy
Putting the value of F Work done = (mV2/2d)(d) = mV2/2OR Work done = ½ mV2
Since the work done in motion is called "Kinetic Energy “i.e. “ K.E. = Work done OR K.E. =1/2mV2.
Kinetic EnergyWork and Energy
Consider a body of mass "m" placed at a height of "h" from the surface of earth. Force = Weight = W and displacement (d) = h
Work done = Fd = Wh [but W = mg] work done = mghWe know that the work done in lifting the body is stored in the body in the form of Potential Energy. Thus, P.E. = mgh
Potential EnergyWork and Energy
Work and Energy Kinetic and Potential Energy
An object of mass 15 kg is moving with a uniform velocity of 4 m s–1. What is the kinetic energy possessed by the object?
Work and Energy Example
Mass of the object, m = 15 kg, velocity of the object, v = 4 m s–1. K.E. =½ mv2 =½× 15 kg × 4 m s–1 × 4 m s–1
= 120 JThe kinetic energy of the object is 120 J.
Work and Energy Solution
Work and Energy
Find the energy possessed by an object of mass 10 kg when it is at a height of 6 m above the ground. Given, g = 9.8 m s–2.
Example
Mass of the object, m = 10 kg,Displacement (height), h = 6 m, andAcceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 m s–2.Potential energy = mgh = 10 kg × 9.8 m s–2 × 6 m = 588 J.The potential energy is 588 J.
Work and Energy Solution