The 1960'sLainey Hoffman, Melissa Blackwell, Kindale Bridges

Politics

• 1960o JFK was the youngest elected president.

This was the year of the first televised presidential debate as well.

• 1961o Freedom Ride in Anniston, Alabama

May 14.o Bay of Pigs in April.o Berlin Wall built in August.o Peace Corps founded.o Late 1961 Anti-Diem agitators threatened

pro-American government. Kennedy increased troops in South Vietnam.

• 1962

o Steel companies raised their prices. This angered JFK and demanded the lowering of prices. As well as general tax cuts.

Trade Expansion Act: tariffs cut up to 50%

o Cuban Missile Crisis.

• 1963o Pact prohibiting nuclear weapons

with Soviet Uniono JFK's speech at American

University urged peaceful coexistence with Soviet Union.

o Civil rights protesters were "hosed down" in Birmingham, Alabama.

o JFK called for new civil rights legislation.

o March on Washington and MLK's "I Have A Dream" speech.

o JFK assassinated November 22 in Dallas, Texas.

o LBJ was immediately sworn in.o Also in May of '63, the awesome

Mr. Jones was born.

• 1964 - Economyo The population is 191.888.791 and the life expectancy is

70.2 years.o The federal spending was $118.53 billion and the debt was

$316.1 billion.o Inflation was 1.2% and the consumer index was 31.o The unemployment level was at 5.7%.o The price of a new home was $20,500, a gallon of gas was

%0.30, a dozen eggs were $0.54, and a gallon of milk was $0.95.

• Other Important Things in '64o Gulf of Tonkin Resolutiono LBJ and The Great Societyo The Economic Opportunity Acto Civil Rights Act of 1964

• 1965 - Economyo Population: 194,302,963o Life expectancy was 70.2 yearso Federal spending was $118.23 billion and the debt was $322.3

billion.o Inflation was 1.6%, consumer index was 31.5, and

unemployment was 5.2%.o Price of a new home was $21,500, gallon of gas was $0.31, a

dozen eggs $0.53, and a gallon of milk was $0.95.• Other Important Things in '65

o LBJ escalates US military involvement in Vietnam.o SDS and SNCC led the first anti-war march.o Voting Rights Acto Immigration Act of 1965o Medicaid and Medicare enacted.o Malcom X was assassinated. o Watts Riots in LA.

• 1966 - Economyo Population: 196,560,338o Life expectancy was 70.2 years.o Federal spending was $134.53 billion was debt was $328.5 billion.o Inflation was 2.7%, consumer index was 32.4%, and unemployment

rates were 4.5%.o The price of a new home was $23,300, a gallon of gas was $0.32, a

dozen eggs were %0.60, and a gallon of milk was %0.99.• Other Important Things in '66

o Department of Urban Housing and Developmento Department of Transportationo Nation Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Acto Miranda vs. Arizonao Feminist group (NOW) formed.o NBC, CBS, and ABC had full color lineups in their primt-time

schedules.o Muhammad Ali declared himself a conscientious objector and refused

to go to war.

• 1967o The US, Soviet Union, and the UK sign the Outer Space

Treaty.o The 25th Amendment is ratified. o Thurgood Marshall is confirmed the first African American on

the Supreme Court.• 1968

o MLK was assassinated.o My Lai massacre.o Robert Kennedy was assassinated.o The Tet Offensive was put into action.o Civil Rights Act of '68

• 1969o Richard Nixon is elected. o Tinker vs. Des Moineso Stonewall Riotso The first troops are withdrawn from Vietnam.o Nixon Doctrine

Fashion• Early to Mid 60's

o Featured shorter coats, lowered waistline, “relaxed shaping”, appearance of little or no waistline.

o Abstract effect: side-fastenings on coats, dresses, side-slanting folds, loose box dresses/coats, “full-flowing outline”

o American’s love for travel increased during the 60s which influenced fashion immensely: Weightless, porous fabrics and mixed fibers which rendered materials more crease-resistant and easy to care for- climate changes during travelling.

o Fashion was inspired by abstract art, geometric patterns, “offbeat” contrasts, flower patterns- loud and big.

o Hair changed drastically and played a vital role in 60s fashion. Late 60s- boyish haircut (ex: Twiggy or Edie Sedgwick)

• Late 60'so 1968-California- the “Hippie”

movement: very relaxed, easy, comfortable clothing.

o headbands, barefoot, long hair, tie died shirts, sandals, buck-skin vests, Mexican peasant blouses, scarves, caftans and being in public without a bra was all part of this liberating time.

o late 60s- suede mini-skirt, square-toed boots, French polo tops, newsboy cap/beret, Psychedelic prints, “grass”, “weed”, LSD and the look of “Woodstock”, chain belts, peace signs, medallion necklaces, ponchos.

Fashion Icons• Audrey Hepburn

o “Givenchy” look: Wayfarer sunglasses, little black dress, pearls.

o Long, skinny jeans/pants, belted suits, leotards, french sailor suit, corolla robe, slender silhouette.

o Her motto: “Simplicity and elegance.”

• Jackie Kennedyo Wool, knee-length coats,

large buttons.o Chose fabrics and colors

that were appropriate for occasion, “talked” with her wardrobe.

o Influenced politics and caught the right attention when visiting other countries.

o “Her wardrobe spoke what she couldn’t say.”

Music

• Music was a major cultural movement in the 60's.

• British Invasiono The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and

Led Zepplin.• Rock/Folk

o Bob Dylan (major civil rights supporter), Joan Baez, The Who, David Bowie, Pink Floyd, Jimi Hendrix, Van Morrison, Janis Joplin, Johnny Cash

• Soul/R&Bo The Supremes, Stevie Wonder, Marvin

Gaye, The Temptations, Miles Davis, Duke Ellington.

• Trendso Monterey Pop Festivalo Woodstocko Vietnam Waro "Summertime Blues" and

"Eve of Destruction"o Bob Dylan's "Blowin' in the

Wind" about civil rights.o Counterculture of the

decadeo Flower Child movement

Counterculture of the 60's

• Mainly concentrated in the US and UK.

• Regards the war in Vietnam (tensions around extensive government interference), race relations, sexual mores, women's rights, opposition to authority, experimentation with psychoactive drugs, and a different interpretation of the American Dream.

• Gay Liberation Movemento The first cited gay liberation

movement took place June 28, 1969.

o The Stonewall Riots.o Violent demonstrations against

police in a raid on a gay bar.• Drug Movement

o LSD became a recreational outside medicine.

o The term "dropping acid" was coined.

o Ken Kesey participate in drug trials and liked the effects. This started the movement.

• Flower Child Movemento Started with Billy Ray and

Hazel Williams who made paper flowers and sold them in the streets of San Francisco. Their daughters would wear the flowers in their hair.

o Became a synonym for young people at the Summer of Love (a flock of young people to San Fran in search of new values).

o It became custom to give out flowers to symbolize brotherhood, peace, and love.

• Flowers and Politicso Authorities destroyed

People's Park -- hippies planted flowers as a peaceful resistance.

o In 1967, March on the Pentagon, surrounded by troops groups peacefully protested.

o George Harris put flowers in the barrels of guns.

Art• Minimalism and Pop Art were popular styles of the 60's.• Andy Warhol was a popular Pop Art artist.

Media• 1964 Movies

o Mary Poppins ($102,300,000)o Goldfinger ($51,100,000)o Vivalas Vegas ($4,675,000)o A Fist Full of Dollars ($3,500,000)o Roustabout ($3,000,000)

• Academy Awardso Best Actor: Rex Harrison starring in My Fair

Ladyo Best Actress: Julie Andrews starring in Mary

Poppinso Best Director: George Cukor directing My Fair

Ladyo Best Picture: Jack L. Warner in My Fair Ladyo Best Supporting Actor: Peter Ustinov in

Topkapio Best Supporting Actress: Lila Kedrova im

Alexis Zorbas

• 1965 Movieso Sound of Music ($163,214,28)o Doctor Zhivago ($111,722,000)o Thunderball ($63,600,000)o Greatest Story Ever Told ($8,000,000)o The Sons of Katie Elder ($6,000,000)

• Academy Awardso Best Actor: Lee Marvin in Cat Ballowo Best Actress: Julie Christie in Darlingo Best Director: Robert Wise for Sound

of Musico Best Picture: Robert Wise for Sound

of Musico Best Supporting Actor: Martin Balsam

in A Thousand Clownso Best Supporting Actress: Shelley

Winters in A Patch of Blue

• 1966 Movieso The Wild Angels ($6,500,000)o The Good, The Bad, and The

Ugly ($6,100,000)o Paradise, Hawaiian Style

($2,500,000)• Academy Awards

o Best Actor: Paul Scofield in A Man For All Seasons

o Best Actress: Elizabeth Taylor in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

o Best Director and Best Picture: Fred Zinnemann for A Man For All Seasons

o Best Supporting Actor: Walter Matthau in The Fortune Cookie

o Best Supporting Actress: Sandy Dennis in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

• Televisiono Popular TV shows of the 60's

included: Bewitched, Yogi Bear, Leave it to Beaver, Scooby Doo, Star Trek, The Addams Family, The Andy Griffith Show, The Beverly Hillbillies, The Bugs Bunny Show, The Ed Sullivan Show, The Flintstones, Sesame Street, The Jetsons, The Twilight Zone, and The Munsters.

o The TV industry received 2 billion dollars in advertising which was twice that of what the radio made.

o Cigarette advertising contributed to lots of the TV aid.