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8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
1/23
Mr.Pinij Siripuekpong
Assistant Director of
Research and Development Office
Electricity enerating Authority of !hailand
Appropriate !echnologyAppropriate !echnology
for for
Solar !racking SystemSolar !racking System
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
2/23
OutlineOutline
" #ackground#ackground
" !he Principle of Solar !racking System!he Principle of Solar !racking System
" Design and componentsDesign and components
" !esting!esting
" $onclusion$onclusion
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
3/23
BackgroundBackground
% P& solar 'ater pumping system 'ill (e startedP& solar 'ater pumping system 'ill (e started at )*+, and stopped at -*,,at )*+, and stopped at -*,,
% !he most simple and principal 'ay to get more!he most simple and principal 'ay to get more
energy output from the P& modules is rotatingenergy output from the P& modules is rotating
the modules follo'ing the sun as it or(its fromthe modules follo'ing the sun as it or(its from
the East to the /est during the day.the East to the /est during the day.
% !he pro(lems of solar tracking system are *%!he pro(lems of solar tracking system are *%
0 1mported tracking system 2high investment cost30 1mported tracking system 2high investment cost3 0 4o spare parts for maintenance0 4o spare parts for maintenance
0 high energy consumption for tracking system0 high energy consumption for tracking system
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
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!he amount of electrical energy generated from P& panels!he amount of electrical energy generated from P& panels
depends ondepends on incident angles5projected areasincident angles5projected areas
Projected AreaProjected Area
Collector AreaCollector Area
PV panelsPV panels
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
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$omparison of Solar Energy$omparison of Solar Energy 2Stationary vs. !racked32Stationary vs. !racked3
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
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Photovoltaic Solar Water PumpPhotovoltaic Solar Water Pump
Storage Tank
Contr
oller
Water Pipe line
PV Solar Panels
Filter Tank
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$umulative P& 1nstallation in !hailand$umulative P& 1nstallation in !hailand
226,,-6,,-33
Applications Peak k/ installedApplications Peak k/ installed
- Water pumping 1061.3- Water pumping 1061.3
- Stand alone for home village 195.3- Stand alone for home village 195.3
- Batter charging !tation 1"#1.3- Batter charging !tation 1"#1.3- $elecommunication repeater 1%513.0- $elecommunication repeater 1%513.0
- &emote primar !chool 165.0- &emote primar !chool 165.0
- &emote health care #1.0- &emote health care #1.0 - 'avigation aid 1".0- 'avigation aid 1".0
- ()rid*+rid ,nterface #.3- ()rid*+rid ,nterface #.3
- /i!cellaneou! 1#3.3- /i!cellaneou! 1#3.3
!otal 7-8.!otal 7-8.
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
8/23
O(jectivesO(jectives
!he Design of Solar !racking System for P& 'ater
pumping system aims to
%* et more volume of 'ater5Day%* et more volume of 'ater5Day%* 9se local materials%* 9se local materials
%* :o'er maintenance and system cost%* :o'er maintenance and system cost
%* et more relia(ility ; (etter performance from%* et more relia(ility ; (etter performance from
P& system than stationary one usedP& system than stationary one used
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
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!ake Moment 5 $onsider a(out $enter of ravity!ake Moment 5 $onsider a(out $enter of ravity
G
'<
'-
'6'R
'+
FulcrumFulcrum
∑=
=n
i
& W W
-
&
n
i
ii
&
n
i
ii
&
n
i
ii
W
W 0
0
W
W
W
W 1
1
∑∑∑=== === --- 77
x
y
z
,-
==
∑=
&
n
i
ii
W
W
!he Principle of Solar !racking System!he Principle of Solar !racking System
WaterWater
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
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$onceptual Design of Solar !racking System$onceptual Design of Solar !racking System
-. Single a=is Solar !racking System 2E%/ tracking direction3-. Single a=is Solar !racking System 2E%/ tracking direction3
- Solar $rac2ing ha! )een in!talled in '-S ai!%- Solar $rac2ing ha! )een in!talled in '-S ai!%- $ilt angle 15- $ilt angle 15oo facing South4facing South4
6. !he (asic principle to follo' the Sun is (y transfering a 'ater 6. !he (asic principle to follo' the Sun is (y transfering a 'ater
to one side and drain off another sideto one side and drain off another side
- ) u!ing # pipe! for counter eight and ater from !torage tan2- ) u!ing # pipe! for counter eight and ater from !torage tan2
+. 9se sensors and controllers for controlling pumps automatically+. 9se sensors and controllers for controlling pumps automatically
- 78 are u!ed a! a !en!or of the !un direction hich create !ignal!- 78 are u!ed a! a !en!or of the !un direction hich create !ignal! to control valve!.to control valve!.
- imit !itche! are u!ed to limit the end po!ition of !olar trac2ing - imit !itche! are u!ed to limit the end po!ition of !olar trac2ing
!!tem hen the !un or)it! out of the limit po!ition in the morning !!tem hen the !un or)it! out of the limit po!ition in the morning
and eveningand evening eft&ight4eft&ight4
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$omponent of ome
Small PumpSmall Pump
Small PumpSmall Pump
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$omponent of -., k/p Solar !racking System$omponent of -., k/p Solar !racking System
for P& /ater Pumpingfor P& /ater Pumping
PVC pipePVC pipeControl ValvesControl Valves
Sensor and controllerSensor and controller
Control ValvesControl Valves
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4 3 2 1
EW
EW4 3 2 1
AB
EW 43
21
AB
EW4 3 2 1
A C
!he Principle Sensor for !racking System!he Principle Sensor for !racking System
EW
43
21
A C
$ase* Reversing$ase* Reversing$ase* !racking Sun$ase* !racking Sun
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:oad ; Data :ogger
Solar !racking Solar $ells
Stationary Solar $ells Sensor;$ontroller
/ater Pump
Details of Solar !racking System -Details of Solar !racking System -
6 PV panels 66 PV panels 6
x !" Wpx !" Wp #"$ Wp #"$ Wp
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Solar !racking Solar $ells
Stationary Solar $ells
$ontrol &alve
Details of Solar !racking System 6Details of Solar !racking System 6
PV panels %#PV panels %#
x !" Wpx !" Wp %$"$ Wp %$"$ Wp
:oad ; Data :ogger
Sensor;$ontroller
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Energy Output ; Solar RadiationEnergy Output ; Solar Radiation !racking vs. 4on%!racking!racking vs. 4on%!racking
6) 4ovem(er 6,,+6) 4ovem(er 6,,+
-
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
700.00
800.00
900.00
1,000.00
600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
S o l a r R a d i a t i o n ( W / m
2 )
-
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
350.00
400.00
450.00
500.00
P o w r (
W )
Solar &adiation ' (on TrackingSolar &adiation ' TrackingPo)er ' (on TrackingPo)er ' Tracking
Solar &adiation ' (on*Tracking 6+$%$,-! Wh.m/ .0ay
Tracking !+//1,#" Wh.m/ .0ay
2 3ncrease /$,%!2
4nergy ' (on*Tracking /+$%","# Wh.0ay
Tracking /+"#-,1! Wh.0ay
2 3ncrease /6,#-2
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
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&ariation of Energy Output&ariation of Energy Output
!racking vs. 4on%!racking!racking vs. 4on%!racking
DA!A * 4O&EM#ERDA!A * 4O&EM#ER /$$1/$$1
0.00
500.00
1,000.00
1,500.00
2,000.00
2,500.00
3,000.00
1 - ! o "
2 - ! o "
3 - ! o "
4 - ! o "
5 - ! o "
6 - ! o "
7 - ! o "
8 - ! o "
9 - ! o "
1 0 - ! o "
1 1 - ! o "
1 2 - ! o "
1 3 - ! o "
1 4 - ! o "
1 5 - ! o "
1 6 - ! o "
1 7 - ! o "
1 8 - ! o "
1 9 - ! o "
2 0 - ! o "
2 1 - ! o "
2 2 - ! o "
2 3 - ! o "
2 4 - ! o "
2 5 - ! o "
2 6 - ! o "
2 7 - ! o "
2 8 - ! o "
2 9 - ! o "
3 0 - ! o "
# n r $ % & ' t ' t ( W
/ * a
Non-Tracking Tracking Solar +ll S)ll Solar 6
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
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Compared Solar&adiation
(on*tracking.TrackingSystem
First 5odel
Second 5odel
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
May June Nov Dec Month
k W h / s q . m . / d a
Solar a!ia"ion#non-"racking
Solar a!ia"ion#"racking
C d PV
8/18/2019 Thailand Solar Tracker System (Eng1)
20/23
-
500
1$000
1$500
2$000
2$500
3$000
May June Nov Dec Month
W h / d a
%nergy#non-"racking
%nergy#"racking
Compared PV4nergy rom
(on*tracking.Tracking
System
First 5odel
Second 5odel
3ncrease /$,1$23ncrease /$,1$2
3ncrease /$,6#23ncrease /$,6#2
3ncrease /1,/-23ncrease /1,/-2
3ncrease /$,--23ncrease /$,--2
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System cost for Solar >omeSystem cost for Solar >ome
-.-.
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System cost for Solar PumpSystem cost for Solar Pump
-.-. -,, /p of Solar $ells 2? /p* -< panels3 5 - solar !racker-,, /p of Solar $ells 2? /p* -< panels3 5 - solar !rackersetset
6. !he net electrical energy output is increased @ 6, higher than6. !he net electrical energy output is increased @ 6, higher than
4on%tracking system 4on%tracking system
+. 1n reverse7 the installation of P& module less to 6-, /att peak7+. 1n reverse7 the installation of P& module less to 6-, /att peak7
'hich cost a(out C
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$onclusion$onclusion
!he invention of Solar !racking System helps us improve!he invention of Solar !racking System helps us improve
thethe performance performance ooff P& solar systemP& solar system inin a simple 'aya simple 'ay
'e can (uil'e can (uildd the Solar !rack the Solar !rack inging SSystemystem easilyeasily 'ith'ith costcost
effectiveeffectivenessness for the ma=imumfor the ma=imum energyenergy or 'ater or 'ater output fromoutput from
any kind of P&any kind of P&
Solar >ome or Solar /ater PumpingSolar >ome or Solar /ater Pumping