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Srivieng Pairojkul, MD. Karunruk Palliative Care Center Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University Thai Palliative Care Society

Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

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Page 1: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Srivieng Pairojkul, MD.Karunruk Palliative Care Center

Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University

Thai Palliative Care Society

Page 2: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Top 10 causes of death

Thailand 2012Japan

S Korea

ChinaSingapore

ThailandVietnam

MyanmarMalaysia

BruneiIndonesia

PhilippinesLao

Page 3: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University
Page 4: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Changes in society – isolated family.

â€Ē Patients have limited understanding of their illness

and an inaccurate view of their prognosis.

â€Ē The care received is intensive, aggressive, costly.

â€Ē Face difficult decisions about EOL treatment.

â€Ē More aggressive treatment at EOL.

â€Ē High physical symptoms & psychological suffering.

â€Ē Increase health care costs.

Page 5: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Beliefs:

â€Ē Dead could be avoids using modern technology.

â€Ē Science and research could over come dead.

â€Ē Death is a failure.

Page 6: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē 23.1% of patients referred to KPC were intubated prior to consultation.

â€Ē Diagnosis of these patients: - Advanced cancers 56.8%- Terminal-stage: AIDS, Parkinson, sys sclerosis 7.4% - End-stage organ failure 16.0%- Acute conditions: Hosp-acq infections/stroke 19.8%

Karunruk PC Center 2012 report

Page 7: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē 89 year-old

â€Ē Advance dementia,

bed bounded

â€Ē Developed massive stroke

â€Ē On ventilator, no cognitive

function

Page 8: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Cancer

Organ failure

Frailty/Dementia

â€Ē Âū of death from CA occurs in people >65 y.

â€Ē HF affects >1/10 people >70 y.

5-y mortality of 80% is worse than many CA

â€Ē Dementia 4% in >70 Y, and 13% in >80 Y.

â€Ē Length of survival 8 Y.

McCarthy M, J Rol Coll Physicians 1996;30:325Hofman A. Internat J Epidemiology, 1991;20:736.

Page 9: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

A large proportion of patients eventually

die in hospitals from recurrent infections

or dementia-related complications

Page 10: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Advance dementia ApraxiaDysphagiaDecreased mobility

â€Ē Sentinel events:Eating difficulties.Recurrent infections.

Increasing risk of infection

Malnutrition

Sachs GA, et al. J Gen Intern Med 2004;19:1057-63.

Page 11: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Follow up of 323 nursing home residents with AD

â€Ē 6-month mortality rate:

- Pneumonia = 46.7%

- Febrile episode 44.5%

- Eating problem 38.6%

â€Ē Distressing symptoms: Dyspnea 46.0%, Pain 39.1%

â€Ē In the last 3 months of life

- 40% underwent at least one burdensome intervention

(Hospitalization, ER visit, parenteral Rx, tube feeding)

â€Ē Proxies who understanding poor prognosis were much

less likely to have burdensome interventions in the last

3 months of life (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.04-0.37)

Mitchell S. NEJM 2009;361:1529

Page 12: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University
Page 13: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

End of life experiences between cancer and

advanced dementia patients were compared in

US nursing homes

Page 14: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University
Page 15: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Tube feeding, lab investigations and restraint use were

significantly associated with advanced dementia

Page 16: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

CASCADE study: 323 patients in 22 US nursing homes followed for 18 months

Page 17: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Complication Frequency

Pneumonia 41.1%

Febrile Episode 52.6%

Eating Problem 85.8%

Mitchell SL et al. The Clinical course of Advanced Dementia. NEJM 2009

Complication Adjusted 6 month

Mortality

Eating Problem 38.6%

Febrile Episode 44.5%

Pneumonia 46.7%

Page 18: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Survival after the

first episode of

pneumonia, a

febrile episode

and eating

problem

Mitchell SL et al. The Clinical course of Advanced Dementia. NEJM 2009

Page 19: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Dyspnea PainPressure

ulcer Aspiration Agitation

Mitchell SL et al. The Clinical course of Advanced Dementia. NEJM 2009

Page 20: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Prognostic tools have a modest ability to predict

death Care provided should be guided by their

goal of care rather than estimated life expectancy.

â€Ē FAST staging has been used as criteria to assess

hospice eligibility, but insufficient for

prognostication.

FAST stage7 +

- Presence of pneumonia

- Albumin <3.5 mg/dl/presence of a feeding tube

Associated with a reduced survival.

â€Ē Aspiration pneumonia indicates a high risk of death

in the next 6-12 months.Brown MA, et al. Palliat Med 2013;27:389-400.

Van der Steen Jt, et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2007;8:464-8.

Page 21: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

1. The surprise question: “Would you be surprised

if this patient were to die in the next 6-12 months?”

2. Choice/ Need - The patient makes a choice for

comfort care only, not ‘curative’ treatment, or is in

special need of supportive / palliative care.

3. Clinical Prognostic Indicators - an attempt to

estimate when patients with advanced disease or

are in the last year or so of life.

Thomas K, et al. Prognostic Indicator Guidance 4th Ed, Oct 2011.

Page 22: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

3. Clinical Prognostic Indicators of End Stage Dementia

Unable to walk without assistance, and incontinent, and no consistently meaningful verbal communication, and increasing dependence in ADL

Plus any one of the following: â€Ē Multiple comorbidities

â€Ē 10% wt loss in previous 6 months without other causes

â€Ē Pyelonephritis or UTI

â€Ē Serum albumin <25 g/l

â€Ē Severe pressure scores

â€Ē Recurrent fevers

â€Ē Reduced oral intake / weight loss

â€Ē Aspiration pneumonia

Thomas K, et al. Prognostic Indicator Guidance 4th Ed, Oct 2011.

Page 23: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University
Page 24: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Decisions are almost always made with the

surrogate decision maker.

â€Ē Solicit and understanding the patient’s

previously stated goals and values.

â€Ē Acknowledge that decisions to withdraw or

withhold life-prolonging therapy might be

stressful for family members.

â€Ē Provide compassionate, evidence-based

counseling.

Page 25: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē She was diagnosed with dementia 5 years ago.

â€Ē Now not able to walk, speaks few words, difficult

feeding, lost some weight.

â€Ē Visit to the GP clinic.

â€Ē Daughter concern of her feeding problem, ask if

feeding tube will improve her nutritional status

and her function.

Page 26: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Admitted to LTC 2 years ago

â€Ē Status: Totally dependent, severe dysphagia,

minimal oral intake, almost mute.

â€Ē Developed fever with tachypnea.

â€Ē Diagnosis – recurrent aspiration pneumonia.

â€Ē Treated with AB last month for a similar condition.

â€Ē The patient’s daughter asked you:

“Why my mother sick again?” “Is it poor care?”

“Can you cure her?”

“Should she be sent to the hospital?”

Page 27: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Feeding tube.

â€Ē Transfer to hospital.

â€Ē Antibiotics for pneumonia.

â€Ē Withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging.

treatment.

â€Ē CPR

Page 28: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 2, 2009

â€Ē No evidence for increased survival.

â€Ē None of the studies evaluated tube feeding and

QoL.

â€Ē No benefit on nutrition and pressure sores.

Page 29: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Poor oral intake – Look for

- Altered mental status.

- Excessive drug sedation.

- Painful swallowing.

â€Ē Management:

- Good oral care.

- Small volume meals.

- Increased frequency.

- calorie dense.

- Support of caregivers.

Page 30: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Charts were reviewed for evidence of

pneumonia in US nursing homes

â€Ē Aggressiveness of antibiotic use was reviewed

Page 31: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē 133/323 residents had at least 1 episode of pneumonia.

â€Ē No statistical difference in survival between the 3 treatment routes

â€Ē Patients who were not treated had greater comfort (higher SM-EOLD scores)

Page 32: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

In severe dementia:

â€Ē Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is unlikely

to be successful.

â€Ē CPR is three times less likely to be successful in

people with cognitive impairment than in those

who are cognitively intact.

â€Ē The success rate is similar to that found in

people with metastatic cancer

Ebell et al, 1998

Page 33: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Intervention patients received less intravenous

therapy.

â€Ē Control patients were less likely to have a

palliative care plan.

â€Ē Methodological difficulties with research in

advanced dementia.

Page 34: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Application of PC to dementia.

â€Ē Patient-centered care, communication and

shared decision making.

â€Ē Setting care goals and advance planning.

â€Ē Continuity of care.

â€Ē Prognostication and timely recognition of dying.

Page 35: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Avoiding overly aggressive, burdensome and

futile treatment.

â€Ē Optimal treatment for symptom and providing

comfort.

â€Ē Psychosocial and spiritual support.

â€Ē Family care and involvement.

â€Ē Education of the health-care team.

â€Ē Societal and ethical issues.

Page 36: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University
Page 37: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē For Asian countries, patients and their informal

care givers prefer death to occur at home.

â€Ē Dying at home can contribute to a better death

compared with dying in an institution.

Higginson IJ, et al. J Pall Med 2000;3:287-300.Barbera I, et al. Palliat Med 2005;19:435-6.

Yao CA, et al. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007;34:497-504.

Page 38: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

āļ„ïŋ―āļēāđƒāļŠïŋ―āļˆïŋ―āļēāļĒāļ—āļĩ āļĩ āļšïŋ―āļēāļ™āļ•āļĩ āļĩ āļēāļāļ§ïŋ―āļēāļ—āļĩ āļĩ āđ‚āļĢāļ‡āļžāļĒāļēāļšāļēāļĨ

āļœāļđ ïŋ―āļ›ïŋ―āļ§āļĒāđ‚āļĢāļ„āļĄāļ°āđ€āļĢāļđ āļ‡āļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ•ïŋ―āđ‚āļ„āļĢāļ‡āļāļēāļĢ UC āļĄāļđ āļ„ïŋ―āļēāļĢāļđ āļāļĐāļēāļžāļĒāļēāļšāļēāļĨāđ€āļ”āļđ āļ­āļ™āļŠāļđ āļ”āļ—ïŋ―āļēāļĒāļïŋ―āļ­āļ™āđ€āļŠāļđ āļĒāļŠāļđ āļ§āļđ āļ•āđ€āļ‰āļĨāļđ āļđāļĒāđ€āļ—ïŋ―āļēāļāļđ āļš 44,974 āļšāļēāļ— āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđ āđāļĨāļœāļđ ïŋ―āļ›ïŋ―āļ§āļĒāļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āļŠāļđ āļ”āļ—ïŋ―āļēāļĒāļ—āļđ āļđāļšïŋ―āļēāļ™āļĄāļđ āļ„ïŋ―āļēāđƒāļŠïŋ―āļˆïŋ―āļēāļĒāđ€āļ—ïŋ―āļēāļāļđ āļš 26,821 āļšāļēāļ— āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđāļšïŋ―āļ‡āđ€āļ›ïŋ―āļ™

18

2,787 āļšāļēāļ—

7,534 āļšāļēāļ—

â€Ē Expenditure of CA patients under UC coverage (care

in hospital) was 44,974 B in the last month of life.

â€Ē Expenditure in the last month of life of care at home

is 26,821 B

Cost consists of:

Medical instrument/supplies

Supplies

Traveling costs

Carer compensation

TDRI. Financing long term care and palliative care, 2016.

Page 39: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Section 12 “The person has right to make make a statement

of intent not to seek health services that are

only possible. To prolong death in the last of his life. Or to end suffering

from illness”

Page 40: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

2014 - Health policy of the Ministry of Public

Health.

Every provincial hospital has a full time nurse

(training in PC) coordinates hospital PC Unit by

Dec 2014 and in 300 district hospitals by

September 2015.

2017 - National Health Security provides e-claim

for home care.

Page 41: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Community

Refer

Refer

Provincial Hospitals

District Hospitals

Health Volunteers

PCUsFamily care team

Functional unit with specialist palliative consultation teamâ€Ē Provide education/training.â€Ē Provide consultation.â€Ē Networking.

Functional unit with intermediatetraining PC teamâ€Ē Supervise primary care team.â€Ē Provide essential medications.â€Ē Provide med equibment.

Home care teamâ€Ē Basic PC training.â€Ē Screening of cases.â€Ē Provides home care.

Awareness building

Page 42: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Pilot project in Service Area 7 in

2014 then extended to the whole

Northeast region (including 4

provinces in other part of Thailand)

â€Ē 25 provincial hospitals

â€Ē 300 district hospitals

Objective: Building strong

network to provide continuity of

care at home in whole NE region

Page 43: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University
Page 44: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē The NE region now has 17 PC units, which could

act as clinical training sites.

â€Ē 80% of district hospitals have at least 1 nurse

training in intermediate-course PC (4-weeks)

â€Ē Network extended to primary care units.(3d course)

â€Ē The network is strong that dying at home is

manageable with good symptom control and home

care provision.

â€Ē This successful model could be replicated.

Page 45: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Opioid Available %

Immediate-released morphine 78.8

Control-released morphine 90.6

Duration of prescription >2weeks 64.4

MO injection used outside hospital 88.6

Page 46: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

2018 MOU signed between MOPH and KKU to

replicate the program in the Northern and

Southtern regions of Thailand

Page 47: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Geriatrics

Primary Care

Palliative

Care

The elderly

& Family

Long-term care

Case managerPalliative

Home Care

Family Care Team

â€Ē Improve

knowledge

and skills

â€Ē Coordination

Page 48: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€ĒCert PC Mid-career training (1Y)(2018) â€Ē Fellowship - PC for FM (1Y) (2019)

â€Ē Basic Cert. Course in Pall Med (8wk)â€Ē Basic Cert. Course in Pall Nurs (6wk)â€Ē Clinical Attachment for Com Nurs (4wk)â€Ē Clinical PC for pharmacists (2 wk)â€Ē How to set PC program (1 wk) â€Ē TOT for PC education (1 wk)

â€Ē Pain and PC for doctors (3d)â€Ē Basic PC for Nurses (3d)â€Ē PC for pharmacists (2d)

â€Ē Symptom managementâ€Ē PC in critical care settingsâ€Ē PC in Elderlyâ€Ē Renal PCâ€Ē Advance course in PC (2D)

International Course for doctors and nurses

Page 49: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Module 1. Concept & assessment

Module 2. Pain management

Module 3. Non-pain symp Mx

Module 4. Last hours of life

Module 5. Communication skills

Module 6. Psychosocial, spiritual and bereavement care

Module 7. Ethical issues

Module 8. D/C plan & home care

Module 9. Goal setting & ACP

Module contents:

â€Ē Objectives, Lessen plan.

â€Ē PPT with note page, Case study, Articles, Post test

Page 50: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Composed of:â€Ē Work flowsâ€Ē Guidelinesâ€Ē Record forms

Implemented by:â€Ē Karunruk PC Center

â€Ē Srinagarind PCT PC

â€Ē PC Units of Northeast

PC Network.

How to Set Hospital Palliative Care Program WS

5-d workshop

Page 51: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Educational modules:1. Advance dementia2. Prognostication

3. Issues concerned4. Holistic assessment and tools: Functional,

symptom, nutritional, psychosocial& spiritual, care giver needs.

5. Symptom management6. Advance care planning and AD7. Care at the dying phase8. Bereavement care

â€Ē Hand book for care giver.

Page 52: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē Caregiver Burden

Medical

review

Nursing care

Managing anticipated

complications

Caring for the carers

â€Ē Medical history reconciliation

â€Ē Physical examination

â€Ē Dementia specific assessment tools

â€Ē Nursing care

â€Ē Nutritional advice

â€Ē Anticipatory planning

â€Ē Preferred Plans of care

Page 53: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē āļŦāļāļīāļ‡āđ„āļ—āļĒāļ­āļēāļĒāļļ 84 āļ›āļĩ

â€Ē 4 M āļ­āđˆāļ­āļ™āđ€āļžāļĨāļĩāļĒ āļ­āļ·āļ”āļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡ āđ€āļšāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ­āļēāļŦāļēāļĢ

â€Ē 2 M āļŦāļēāļĒāđƒāļˆāđ„āļĄāđˆāļ­āļīāđˆāļĄ āļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āđ‚āļ•āļ‚āļķāđ‰āļ™ āļ™āļ­āļ™

āļĢāļēāļšāđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰ āđ„āļ­āđāļŦāđ‰āļ‡āđ† āļ™āļ™.āļĨāļ”

â€Ē Pleural effusion, ascities.

Pleural Bx: Metastatic

adenocarcinoma

āđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āđ‚āļĢāļ„ āļžāļĒāļēāļāļĢāļ“āđŒāđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ›āļĢāļ°āļĄāļēāļ“ 6 āđ€āļ”āļ·āļ­āļ™

Suggest Palliative CMT

Page 54: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

āļ›āļāļīāđ€āļŠāļ˜āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ§āļˆāļžāļīāđ€āļĻāļĐāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŦāđ‰ palliative CMT

āļ‚āļ­āļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāļ•āļēāļĄāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢ āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļˆāđ‡āļšāļ›āļ§āļ” āđāļĨāļ°āļ—āļĢāļĄāļēāļ™ āļ”āļđāđāļĨāļ—āļĩāđˆāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™

Page 55: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

1. āļŦāļ­āļšāđ€āļŦāļ™āļ·āđˆāļ­āļĒ

2. āđ„āļ­

3. āļ­āđˆāļ­āļ™āļĨāđ‰āļē

4. āđ€āļšāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ­āļēāļŦāļēāļĢ

Symptom Palliation

â€Ē Morphine syrup āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļˆāļąāļ”āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļŦāļ­āļš

â€Ē āļĒāļēāļĢāļ°āļšāļēāļĒ

â€Ē āļŠāļ­āļ™āļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩāļˆāļąāļ”āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļŦāļ­āļšāđ‚āļ”āļĒāđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļĒāļē āļāļķāļāļŦāļēāļĒāđƒāļˆ āļŠāļ‡āļ§āļ™

āļžāļĨāļąāļ‡āļ‡āļēāļ™ āđƒāļŠāđ‰āļĒāļēāđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļĄāļĩāļŦāļ­āļšāļ‰āļļāļāđ€āļ‰āļīāļ™

â€Ē Paracetesis āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ„āļĢāļēāļ§

Page 56: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

Good discharge plan

â€Ē Effective symptom control - āļ„āļēāļ”āļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆ

āļ­āļēāļˆāļˆāļ°āđ€āļāļīāļ” āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āļĒāļēāļĢāļ°āļ‡āļąāļšāļ›āļ§āļ”

â€Ē Advance care plan - āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāđƒāļˆāđ€āļ›āđ‰āļēāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļ”āļđāđāļĨ āļŦāļĨāļĩāļāđ€āļĨāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡

readmission āļāļēāļĢāļžāļĒāļļāļ‡āļŠāļĩāļžāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļāļīāļ”āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒ

â€Ē āļŠāļ­āļ™āļœāļđāđ‰āļ”āļđāđāļĨāļŦāļĨāļąāļ/āļĢāļ­āļ‡ - nursing care āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĒāļē āđƒāļŦāđ‰

āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āļēāļˆāļžāļšāđ„āļ”āđ‰āđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āļ™āļĩāđ‰ āđāļĨāļ°āļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āđƒāļāļĨāđ‰

āđ€āļŠāļĩāļĒāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āđāļĨāļ°āļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨ

â€Ē āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĄāļąāđˆāļ™āđƒāļˆāļ§āđˆāļēāļˆāļ°āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­āđ€āļ™āļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āļāļēāļĢ

āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„ āļēāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ—āļĩāļĄ PC āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ•āļĨāļ­āļ” 24 āļŠāļĄ. āļāļĨāļąāļšāļĄāļē admit

āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ€āļĄāđˆāļ·āļ­āđ€āļāļīāļ”āļ āļēāļ§āļ° emergency āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ— āļēāļŦāļąāļ•āļ–āļāļēāļĢāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ†

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â€Ē āļˆāļąāļ”āļŦāļēāļ­āļļāļ›āļāļĢāļ“āđŒāđŒāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆ āļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđƒāļŠāđ‰āļ—āļĩāđˆāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™

â€Ē āļĄāļĩāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āļ­āļ‚āđˆāļēāļĒāļ›āļāļĄāļ āļđāļĄāļīāļĢāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļŠāđˆāļ‡āļ•āđˆāļ­āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļĒāļĩāđˆāļĒāļĄāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™

â€Ē āļ—āļĩāļĄāđƒāļ™āļŠāļļāļĄāļŠāļ™āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļē PC specialist āđāļĄāđˆāļ‚āđˆāļēāļĒāđ„āļ”āđ‰

â€Ē āļĄāļĩāļĒāļē opioids āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ‡āđˆāļēāļĒ

â€Ē āļĄāļĩāļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āļāđˆāļ­āļ™āđ€āļŠāļĩāļĒāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ• āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāļĄāļąāļāđ„āļĄāđˆāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–

āļāļĨāļ·āļ™āļĒāļēāđ„āļ”āđ‰ āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āđ€āļ­āļēāļĒāļēāļ‰āļĩāļ”āļĄāļ­āļĢāđŒāļŸāļĩāļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļĒāļēāļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ†āļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆ āļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™

āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļˆāļąāļ”āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāđ„āļĄāđˆāļŠāļļāļ‚āļŠāļšāļēāļĒāļ­āļ­āļāđ„āļ›āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ—āđˆāļĩāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰

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â€Ē āđ€āļĒāļĩāđˆāļĒāļĄāļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āļˆ āļēāļŦāļ™āđˆāļēāļĒ 7 āļ§āļąāļ™

â€Ē āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļĄāļīāļ™āļšāđ‰āļēāļ™ āļœāļđāđ‰āļ”āļđāđāļĨ āđāļŦāļĨāđˆāļ‡

āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđ€āļŦāļĨāļ·āļ­ āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļœāļŠāļīāļāļ›āļąāļāļŦāļē

āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ„āļĢāļ­āļšāļ„āļĢāļąāļ§ āļŠāļĢāļļāļ›āļ›āļąāļāļŦāļēāđāļĨāļ°

āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđ€āļŦāļĨāļ·āļ­

â€Ē āļ•āļīāļ”āļ•āļēāļĄāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ ACP: family

meeting āļ—āļĩāđˆāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™

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â€Ē āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļĄāļĩāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļŦāļ­āļšāļĄāļēāļāļ‚āļķāđ‰āļ™

â€Ē āļ›āļĢāļąāļšāļ‚āļ™āļēāļ”āļĒāļē MO

â€Ē 2 āļ§āļąāļ™āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĄāļēāđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ‹āļķāļĄāļĨāļ‡ āļāļĨāļ·āļ™āļĒāļēāđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰

āļŦāļēāļĒāđƒāļˆāļ”āļąāļ‡āļ„āļĢāļ·āļ”āļ„āļĢāļēāļ” āļĨāļ‡āđ€āļĒāļĩāđˆāļĒāļĄāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™

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â€Ē āļĄāļĩāđ€āļ›āđ‰āļēāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāđāļĨāļ°āđāļœāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļąāļ”āđ€āļˆāļ™āļĢāđˆāļ§āļĄāļāļąāļ™āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđˆāļēāļ‡

āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒ āļ„āļĢāļ­āļšāļ„āļĢāļąāļ§ āđāļĨāļ°āļ—āļĩāļĄāļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļž

â€Ē āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāđāļĨāļ°āļ„āļĢāļ­āļšāļ„āļĢāļąāļ§āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ•āļ­āļšāļŠāļ™āļ­āļ‡āļ•āļēāļĄāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄ

āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢ āļžāļķāļ‡āļžāļ­āđƒāļˆāļāļēāļĢāļšāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļš

â€Ē āļĨāļ”āļāļēāļĢ admission āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļĄāļēāļĢāļąāļšāļšāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļ—āđˆāļĩāļŦāđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ‰āļļāļāđ€āļ‰āļīāļ™

â€Ē āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāļĄāļĩāļ„āļļāļ“āļ āļēāļžāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ”āļĩāļ—āđˆāļĩāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™ āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ•āļēāļĒāļ”āļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™

āļŠāļĢāļļāļ›āđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āđ€āļ§āļĨāļē 6 āđ€āļ”āļ·āļ­āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ”āļđāđāļĨ

â€Ē āļĨāļ‡āđ€āļĒāļĩāđˆāļĒāļĄāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™āļ—āđ‰āļąāļ‡āļŦāļĄāļ” 5 āļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡ āļ•āļīāļ”āļ•āļēāļĄāļ—āļĩāđˆ OPD PC 8 āļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡

â€Ē āļ•āļīāļ”āļ•āļēāļĄāļ—āļēāļ‡āđ‚āļ—āļĢāļĻāļąāļžāļ—/āđŒLine 20 āļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡

â€Ē āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„ āļēāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļēāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ•āļĨāļ­āļ” 24 āļŠāļąāđˆāļ§āđ‚āļĄāļ‡ 28 āļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡

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â€Ē āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāđāļĨāļ°āļ„āļĢāļ­āļšāļ„āļĢāļąāļ§

â€Ē āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļœāļđāđ‰āļ”āļđāđāļĨāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒ

â€Ē āļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļ§āļšāļ„āļļāļĄāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢ

â€Ē āļ›āļąāļāļŦāļēāđ€āļĻāļĢāļĐāļāļāļīāļˆ āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļ­āļšāļŠāļ™āļ­āļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄ

āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļĢāļĄāļ“āđŒ āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļˆāļīāļ•āļ§āļīāļāļāļēāļ“

1.āļœāļđāļ›āđ‰āļ§āđˆāļĒāđāļĨāļ°

āļ„āļĢāļ­āļšāļ„āļĢāļ§āļą

â€Ē āļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļšāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļ—āļĩāđˆāļšāđ‰āļēāļ™

â€Ē āļĒāļēāđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļļāļ›āļāļĢāļ“āđŒāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆ āļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™

â€Ē āļĄāļĩāļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļēāļ™/āļŠāđˆāļ‡āļ•āđˆāļ­/āļ”āļđāđāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­āđ€āļ™āļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„ āļēāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļē

āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢ

â€Ē āļāļĨāļąāļšāļĄāļēāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāđƒāļ™ āļĢāļž. āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ— āļēāļŦāļąāļ•āļ–āļāļēāļĢ āļˆāļąāļ”āļāļēāļĢ

āļ āļēāļ§āļ°āļ‰āļļāļāđ€āļ‰āļīāļ™āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ†āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ•āļēāļĄāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŦāļĄāļēāļ°āļŠāļĄ

2.āđāļŦāļĨāđˆāļ‡

āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒ

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â€Ē CC: āļ‹āļķāļĄāļĨāļ‡āļĄāļē 5 āļ§āļąāļ™ āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ•āļąāļ§ 1 āļ§āļąāļ™āļāđˆāļ­āļ™āļĄāļēāļĢāļž. āļ‚āļ“āļ°āļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŦāđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ‰āļļāļāđ€āļ‰āļīāļ™āđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļžāļšāļŦāļēāļĒāđƒāļˆāđ„āļĄāđˆāļŠāļĄāđˆ āļēāđ€āļŠāļĄāļ­ āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđƒāļŠāđˆāļ—āđˆāļ­āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļŦāļēāļĒāđƒāļˆāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāđˆāļ‡ CT brain

â€Ē PH: āļ§āļīāļ™āļīāļˆāļ‰āļąāļĒāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™ dementia 5 āļ›āļĩāļāđˆāļ­āļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđ€āļŦāļĨāļ·āļ­āļ•āļąāļ§āđ€āļ­āļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰ āļŠāļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļšāļēāļ‡āļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡ āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ™āļ­āļ™āļ•āļīāļ”āđ€āļ•āļĩāļĒāļ‡āļĄāļē 3 āļ›āļĩāļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđ€āļŦāļĨāļ·āļ­āļ•āļąāļ§āđ€āļ­āļ‡āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰ āļˆ āļēāđƒāļ„āļĢāđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ­āļēāļŦāļēāļĢāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŠāļēāļĒāļĒāļēāļ‡ āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĄāļĩāđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ›āļĢāļ°āļˆ āļēāļ•āļąāļ§āļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ†

â€Ē FH: āļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāļ„āļĢāļđ āļŠāļēāļĄāļĩāđ€āļŠāļĩāļĒāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ• 10 āļ›āļĩāļāđˆāļ­āļ™ āļĄāļĩāļšāļļāļ•āļĢāļŠāļ­āļ‡āļ„āļ™

āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ‡āđāļĢāļāļ­āļēāļĻāļąāļĒāļāļąāļšāļšāļļāļ•āļĢāļŠāļēāļĒāļ—āļĩāļāđˆāļ—.āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĄāļēāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļĨ āļēāļšāļēāļ āļˆāļķāļ‡āļĄāļē

āļ­āļēāļĻāļąāļĒāļāļąāļšāļšāļļāļ•āļĢāļŠāļēāļ§āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ­āļēāļˆāļēāļĢāļĒāđŒāļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāļ‚āļ­āļ™āđāļāđˆāļ™

â€Ē āļ™āļąāļšāļ–āļ·āļ­āļĻāļēāļŠāļ™āļēāļžāļļāļ—āļ˜

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â€Ē CT brain: Brain metastasis

with hemorrhage at Rt frontal

& left parietal lobe is most

likely, aging brain atrophy.

â€Ē CXR: Right upper lobe mass.

â€Ē Blood Chem - alb 2.1

DX: Adv dementia with lung CA with brain mets

PE: No cognitive function on MV

Cachexia, pressure sores at sacrum grade 4

Page 64: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāđ‚āļĢāļ„ āļžāļĒāļēāļāļĢāļ“āđŒāđ‚āļĢāļ„ āđāļ™āļ§āļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨ

āļ„āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāđāļĨāļ°āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļ•āļēāļĄāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢ

Comfort care āļĒāļļāļ•āļīāļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ„āļĄāđˆāļāđˆāļ­āđ€āļāļīāļ”āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒ

āđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™ āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļžāļĒāļļāļ‡āļŠāļĩāļž

â€Ē āļ„āļĢāļ­āļšāļ„āļĢāļąāļ§āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļžāđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļ™āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļ comfort care āļĒāļļāļ•āļīāļāļēāļĢ

āļžāļĒāļļāļ‡āļŠāļĩāļž

Page 65: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University

â€Ē āļ™āļĩāđˆāļ„āļ·āļ­āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļēāļĒāļ”āļĩāļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ ?

â€Ē āļ„āļļāļ“āļĄāļĩāđāļ™āļ§āļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ” āļēāđ€āļ™āļīāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄ?āđˆ

â€Ē āļ–āđ‰āļēāļ—āđˆāļēāļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĄāļĩāđ‚āļ­āļāļēāļŠāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāļĢāļēāļĒāļ™āļĩāđ‰āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­ 3 āļ›āļĩāļāđˆāļ­āļ™ āļ—āđˆāļēāļ™

āļˆāļ°āļ— āļēāļ­āļ°āđ„āļĢāļšāđ‰āļēāļ‡ ?

Page 66: Thai Palliative Care Society - Mahidol University