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6th
Grade
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 97
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.1 6.Physical Science.1.1 All matter is made of atoms, which are far too small to see directly
through a light microscope. Elements have unique atoms and thus, unique properties. Atoms
themselves are made of even smaller particles.
Essential Questions - 21st Century Skills
and Readiness Competencies:
1. In the world of science, what makes
something a building block?
2. What is matter?
3. What are characteristics?
4. What makes information appropriate to use
as an explanation for the nature of matter?
5. What is an atomic model?
6. What is the particle model of matter?
7. How is the Periodic Table of Elements
arranged?
8. What does the atomic number represent?
Evidence Outcomes:
a. Identify evidence that suggests there is a
fundamental building block of matter.
b. Use the particle model of matter to illustrate
characteristics of different substances.
c. Develop an evidence based scientific
explanation of the atomic model as the
foundation for all chemistry.
d. Find and evaluate appropriate information
from reference books, journals, magazines,
online references, and databases to compare
and contrast historical explanations for the
nature of matter.
Academic Vocabulary:
atom
atomic model
atomic number
characteristic
electron
group
matter
metal
metalloid
neutron
nucleus
particle
period
Periodic Table of Elements
property
proton
reference materials
Assessment:
1. Completed matching activity is assessment.
2, 4, & 5. Activity sheet in lesson is the
assessment.
3. Complete discussion questions for
assessment.
6. Assessment is built into the lesson plan.
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 98
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.1 scientific explanation
subscript
substance
Suggested Activities/Strategies:
1. Vocabulary Matching Game: This is an
online interactive game. It could also be used
in paired partnerships and/or printed out with
each student given the words and definitions
in a zip-lock bag.
2. Moving Molecules Activity: Based on their
observations students will describe, on the
molecular level, how heating and cooling
affect the motion of atoms in a solid.
3. Use this atom tutorial for note taking and or
extra practice over atoms. Students learn about
atomic structure and subatomic particles
through an interactive slide show. To
download you must register for a free teacher
domain. There are several lessons and
interactive activities over a variety of science
subjects.
4. The Periodic Table Activity: Students are
introduced to the basic information given for
the elements in the Periodic Table (name,
symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.)
5. Protons, Neutrons, Electrons Activity:
Students put a static charge on a strip of
plastic by pulling it between their fingers.
6. Alex Lesson Plan on Atomic Models: This
lesson introduces students to scientific models.
The students learn how models of the atom
have changed as new evidence is gathered and
about the current model of the atom.
1. Vocabulary Matching Game
2. Moving Molecules Activity
3. Teacher Domain
Resources/Technology:
Share My Lesson on the History of the Atom
Middle School Science Lesson Plans
The Science Queen
Free Clip Art
Free I-pad Apps
Free PowerPoints
Free Interactive Games
Slide Share Atom Presentation
Slide Share Presentation Molecules
Middle School Chemistry
Super Collider Video
History of the Atom Video
Interactive Cell to Scale Pictures
Free Lesson Plans
Candle Activity Properties
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 99
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.1 4. The Periodic Table Activity
5. Protons, Neutron, Electrons Activity
6. Alex Lesson Plan Atomic Models
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 100
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.2 6.Physical Science.1.2 Atoms may stick together in well-defined molecules or be packed
together in large arrays. Different arrangements of atoms into groups compose all substances.
Essential Questions - 21st Century Skills
and Readiness Competencies:
1. Why do substances behave differently? For
example, why does water pour rapidly while
syrup pours slowly?
2. What is the difference between elements
and compounds?
3. How do atoms combine to form molecules?
4. What is a mixture?
5. What is the difference between a polar and
non-polar bond?
6. How are the properties of molecules
different from atoms?
Evidence Outcomes:
a. Explain the similarities and differences
between elements and compounds.
b. Identify evidence suggesting that atoms
form into molecules with different properties
than their components.
c. Find and evaluate information from a
variety of resources about molecules.
Academic Vocabulary:
atom
chemical bond
compound
covalent bond
element
heterogeneous
homogeneous
ionic bond
metallic bond
mixture
molecule
non-polar bond
polar bond
property
pure substance
valence electron
Assessment:
1. Assessment is located in the lesson closure
section of the plan.
2. Assessment ideas are located at the end of
the lesson.
3. The correctly constructed model can be
used as assessment.
4, 5, 6, & 7. Assessments are built into the
lessons.
8. Create a rubric to assess the
Superhero/Villain Project.
Rubric Generator
Suggested Activities/Strategies:
1. How Many Drops Activity: In this lesson,
students conduct a simple test to determine
Resources/Technology:
What is an Atom YouTube Video
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 101
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.2 how many drops of each of three liquids can
be placed on a penny before spilling over.
2. Helping Molecules Get Along Activity:
Students learn about the basics of molecules
and how they interact with each other. They
learn about the idea of polar and non-polar
molecules and how they act with other fluids
and surfaces.
3. Using The Building Blocks of Matter from
Teacher's Domain, students construct a water
molecule with marshmallows and toothpicks.
4. What is a Polar Molecule Activity: Use this
activity to introduce students to the idea that
water is a polar molecule that has a slight
positive charge at one end of the molecule and
a slight negative charge at the other.
5. Atomic Musical Chairs Activity: Students
identify the different parts of an atom and
determine the atomic number, atomic mass,
and the number of protons, neutrons, and
electrons for each atom.
6. Molecularium™ Riding Snowflakes is
learner-friendly examination of atoms and
molecules. This has several lessons and
activities throughout
7. Adopt an Element Performance Task:
Students create an advertisement for an
element.
8. Have the students form pairs. One
must design a superhero whose powers are
based upon the properties of an element.
The partner must design a super-villain who
has powers based upon the opposite
properties.
Molecular Movement
Atoms and Elements
Middle School Chemistry
Site with Multiple Free Lesson Plans
Free PowerPoints
Free I-pad Apps
Free Clip Art
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 102
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.2 1. How Many Drops
2. Helping Molecules Get Along Activity
3. The Building of Matter
4. What is a Polar Molecule Activity
5. Atomic Musical Chairs
6. Molecularium Lesson
7. Adopt an Element
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 103
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.3 6.Physical Science.1.3 The physical characteristics and changes of solid, liquid, and gas
states can be explained using the particulate model.
Essential Questions - 21st Century Skills
and Readiness Competencies:
1. What determines whether matter is in the
form of a solid, liquid, or gas?
2. What is the kinetic molecular theory and
how does temperature affect the behavior of
particles in a gas?
3. What is the difference between a change in
temperature and a change of state?
4. What are the physical characteristics of the
states of matter?
5. What is the difference between a physical
change and a chemical change?
Evidence Outcomes:
a. Explain how the arrangement and motion of
particles in a substance such as water
determine its state.
b. Distinguish between changes in temperature
and changes of state using the particle model
of matter.
Academic Vocabulary:
boiling point
changes of state
chemical change
condensation
evaporation
freezing point
gas
ideal gas
ideal gas law
kinetic molecular theory
liquid
melting point
phase
phase change
physical change
physical characteristic
properties of matter
solid
state of matter
sublimation
temperature
vaporization
Assessment:
1. Assess answers to Discussion Questions.
2, 3, & 4. Assessments are built into the
lessons.
5. Watch the video and then have students
answer discussions questions either as a whole
group or in partners.
6. The interactive activity is the assessment.
Teacher will observe or have students peer
check that they completed the activity
correctly.
7. Completion of the chart can be used as
assessment.
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 104
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.3 Suggested Activities/Strategies:
1. Watch the short video clip as an activating
strategy for showing how properties of
materials are affected by arrangement of
atoms. This site also has several other
activities and interactive activities.
2. Molecules Matter Activity: Students discuss
the meaning of chemistry and matter.
3. Molecules in Motion: Students add food
coloring to hot and cold water to see whether
heating or cooling affects the speed of water
molecules.
4. Changing State Activity: Students identify
and control variables to design a test to
determine if heating water affects the rate of
evaporation. Have students conduct an
experiment to answer the question of whether
hot or cold water freezes faster. Afterwards,
have them try to explain the results using the
kinetic molecular theory.
5. This video segment adapted from A Science
Odyssey examines the scale of the atom and
the tremendous amount of space between the
electrons and the nucleus.
6. In this interactive simulation adapted from
University of Colorado’s Physics Education
Technology project, students explore the
relationship between the pressure, volume, and
temperature of a gas.
7. Distinguish between chemical and physical
changes with this Changes in Matter activity.
8. Solid, Liquid, Gas Experiment: Students
distinguish similarities/differences of matter
and recognize that different states of matter
may appear in one substance.
Resources/Technology:
Free Clip Art
Free I-pad Apps
Free PowerPoints
Free Interactive Games
Free Matter Lesson Plans
Matter Scramble Puzzle
Matter Crossword Puzzle
States of Matter Lesson Plans
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 105
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.3 1. Video over Structure of Matter
2. Molecules Matter
3. Molecules in Motion
4. Changing State Evaporation
5. Atoms, the Space Between Video
6. Gas Properties Interactive Activity
7. Changes in Matter Activity
8. Solid, Liquid, Gas Experiment
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 106
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.4 6.Physical Science.1.4 Distinguish among, explain, and apply the relationships among mass,
weight, volume, and density.
Essential Questions - 21st Century Skills
and Readiness Competencies:
1. Which of the following is the best
recommendation for a person trying to lose
weight and why? Reduce the number of
calories eaten, exercise more, or go to the
moon?
2. If weight and mass are not the same thing,
why might people use the words
interchangeably?
3. In what type of situation would it be most
useful to know the mass of an object? weight?
volume? density?
4. How is mass measured?
5. How is volume measured?
6. What is density?
7. What are some of the tools you can use to
report results for scientific investigations?
Evidence Outcomes:
a. Explain that the mass of an object does not
change, but its weight changes based on the
gravitational forces acting upon it.
b. Predict how changes in acceleration due to
gravity will affect the mass and weight of an
object.
c. Predict how mass, weight, and volume
affect density.
d. Measure mass and volume, and use these
quantities to calculate density.
e. Use tools to gather, view, analyze, and
report results for scientific investigations
about the relationships among mass, weight,
volume, and density.
Academic Vocabulary:
acceleration
density
force
gravity
mass
volume
weight
Assessment:
1, 2, 6, & 7. Assessments are built into the
lessons.
3. & 4. Use Discussion Questions for
assessment.
5. Use the Lab as the assessment.
8. When you go into the lesson link, all links
to the assessments are found on the right side
of the web page.
9. Formative Assessments are located at
bottom of lesson plan. They also have links to
worksheets that could be used as assessments.
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 107
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.4 Suggested Activities/Strategies:
1. Students investigate a wax candle and a
piece of clay to understand why the candle
floats and the clay sinks, even though the
candle is heavier than the piece of clay.
2. Students place hot and cold colored water
into room-temperature water. They observe
that the hot water floats on the room-
temperature water and the cold water sinks.
3. This video segment adapted from ZOOM
offers a demonstration of buoyancy by
showing how to pour a cup of air into a cup
filled with water.
4. In this video from NASA's Teaching From
Space Initiative, two astronauts aboard the
International Space Station (ISS) describe
mass, weight, and the differences between the
two.
5. Cookie Lab: Students use mass and volume
to describe and identify cookies.
6. Go to Share My Lesson and choose from
several lesson plans over this standard.
7. Density Lesson Plan: Students make
predictions about which items will sink or
float. They then use what they learned about
density to create an aluminum foil object that
floats and an object that sinks.
8. Density of Water Lab: Students measure the
volume and mass of water to determine its
density.
9. Mass and Density Lesson: Students identify
differences in mass, volume, and density
amongst the three states of matter and
calculate density with varying quantities of
mass and volume.
Resources/Technology:
Free Clip Art
Free I-pad Apps
Free PowerPoints
Free Interactive Games
Mass versus Weight Resource
Density Lesson Plans
Volume, Mass, Weight Slide Share
Measuring Mass, Volume, Density
Density Archimedes PowerPoint
Density Review PowerPoint
Interactive Simulations
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 108
Physical Science
6th Grade Standard 1.4
1. Density Activity
2. Temperature Affects Density Activity
3. Density and Buoyancy Video and
Questions
4. Mass versus Weight Video and Questions
5. Cookie Lab
7. Density Lesson Plan
8. Density of Water Lab
9. Mass and Density Lesson
Copyright © 2013 South Central Board of Cooperative Educational Services and Education Designs. 109
